The new science of weight loss and obesity | Dr. Louis J Aronne

[@raewynannbenten1385]

None of this addresses the real elephant in the room. Just how broken our food systems are, from all the vested financial interests of big Ag, to the massive industries producing shitty ultra processed foods that now make up 80% or more of most people’s daily diet, to big pharma that also profit from billions of people made sick by the food they consume. Governments are not interested in heavily regulating the food industry because too much money is at stake. The lobbyists of Big Ag, Big Food and Big Pharma have captured the ears of both the advisors to and the decision makers on, the food regulatory bodies. Only when the soaring cost of health care totally out strips the billions in profits, will they act. It only took them 60 plus years to regulate tobacco, even when the science was clear for decades.

[@wholefoodplantbasedmama5398]

Totally agree.

[@ricknicholson5894]

This is why I do OMAD (one meal a day). It has so many benefits. It eliminates about 85 % of all my historical glucose spikes, if I don't eat I don't spike (not quite true but close) From not eating breakfast, lunch, really bad snack, maybe bedtime snack to one meal a day. If I start with in salad (OMAD eating), then made at home items, not processed crap (the closest I come is McCain's Frozen Fries in an airfryer), I escape the rigged food industry creating crap (which I used to eat all the time) that is designed to sell, not to provide nutrition. My own personal opinion is that calories that are assigned to my body type and height are overestimated. I've been told a number of times I should be eating 2000 calories a day. I suspect I would be better off at 1700. But I'm a gorger, I've got to eat so I feel really full. I can do that with OMAD as long as I supplement my eating with a decent extended walking regime and wretched hill walking. I can eat 2500 calories and if I burn 700 calories beyound normal caloric maintenance, I don't gain weight. And I might lose some weight. Interestingly, I notice with OMAD my taste sensitivity seems to increase. Foods that would taste okay have a "brighter" taste. The food has more appeal.

[@Kinkle_Z]

You just HIT THE NAIL ON THE HEAD! 💯💯

[@GamerMom528]

Well said! 👏🏻

[@nimblegoat]

It's not so simple . ultra processed food may have minimum ill effects - we all agree sugar , bad saturated fat , high salt etc ( ie junk food ) is not good . But you can have ultra processed food low sugar , low bad fats , low salt etc . Processed food can be cheap , accessible and feed many who can't afford or cook some stuff. Plus no real evidence say a processed can of veggie soup, or branded muesli is bad ( they are classified as ultra processed ) . People who eat nuts, EVOL , fruit , vegies also make other good life choices Myself I don't eat ultra processed white bread, rice, pasta etc . But if someone enjoys that , is a cheap source of calories ( no need to soak and pressure cook beans ) , and they eat also more fruit and veggies, good protein , nuts , seeds, oils etc Their risk may be minimum.- ie little evidence to contrary - Just evidence of terrible diets I eat really good, but I know I could add some more so so stuff for probably little risk . If you exercise , positive attitude , socialise . Then a pizza with some good and bad ingredients once a week one refined flour base will probably have no ill affect - as your liver etc will be working just fine . People use to be slim eating cake in afternoon , desert , white bread and honey . Plus if ultra processed food is fortified , added fiber - it may be "healthy" Just remember even in blue zones few make it to 100. Lots of diets to get to 90, plus exercise especially strength may be more important . Personally I follow the Mediterranean as I like it and most flexible

[@bobbielevindofske4730]

I listened to this just as I have listened to other Zoe podcasts. Look, I appreciate what you’re trying to do. But my interest in Zoe all stemmed from the allusion that our gut microbiome was the key to obesity. I bought the test and signed up for the membership and I’m awaiting my results. And I did the two weeks of blood sugar monitoring you recommended even though I’m not diabetic. Frankly, while I think some of these things - microbiome, processed food, leptin, genetics, etc are all keys to obesity, it still seems to me that no one has truly nailed it down yet. I’ve done the 30 plants a week thing and listened to Tim tell us exercise will only make us hungrier and lose absolutely zero weight as a result. Then I eat a more realistic diet and exercise and lose weight. I don’t know if the weight will stay off. I have no idea. But I, as an obese person, get really tired of tuning in to scientists who claim to have a handle on the whole obesity problem only to realize they don’t and they’re selling something. Yea, I’ll be interested to see the results of my microbiome test and the other Zoe tests, but I still feel somewhat duped when I only ever get any kind of weight loss results by not listening to what all the current science is saying. I wish I had answers because being overweight is hard. Every single day is hard. And I have to work at progress whereas others eat anything and remain healthy or at least thin. I guess I just wish that the absolute certainty that I hear from so many of these people would be more tempered in the reality that we don’t know as much about obesity as we need to in order to be certain about anything. Again, I appreciate the effort, but please understand that so much of this just leads to mass confusion for those of us who suffer with excess weight.

[@bengenovese6591]

Hey, Best advice is moderate low intensity exercise 10,000 steps a day, and a consistent calorie deficit switching between low fat and low carb but always high protein

[@AngelaPrabhu]

Oh Ben! Don’t you think we’ve tried that!

[@xux1459]

The problem is to reverse the damage once you are obese. And truly, they still don't know, 1 person previously obese and 1 normal eating the same food will not burn the same calories. The previous obese will still keep more calories. Good news, some people has achieved to keep the weight loss, but it is a long process. Quick wait lost=quick weight back, that's why strict diet don't work. Any diet you can't see yourself sustain for 1 year, dont try. It a waist of time. Use all the tools possible and keep it out for 1 year. I am normal weight and as I age I just stop eating certain foods that are not healthy. At the beginning is hard, but after a period of time you don't miss it at all. Specifically sugar, sugar is a drug, should be eaten in very special occasions. What works for me, don't buy what you don't want to eat.

[@jennifersmith9892]

I think that there is too much emphasis on food, and not enough on other lifestyle factors. For me, weight loss seems to be more impacted by adequate sleep, stress management, daily movement / exercise, paying attention to circadian clock best habits ( early morning light in eyes, not too much screen time, no late night eating, etc), hydration and purpose ( staying connected to friends and family, getting my work done, stimulating my brain etc). For some reason when I check off all those boxes my healthy eating habits and portion control fall into place. Just simply getting a good nights sleep cuts back my hunger and cravings tremendously. For those really struggling to lose weight, it wouldn’t hurt to stop focusing on food, and start focusing on those other healthy habits and see what happens.❤❤❤

[@doobiedootwo3517]

I too did the Zoe ‘thing’ when it first launched, i found that i have bad sugar tolerance but handle fat reasonably well. I actually eat keto, i find it works really well for me. As a single person 30 different veg a week is laughable, i do eat some veg. BUT i did find the Zoe view of Keto very offputting, they totally dismiss it and i can say it has been a gamechanger for me. I have done every diet under the sun in the last 50 years and none have been so effective. I no longer have cravings, and its easy because i have to cook so im not using any ultra processed foods or indeed eating any carbs, and i was addicted to carbs. I found the Zoe ‘closed minds’ approach very annoying and once my trial was over i did not renew. I also understand Carnivore is very effective ( i used to dismiss it was a crazy fad - but i am now more open to alternative lifestyles having been failed by WW/SW and the NHS advice)

[@moirawendy2050]

I was morbidly obese and pre-diabetic. I went real food keto and lost 31kg, got great blood test results, lost my carb craving, and 2 years on have stayed slim. Easy! Luckily I LOVE red meat, fried eggs, butter and cheese so keto is perfect for me. I'm afraid I have to stay off fruit and grains, and rather miss my pasta! BUT, I am SO HAPPY now. Age 71 but feel 21 with wrinkles, ho ho! My set point has moved down about 30kg and I never feel hungry as I eat as much as I want. BUT I cannot eat fruit and grains without carb cravings kicking in... and I suspect my set point would creep up again. So my metabolic health and great blood test results seems to be directly dependent on steak, butter, and cheese.

