The Mexican American Border | A Tale of two Colonies

Why is Mexico so different from the United States? Why is one country poorer than the other? In this video, the first of a 3 part series, I would like to take you on a journey through the socio-economic developments that took place in two countries throughout their recent 400 years of history and compare them.
I feel obliged, first and foremost, to thank a group of artists, who chimed in to help finish the video sooner. A significant amount of the donations and patreon support for this video will go to them.
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Artists & Contributors!
Artists and other contributors, who supported the creation of this video can be followed and commissioned here:
Alp Mapper:
On KZbin: / @alpmapper
On Deviant Art: www.deviantart.com/alpmapper
Eko:
On twitter: Ekowastooshort?s=09
On instagram: ekowastooshort
Teabag:
On twitter: elpg1576
Turkbud:
On instagram: turkbud
On artstation: www.artstation.com/turkbud
Tanit:
On twitter: T4NlT?s=09
On youtube: / @dertanit773
Mrs. Human Car:
On discord: discord.gg/mbadrCb8wD
Her homepage: www.thewarprofiteer.net/colla...
On twitter: MrsHumanCar
VexiSphere:
On twitter: SphereVexi
On KZbin: / @vexisphere8904
Nomad:
On twitter: NomadStarr
On deviant art: www.deviantart.com/monadstar
On youtube: / @ravignonch
Jikuzen:
On twitter: Jikusen_FL
Kwad Rat:
On twitter: Kwad_rat
Many thanks to Tsunami music for contributing music tracks for this video.
You can find her soundcloud here: soundcloud.com/tsu_nami
Her twitter here: TSUNAMIMUSICx
and her Instagram here: tsunamimusicx
Many thanks to the following creators for contributing voice lines for quotations:
Gunter:
On youtube: / @gunterxvoices4101
Olyve Gardens (I mistakenly called her Awfull Ophelia after one of her characters, sorry):
On youtube: / @olyvegardyns
On twitter: TheR00mie
Liberal Sanity Project:
On youtube: / @cogitationveritas5916
On twitter: lspiguesslol
Tingly Voice:
On youtube: / tinglyvoice
On twitter: TinglyV
Music royalties:
Music: "Kevin MacLeod - Sardana"
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Guitarra Flamenca (Música Española) de danilo_dawson está posteada bajo una licencia Creative Commons.
Airoso by Ehren K. Wade |WombatNoisesAudio| soundcloud.com/user-734462061
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Source material
Why Nations Fail, by Daron Acemoglu and James Robinson
American Nations, by Colin Woodard
American Character, by Colin Woodard
The Forgotten Continent by Micheal Reid
A People's History of the United States, by Howard Zinn
These truths, by Jill Lepore
The Contemporary History of Latin America, by Tulio Halperin Donghi
The Narrow Corridor, by Daron Acemoglu and James Robinson
The Origins of Political Decay, by Francis Fukuyama

[Kraut]

Translations of the video into other Languages: Chinese: www.bilibili.com/video/BV1zK4y1U7Pr Spanish: kzbin.info/www/bejne/hoCblZSPnNF3bJo German: kzbin.info/www/bejne/jZiXo5iHdph7lck Portuguese: kzbin.info/www/bejne/r6Cyi36nbt1oY7s Serbian: kzbin.info/www/bejne/garEanqBmJ2ibZI Romanian: kzbin.info/www/bejne/eHKve2CGpd2esJo Music only template to make translations: kzbin.info/www/bejne/maiwYqFrjplkbNk

[Andrija Kangrga]

How the hell did you get a serbian translation

[Victor Enriquez]

@Andrija Kangrga with a serb willing to translate (?)

[Manuel Pereiro Conde]

somewhat surprising that there isn't a spanish translation yet

[seagull skunk]

Just rewatched your Video on the fall of democracy in imperial Japan. Still planning on doing a 2nd part? Ó_ò

[Zentralrat der Fliesentischbesitzer]

Im Namen der allermeisten hier kann ich dir nur wieder zu einem gelungenen Video gratulieren. Informativ, witzig und spannend.

[AlternateHistoryHub]

Cant imagine how much hell it must have been to draw those individual Aztec-balls

[Hat for a cat]

Seeing you watch other history youtubers’ content seems cool

[von Krähenhain]

Wow, it's cool to find you here. you have really good taste.

[pedro vieira]

Relatable

[Memescap 123]

I remember seeing all your comments on brain4breakfast videos

[Carlos_A_M]

Yeah...

[Roger Houses]

