The Mind Bending Prediction of Relativity: Time Dilation

What is Time Dilation? Does time really slow down for moving observers? How can we obtain it's formula?
The Second postulate of relativity which states that the speed of light in vacuum is a constant for all inertial observers, also has a consequence that different inertial observers in relative motion will measure the time period between the same objects to be different.
A clock in motion (with speeds comparable to the speed of light) will tick slowly compared for an observer at rest, as compared to a moving observer. This is time dilation. In this video I talk about this concept of time dilation, and also obtain the Time Dilation formula using the equations of Lorentz transformations.
00:00 What is Time Dilation?
04:22 Time Dilation formula (Derivation)
13:40 Conclusions
#SpecialTheoryofRelativity #STR
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PLAYLIST ON Special Theory of Relativity
• Special Theory of Rela...
-----------------------------------------------------
1. History of Special Relativity ► • History of Special Rel...
2. Michelson Morley Experiment ► • Michelson Morley Exper...
3. Special Theory of Relativity ► • Special Theory of Rela...
4. Time Dilation (Thought Exp) ► • What is Time Dilation?...
5. Length Contraction (Thought Exp) ► • What is Length Contrac...
6. Lorentz Transormations ► • Derive Lorentz Transfo...
7. Relativity of Simultaneity ► • Relativity of Simultan...
8. Can you prove E=MC² ► • Can you PROVE the most...
-----------------------------------------------------
9. Special Theory of Relativity ► • Special Theory of Rela...
10. Length Contraction ► • Length Contraction (Sp...
11. Length Contraction of Inclined Rod ► • Length Contraction (& ...
12. Time Dilation ► • The Mind Bending Predi...
13. Muon Decay Experiment ► • The Mind-Blowing Proof...
14. Relativistic Velocity Transformations ► • Derivation of Relativi...
15. Speed of light in moving medium ► • Speed of Light in a mo...
16. Relativistic Doppler Effect ► • What is Relativistic D...
17. Relativistic Mass? ► • What is Relativistic m...
18. Relativistic Kinetic Energy ► • Relativistic Kinetic E...
19. Relativistic Force ► • Relativistic Force
20. Relativistic Energy & Momentum ► • Relativistic Energy an...
21. Magnetism arises from Relativity ► • The Hidden Connection ...
22. GATE Physics question ► • GATE Physics: Problem ...
23. TIFR Physics question ► • TIFR Physics: Problem ...
24. Question on Volume contraction ► • Volume Contraction in ...
25. JEST Physics question ► • JEST Physics: Solving ...
26. NET Physics question ► • CSIR-NET Physics Probl...
27. Spacetime Invariant Interval ► • SPACETIME Interval & i...
28. Minkowski Spacetime ► • Minkowski SPACETIME, H...
29. Eucledian Space & Minkowski Spacetime ► • 5 Main Differences b/w...
30. Spacetime Diagrams ► • Time Dilation, Length ...
31. Four Vectors in Relativity ► • What are FOUR VECTORS ...
32. Doppler Effect using 4-vectors ► • How to use 4 VECTORS t...
33. Compton Effect using 4-vectors ► • How to prove Compton e...
34. Particle Decay using 4-vectors ► • Particle Decay in Rela...
35. (SHORTS) Does Light experience time ► • Does light photon expe...
36. (SHORTS) Light for moving observer ► • What is the speed of L...
37. (SHORTS) Nothing can travel faster than light ► • Why nothing can travel...
38. (SHORTS) What is farther away ► • What is farther away, ...

[@FortheLoveofPhysics]

Muon Decay Experiment (Experimental proof of time dilation) ► kzbin.info/www/bejne/mF7GlX55jr1okKM

[@williamwalker39]

Please see my argument below. If Relativity is an optical illusion and speeds greater than c are possible, then muons traveling faster than light above the earth can account for why they are able to reach the earth.

[@philophysics7423]

This is so well done. Good job and thanks for the help!!! 🙏🏼

[@noelwass4738]

This is a nice explanation using the inverse Lorentz transformation. This is a good explanation to get to the result quickly.

[@unkownuser1042]

No words...just wow...sir u have explained it effortlessly...

[@AbuSous2000PR]

Thanks!

[@kidslearningbymadhankarthi6114]

Very simple explanation...!!! easy to understand

[@zuofranklin9977]

This is great. You're the best Sir

[@KhaledRadwan-ku2bh]

Please go for statistical mechanics the same way you are going through special relativity. You're so damn good.