[@alcyone-rising]

same ma'am and am 51. i feel better than I could ever have imagined. untreated menopause related hormone deficiencies almost destroyed my health

[@83shaunam]

I thought it was mostly a willpower thing and I've been beating myself up for 10 years, thinking I was just a POS human with not enough willpower. Then I got some information about my body and was able to make changes to better regulate my blood glucose (NOT low carb, thank goodness, I'm not giving up rice and potatoes) and it's like a switch was flipped. Sugar cravings GONE. Urge to overeat GONE. Weight is falling off and I'm not even trying. I'm not counting calories. I'm not doing intense workouts. I'm actually quite sedentary because I've got a nearly bedbound child on hospice. I'm going to get a walking pad to get moving more, but I don't leave the house unless I really need to. I don't want to risk not being there when my daughter passes. It's really difficult to understand until you've felt it happen in your own body. I never judged people that were very overweight. My weight has been a struggle, but it's never been high enough to cause a real problem. 40 to 50 extra lbs, not hundreds. All of my health conditions I developed when I was a size 4. So even though I'm what people call "small fat", I don't judge those that are hundreds of lbs overweight because I KNOW it's a struggle. Even if it WAS all about willpower...I understood. And I judged myself endlessly, but did not judge others. I figured they just had a harder time than me. Before I fixed my issue, I was thinking about food, especially sugar, CONSTANTLY. It was controlling my life. I was having awful anxiety just trying to grocery shop because I wanted all the food, but knew I needed to moderate myself. And sometimes I'd do ok and other times I'd fail horribly at moderation. But even when I was doing well, it was constantly on my mind. And I was having to heavily restrict to lose anything. Then the switch flipped. It happened nearly overnight. I'm still in awe of how DIFFERENT I feel. There was something wrong in my body, plain and simple. And some people will never understand. "Just stop eating so much" is real easy to say when you've got a body and brain and hormones that work properly. Back before I developed chronic illnesses and before I started struggling with my weight, it WAS that simple for me. After both of my kids were born, it took awhile, but I'd diet a bit and get back to my prepregnancy weight. Then I got sick and one of those illnesses just did me dirty for the last 10 years, causing me to gain, despite me fighting back. I just wish it hadn't taken me so long to figure it out.

[@dodgeball693]

Maybe I missed it, but what did you actually do?

[@laurensargent9471]

Very interested in what you did to regain balance

[@wholefoodplantbasedmama5398]

Did you use a less inflammatory diet or pharmaceutical intervention or both?

[@janetEC1C2]

so glad you found out how to regulate your bloodsugar and reduce cravings - unfortunately there are plenty of comments (from people who've never experienced it) here showing that despite the science showing it's physical, not gluttony, they prefer to blame the obese person and judge them and feel superior. I hope you manage to work out how to add in a little movement whilst caring for your daughter, to care for yourself too❤

[@Kinkle_Z]

I read that whole tome to finally learn 1) what info you got about your body, 2) how did you reduce your blood glucose, 3) how are all your bad behaviors now gone, 4) how is the weight melting off your body... and... CRICKETS...what a dirty trick to play on us! tsk...

[@WHISTLEPEG]

Some people here are complaining about using a drug to help people witth an illness, which obesity is. Would you prefer to not take a life changing, life saving medicine when you are suffering from a serious illness. Do not throw all pharmaceutical interventions under the bus as some do save lives.

[@pepsiblik874]

The issue is not that people are being prescribed a drug. The issue is that a drug is always a stop-gap and never the solution. The drug should give you the time to address the underlying problem. It cannot be that just fighting the symptoms for a lifetime is considered to be the solution.

[@BartBVanBockstaele]

@@pepsiblik874 You may be forgetting one thing: many (not all) people become fat because they are hungry. The GLP1s help reduce that hunger. Not everyone becomes fat because they 'crave' something. Some people eat because otherwise they have abdominal pain, nausea and vomiting, and this can be extreme. GLP1 helps them reduce that and in so doing enables them to eat less and (hopefully) lose weight. But I do agree that (if they haven't already), they should use the temporary advantage offered by the drugs to change their way of eating. If they don't, they are in for a nasty surprise when they stop using the drugs. And most will, and simply regain all the weight because they haven't learned to change their ways.

[@TommysPianoCorner]

This is frightening on so many levels. Don’t get me wrong, I can really appreciate that someone who has spent his entire career looking for a pharmacological answer to a problem would be so happy. However, what are the implications of saying we will continue to let people damage themselves because we can treat them afterwards? It seems like saying if we had a tablet for lung cancer we could all get right back to smoking. Why not find a drug that lets us drink as much alcohol as the Mediterraneans too whilst we’re at it! Saying that dieticians are delighted because ‘if we give someone a drug that acts on their brain they can follow our advice’ is also frightening. How happy would we be if the govt started putting something in the water that made us more compliant? I am truly delighted that people battling obesity now have a solution like this. However, we should still be focussed on stopping people from getting obese in the first place. Children should not be obese and certainly should not need a pharma solution. My biggest fear is that now, it will be ‘keep enjoying your junk food as part of a balanced, Ozempic controlled diet!’

[@r2d2tbay39]

I don't think that's what's being said ...... But I do feel that the food industry must be held to account. I was in touch with COOK pre-prepared meals recently over their claim that their products are prepared with ingredients which you would use at home ...... when there are the likes of 'maltodextrin' and 'potato starch' (amongst many other ingredients) listed in their 'meals' ...... and they replied that they were fully compliant with government regulations (and they are ... but the very wealthy food industry is managing to prevent tighter change to truly good legislation .......... (I am convinced that the huge volumes of cheap highly processed foods are responsible for huge increases in mental health problems in the very young ... ADHD and many other 'neuro-divergent' conditions ........ as well as bodily damage leading to weight gain (but then there is the effect of medications used to treat so many conditions nowadays ... which also cause galloping weight gain .......

[@carolynwestlake7670]

I found this podcast very disturbing. Basically, all overweight and obese people have damaged themselves and the only solution is to take medications indefinitely. 😱😱

[@carolinebennett5615]

@@carolynwestlake7670 That’s not what was said. Don’t take my word for that, listen to it all the way through. He’s saying something different to what you’re taking away.