Hey! Nogales resident here! It’s so surreal that a Polandball KZbinr that I’ve been watching for a long time just started talking about the small border town that I live in. I never thought that anyone would talk about this place outside of Capirtoada, so that’s great! While I wasn’t born in Nogales (I was born in Ciudad de Querétaro), the majority of my life has been spent living here. I lived 7 years in Nogales, Sonora; and 3+ years in Nogales, Arizona (where I live now). I mostly wanted to make this comment to corroborate things from the video with my own personal anecdotes. I want to start off by saying that crossing between each Nogales is a very integral part of both cultures. AZ to Sonora for economic/commercial purposes, and Sonora to AZ for literally everything else. It’s not considered very special to cross between both countries’ borders because, well, we live here (this would probably be the same for most dual border towns), and a lot of people cross the border every day, multiple times a day. When I lived in Nogales, Sonora; my older sister worked retail at one of the stores at the border on the American side. Even though she would only make minimum wage, they would pay her in dollars, so she would end up making more money than if she worked retail in Mexico, all while crossing to and from AZ every day. You are also right about the students (I was one of them). Nogales AZ has one public High School (the other 2-3 of them are private) and a good chunk of students from that school live in Mexico. They cross the border from Sonora to AZ every weekday at around 5:00 AM to catch the bus (the border is the only sector of Nogales AZ that the school would send more than one school bus to pick up students) and once school was over, they would grab the bus back to the border. A lot of these specific students wouldn’t even completely know English! Even though I spoke/speak fluent English (English was my first language, Spanish my second) I still struggled a lot with properly writing English when I transferred there in Junior year (I never took a proper English class in Mexico), something that I’m still trying to refine. Also, Nogales, Sonora is so much more interesting entertainment-wise than its American counterpart. To the point where my high school's prom would be held in America, and then the afterparty would be held across the border in Mexico at a nightclub (The legal drinking age in America is 21, whereas in Mexico it's 18). I’m not sure if this is because of the specific classes that I was in, but the students at my American HS were a lot more politically involved than in my Mexican HS. In fact, the student council president (who I was friends with) would regularly work on projects outside of school and in the general community; and she would even frequently contact, conduct campaigns with, give suggestions of changes to, and generally assist the mayor of the town, which is kinda cool for a HS kid to do?? Idk. (Cool little anecdote about my old HS, the mascot is the Apache, and I believe the school sent out representatives to local apache tribes to ask them for permission to use them as the school’s mascot. (In honor of them) Apparently, they all found it very humorous and flattering, so they said yes. They are now supposedly the only HS in this region to have ever asked permission for usage of a tribe mascot like that.) The only crime that I’ve ever experienced here was that one time where my neighbor stole my bike (and left it in his yard?? Like bruh if you're gonna steal it, maybe actually try to hide it). Other than that, I only remember when some drug lords from Nogales, Sonora, were caught strapping bags of cocaine inside the wheels of teachers' cars, which they would then cross the border to get to work as unknowing drug mules. Also, that one case where a guy killed another guy in revenge like a year and a half ago. Other than that, not much. In Nogales, Sonora, however, you have to take a lot of precautions to protect your belongings (and by extension yourself), especially if you are a child or a woman. I do find your comment about transportation interesting though. In all the 7 years that I’ve lived there, I never got robbed or hurt by someone in public transportation, and I would take it A LOT (school busses don’t exist, but you do get a discount if you’re in your school uniform, and I went through all of middle school and most of High School using these public buses). The same for taxis, although it might vary from age and gender (I was a young boy at the time), so take my anecdotes with a grain of salt. I think it’s interesting how almost no one in Nogales, Sonora knows how to speak English fluently (the majority can still understand it), yet the vast majority of people in Nogales, AZ are bilingual. You are also very correct about healthcare, literally, every one of my friends in Nogales AZ would cross to Mexico every time they needed to go to the doctor, dentist, optometrist, etc. There’s just no comparison to the quality difference. This also might just be a placebo, but for me, Mexican medicine is so much more effective than American medicine by a landslide. It is also SO MUCH CHEAPER. Overall, I really liked your video and hope to see the next two parts soon! Anyways, tl;dr: _✨N o g a l e s✨_

[Paso Fino]

Same here in Hidalgo ( McAllen) Texas, The fun was always had on the Reynosa side and the same with the health care, not to mention the food. We eat a lot of alligator gar ( cattan) and we cook it chicharrón style I remember asking my grandma why it taste better on the MX side she said because the gringos use new grease and we don’t I remember thinking to myself silly gringos.

[L]

Nice description thank you

[Christian Martinez]

What a nice little add-on to read after finishing the hour-long video. It's nice to read accounts of real people that have largely experienced what was explained in the video. Living in one of those dual-border towns must be such an interesting situation to be in, especially where it's two hugely different countries involved. I live in Miami and even though we are not bordering anyone, we are pretty much a little bubble in which pretty much all Hispanic cultures interact within a United States institutional framework. It is really fascinating to watch Miami society's daily life play out.

[Andres Riquelme]

Your neighbour must have stolen it under "influences" to make such a stupid mistake ahjaahhahahhaha

[Maricruz Hernandez]

Imo (I’m from Tijuana btw) it’s not so much that healthcare is better in Mexico. Public healthcare is fine and sometimes mediocre or even bad. But oh lord, private healthcare in Mexico is godsend. The Mexican doctors who have their specialties are so good and caring compared to a lot of doctors in the US and despite being private it’s still way more affordable than in the US. I could be biased because medical school is 6 years in Mexico and 4 years in the US

[David Cervantes]

This information is plain gold. As a northen Mexican I must tell you that this is top notch. You detailed our History better than any of the teachers and historians that I’ve ever come across. Please, you’ve got to allow someone helping you make a Spanish version of this in case you cannot do it yourself. We Mexicans and other Spanish speakers desperately need to listen to this. Let me know what you think. For now, you’ve got yourself a new suscriber.

[Jorge Chávez]

you can subtitle the video

[eksibaklava]

✈️ 💰

[Honk Honk]

I see Brazil making companies like Embraer, and being entepreneurial in general. I dont see Mexico doing the same. I always wondered why honestly

[ADMA]

@Honk Honk que?

[xfire 599]

My family is descendent from conquistadors. They eventually settled in a small town in the San Luis valley in a town called “Del Norte” - in Colorado - where there are still groups of people of Spanish descent that speak Spanish - and get very defensive when people call them “Mexican”. Thank you for shedding light on this lesser know part of history!

[Rodrigo E.Gordillo]

If they are brown they aint spanish, simple as that

[Cris MC]

Mexico is just Spanish North America, they don't want to associate with Mexicans because they don't want to be associated with poor mestizo people looked down by Anglo American culture. The Spanish colonization of the Southwest was done by Mexico (by New Spain) not by Madrid, the Spanish they speak comes from Mexican Spanish and so the culture.

[Rodrigo E.Gordillo]

@Cris MC thank you, that is just the truth, it amaze me how many people with mixed background on the southwest claim to be "spanish" when few spaniards went to the southwest to form communities, spaniards actually went mostly to Lima or Mexico City, not what at the time was considered a wasteland

[Christian Piedra]

@Rodrigo E.Gordillo This is only partially true, while this areas saw major migration of Spaniards, by far, the whitest region of Mexico is Northern Mexico (Chihuahua, Sinaloa, Baja California).

[ADMA]

Kraut Jr.: "Dad, how did the Mexican American border happen?" Kraut Sr.: "Well son, there was this new continent, called Pangea..."

[Ricky Smith]

Sorry for asking, but could you please explain the quote? I don't quite understand it. Sry 😕

[ADMA]

@Ricky Smith . It's s believed that Pangaea was the Earth's original continent before it broke up. So, this is just a joke about how, the story of a place can begin at any point in time. It also means that this is a very thorough presentation!

[MarcosElMalo2]

@ADMA OK, I get it now. The problem was that I misunderstood your comment as a criticism that Kraut was over complicating things by going too far into the history of colonization of the Americas. Maybe that confused Ricky, too. The truth is that Kraut has greatly simplified things. But not more simplified than was necessary.