[@ritankardas9404]

Great Video Sir. Thank You. :)

[@frankmccoy2305]

Thanks you are doing a great service with these presentations. Relativity in general is difficult and one sees many intelligent people who can not explain or teach it.. Please keep up the great work. We need educators like you who can explain this theory. Try to explain ideas simply at first in words as to the major principals. Sometime just giving and explaining the two main postulates and what that means for how our brains needs to change its look at time and space. Then of course you can go into evidence and math. All math does not work or we should say will cause only math persons wo watch these videos. But with a good prelude in just words (with diagrams perhaps) will allow people to see the "big picture" and get the ideas into their head.

[@KarnojitMondal]

Amazing explanation sir... Carry on 👍

[@emilyli5179]

Sir I love your videos. Very well explained. Could you do a playlist of videos explaining Electricity and Magnetism when you have time? Thank you

[@rationalbelief4451]

Best phyiscs channel in indian subcontinent

[@sakhiali4751]

Amazing sir i love the way you teach sir

[@vishanthadkeias8437]

I really love this video ❤

[@chittojiramesh5761]

THANKS FOR THE MEMORABLE EXPLAINATIN... :)

[@rajkumardas9737]

Thank you Sir ❤

[@The_Spy__]

Finally i found ur insta id and i immediately started following you.. thank you for the video

[@priyankabhuria4524]

What is the username?

[@The_Spy__]

@@priyankabhuria4524 dj09das

[@Mnemonic-X]

Take your time. STR is a stupid theory, just like Einstein and Lorentz.

[@Consa_Lu]

​@@Mnemonic-X alright do better then lol

[@blissfulbeing4441]

Completely understand sir🥰

[@SaurabhKumar-eo1wk]

Interesting Thanks you sir

[@kanak8711]

This is just wow

[@abdelrahmanelbatran1164]

thank you very much

[@sudh_nshu]

Really love your lecture sir....❤

[@Mnemonic-X]

STR is full bullshit.

[@m.k.barathdass]

Awesome ❤ sir

[@user-rg5qr6zn9m]

Thank you very much

[@michaelccopelandsr7120]

Time is fascinating. I worked the subway stations for nearly 10 years. From one end of the city to the other. Every so often I would notice the city would be saying that, "Today just flew by" or "The day was just dragging along." How can an entire city, with no interaction with each other until they used the subway, complain about the same time paradox unless it was effected by it? Maybe a time distorted bubble the earth passes through in its revolution around the sun. Maybe random waves of time distortion hitting the earth? Maybe they're given off by the sun. Maybe they're from outside our Terran system and reach us in intervals. ???? Ti-i-i-ime, is on my side. Yes, it is

[@phurkitshipmoo8137]

Thank you sir........🙏🙏

[@ratankumar4978]

Can you please share the write up/ notes of your lectures? It could be immensely beneficial.

[@manojparida376]

Please make a video on propagation of electromagnetic waves through different media sir

[@therash09]

Good lecture, but I wish you had explained the physical visualization of Time Dilation and Length Contraction before moving to Mathematics.

[@timefactortheoryofgravitya7578]

General Relativity as you never imagined it: kzbin.info/www/bejne/e6WqdHqwZZyGaZo

[@radha94]

I have a question Is ground consider as non inertial frame of reference and falling frame consider as inertial frame of reference ?? In general relativity???why do they fix inertial frame as falling frame? What is the reason for that? Could you please answer my questions

[@pepsway]

Sir can u plz make the video for the generalised form of Lorentz transformation..

[@new-knowledge8040]

Or, you can create a simple geometric representation of the ongoing motion that takes place within Space-Time, and from this simple geometric representation of motion, you can derive the Length contraction equation, the Time dilation equation, the Velocity addition equation, and the Lorentz transformation equations, and complete this task in mere minutes. All you have to do is combine motion vectors and length scalars to represent the motion of an object that is in motion within space-time, and boom, you now have the tool you need to derive ALL the equations.