[@mariamorales3878]

@TommysPianoCorner “Why not find a drug that lets us drink as much alcohol as the Mediterraneans?” Which mediterraneans are you talking about? as far as I know the mediterranean regions are on the lower scale of alcohol drinking compared to most of Europe and particularly to the UK!

[@alcyone-rising]

freedom of choice. sadly ppl do not feel compelled to educate themselves. if only health insurance wasn't in on the scam. they would realize that its cheaper to prevent illness than to try a TREAT it after the fact. As a diabetes orphan I had to take my health into my own hands because my dr only wanted to throw statins, insulin and a horrific food pyramid diet to solve my pre diabetes and suddenly high cholesterol. come to find out part of the culprit was perimenopause and a horrific nasty diet. i got my hormones strait, lowered my A1c with mounjaro, down 35 lbs. i changed my diet. changed my lifestyle advocated for myself. no one is going to do this for you. many drs. are ignorant of the methods available to correct these issues before they become chronic health issue. KETO and intermittent fasting have been absolutely KEY.

[@tkspiece2310]

Thanks to the Zoe team for another informative session. I for one would rather not go anywhere near big pharma's contribution to our overall ill health. My aim is to learn about natural ways of using food as medicine, regulating hormones including leptin and ghrelin, exercise, sleep, etc, and all the natural abilities we seem to have lost. The last thing I am interested in is yet another big pharma plaster for a festering wound. If folks just rely on yet another diet pill, how will they ever get the underlying cause under control??! Thanks, doc, but no thanks.

[@RosiBed3650]

🎉❤

[@SimonBrowneNZ]

exactly. end sarcasm in case you missed it.

[@Carbhandleruk]

No discussion on side effects and tolerance? Legislation could stop production of ultra processed food / labelling on how harmful it can be too.

[@keithpp1]

Not banned, treat as tobacco. - health warnings - tax - no promotion or sponsorship

[@tsbriggs]

Dr. Aronne at 20:37: "obesity has been cured, cured, C-U-R-E-D, by giving certain compounds to animals. And what happens is you give it over a period of time, You stop giving it, and the animals maintain their weight. And if you look at what's going on in the part of the brain where damage was previously seen, the hypothalamus, all of a sudden they have new healthy nerves in that part of their brain." Can anyone point me to the research he's referring to? I've never heard of this...

[@retrocool]

I'd love to know too. 'Certain compounds' was very cryptic!

[@juliaappleton17]

Disagree with his definition of cured. If I have appendicitis and have it removed I am cured of it. If I have hypertension and my BP comes under control then my condition is TREATED effectively. There are very few cures for illness in medicine. There are a lot of conditions well treated with medication. Let's not be fooled that ongoing use of a medication is a cure. Obesity is a complex situation with biological, psychological sociological and spiritual roots. Treatment is good to calm the craving so the rest of the issues can be addressed over time. Medication will not cure a woman who uses food to soothe the pain of abuse and trauma.

[@alexausberlin]

I only found out about Zoe through Spotify, whose algorithm had suggested a few podcasts to me. I've been listening to it while driving ever since. I didn't think of it at all, but I found you here thanks to my KZbin algorithm. I love Zoe. And I love this episode even more. I finally realise what I've done to my body. And I love these algorithms …

[@daviessusan1000]

Please inform us if there are any links to pharmaceutical companies. For transparency

[@3lifewellness530]

Great point Susan! I have some real problems with certain scientists in the primary care research field like this guy and others like Fatima Stanford, and even celebs like Oprah Winfrey, who conveniently call obesity a disease or a genetic disorder, and how it causes functional brain damage in the hypothalamus et. al. Even though much of what they say is true, how they present it, or how they leave out other important considerations is relevant, because if they can convince people that obesity is beyond their control without their lifelong medical interventions, and that willpower doesn't exist, and lifestyle change doesn't work, then they all cash in. One way to check up on their affiliations is to find a study that they author, then look for their affiliations and conflicts of interest. And low and behold, I found one. This Dr. Arrone guy has affiliations with Novo Nordisk (Semaglutide: Ozempic, Wegovy), Eli Lilly (Terzepatide: Zepbound), AstraZenecka, Pfizer, etc., and has been paid by them. jamanetwork.com/journals/jama/fullarticle/2812936

[@soniaburrows9848]

I checked one paper that he was a co-author on here. www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9535662/ Lots of funding from pharma.

[@annedupin3540]

Yes, there are connections to the pharmacy industry. "Dr. Louis Aronne serves as a paid advisory board member for Eli Lilly and Company and Novo Nordisk." Says his own university.

[@JayJayInDaZone]

@@annedupin3540 as well as he is doing reseach on drugs not from these companies! You should than check, if he is with them for 30 years. Why should they pay an expert advising them? Or do you think, they pay him for advertising? It was a long video. I learned a lot. And it was maybe 10-15 min if at all for the injections.

[@ToiletDuckFan]

Science over Social Media. Thank you Zoe for your insight into something, science being the truth/closes to the truth; and far more than individuals who just give (and I don't mean share) their opinions without any evidence whatsoever on topics of importance, e.g., health, obesity, Diabetes and more.

[@juliesimpson2122]

Excellent interview. Great explanation. I was initially very sceptical about what he was saying about all the new weight loss drugs, but it makes complete sense for those who are struggling to do their best, but nothing changes. Very interesting discussion on how a long term poor diet affects the neurological pathways in the brain. I’m a great advocate of what Zoe is trying to do, with eating healthier, but I can see that this just doesn’t work for some people, no matter how hard they try. He has a very good point that these drugs should not be misused! … but used carefully when needed… lets hope the pharmaceutical companies adhere to this too!!

[@ricknicholson5894]

I feel telling people exercise is not helpful for weight loss is detrimental and in some cases wrong. You don't find many fat marathon runners for example. A combination of exercise and mindful food preparation and eating is the way to go. Even if you walk 8,000 steps, you burn calories and those calories for that day may make the difference between weight maintenance and weight gain. The reason I react is I know some will hear exercise doesn't help and use that as an excuse to not do it. I know you all know this but healthy living is a package deal, best to get some exercise in with some limited cardio, I walk briskly up a wretched hill to get my cardio, eating, sleeping, walking with friends, and some stretching and or resistance training or isometrics. Throw in some mindfulness about how fortunate you are in your environment and life circumstances and pursue interests into your very old age. It's a package deal.

[@luvurab]

You are absolutely correct. Too many of us are looking for that ‘one’ pill or something simple to miraculously lose weight. And it is not just about losing the weight, you then need to keep it off. The only way to do that is to fix any root problems (hormones? Poor sleep?) and make permanent lifestyle changes. There is no other way around it.

[@ricknicholson5894]

@@luvurab I just do OMAD, one meal a day, good for weight loss and a major reduction in glucose spikes.

[@javiTests]

Also, exercise helps to maintain a healthy metabolism, so you can be overweight but with a healthy metabolism and that's important. And if you gain muscle, it uses more calories to be maintained than other types of cells, so the basal metabolic rate increases and helps to maintain weight. So yes, if you want to lose weight, you need to start from the diet, but exercise is good in any case.