[WoogyBoogy]

AHAHA soo true. He begins his Turkish history video with the invention of agriculture :P

[taizo]

@Ricky Smith he’s making a joke about how much context kraut provides

[Archdruid Bookwalter]

Kraut be like: "Why are there 2 Nogales and why is one way worse than the other?" "Ok, give me a moment to explain..." *starts talking about the Aztec empire*

[Silvan Moses]

Same can be said to explain about ww2 let's start from Charlemagne

[Tora Hibiki]

@Silvan Moses and you cant explain Charlemagne without explaining the fall of the eastern roman empire and the threat from the Islamic golden age.

[Mana]

Every KZbin Essay be like

[Cloudy Nguyen]

@Mana One thing for sure is I feel like Kraut is better at doing this than other KZbinr. I find most overexplaining seem a bit disconnected and uninteresting by the end. For Kraut, his pacing is well established so you can transition from 1 section to another until the very end seamlessly.

[Cloudy Nguyen]

Bonus the fact that Kraut speaks clearly to the audience. As someone who is not native English speaker, I find Kraut voice soothing and easy to understand. His words choice aren't much complicated and straight into topics. Using academic term is fine, but finding a balance like Kraut is much better in my opinion ^-^

[Noe Kahn]

The Kraut content is literal movies now!!! I hope you are aware of this pivotal moment in your career Kraut. You are about to leave your primordial ooze and affect the minds of millions of people. Given your evolution and "redemption arch", I (and it seems thousand others) are certain that you will provide a long lasting positive effect on this planet.

[enqrbit]

I love me some *_Kraut Originals_* once in a while.

[TERMINATE Y-Z]

Kind of like all the commentary channels now on this website.

[Diseased Squirrel]

always has been

[Yehia Rizk]

Ikr

[brandon morgan]

Pop. That. Corn.

[Max Carlos]

It always hurts to revisit our history :')

[KDH2130]

😂

[Dægle]

Sometimes the past was better.

[wild paper]

@Dægle ehhhh, no. There might have been good impacts in history but even then there has always been violence, nothing is perfect nor is the past perfect.

[ohla300]

Historyiscool8899 yes but will the ppl of the Present learn from it!? 🤔

[Jorge Vidales]

As a Mexican, this video has changed my perspective and really helped my throu dark times. Thank you Kraut.

[David Cervantes]

We should definitely translate this whole thing into Spanish. It must not go unwatched by Spanish speakers. Especially Mexicans.

[Jorge Vidales]

@David Cervantes Im in, what do we need to do?

[David Cervantes]

@Jorge Vidales I guess step 1 is waiting for Kraut to give us their permission. After all, this is his work. I have sent him a message y a ver qué dice el vato.

[Jorge Vidales]

@David Cervantes Sale me avisas

[Rotem Platino]

Porque hablan en inglés, güeyes? Jajaja

[mt ias]

0:00 Prelude 7:40 Conquistadores, Puritans, Slaves and Quakers 26:31 Leviathan and the Tyranny of Cousins 35:45 El Norte 48:04 Un paso adenlante y dos pasos atrás 1:04:15 Outro

[Spoof420]

You forgot "WARRE"

[ximira]

It would be interesting to see this kind of analysis for Brazil, and how we were different from the rest of Latin America but not enough to escape the worst mistakes

[Rafael Kasinski]

A top-notch idea ❤

[Mauricio Silva]

Concordo. Gostaria de ver um vídeo desses sobre o Brasil.

[c o o l v i b r a t i o n s]

this is insanely interesting, especially the part on the leviathan, i wouldn't expect to learn about political concept in a countryball video

[Medicus]

Have you seen brain for breakfast's videos?

[Toby McElhinney]

I think he fundamentally misunderstandd what Hobbes was saying in Leviathan. Hobbes was not concerned with prosperity or happiness or the common good, Hobbes was only concerned with safety and security. Hobbe's thought that if everyone agreed to obide by the will of the sovereign then they'd avoid the horror of a state of nature - where right is might because any man can kill another. The sovereign didn't even have to be a monarch (although Hobbes would probably see that as preferable), Hobbes specifically says that the sovereign could be an assembly of men (as long as it has a clear will). For Hobbes the only duty of the sovereign was to use the collective might of its citizens to protect its citizens, both from external threats and from the state of nature (with the use of laws). The only time it was permissible to disobey the sovereign was if it was a danger to your life - the sovereign had failed in its obligation to you, so you are no longer bound to it. Which is why using Nazi Germany as an example of a Hobbsian state doesn't make sense (as the sovereign would have fundamentally failed in its only obligation to its citizens). All of Krauts examples of stateless societies could be argued to be Hobbsian states - as all the people in them obeyed the sovereign (be it the church, landowners, aristocracy, etc) and the sovereign in turn enforced its own sort of order and protected its citizens. Kraut gets a lot right but I think here he either hasn't read Leviathan (which is fair enough, if I didn't have too I would've used sparknotes or some shit) or fundamentally misunderstands Hobbes (which is also fair because Leviathan is incredibly difficult to read, Hobbes writes in the most confusing ways sometimes).

[Jude Martin]

@Toby McElhinney curious what you think about Confucius ... I don't know particularly much about either Confucius or Hobbes but they sound very similar, philosophers who wrote about what the relationship between a state and its people should be during a time of turmoil, and concluded that both sides were meant to fulfill their ends of the bargain.

[Alarfin417]

I was born in Nogales AZ, so it was a huge surprise for me to hear Kraut himself talk about the little town... I've always thought it was interesting that it was split between two countries and shows the difference between Mexico and the US so clearly, so it was always surprising that literally no one I've talked to knows about it. Great video as always!

[lowleypeasent mr.l]

Do people move between them often?

[lowleypeasent mr.l]

Do people move between them often?

[imwastedhere]

I used to go there to go shopping I live in Mexico and crossing the border was like 10 minutes in car and like 15 walking

[imwastedhere]

@lowleypeasent mr.l yeah I used to we went to get groceries and clothing they were more cheaper in Nogales(AZ) we're talking here like 2010

[Alarfin417]

@lowleypeasent mr.l It's the main reason people live there. Businesses that move cargo between the US and Mexico use Nogales as the last stop on either side for registration and logistics related to the border crossing. Gas stations, insurance companies, tons of warehouses, offices, and mechanics are solely there for this business. Plus, a lot of local clothing vendors from Mexico buy American clothes due to the higher quality, so tons of Mexican business owners cross the border and shop at discount shops in Nogales AZ. Americans, on the other hand, go to Nogalez Sonora for cheap medicine or as a stop before hundreds of miles of Sonoran desert. Its one of the busiest border crossings between both countries (other than El Paso and Tijuana) mostly since companies use Nogales a lot for exports, and since its the most convenient crossing for people going to the north western part of Mexico or going to Arizona.