[@rafeequetarafe1331]

Nice. Gentleman

[@AbuSous2000PR]

i watched several videos in ur playlist... and u provided me exactly what i am looking for all others they just repeat what text book provides... and rarely they dive into the details i am not a student.. i am retired engineer.. i am just little more curious than the average person who seeks knowledge about the fundamentals cheers from Palestine periodically i will be sending my $s Don't spend it in one place🤗 cheers

[@Musiclover5258]

Makes two of us retirees pursuing finer things in life🙂

[@LeoTaxilFrance]

@@Musiclover5258 Makes three of us...Withount serious mental activity we risk to loose our senses.

[@Musiclover5258]

@@LeoTaxilFrance 👍👍

[@tuhindas9777]

sir mass enegy conservation pe video dijiye aur tensor from me relativity ka bhi

[@HimanshuSharma-xn6uc]

Sir can you help to solve kleppner and kolenkov mechanics book question 11.4

[@PhilokseniaPsyhi]

Sir , can v conclude that this concept time dilation could be the reason for why time seems to be slower in space when compared to earth??

[@ugursoydan8187]

what a GREAT video!!! Thanks for your work a lot. You explained very well. thanks thound times!!! 👏 👏

[@Mnemonic-X]

But STR is full bullshit.

[@ugursoydan8187]

@@Mnemonic-X are you serious? This is an excellent and very important theory and this is proved in I think a year like 1971 by an atomic clock.And this theory is obtained by only using mathematics and very interesting and amazing theory.

[@Mnemonic-X]

@@ugursoydan8187 No. You're wrong. This theory can't be proved ever. Because it contradicts not only logic, but itself. If you have two clocks and each of them shows time 00 : 00, then after a while only one of them shows time more than the other. And of course it can't be relative, it's absolute.

[@ugursoydan8187]

@@Mnemonic-X yes, they're absolute in their own frame of referance. But when we compare them, that's where the concept "relative" comes to the event. And we can prove it very easily with basic algebra. It does not contradict with itself.I think you couldn't understand it very well. I recommend you to watch the videos of this channel "for the love of physics". Also I recommend you to watch also the KZbin channel of "Fermilab" Don Lincoln explains well

[@Mnemonic-X]

@@ugursoydan8187 Special relativity unavoidably requires that A gets old more slowly than B and B more slowly than A - which it requires no super-intelligence to see is impossible. So we see that the STR is absolutely stupid theory.😊 I've already watched Don Lincoln's explanations. They are absolutely stupid.

[@prvnphy9097]

you are far better than who are using graphics to explain.. your explantation is damn smooth and precise. wlater lewin sir: they will make you ♥️ physics divyajotidas sir: for the ♥️ of physics

[@mtech9339]

Pls tell If C=V TO KYA TIME INFINITY HOGA ? YA ONLY V = C HOGA tbi Time infinity hoga

[@shivammishra6624]

Dj ,is your favourite shirt ?

[@rishiawasthi4743]

Sir plz make vds space time crystal plz....🙂🙂

[@michaelccopelandsr7120]

My idea so I get to name it! What I mean is, no one has claimed it so I'm officially calling, "dibs." Voyager 1 is now in Milky Way's interstellar time or "Mikey's Time." "V-ger's" message has sped up now that it's outside our suns time bubble or, "Terran Time." It will be faster still when "V-ger" sends a message from beyond the Milky Way's time bubble. (That name is still up for grabs.) Then there's Outside the Local Group time bubble, so on and so on until we get to the, "True Interstellar Time Standard." Now that "V-ger" is in interstellar space, it's also in the Milky Way's STANDARD, faster moving, interstellar time or "Mikey's Time." This can be proven by turning off everything except its clock and transmitter. Have "V-ger" read time for as long as possible. They WILL show the flow of time speeds up the further away you get from any celestial bodies. Until you reach the Milky Way's time standard or "Mikey's Time." •Our sun's time bubble: "Terran Time" we know and have measured. •Milky Way's time bubble or "Mikey's Time." The rate/flow of TIME outside any influence but within the Milky Way: We just got there and are still figuring. Wild guess I'd say time will increase in speed, now and until V-ger is outside the Ort cloud .007-.07% faster, maybe. Just for reference. •Local Group's time bubble or the rate/flow of time outside of any influence but within the Local Group: Name still open and unknown. Wild guess .08% to a couple seconds faster, maybe. Used just for reference. •Outside any influence in the, "True Interstellar Time Standard," or...;-P Name NOT up for grabs BUT just begging to be measured. The rate/flow of time is fastest here. (Time flows fastest here so it's best to have your motor boat.) ;-P A minute is a minute in all. It's the rate/flow I'm talking about. The Milky Way's Interstellar Time Standard will be known as, "Mikey's Time." Pass it on, please and thank you