[@mdekool]

Agreed. I can only speak for myself, but after many years of self-observation I am completely sure exercise helps me control food craving/appetite. When due to some outside reasons I have not been able to exercise, I gained significant weight from increasing food intake. I don't think it is correct that the only effect from exercise is the calories you burn.

[@IngriddenDigre]

I think it comes down to this: if you exercise but don't change how you eat, you will not loose much weight. If you change what you eat, but don't exercise you will loose weight. A lot of people, myself included, hoped for all of my adult life that I can fix things with exercise, but I didn't want to give up my sodas and chocolate. So I didn't. I just increased my exercise till injury. I was able to loose 7 kg over 1 year by continually increased exercise. (78 kg-71kg) Both weight lifting but mostly running. After injury, a family members suicide, and a lot of overwork, I way over-ate and lived of sugary food for periods. Since giving up sodas and chocolate, I've now lost 7 kg over 3 months. (86kg-79kg) That's also after getting back at exercise at the same time. Exercise helps mentally, to cope with life, but the bodily process of loosing weight, I believe is food-based. And that's what I think all the doctors are getting at.

[@dianaquirk7926]

So how do you reset your set point.

[@niket62]

This is one is one of my favorite podcasts

[@stimunail2170]

So... obesity is a disease that is caused by eating a high calorie, highly palatable diet which damages our nerves in the brain, so our weight is no longer regulated properly. The diet we consume is a choice, so we are choosing to eat the high calorie foods which give us the obesity disease. Just like smoking could give us the disease emphysema. It's a disease we give ourselves, it just doesn't appear out of nowhere. I understand our inability to lose weight once we have the disease is not our fault... but the fact that we have the disease is our fault. We should be educating people that their diet just doesn't affect their weight, appearance and health, but should explain how it damages our nerves irreversibly and will make losing weight in the future nearly impossible to maintain. Perhaps this would help them make better food choices from the beginning. People think if they overeat and gain weight, they can just diet and lose it later on. No one is telling them it creates a disease that makes weight loss unbelievably challenging. Again, just like how we finally hammered home that smoking kills and now most people have stopped, we need to simply spell things out clearly for people in order for them to 'get it'. I don't think anyone is telling this part of the story!

[@crackpea]

I partly agree with what you’ve said. Definite need for education about certain foods, but also down to governments and those in power to put stricter regulations on food production also. It may seem like a choice for most people, however that are factors that may affect people’s food ‘choice’ such as poverty, rising food costs, rising cost of living. There are places in the States in which people don’t have immediate access to healthy foods, fruits, and vegetables etc, and if money is a problem then travelling to buy those healthy food choices becomes an issue in itself.. and the cycle continues. So whereas I agree that it is for some a choice, but for many it’s sadly not. Unlike smoking, which isn’t a necessity, whereas consuming food is survival.

[@mariamorales3878]

The problem is that we start eating since the moment we are born. Even in the womb we consume what our mothers are eating. We cannot make our own food choices from the beginning like you said. For the first 12 - 15 years of our life we are told what to eat. So, if your parents are not very well educated in nutrition, or only have the resources to buy certain types of food you are screwed, no matter how well you behave as an adult.

[@annmc6353]

You may want o listen to this again. You’ve missed some information that might help you understand your overweight friends and family.

[@doobiedootwo3517]

Not really much choice for many living in disadvantaged areas. When every street corner has a pizza/kebab/ fast food outlet. When these foods are so very cheap. There are people who cannot afford to eat healthily, and the fast foods drive cravings and rob people of agency. Also the ‘bad’ foods are everywhere , hidden in plain sight, many are covered in advertising health claims, because the producers pile a load of vitamins into them and then claim they are good for you 😢 brown bread, low fat, no added sugar, adding ‘superfoods’ you name it 😡

[@profelis3312]

Most obesity results from using food to suppress deep feelings of unhappiness, inadequacy, stress, etc. - usually starting in childhood as a result of some form of emotional trauma. Also, overeating can’t be treated like other addictions as you need to eat food to survive. Try getting a drug addict to drastically limit their drug use!

[@northyland1157]

I lost over 30 lbs from 205lbs to 171lbs. I eat lots of Fats (avocado, fatty meats, nuts, olive oil). Fats make you feel full. I avoid carbs and sugar even in most sweet fruits, except avocado and berries. I also avoid (omega 6) veggie and seed oils. I skip breakfast to allow my body time to burn fat. I even was able to stop taking all meds for my type 2 diabetes including insulin. Try eating this Super Salad. Recipe: Super Salad start with salad, you can add in lettuce, cucumbers, green peppers, then put in some nuts, avocado and berries for sweetness. (strawberries, blue berries, rasp and blackberries are all okay). Make home made dressing as most store dressing have bad oils. (49% Balsamic vinegar, 49% olive oil, a little Dijon mustard and salt/pepper). Everything in this is great for weight loss, including the vinegar and Olive oil! Eat the salad before the rest of the meal, which could be grilled chicken, or scrambled eggs, or a bun-less cheeseburger!

[@jeanbartrum2773]

I follow Glucose Goddess and fast lik a girl by Mindy Peltz .I just think Im made this way .I find fasting can give me arythmia so have to be careful .Thankz for your suggestions and support

[@TommysPianoCorner]

Your experience is very common. I found it surprisingly easy to adjust eating when diagnosed with a condition like T2D that we know will almost certainly put us in an early grave. However, it is far more effective if we can help people avoid these diseases in the first place by avoiding highly processed foods!

[@debbiebeemer4795]

Great for you. But everyone is different. I wish people would stop assuming just because something works for them , then that’s the answer. 🙄

[@TommysPianoCorner]

@@debbiebeemer4795 you’re absolutely right - we are all different. However, I feel it is vital that people know the entire range of options available to them so that they can make an informed choice. If diagnosed with T2 Diabetes for example, 95% of Drs will tell you that you now have a chronic and progressive condition and the best we can do is help you manage it with medication. They might add ‘try to lose some weight and exercise more’. They may or may not share with you (even though they know it) that the best we’ll achieve with this Medicine is to keep your glucose in the pre diabetic range - not great but better than the diabetic range. Equally, they may or may not warn you that over time, we’ll need to keep increasing the dose and perhaps adding medicines as the condition progresses. However, wouldn’t it be great if they added : alternatively, you can try to change your diet in which case it often goes away completely. You’ll not need any medication and you’ll not develop diabetic complications into the bargain. At least then, if a person says ‘sorry doc, I can’t imagine life without rice so sign me up for the pills’ they have made an informed decision which is absolutely their prerogative. I have many colleagues in this category and I absolutely respect their choice - even though I opted to do the reverse.

[@northyland1157]

​@@debbiebeemer4795 Can't win um all I suppose..