[Snoopie]

Every time I think about what Mexico could have been I always struggle to think of how it went wrong. As a Mexican it's hard to not see our revolution as more of a hypocrisy then the American one. To this day we still have yet to live up to most of the promises made by that revolution and the later revolution of the 20th century. This video perfectly shows why Mexico never was or is like the US and how comparing the two is like comparing two entirely different things. Mexico is not like the US, it's culture and society are fundamentally different. I could never say it since I never understood why, but these are the reasons we are not the US and they are the root of our problems.

[Honk Honk]

Yup. America thrives on giving massive amounts of power to the individual, and to prioritize the hyperlocal representation. Mexico is more like Canada imo. Its unwise to copy the US, rather it would be better to copy Singapore

[CT-7382 "Occam"]

@Honk Honk, yes, because Singapore is such a great example of how to build political institutions.

[MarcosElMalo2]

Don’t be disheartened by your history-Mexico’s future is bright. The culture is very old, but Mexican democracy is very new. Democratic institutions (actual institutions but also the processes and norms of democracy) are still young and need nurturing so they will grow. Rule of Law is just taking root. The economy is still in transition from agrarian to industrial and high tech. Mexico has great petroleum reserves, but doesn’t completely rely on the petro to drive the economy. But Mexico’s greatest resource is its people. It’s la gente that will drive Mexican prosperity. Don’t give yourself an inferiority complex by comparing yourself to the U.S. Los EEUU has its own problems, its own structural problems, and its own dark history. I don’t think the U.S. is in decline, but its road is quite bumpy right now. Mexico’s road also has bumps. Ni modo. The important thing is that, whatever happens in the rest of the world, Mexico is on the right track. If you look to your neighbor to the north for guidance, you will find lessons both from what they do wrong and what they do right, but ultimately Mexico will find its own way. Again I tell you, the future is bright for Mexico. And now a cynical joke to wipe away all of the above optimism. Maybe you’ve already heard it? When God made Mexico, he gave it fertile valleys, beautiful beaches, and majestic mountains filled with valuable minerals. He gave Mexico great forests and lush green jungles. The Angels came to him and said, “Is there a catch? You have given Mexico such an abundance that it doesn’t seem fair to the rest of the world. Surely you are planning something negative to provide a balance.” And God replied, “Yes, there is a catch. This beautiful and rich land I have created will be populated by Mexicans.”

[Ash]

@MarcosElMalo2 No tenemos democracia México es una oligarquía, estamos evolucionando para atras, la gente está más preocupada por los "progres" y por la gasolina como para hacer un cambio significativo, México no es y nunca ha sido principalmente agraria, desde hace ya como 30 años minimo, México es una industria manufacturera

[Ludvig mannerson]

As an economics student with a big interest in history I must say, I LOVE your videos! I have read “why nations failed” and when I recognized it in the beginning of the video I was immediately exited. You are a true genius when it comes to making interesting videos based on books that can be somewhat tedious at times. Thank you for all your hard work. I can’t wait until part 2!

[Pratik Gore]

You can read extensively about this in Why Nations Fail by Acemoglu and Robinson. Theory has more loopholes than you think

[Ref]

Wow! As a mexican, I can say that this video is extremely well made, huge props to everyone that helped in this video. No biases and no misinformation that is consistently told by history books. I am looking forward to watch Porfirio Díaz's and PRI's dictatorships in the next 2 videos.

[Diego Bruno Jiménez]

Si es cierto, estaría bueno; también de la revolución.

[MarcosElMalo2]

Yo también. I also hope he covers more of the Anglo’s genocide against the Indians. My thesis is that both the Spanish colonizers and the English colonizers engaged in genocide, but the characteristics were different. The Spanish tried to impose a cultural genocide in Mexico (that was never completed), whereas the English colonists and Americans engaged in a physical genocide (that was nearly complete). Furthermore, the racism took different forms. The weirdly intricate social stratification of the Casta system provided a basis for social mobility at the same time that it oppressed. Have a child with someone of higher racial caste, and you could improve the social standing of your child. That sounds very messed up until you compare it with the racism of the U.S. The child of a slave and a white was still a slave. The only good indian was a dead indian (a common saying well into the 20th Century). Neither the dead nor the enslaved had any chance of social mobility.

[MirZa]

Can we just appreciate how flawlessly he pronunces foreign language words in all of his videos?

[Kay Van]

He's a German, who speaks perfect british English.

[Adrián Duarte]

His R pronunciation is very very extremely similar to the Spanish R

[Caliba62]

@Adrián Duarte that's because the southern German/Austrian pronunciation of the R is extremely similar to the Spanish one :D

[Kshitiz Pokhrel]

The South Asian (ind and pak) video had bad pronunciations, which is alright considering he is from germany

[Cecilia]

The way he pronouncers war sounds weird but honestly can sound quite fine at times

[BasileusRex]

As a Salvadoran I would love to see your take on the federal republic of central america, please make that video 😭 I would literally pay to see it

[Macanaeh]

As a Russian, hearing the history of the newly independent at those times Mexico really gave me cold sweat, it's uncomfortably reminiscent of what we have been experiencing as a country since at least 1991

[Alexander Cortes]

Latin America was the first case of fail states, A tactic later use in the middle East but much more efficiently

[david gustafsson]

Since 1917

[Macanaeh]

@david gustafsson Since 1547 🤭

[david gustafsson]

@Macanaeh or since the vikings colonized rusland😅

[Oatmeal Lemons]

Only 26 minutes in and I've already learned infinitely more about the founding of my country than anything a school course ever taught me. Kudos to you man.