[@aaryaaar6675]

What if it is measured using atomic clocks

[@dwijitsharma9704]

Sir inside the black hole whose escape velocity is greater than light i.e light cannot escape how time works in that region or for tachyon particles

[@FortheLoveofPhysics]

Inside event horizon, time axis is always directed towards the Blackhole singularity. So no matter how high the velocity, the "future" of all particles lie inside the Blackhole

[@dwijitsharma9704]

@@FortheLoveofPhysics Thanks sir

[@Kenoask]

*My English is not good* Sir, How dt is less than dt' because Lab frame is also moving at the speed of V, relative to the moving frame. So lab Frame time also dilated relative to the moving frame. so which one is really getting slower. There both frames are moving relative to each others. so both has to be dilated at the same time.

[@HimanshuSharma-xn6uc]

No bud the dt frame at rest the frame dt' is moving with velocity v because dt' is multiplied by gamma it's time become slower than dt frame person (observers)

[@Kenoask]

@@HimanshuSharma-xn6uc No if I Said dt' is not moving and dt is moving , how you disproved it ??? because velocity is relative. so dt' is moving in respect to dt, but dt is also moving at velocity V in respect to dt'.

[@i2keepitrealInreseach]

​@@Kenoask you should have another inertial frame from which you observe these two motions...

[@DC-zi6se]

Can you imagine that just to compensate for the constancy of c. The fundamental things like length and time change their behaviour. 🥴😵‍💫🤯

[@rajupadhyay_IITMadras]

Ye concept, physics mein interest lane ka kam karte h...

[@MuhammadIsmail-gx9ko]

After this which subject u will start Sir plz response me

[@FortheLoveofPhysics]

QM, possibly

[@radha94]

@@FortheLoveofPhysics I have a question Is ground consider as non inertial frame of reference and falling frame consider as inertial frame of reference ?? In general relativity???what is the reason for fixing in that way? Could you please answer my questions

[@souravrana3585]

❤

[@neerajchauhan2681]

Sir I understood everything expect the fact that why are you using Lorentz Transformations in Length contraction and Inverse L.T. in time dilation?? . 😶

[@FortheLoveofPhysics]

It goes back to (i) in length contraction, both end points of rod must be measured at the same instant by observer in relative motion. LT equations help cancel out the those "time coordinates" (ii) in time dilation, clock must be at rest wrt moving frame, so "space coordinates" of moving frame must cancel out, so its helpful to use inverse LT It's a matter of convenience of obtaining formula from shortest way. Both approach are correct 🙂

[@neerajchauhan2681]

@@FortheLoveofPhysics It's bit mind boggling. Thank you for the explanation, Sir. 😁

[@salonisharma1593]

😊

[@mahesh_gupta1]

Brother, Length Contraction and Time dilation effects have never occurred in nature. Wait for my research paper.

[@subhrajyotichatterjee9158]

Mahesh Gupta did you ever see Rajdani express Rail passing with full velocity from a platform , if you have ever seen that then can you let me know what was the actual length of that train?

[@Trustallah59]

Why light travel in straight line in both Earth and out of Earth ?

[@philophysics7423]

I think it’s the same as the law of inertia. Light travels in a straight line until acted upon by an outside force.

[@jaysalbhatt2501]

If time slows down for the clock means it's velocity slows down as well

[@lalsenarath]

What if alternative suggestion is true? Twin paradox is Achilles heel of special relativity! What if the two observers, though they measure the same speed of light, observe different sets of photons! Then saying one observer sees or knows when the other observer receives the light signal is meaningless, he needs to ask the other observer the time he receives the light signal! The other observer is not going to say, it received the signal, as the original observer imagines, since speed of light is same, he should receive the light signal at the same moment as the other. But there is one big problem, that is same as double slit experiment, which slit the photon went through, when the light signal originated, the set of photons seen by each observer is fixed! More absurd, that set of photons knows exactly the speed that observer travels! Reason for it is, since light travels at same speed, when the observer moves, the distance the photon need to travel gets larger, so photon has to travel at a higher speed! This result is very similar to quantum delayed choise experiment!