[@alijawad2042]

Great talk.As always, full of science and simple explanation rather than pseudo science .Pls continue to educate and spread the good knowledge.Regards

[@BruceMorris-u3u]

Another interesting podcast. Despite Jonathan’s efforts Dr Aronne could not be deflected far from Pharma’s message that one need only take the daily pill(s) forever to be well. What research is there to show that an at least comparable result can be achieved without an expensive pharmaceutical product? A good subject within your mission to improve the nation’s health!

[@daviessusan1000]

This link with the Pharmaceutical companies!! Lots of money to be made would be my guess 😮. Everyone knows the benefits of losing weight, no new information here. The quality of food available in modern society is what is driving obesity and illness.

[@JayJayInDaZone]

That's what he said "It damages the nerves"... And if they are damaged they just be "healed".

[@bmcd9490]

Big Pharma must love this bloke!

[@Kinkle_Z]

I'm sure the millions of people suffering with morbid obesity and all the other symptoms of insulin resistance are LOVING him... not sure about Big Pharma.

[@susiehooper2798]

I'm only half way through this but I'm struggling with the focus on looking at drugs to fix a problem caused by lack of regulation of the food industry by governments. Food science looks at what additives make people want to eat more-SUGAR and chemicals put in processed food rather than making your own nutritious food from natural ingredients. I've watched several videos with Dr Robert Lustig who I think has received death threats for trying to address the causes of increasing obesity and metabolic/inflammatory disorders in the 20th/21st century: kzbin.info/www/bejne/mZapqnlvpd1lZrssi=bqa8BVcY2Boh9o2A

[@lindajones4849]

I have also listened to Dr.Lustig's podcasts and agree that he has great points. You can't lose weight if your estrogen insulin is high. We all need to decrease our pharmacological doses of sugar in our ultraprocessed foods. Eating ultraprocessed food will screw up most people's appetite control mechanisms. Experiments have been done showing that if people are given unlimited access to a diet of ultraprocessed food they will eat about 500 more calories per day (as compared to people eating real food). For me eating sugary food in so called moderation is not possible.Dr Lustig explains how table sugar is actually two molecules joined together , glucose and fructose. The fructose is addictive and lowers your metabolic rate by decreasing ATP production in the mitochondria.

[@pynn1000]

Interesting summary. As predicted, I'm one of the people uncomfortable that we have to consider mass use of hormone treatment for a problem we collectively have created. Real food, massive job, must be on the agenda.

[@16Elless]

The guest is obviously big (no pun intended) on pharmaceuticals. I wonder where his funding comes from. I’m 5 feet tall/short. Mid 60’s, on no meds. Decided a couple of years ago to massively reduce UPF, seed oils etc even though my diet wasn’t that bad but once I started paying attention to food ingredient lists I realised improvements were needed. No more low fat anything, only healthy fats & started time restricted eating. I dropped about 18lbs so was no longer overweight & I’ve kept most of it off. You have to take responsibility for what goes in your mouth but these days it’s never anyone’s fault!

[@Caladcholg]

No pun intended, but pun accepted. 😊. Good on you for taking personal responsibility in reducing UPFs, seed oils, and engaging in intermittent fasting. Taking pharmaceuticals to solve all problems is the 'fad diet' is like to see relegated to the dustbin of history.

[@r2d2tbay39]

Mmm .... interesting thought (re big Pharma and need to know where this chaps funding is coming from - totally fair enough and worth looking into BUT ... helpful that science has shown that FOR SOME PEOPLE the poor diets which are so prevalent nowadays .... causes real and permanent damage to their ability to lose weight) ..... I have been offered BARRIATRIC SURGERY (NHS) but my instincts told me that was a VERY BAD IDEA ... especially as NHS still following old and poor knowledge ...... I've been 'dieting' old style for decades ..... each time having lost a lot of weight but then having gained more ..... and am now hugely overweight ..... I did lose weight at first on Zoe (avoiding UPF, eating seeds, oils, nuts, fruit, vegetables, lots of black beans ...... (still struggling to get enough protein each day though as I don't eat meat but trying to become competent at cooking fish which is too expensive to 'get wrong') and combining this with 'intermittent fasting' / 'time restricted eating' ...... HOWEVER I am on quite a few medications in the treatment of a 'broken thyroid' (from a medication given in the past for 'BiPolar') .... and a changed medication in the treatment of BiPolar .... and these are known to have effects on weight gain ...... (I do manage to discipline my severely despite all the damage spoken of in the lecture ... much of which you seem to have swept aside ......... you are fortunate indeed that the control of what you put in your mouth actually brings you desired results.

[@RosiBed3650]

I can say the same but I started out at only 30 pounds overweight which I gained from the onset of perimenopause. Started on HRT as well. And learned to stay away from HPF as you do.

[@laurensargent9471]

It simply isn’t that simple for people who struggle with obesity. Many of us are not physically capable of becoming obese, despite dietary indiscretions and sloth. I’m not talking being 10!or even 50 lbs overweight-our toxic food environment can do that. I work to not judge those who live in a different body than I do.

[@16Elless]

@@laurensargent9471 I agree the food environment is toxic & I try not to be judgmental. I was about a stone overweight, most of which had crept on post menopause. Also I have some knee & back issues which make exercise more challenging so it became clear I needed to change what I & when I was eating to help the knees! Luckily I’ve never been a fast food or ready meals eater so for me these things aren’t a temptation but I still need to make responsible food choices & that’s down to me, not anyone else.🙂

[@procrastipractice]

So I have a damaged brain from too much weight, although I avoid hyperprocessed food, eat mostly vegetables and move all the time? Great. Now what should I do if I don't want to take drugs? Also, have the researchers at least segregated their data by age and sex? Men and women function differently regarding hormones. What are the recommendations for the different groups of people?

[@bettyswallocks6411]

5/2 fasting and moderate exercise keeps my weight where it should be. Avoiding processed food helps, too.

[@margaretcousins1395]

The breakthrough is sorting out the processed foods, including veg processed foods, we all need to get back to real food

[@alcyone-rising]

I just dont bring it into my home. problem solved.

[@celiacramer4247]

Great questions. Clear answers. Good accuracy. Loved it!! Thank you.

[@Urufu-san]

„not your fault“ is putting it too simply. YOU still decide, what you eat. You need to make better choices, THAT‘S where it starts. Educate yourself, it’s never been easier than today. Most people could eat healthy, and more would if they knew more about nutrition and their body. But there’s a huge lobby that would hurt if people ate healthy, so it’s not in the interest of the economy and hence politics to promote what’s right. If you were strict you‘d say that’s accessory to murder… The influence on life expectancy of obesity is clear.

[@stefanweilhartner4415]

yes and no. if you don't know what is the right thing? if you ask 10 persons, you get 20 different answers.

[@Urufu-san]

@@stefanweilhartner4415 While there’s some degree of confusion, the basic principles are understood. If you ask 10 scientists, you get a pretty solid unified answer. If you ask 10 influencers, you get 20 answers. The art in today’s information overflow is to filter out those who disperse „information“ more for personal gain.

[@sirmaumur4056]

Exactly. Especially when people refuse to educate themselves on processed food when it is so easy to find information now. And then they feed their children the same way…. That needs to be number 1!!