[Jimmy Rustles]

This guy is explaining our history through an Anglo American lense. We need to learn about our history through an Hispanic lense, not this pro-freedom stance that Westerners obsess over

[Dhjaru]

@Jimmy Rustles ok jimmy

[Jimmy Rustles]

@Dhjaru nikka look at your profile 😂

[Connor Murphy]

Small note at 46:41: New Spain (Mexico) was actually majority Indian up through its independence. The northern provinces were actually some of the most strongly Indian ones, because their remoteness dissuaded large numbers of settlers. Most southern provinces (Mexico, Veracruz, Puebla) also had strong Indian majorities because of the legacy of the large pre-contact population and the Indian population being the labor base of society. It was Jalisco and the provinces of the Bajio region that had the largest mixed populations before independence, due to a combination of open terrain and, according to some, somewhat smaller pre-contact populations. The northern areas did become home to European majorities as they modernized in the 1800s, while what happened to the southern areas is a bit more fuzzy, but some recent scholarship points to mestizaje often being more of a process of cultural assimilation rather than actual racial mixing. Anyways, the divide is still there today, north mexico is noticeably more European-descendant and the south is noticeably more Indian on average, although obviously everybody identifies as Mexican. The same is true of Peru, Ecuador, Bolivia, and even Colombia. They were all majority Indian up until independence (personally I found Colombia surprising when I found out, although it was about 50% Indian while the other countries were probably like 80%). Not sure about Brazil, Río de la Plata (Argentina, Paraguay and Uruguay) or Chile. What's interesting is that large parts of the current territory of those southern nations (Patagonia, southern Chile, Gran Chaco) was not penetrated by European-descendants until the 1800s, similar to the American West. Similar but smaller or less popularized frontiers existed in Central America and northern South America, but in jungles instead of deserts or steppes.

[Flávio Maia Zaccarias]

As a brazilian I really wanted a series of videos like that on my country. But noticing how similar our history is to the rest of latin america I just realized that Kraut will probably not want to make a video covering the same stuff again :(

[Armin Kuburas]

Who knows! Don't be down on yourself that much :) there is a lot of interesting history regarding Brazil that in many ways is unique to Brazil! Especially with the Portuguese aspect or the history of the Portuguese crown escaping to Brazil.

[Flávio Maia Zaccarias]

@Armin Kuburas That is unique indeed. This fact indeed put brazil history on a different path to spanish latin america. We can trace back to that the fact the portuguese america remained united, differently from spanish america

[seiji]

@Flávio Maia Zaccarias yet the troubles are basically, exactly the same, rich, noble wanna be landowners blocking progress at every turn because it fot in the way of their bottom line, if anything it shows that even if lets say, spanish south america was "the united provinces of south america", landowners would still have screwed everything up.

[MarcosElMalo2]

If you did a video series like this one but featuring Brazil, who would be the neighbor country to provide contrast? Argentina?

[Flávio Maia Zaccarias]

@MarcosElMalo2 Why would a contrasting country be necessary? It's perfectly fine to do one without. Argentina could be indeed, but I still think Brazil and Argentina have much more similarities than differences

[clementinesm]

I think this is one of the first pop history of this story that includes Texas that doesn’t immediately go to the newish, ahistorical, revisionists “hUr DuR sLaVeRy” as a reason for Texas independence and this overall picture of the history of Mexico basically requires that you acknowledge that it’s a revisionist perspective on history in order to tell everything else. I’m glad you’re making this and shedding even more light on the story of New Spain, Mexico, and its 19th century turmoils to give a broader picture of something not many people (especially in the Anglo sphere outside of the American border states) have any clue about.

[James Montigny]

As always, Kraut provides all of the important details glossed over in your history class. Nicely done.

[Ravignon]

We should get Nogales' Tourism Office to sponsor us.

[Jason Krasnopolskiy]

I definitely want to go to Nogales now and see what its like.

[Ravignon]

@Jason Krasnopolskiy Oh nice! Ask for tortillas sobaqueras. They're very big and very good. Legit, bring a friend if you want to eat anything with that. The wrapper's enormous lol.

[Ravignon]

@Chico Veinte Minutos ¡Jajaja, gracias! Ahí para cuando guste >;oooo Me agradó trabajar en este video. Y agárrense que vienen más.

[Tony Doe]

So are we all going on a trip to Nogales? Should I rent out the local hotel?

[RayADay]

This has me wanting to learn more! My husband @lilbipper found your videos not to long ago and we started watching this one together. I immediately subscribed. Wonderful content, to all who contributed incredible work! I enjoyed the illustrations, the detail and time it took to put this together. Great narration, It didn't even feel like it was a hour long. I am looking forward to hearing what else you have on your channel.

[Kyle Kirkpatrick]

I lit up like a Christmas tree when you mentioned the foundation of Scots-Irish culture in the states. All really well done, sir!

[Tralfazz74]

I know it's cliche to say this, but I really did learn more in this video than I ever have in a History Class

[Connor McLernon]

So Hobbes writings were influenced by the chaos going on around him, and in an age of turbulence, he sought out stability above all else?

[Tim Teichmann]

Yes so we learned in ethics about Hobbes Ideologie. He wanted a society contract with strict rules to have peace and stability. Kinda facial tho'...

[Michael Silver]

Yeah. He just misjudged what the cost of that stability would be. Also the consolidation of power that was put in place to uphold stability ended up in part causing instability in practice.

[Inna Crisis]

Good psychoanalysis, it seems he did. Although the irony there is that in practice, there's no guarantee of stability even with his so-called " leviathan", as stability at the individual level under a totalitarian state depends on the interests of that state. If the leviathan decides to take all of your hard-earned possessions, who are you to disagree? This can (and almost invariably does) create instability in the form of a state vs society conflict (versus the society vs society conflict that Hobbes was familiar with) if the state's ideals fail to align with the ideals and expectations of the citizens beneath it.

[MarcosElMalo2]

Security more than stability, if you care to make the distinction.

[Harrison / Cherry Turnipseed]

29:50 “a society is only worth as much as its laws are worth” I live in the US, and I agree wholeheartedly, I will add that the implementation and consequence of the law and its executors is a fantastic measure of worth. The US has some good and fair laws, often implemented and executed upon in unfortunate ways. The executors of these laws often have different consensus on the meaning of the laws. And most importantly, the public and their powerful counterparts misunderstand the purpose of law and order altogether.

[Concept 🏳️‍⚧️]

Russia: "And then our history went from bad to worse." Mexico: *"observe."*

[Pancho Lopez]

Also Mexico: And that's just the first 100 years after independence.

[Concept 🏳️‍⚧️]

@Pancho Lopez Yeah... _yeah._

[Kieth Hammer]

Russian History according to kraut:400+ years of subsidized alcoholism

[Concept 🏳️‍⚧️]

@Kieth Hammer This is true.

[specter15]

@Pancho Lopez what do you expect a newly independent country got taken advantage by a country which was 100 years ahead of it

[Nasty Nate]

This guys work is painfully unacknowledged. Thanks, Kraut!