[@munmunmajumdar4333]

First comment

[@rajnikantkourav8691]

सर आप ये विडियो हिंदी मे भी बनाईगा

[@michaelccopelandsr7120]

How about this? Dark Energy is EQUAL to Energy plus TIME, for our purposes here, "HEAVY TIME." Mira, look, we see this electron orbit however many times a minute. We set that as our base reading, right? For our plain of existence, anyway. However, in these pockets of, "heavy time," that same electron now has readings of a billion times a minute because time is HEAVY here and passes a billion times faster. Or, energy where there shouldn't be energy / dark energy / Heavy Time. See, in that same minute to us, that electron aged a billion times faster and therefore has given off readings of dark energy. Dark energy IS "HEAVY TIME." It's the difference in TIME that we're seeing! Maybe. The light from these galaxies have been aged by going through pockets of dark energy or "heavy time." Numbers used for reference only. TI-I-I-IME IS ON MY SIDE! YES, IT IS! Now we look at the other side of the coin, dark matter. Pockets of dark matter are actually pockets of "LIGHT TIME." Mira, look, if heavy time is faster pockets of time. It stands to reason, light time would be slower pockets of time, right? Making our base electron seem to stand still. Get a pocket full of seemingly motionless nothing and you get a pocket of starving dark matter. In this case, "starving," or slower pockets in time is the same as creating a vacuum in space. Since this pocket of "Light time" is "starving" and everything outside this pocket of dark matter is in a "heavier time," it makes it appear dark matter is attracting when really it's just a vacuum, IN TIME, trying to equalize. Making it stand to reason, by my, "I'm not smart enough to give anything more than this simplified reasoning, that Dark Matter is "LIGHT TIME" and Dark Energy is "HEAVY TIME." Maybe. Now think about this. As light travels through the universe and passes through these pockets of Heavy Time or Light Time. Doesn't that "age" that particular beam of light? Doesn't that beam of light that is say 40 million light years away now look like it's 100 million light years away? If I'm right, it would explain why these 6 "old" galaxies are being discovered. Also, if I'm right and someone proves it, you must name it after me and give me a cut of the Nobel prize winnings. Pass it on please. and thank you. P.S. I may have gotten the names, LIGHT and HEAVY, backwards. Thanks again and don't worry. Where I come from, crazy is a compliment ;-P

[@ahpstudiostamil]

Dear brothers and sisters, Time dilation has no significance for time travel in physical plane. It actually indicates the depth of space-time while observation made on speed of light is a projection at the surface. And time dilation said to be due to gravitation is also not true, it indicates the difference in levels of crests and troughs along the surface of space-time. Have published "New study of Gravitation and Fundamental theory of Singularity" [Volme 10; issue 03,04; 2023] - ARC JOURNALS - International journal of advanced research in physical science - Open access for free download. Series of papers (totally - 9 nos.) on "Theory of Singularity" - The new study hope to serve one fundamental for general relativity and quantum mechanics... 1) New representation of Gravitation 2) Structure of black holes 3) Finite structure of space-time. 4) Real dimensions of space-time 5) Singularity 6) Source of dark energy...etc FYI, thanks.

[@Uvtube5313]

Time dilation = watching flight in sky

[@PerplexedGibbon]

Speaking of the Mind. What if when we get high on drugs, our mind is going so fast, what feels like 1 or 2 hours is like 12 hours in real-time. But people say NOO!! dude your just fucking High, you just think you're going fast. However, in the reference frame of the common crackhead, his brain clock is faster. But why aren't crackheads geniuses well because the actual structures of the neurons in your brain do not construct better pathways at the same pace as your activation of neurons and what then happens is just a lot of damage because of the unsynchronized clockwork happening in the brain. I mean it sounds legit. but that's just what I think. I'm not an expert in biology or physics... yet!

[@jinuvarghese3364]

Please check your Instagram.. I have sent you a message

[@PhilokseniaPsyhi]

Sir , can v conclude that this concept time dilation could be the reason for why time seems to be slower in space when compared to earth??

[@PhilokseniaPsyhi]

Sir , can v conclude that this concept time dilation could be the reason for why time seems to be slower in space when compared to earth??

[@FortheLoveofPhysics]

No, that's gravitational time dilation (due to the varying strength of gravitational field, aka GTR) whereas what I discussed in video was relativistic time dilation (due to relative speed, aka STR)