[@chantaldewit4998]

What would work for me? I have under active thyroid plus in menopause. Always struggled with weight because of my thyroid. In 2019 I was given additional T3 in combined with T4. I was feeling great, got my weight down. Then last year my endocrinologist took me off the T3, and my weight started to pile up again. I don’t eat much even tried Zoe but I keep gaining weight. I have degenerative disks in my y lumber spine so extra weight is troublesome for me..

[@Vandervecken]

The idea that willpower doesn't matter still comes down to not being able to ignore hunger. My own personal experience is that willpower does matter. Eventually you do get to a point where you are not hungry all the time anymore, but to get there you need to ignore those hunger signals. It is still up to you whether or not you put fork to mouth.

[@dudea3378]

Yes but there is a food quality element when it comes to satiety and if you just pick the right foods then you don't need willpower, which may eventually falter anyway.

[@rossmurray6849]

This podcast actually changed my opinion on that very point. To what degree of precision do you think it is possible for someone to make conscious choices over when to stop eating? How about one extra slice of bread per day? Or one extra teaspoon of sugar? One teaspoon of sugar more or less per day makes a difference of two pounds after a year. And one slice of bread is four or five times that.

[@Vandervecken]

@dudea3378 well what I am saying is that you need to resist eating even without satiety, at least for a while. But now, years out, satiety and hunger are no issues. In those first 3 years, will power did matter....as for quality, well yeah folks need to stop eating upfs as much as possible

[@ResidualSelfImage]

Medical doctors are not psychologists, so they are not often trained or experienced to provide the support to use will power to lose weight.

[@Vandervecken]

@@ResidualSelfImage But I had neither to help me. I just did it myself. And I assure you I am pretty average. I don't have some special will. I'm a regular guy, nothing special.

[@jenn_willey]

This was really interesting! Thanks so much for the vid!

[@kkrall8611]

Thank you for that fantastic interview. Please more about that subject would be very very interessant. Greetings from Austria

[@ResidualSelfImage]

@37:00 A form of GLP-1 is naturally created by the gut microbiome when it processes fiber in the colon which is why high fiber food creates the sense of satiety/fullness and makes dieting and time restricted eating easier to do in treating weigh loss. The concern with the continual consumption of junk food is that replaces nutrient filled foods - mineral, antioxidants, vitamins, and other nutrients are missing in highly processed foods or not time released optimized to be absorbed by the digestive system. The digestive system is effectiveness depends on a slower time release of nutrients in the food being digested. The high speed absorption of high potency vitamins in pill forms get ejected by the body (by the kidney via urine) because the homeostatic process of the metabolism expels excessive amounts of nutrients it cannot store in fat cells or the bones. The sudden lack of electrolyte minerals in the blood stream when breaking a fast and allowing for high glucose blood levels will cause a mortally dangerous metabolic shock known as the Refeeding syndrome. Which is why water fasting is often accompanied with electrolyte supplements.

[@themogget8808]

Yes, both. We need to address our food problems, and we also need to address the brain chemistry that in certain individuals makes that junk food irresistible. Its a tool to help us change our diets, and to reduce public addiction to the junk food in the first place. It is a lot easier for the market to offer us healthier food when we are not too addicted to junk to switch to it even if its available.

[@Caladcholg]

1:58 oh boy, I hope this isn't an ad. Remember, it's not about 'weight' or even 'fat' as far as health is concerned; it's about visceral and ectopic adiposidty. Sarcopenia is very real. Edit: nevermind, it's an ad. While he isn't pushing snake oil, he is quite literally 36:25 hawking lizard saliva.

[@Kinkle_Z]

So... telling the interesting story about how GLP-1 agonists in lizards would lead to a fantastic breakthrough in obesity medicine is "Hawking Saliva"? And that historical fact makes it "an ad"? Oh.... and btw... fatty liver disease and visceral fat is about health.

[@stefanweilhartner4415]

but leptin resistance is only one part. also GLP-1, PYY, ... output of the L-cells is important. the fat loss effect is not only the brain. it reduces glucagon production 24/7 in the alpha cells, which is the most important function of GLP-1. the reduced glucagon reduces gluconeogenesis 24/7. which reduces blood sugar a tiny bit 24/7. that reduces insulin and insulin resistance and that speeds up lipolysis enzymes. this is a mechanism of GLP-1 that has nothing to do with the brain. one question that is coming up for me is, is insulin resistance affecting hunger? is insulin resistance creating leptin resistance and therefor increasing ghrelin output? my current trail is ACV + water and xylit to alter the gut bacteria, supplement with zinc/selenium to support the thyroid function and glutamine in the morning to reduce cortisol. artificial sweeteners are a bit difficult to cut out. in some cases, they switch off some satiety hormones like PYY. my stomach can be full, but i am still hungry. maybe i can try something with allulose which should do the opposite than aspartame regarding some incretin hormone. a bit of exercise might help me as well. 1 time HIIT to boost mitochondrial growth in certain parts in the body and 2 times zone two to synchronize all other parts with their growth factors might be a good idea as well. i think exercise for weight loss is completely misunderstood and again has nothing to do with burning calories. it is more a hormonal thing like in this discussion. lactate + phenylalanine ==> Lac-Phe reduces ghrelin. ==> 500mg phenylalanine + HIIT

[@jimhollyjarrad2221]

Would be useful to know if any of the studies were done on women, especially menopausal, as so few studies include women. I have pcos and watched my weight for about 30 years, but still fat around the middle (BMI always been between 28 and 32). Once menopause hit I was unable to stop my weight increasing slowly, even though my diet was good (always under 1500 calories a day plus weights and HIT) so decided to try Wegovy as my GP suggested it due to pcos (I am paying privately). 3rd month, it is very slowly coming off so that is a plus (also doing ZOE too and always score around 80-90). It is very demoralising to constantly watch what you eat, do weights/fitness daily and people just presume you eat too much or that you are lazy, I am very motivated diet and fitness wise. Not sure how much I like Wegovy, not interested in food particularly and some days only eat 600 calories as just don't enjoy food (don't drink alcohol) so was interested to know the long term affects from the podcast as I couldn't do this for life, frequently constipated (fibre always over 25 a day), nausea, but will try one further month on the highest dose to see if the weight loss increases at all.

[@Kinkle_Z]

Have you tried the Carnivore diet? Watch Dr. Ken Berry videos on KZbin... I've lost 30 pounds since Feb... never hungry and no calorie counting. How does it work? No carbs - No insulin surges - No hunger. It's a species appropriate way of eating.

[@mariamorales3878]

@@jimhollyjarrad2221 I hear you. I don’t think I have PCOS and have not started menopause yet, but I’m more or less in the same boat as you weight wise. Always on a permanent weight loss quest, doing the best I can and people always questioning or doubting that I’m doing everything right. It’s draining and it leads you to end up distancing yourself from a lot of people…

[@Rachel-em1rq]

❤❤❤❤❤ love both these men. The lack of judgement and the amazing understanding of what it is to battle obesity is beyond words.

[@evanhadkins5532]

"Why it's not just lack of willpower". That "just" is important.