[MTS]

One of, if not the best, multi-discipline analysis of Mexican history that I've seen. Detail, relatability, wit, and modern insights -- not an easy balance. Bravo señor

[Jack Shannon]

The way you present history is so informative, entertaining and challenging. I went through 4 years of school completely apathetic because of the snide and race-obsessed manner it was presented. Thanks so much for reviving my love for studying history.

[Brian Darnell]

This needs to be spread to the highest order of education. Kraut's videos need to become standardized education material.

[UltraMiguel23]

56:31 Please do a video on this. As a Central American from Honduras I would be very thankful as our region's complex history is often ignored. This is the first time I see an english speaking video referencing Morazán.

[TheOneGuy1111]

The Wild West: Started by Mexico, adopted by the United States, and portrayed by Italy.

[Gabriel Montoya]

Spaghetti westerns are solid films

[Mr. Bao]

@Gabriel Montoya Spaghetti westerns are better than classic westerns, don't change my mind. Just look at the modern westerns, they are all spaghetti westerns.

[Terry Pennington]

I don't like Spaghetti. I'm talking about the food of course, I really just don't care for Spaghetti. Just thought the internet should know that.

[Perros y Gatos Shop]

And filmed in Spain

[Count Binface Global President for #2024]

@Terry Pennington hmm big ears

[mihu]

I'd love to watch a series on my home country Brazil, or at least the south american countries in general, to draw a parallel with what is displayed in brazilian schools

[GunCore]

Okay, so I'm about an hour into this and I just need to get this off my chest. I've been on a Kraut binge for a few days whenever I have time and it's just fantastic. The way in which you contextualize the subject matters of your videos is nothing short of brilliant. Bravo!

[olandesevolante]

Thanks Kraut! You literally saved my History exam of today. I wouldn’t know how i would have had to study and memorize the info about the topics without this video. I took a mark of 25 out of 30 (Italian university mark system)

[BizKwikTwist]

This is probably one of the greatest history type videos I have ever watched. Thank you so much for this.

[Sebastian Arena]

I just wanna take a moment to appreciate, 46:55 Is both an absolutely wholesome image, and a great image to describe "family values" and "tradition", the kid already wearing the hat of his father, as symbolism of he inheriting the values of his dad.

[Xtensioncord TV]

Kraut pulled a Lemmino and went from memes to television tier documentaries.

[zed]

Emplemon did a similar thing, going from YTPS to analysis videos and hour long documentaries

[ypsilon]

I remember the sometimes questionable old videos.

[Aleks Vos]

@ypsilon there was a redemption arc afterwards, but still this dude is complicated to say the least😏

[Twiggy]

@Aleks Vos you talking about RageAfterStorm?

[MeowTheRainbowX]

All that feuding with the alt-right was an exhilarating bit of drama before it became tiresome. His videos weren’t perfect, but the white nationalists poked fun at him accidentally applying a point about pregnancy in r-type species to a fish and thought they automatically won. I thought I was taking crazy pills when people kept saying that those nut jobs were winning the debates.

[Walt Middy]

Beautifully produced, enormously entertaining and educational. Good show!

[Justin Hall]

I grew up on the US Mexican border and know first hand of what you speak. By the time I was in my late teens and equipped with a good understanding of world history I came to much the same conclusions on the topic as you. Thank you for providing it in such a concise video format.

[Evert Keller]

This is a great topic for one of your in-depth investigative series. You might look a the predatory relationship the oil industry has with the Texas/Mexico border region, and how it ties into a lot of the persistent inequities there. There's a myth in the lonestar state of striking oil and getting rich easy, and people take advantage of it, big time.

[TheAssassin622]

The fact your videos get demonetized is absolutely ridiculous. Of all the information and academic commentators on KZbin you truly stand as one of the best at balancing entertainment and substance. Props to you 🎉💜

[A K]

This series is a masterpiece. Please continue making these longer videos!

[veiga1000]

It took a German to teach me some american history that 12 years in public school failed to teach me.

[Thatoneguy]

Reminds me of Django.

[Retotion]

Is he just ethnically German because he sounds pretty English

[LOOKatTHEstateOFyourKNEESlad]

@Retotion austria

[deleeson]

The US education system is meant to indoctrinate into believing capitalism is the only the world economy should run. It does a pretty good job of it considering that you are probably coming up with many different excuses to defend capitalism as you read this comment.

[Retotion]

@deleeson All command economies end in failure and despotism, go away

[President Zeus]

5:51 My jaw dropped real hard. Amazing buildup, and the irony in the conclusion was funny af, but felt sadistic in retrospect. Claps from me

[jack lau]

What I love about this video is not only the factual neutral stance it takes explaining factors and systems paired with Easter eggs that resonate with us and are familiar to us. From the 40k, LOTR, and Bane. It's a smart thing yet great for telling the story.

[Reaper King]

I have watched this series three times now. This is my favorite of your video series. You remain for the most part unbiased in the telling of Americas and Mexico story and in doing so all this video has done is make me apreciate both cultures even more. Cheers from the USA and love to our Nieghbors down south.

[Stephen Hess]

These videos are always amazing! So much work must go into them but they're fully enjoyed and appreciated!

[Swagpuss McG]

you should do a similar video on Newry and Dundalk on either side of the Irish border, it has a very interesting history of border inequality too :)

[August Green]

"This is Nogales. This is also Nogales. This is the entire history of Mexican politics."

[a dude on the interweb]

well that is what the video was about, the Nogales analogy was only a way to show the differences in societies.

[SpywareEverywhere]

I used to live there! It wasn't so bad back in the day.

[LordDarthHarry]

@SpywareEverywhere But did you live in Nogales or Nogales?

[Redan Dinata]

@LordDarthHarry Yes

[Pierre Sihite]

@LordDarthHarry Aladeen

[Toastymane]

What a great video, can't wait for the next 2 parts and the more to come in the future! (also props to the artists involved they did an amazing job)

[Lucas Martins dos Santos Corrêa da Costa]

This is absolutely brilliant. Stellar video, perfect structure, kick ass videos, amazing work

[Don Benjamin]

The history of Latinoamérica is actually very interesting. It show how a society could go from poor to rich and poor again :)

[raul maximo]

Kraut, thanks for making this an hour type video!

[vankyre]

Not sure if this was mentioned before, but much of the info here is from the book Why Nations Fail written by Acemoglu and Robinson. Great read and provides a lot of historical context on why many nations are struggling with instability.

[Spazzo Hawk]

This is like a slightly late Christmas present.