[@evanhadkins5532]

I owe a great deal to Roy Taylor's findings on weight loss curing type-2 diabetes. I was part of the minority it works for - probably because my dr. picked it up early; the earlier the more likely to be successful.

[@evanhadkins5532]

I would like to see scientists lead a campaign for governments to encourage the eating of healthy food and not junk food. Have yet to see this - rather than promoting drugs.

[@evanhadkins5532]

Johan Hari's new book on Ozempic is really good. Personal as well as across the literature.

[@philiprollins3211]

Please Zoe, invite Dr Robert Lustig to discuss these issues with you. Your aims and 'missions' coincide so well.

[@stevelanghorn1407]

Almost…but he’s probably too “omnivore” for their taste!

[@RosiBed3650]

He became an advocat for Keto, didn'nt he? And sometimes I think his new ideas about mitochondria dysfunction is either terrific or crap.

[@tsebosei1285]

I can't agree I was obese I lowered calories by changing one food at a time, replaced soda with diet, then when I was consistent went to the next, reduced high fat with low fat and when I was consistent went to the next increased fibre and protein and when I was consistent, introduced weight training and walking and when I was consistent started to include low calorie favourite food such as protein bars ranging from 163 calories to 243 calories and 16g protein to 21g protein. I managed to lose weight. Calories and adherence are king as Lyne Norton always says. So I don't buy this story. It's small little changes over a long period of time that do the greatest impact. These changes are for life.

[@nicolaburke7794]

Has Zoe covered thyroid issues at all? I'm currently having blood tests for hypothyroidism and I would love to hear some good advice from an expert about this please. Xxx

[@sarahsnowe]

Nothing is ever anyone's fault anymore, is it? And you can just take a pill . . . . What piffle. Nobody forces anyone to stuff themselves with junk. Learn to shop properly, learn to cook from scratch, don't eat too much, get off your duff and walk a lot (without a Big Mac and Coke in your hands) and hey presto! You too will lose weight and keep it off. Look at footage from the seventies. Look at those people, ask what's changed, and figure it out.

[@stevelanghorn1407]

Another fascinating interview. Dr Aronne hit the nail on the head regarding hunter-gatherer cultures. Modern western lifestyle and industrial processed food production / cheap availability is our biggest disease-maker. These Glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1) agonists are going to be useful for those individuals who have (possibly genetic) complex hormonal issues. Also for those who are simply “too far gone” in terms of chronic obesity etc. Otherwise they are ultimately an artificial intervention…a desperate last chance perhaps. Better to challenge our dreadful western eating habits at the source.

[@johncalkin7423]

I used to watch Dr. Lou's TV show in the early-mid 1990s. I'm very happy that he is still around.

[@kimberlycollison2375]

Brilliant interview with Dr Aronne. Relevant and on point questions presented by the interviewer, and a guest with a wealth of wisdom in the science of obesity. It's a privilege to be able to hear him share his experience and knowledge. There is a paradigm shift just starting to happen and the benefits will ripple out much further than treating obesity and food addiction. Will be following his work and research over the next couple years. This new understanding and treatment of obesity is an absolute game changer. I hope more people will soon get past the media hype and uproar and look to the science.

[@niket62]

We actually gave a review from his side of the story. Thanks Zoe

[@CarolynHemphill14]

The doctor mentioned that some medications can lead to an ongoing problem with obesity. I am wondering what those specific medications that he was talking about are. When I was a child I was given cortisone due to a bout with pneumonia and it has always felt to me like I have had trouble with my appetite control since then. Once I was put on it, I gained 15 pounds as a child in two weeks, I wonder what damage was done by that. And our antibiotics part of the problem as well? I’ve been on them too many times.

[@evanhadkins5532]

Lots of (very valuable) consciousness altering drugs (anti-depressants, anti-anxiety medications and so on) lead to weight gain. Also steroidal drugs. It does get listed in the side effects.

[@raewynannbenten1385]

@CarolynHemphill14. FYI cortisol is a steroid medication. Steroid medications have been shown in numerous clinical trials to disrupt metabolism and how the body lays down fat normally. Recent trials also show they can cause dysbiosis in the gut as do antibiotics. The cortisonal steroid group are commonly parcelled out by doctors to treat inflammation, even for minor muscle and joint issues, that given sufficient time would heal naturally on their own. I refuse to take steroids (unless I had severe inflammation of my brain ,liver or lungs which unfortunately afflicted you as a child). Can be a class of drugs with horrible side affects. Often over prescribed for minor injuries.

[@sandraelder1101]

For me, it’s almost never about “not feeling full.” When I eat unhealthy foods it’s not because I’m hungry. When I’m hungry I usually eat a healthy meal. I eat unhealthy deserts or snacks because they’re enjoyable (to me) & I have trouble resisting the urge. Definitely psychological with perhaps a physical component. I wonder how many overweight people like myself overeat because of the “pleasure trap” rather than excess hunger.

[@margaretcousins1395]

Not pharmaceuticals again Jonathan - i have come to expect more of Zoe - sorry as normally love your conversations. Just stop the junk food

[@stevelanghorn1407]

Precisely!

[@jaleneellis-weigand2310]

I agree! This was a total disappointment , and not what I expected from this podcast.

[@karenohanlon4183]

All the experts agree that Ultra processed foods and high sugar drinks are poison to the body. Reminds me of the film multiplicity . A copy of a copy of a copy. The further you go away from the original in this case the food that was real four generations ago the sicker and more obese society becomes. Instead of relying on big Pharmaceutical companies to save the obese. Make sure every school child is made real food fed in the school day. Educate them about the danger of UPF and medications with weight gain side effects. Please ask Robert Lustig on to the show.

[@artwillvideos]

No mention of cost or side effects of these drugs. I wonder why.

[@MK-vh9wz]

See the Bernie Sanders hearing of Novo Nordisk.

[@Yumi-Learning]

GLP-1 resistance in the furure if we keep taking these medicines?

[@paulp1372]

ZOE - some good perspectives discussed here but this isn't NEW SCIENCE! I respect the opinions of obesty specialists, but - the principles of leptin, ghrehlin and hormone regulation has been around for many years. It's not the only problem. 'New Science' would be to dig up the old Lancet papers; consider and continue on from the research of ecological, food & environment medicine specialists who looked at food and drink many years ago - and then it was somewhat ignored, not included/put aside. WHY? We should look into more depth about WHY food intolerances can be so different for every person and how learning about them can actually assist people lose a hell of a lot of weight - mostly trapped water weight. Question: Why have our intestinal tracts become so leaky. Why has water retention got a lot more to do with weight gain etc for many people in recent years? This would be NEW SCIENCE worth exploring! Just my pennies worth...Great science should be about exploring the bigger debate - even if it's anecdotal evidence based.

[@debbiebeemer4795]

Omg. Listen to the end. None of what you said was the new science. The new science is about the new weight loss drugs. Listen to the end before commenting.

[@Caladcholg]

​@@debbiebeemer4795I think he did and disagreed that it's new science. I agree with his disagreement.