[IceFl4re]

This is a New Year's Eve present.

[f]

this is a gift from the gods

[HRV]

5 days « slightly »

[Tom]

Both a Christmas and New Years' present 🎁.

[Russian Bot]

This is a video

[Daniel Baker]

Can I be absolutely honest? I miss Brain4Breakfast’s videos so much, and watching yours made me so happy because the videos categories are so similar and I really appreciate it. RIP brain4breakfast :(

[Caliba62]

6:35-7:35 This is the minute... the ONE minute that makes shivers run down my spine every single time - and puts every achievement into perspective... just the thought that, were we born in a different location, or a different time, all our talents, all our ambition, all our determination could be null and void due to the ruling system is very humbling.

[MarcosElMalo2]

Not null and void. There’s a strong argument that your talents and ambition would reach their fullest potential. Most probably your qualities would be channeled in different ways, or that you’d develop other talents, or that you’d try to emigrate to somewhere else. We are extremely adaptable. I hope that your trajectory towards maximal happiness is smooth and ever ascending, but if you should suffer serious setbacks or unforeseen circumstances, always remember that you are of flexible mind and adaptable to meet any situation. You are never null and void while you can draw a breath, not ever. 😊

[Caliba62]

​@MarcosElMalo2 there's no doubt that humans can adapt to a myriad of various circumstances... however, when you talk about "serious setbacks or unforeseen circumstances" I certainly believe you're talking about things like financial hardships, a messy breakup, maybe impulsively committing a crime and being convicted for it... But what I also like to be seen included in my statement are things like being captured and sold into slavery, being killed or imprisoned simply for your mere ethnicity, religion, or political affiliation, randomly being chosen as a human sacrifice, being tortured and left crippled for the rest of your life for being in the wrong place at the wrong time and some inquisitor thought there was something up with you, being legally or socially bound to or restricted from certain occupations (e.g. Jews in the Middle Ages who were forbidden to own land or manufacture things), places to inhabitate etc. These are things you cannot just "adapt to" as most of them include physical restrictions for the rest of or rightout ending your life. It's an appealing straw to hold on to to believe you can just go on and work in the system regardless, but there are circumstances that are final to the individual and can only be resolved by outside influence or system collapse.

[Dave]

Your videos are incredibly well done and informative

[Default Koala]

Great video, at 18:28 you mention that most north American Indians lived in stateless societies. This is mostly accurate to the time or European colonization as much of the population had died off due to disease spread through the spanish colonies by this point. There is historical and archelogical evidence for some cultures of Indians having similar (if less populated) levels of civilization to southern or central American nations before this point but they broke down due to large population decline.

[AssOnAPlate187]

I was going to comment on this. I don't know if he was aware, but millions of Indigenous peoples had already died from disease by that time. The English settlers we basically landing in the ashes of numerous civilizations. The Apache tribes that resisted the Spanish were already just a small band of survivors after massive of waves of death had swept their lands.

[Scubbie]

Super well done, love how you make it even simpler to understand with these countryballs, absouloutly subscribing and watching your other videos!

[Red Herring]

Handy Dandy Timestamps Chapter 1 - 7:42 Chapter 2 - 26:32 Chapter 3 - 35:35 Chapter 4 - 47:55

[Tooot Dooot]

Very weird time

[kartupelu_pankukas_lkberzi]

How did you make timestamps?

[a dude on the interweb]

@kartupelu_pankukas_lkberzi you just put numbers with " : " in between in this format ##:##. like 1:24 , 4:56 etc

[Red Herring]

@a dude on the interweb What he said :)

[kartupelu_pankukas_lkberzi]

@a dude on the interweb oh well thx, like this? 4:08

[Νικόλαος Γεώργιος Ιωαννίδης]

From someone who studies political sciense and geopolitics in the university you deserve waaaay more subs.

[Vanessa Acosta Hernández]

i love being mexican, it feels like this country was not meant to be, and yet, it is

[christian c]

glad you mentioned the regional divide in mexico, my family is from northern mexico and our traditions/history is quite different from the rest of the country

[SixtenD]

Whatever the genre name of these animated informative docs that you make is. This is the best one I've seen. Extremely insightful and with great narrative structure. Thank you for making it!

[WithoutWarning]

Genre would probably be polandball

[Me Neither]

I'm just so happy that there are channel like kraut or CallMeEzekiel to keep countryball history alive.

[Cliff Cardi]

Afghanistan: I am so unstable. Mexico: Sostén mi cerveza.

[Medium D Speaks]

Aguanta*

[geordy vladimer]

Tenga*

[Daniel Svedberg]

“Bra my beer”

[Cloud M GV]

Mexico: Sostén mi pulque

[Trayvon]

Learning about the unfair disadvantages of my fellow North American's, and this example really puts it into perspective.

[Spencer]

Many good chuckles were had from this video. Dude, you deserve a million plus subscribers, and thank you for being the perfect mix of adult swim, and the original rhetorical format of the history channel. Albeit, with a much greater emphasis on entertainment.

[wusangfu]

You make such impactful videos. You always surprise me (pleasantly) when you slowly build up to your points. The music and your cadence leading up to around 7:21 - beautiful. Thank you for making these videos.

[sonicshaman]

awesome work as always kraut. and the most awesome thing about your videos is, that you do a huge job for more peace in the world by explaining that the reason for the gap in wealth between all of us people is not the difference of intelligence or worth between races (because there is no difference) , but historical events and greed among people of all human races!

[SOS2]

Hi kraut! I've been following politics for a while now, but there's one stand out nation that I noticed that always seems to be ahead of all of it's neighbours. Finland, I've been keeping a close eye to finland recently and iam honestly shocked at how genius the country is at planning ahead. I know you won't probably see this but, if you somehow do. you should check it out, it's fascinating how smart they are over there, love from the UK:).

[Brendan O'Brien]

Man, this channel is CRIMINALLY underrated

[Tora Hibiki]

@blank blank explain pls?

[Aimar Esain]

@Tora Hibiki their first videos are about alt right and KZbin doesnt like political videos

[pascal ausensi]

​@Tora Hibiki Kraut was a pretty prominent member of the 'skeptic community' back in the day (2016). Idk what the left may have thought about him, and so can't really say anything about his reputation, but I remember him as being among the more rational and logical of the skeptics, by no means a nazi or alt-righter. Not to mention that he eventually changed his focus from criticizing Islam and SJWs to attacking the alt-right (those videos are still up). He eventually left KZbin for a while after some drama involving a discord server, I think. I don't recall. You can probably find something about that if you google him, or something.

[Tora Hibiki]

@pascal ausensi I believe he did say on one of his videos. That he was fiercely anti communists and more conservative but in no way did he embrace tyranny to own libs. Like most far right wing fanatics. Or at least that how I've always seen it. The man does subper geopolitics videos that both in depth and easy to understand. Something which I very much enjoy. Love history and as such can't hate the man.

[Bobby Bee]

In this case you just be correct about geography but areas with waterways have traditionally been better settlements than landlocked one's. Still this town seems like a great case study and I'm looking forward to this series.

[Juan Antonio Díaz]

Watched the documentary for the third time. I think I'll never get bored with it 😋

[nevetS]

26:06 this made me more proud to be an American than I've felt for awhile.

[Sonamyfan875]

I think he might still be mad at Sargon.

[Eldritch Lemon]

This was very informational and interesting. It is quite nice that every place is defined by its flag. That keep every character straight and whats happening to who. Just using names gets confusing. Very well made.

[Chloe Smith]

Awesome video! Thank you for creating such a great content!

[Zeph Lodwick]

Mexican history can be summed-up by the phrase: And somehow, once again, things got even worse.

[Xerxesjc28]

I got a better one, Poor Mexico, so far from God and so close to the United States!-Porfirio Díaz

[James Peach]

@Xerxesjc28 I was about to say that. So true.

[Nitroon]

As someone else also pointed out in the comment section. Mexico is basically Spain without S

[Jose Romero]

As a mexican who studied economics I have to say that is not correct. In 1910 almost 95% of the population was on extreme poverty, outside of monetary economy, a little middle class and a tiny upper class. Now almost 60% of the population is still poor, and extreme poverty still affects around 12% of the population... still very bad but better than before. The level of income stagnated since the 80´s and there are a lot of problems, but again not as bad as before.

[Eric Sanchez]

Hey Kraut! loved your video! :D I'm happy to see that you find mexican history! I am going to recommened you a movie called "La ley de Herodes" Herod's Law in english., you see a lot of that political culture. I bet you'll like it! cant wait for your future videos!

[Danic C.]

As a Latino person, I find this whole history fascinating to see. It really gives you a perspective about why the Western Hemisphere is the way that it is. Thanks for covering it, Kraut.

[Saibata]

Holy cow you’re content is amazing. The depth and bursting amount of research and info is incredible and intriguing and I admire you’re concise and refined explanation. Thank you. You are amazing.

[TheJokeKing33]

I have to say, chapter 2 about the leviathan was incredibly interesting to listen to!

[Vicman Andman]

Hey Kraut, I know that after the sea of comments that you receive per video, I can not expect you to read this individual comment, but I still feel force to express my gratitude for every single one of your videos which explain the historic links to systemic dysfunctionalities existent in different regions at a global scale. It is insane to me to see how much knowledge it is presented in every single one of your videos and I must admit that it shapes a lot of my views when it comes to political systems and institutions in general. Thank you very much for helping me understand in a relatively detailed manner the historic reasons behind the existing structures of power and also helping me reinforce a commitment to help change said structures when it comes to their lack of function. I hope that you keep doing that amazing work, because, as little as it might be compared to the great scheme of themes, it still makes a tremendous difference at an individual level. I also thank all those incredible artist which support your narrations making them not only interesting and entertaining to watch, but also hooking me up in a way that I can not stop wanting to see them. Please do not stop producing this amazing material, because without a doubt, it is the reason that makes KZbin worth existing.

[Knightshade]

One thing that you forgot is how Cortez actually got help from the ethnic minorities and lesser vassals of the Aztec empire, for everyone *hated* the Aztecs.

[Rapton Soul]

People don’t like taxes

[The Moose]

@Rapton Soul especially when those taxes are payed with human sacrifices

[wazzupdj98 d]

Makes sense. Kind of reminds me how the british managed to take control of all of india; largely by hijacking the local power structures and conflicts to divide and conquer.

[Dralon]

Well just lesser vassals, both Mexica and Tlaxcalteca people were Aztec :) so, no ethnic minorities

[Knightshade]

@Dralon Really? I thought that they were considered their own ethnicities.

[Henry Yen]

Can't wait for the next part! So interesting!

[Pathos of Mine]

An incredibly well done countryball documentary! I almost thought brain4breakfast was brought back to life for a second (may he rest in peace, though)

[Branerz]

One of the best videos ive ever seen on this site. Amazing job to you and your (presumably) team! keep up the good work.

[Marvin Stenersen]

This was beautiful. You took the brilliant why nations fail, incorporated it against a genius backdrop of history and colonisation with marvelous pictures to boot to give in but 1 hour a new perspective on economic development and history. Truly brilliant! 👏

[Stone Edge]

Bookmarks 00:00 2 Nogales 7:30 Spanish Occupation of the Arawak and Aztecs abt 16th century(conquistador) 15:30 Spanish and Portuguese Advantage in the Caribbean

[Eduardo Iván Alonso Guzmán]

As a Mexican I really love this content and I wish more people could see it

[ry]

Same thing here, I hope more english-speaking mexicans watch this video and learn more about our history, rather than the fake version the school textbooks give us.

[Eduardo Iván Alonso Guzmán]

@ry I agree with you, the mexican Textbooks are no more than propaganda

[Anselmo 2]

@Eduardo Iván Alonso Guzmán EXACTLY And it's not even a secret, it's a open secret among all Mexicans how shitty the government is, and how futile it is to try to fix it. Even judging it or mentioning corruption in media or public recording is enough to wake up in a bag and the news to report "A death under mysterious circumstances" It's fucking scary to be a law-abiding citizen here in Mexico

[Tooot Dooot]

Oh what world where we a 2 view of a country

[deleeson]

​@Eduardo Iván Alonso Guzmán How do the Mexican textbooks frame history, if you don't mind me asking?

[Sebastian Mocanu]

I have now seen 5 videos from you and I can say they are amazingly detailed and I love them through and through :)

[Brett Berger]

Im not sure if it is somewhere here in the comments, but when you had mentioned the Scottish in the Appalachians, I recalled that the mountain range on the Eastern Seaboard was at one point the same mountain range in Scotland, (once removed). This too was a big reason why the Scot-Irish settled in places like Tennessee and Virginia. I believe it suited them and made them really feel at home/