[@DavidPodolsky]

It is not a new science, however, most people do not know about it, so it is new news for lots of people. Even 90 percent of doctors don't know this.

[@DCGreenZone]

Carnivore. Done.

[@dollyrocker40]

What I’d like to no is can I use this weight loss drug if I don’t have a full pancreas I only have small part of the head I lost it from a gallstone getting stuck in it. I definitely have that glp1 missing

[@jacquelinemcmenamin8204]

The problem with saying exercise is the answer. Obesity causes other health conditions or makes other psychical problems worse. Exercising becomes very difficult. There needs to be more help to get those people support to exercise.

[@mariad1151]

Wrong.. the cauyse are still unknown according to the science. Read Taubes

[@harryturnbull1884]

Please not another pharma promoter? Drugs as a last resort fine but as a generalised treatment like bloody statins? No way. When you going to get on the guy who strides this landscape like a colossus - Herman Pontzer.

[@RosiBed3650]

I still try to find simple words for the insane idea to keep us as "obedient food and pharma" customers. The goal a kind of patched up industrial health?! 😢

[@alcyone-rising]

the goal for me is not to eat the junk and advocate for myself against these awful "standard" maintenance meds. statins are not for me.

[@alegnalowe3679]

I had to do keto for 6 m0nths to lose 26lbs and it was very hard to get over my sugar addiction.

[@mrsbendychicken]

The food industry has a lot to answer for.

[@janenicholson1399]

Why didnt he mention the role of sleep in leptin and grehlin production .... I think it is helpful to think of obesity as a disease but I wondered who paid him. To push the drugs and not mention the role of sleep

[@Kinkle_Z]

Most obesity doctors/researchers today understand obesity as just another SYMPTOM of hyperinsulinemia, i.e., insulin resistance. Other symptoms are CVD, CKD, T2D, T3D (aka Alzheimer's), retinopathy, IBS, many autoimmune disorders and many cancers.

[@jimmiethefish]

I gained a lot of weight after being prescribed steroids for a medical condition it turned out I didn't have. It has had severe implications on my health ever since. In my country, we can't sue for misdiagnosis.

[@keithpp1]

Classical clinical trial, the hold standard, divide a group into two groups, each the same amount of fat, sugar and salt, one group natural and minimal processed food, the other group ultra processed food. The first group lost a kilo in weight, the second group gained a kilo in weight, over the duration of the trial.

[@tastesmellfeel]

for me the main evident question remains unsanswered: can one again heal these nerves via eating unprocessed foods? Is there an answer?

[@livechangechallenge]

Does this doctor have any connection with these pharmaceutical companies? So, what has saying is that the only way to cure this it to take medication? Not really helpful advice sadly 😢

[@juliepaulson6822]

He works for a weight loss pharmaceutical company. I thought he sounded super biased, too, and had to look him up... (funny, I've commented about this on here, and those comments are gone.)

[@SimonBrowneNZ]

Find out who funded the studies he references; then decide if this "advice" is useful.

[@annedupin3540]

Yes, his university says "Dr. Louis Aronne serves as a paid advisory board member for Eli Lilly and Company and Novo Nordisk."

[@SimonBrowneNZ]

@@annedupin3540 good to know , thanks

[@livechangechallenge]

@@annedupin3540 That’s sad, makes him lose all he credibility 😕

[@PeppermintPatties]

I'm not doubting this scientist, but I do wonder which companies he has perhaps received payments from!

[@karendempsey3805]

Same here, goes against my 'gut' instincts

[@daviessusan1000]

Absolutely! This should be made transparent

[@SimonBrowneNZ]

@@daviessusan1000 It is transparent, don't you think? "Obesity is a disease" and we have the drugs.

[@SimonBrowneNZ]

his university says "Dr. Louis Aronne serves as a paid advisory board member for Eli Lilly and Company and Novo Nordisk."

[@ResidualSelfImage]

Fat cells and the liver cells are the storage of glucose/energy. The bone marrow is the storage for minerals like calcium, potassium, and magnesium needed to process the glucose in the blood stream. Weight loss occurs when the metabolism is not digesting food but consuming the glucose reserves in the fat, muscle and liver cells. The glucose is burned from the digestive system first, in the muscles second, the liver cells third, and the fat cells fourth. When all the glucose is burn, the metabolism will convert protein in the muscle cells into glucose to survive ... which is why there is muscle loss in long-term fasting. Dr. Aronne is correct in focusing on brain/nervous system to the leptin hormonal response to fasting as the main challenge to fasting needed to stop eating. @20:00 the hypothalamus brain tolerance/adaptation to process foods weakens the metabolism's sensitivity to the satiety digestive regulatory hormone leptin. @35:00 The new GLP-1 antagonist medication class work on the same satiety digestive regulatory hormone homeostatic process that leptin works with

[@missp8373]

I stick to the rule of only consuming up to 25 grams of ADDED sugar a day then just eat everything else you want and I find it works for me. If you reach for a packet of biscuits in supermarket look at the list of ingredients especially the sugar per biscuit and you will see how quickly you get to 25 grams so can judge how many you can eat!

[@Kinkle_Z]

Wow... seems like a lot of sugar to me... I still have half a 5 lb bag of sugar that I bought in 1985 and I cook 99.9% of my meals at home. I also check all ingredients labels to ensure no added sugars. So since 1985 I've had about 1 kilo of sugar to your 36 kilos. Now I know who's eating all my sugar! lol

[@MaryRossetter]

As someone who has an active Zoe subscription, has REGULARLY had between 0-3% UPFs and has put ON enough weight to become obese, I’d be willing to act a scientific guinea pig.

[@ShazWag]

Very interesting and a great summary at the end. However, I know many obese people who say they don't necessarily eat out of hunger, but rather for comfort (i.e. emotional eaters). I feel that psychological interventions could also help some individuals to change their relationship with food over time, potentially preventing them from becoming lifelong big pharma slaves. Also, I feel that we need longitudinal studies, which I'm sure are going on, to better understand the possible implications of such drugs on other body systems. There's a reason humans weren't meant to naturally produce higher amounts of this peptide. Whilst I get that we no longer eat as we were designed to, we still don't know the long-term effects. For example, would those taking drugs like Ozempic be at higher risk of things like vitamin and mineral deficiencies, which could lead to other adverse effects? I also wonder if this doctor is a shareholder in pharma companies producing this (well you never know - he was certainly promoting them! 🤷🏻‍♀)

[@alicelovescats888]

Interesting how it’s normal to say “I struggle with my weight” and not “I struggle with my hunger”

[@debsykes3056]

I'm in a wheelchair and was a very healthy weight until having an op that left me with a permanent stoma and an amputated leg. I can't exercise and I'm a kg over what I use to be and feel that I'm overweight. I eat healthily and know that the weight will be going up, not down. Would I be able to, and will it be helpful for me?

[@Oxsnard81]

Unfortunately for a lot of people these glp-1 shots put you in the hospital with pancreatitis because I know I'm one after only two weeks I had such severe pain I had to go to the hospital and it was the Wegovy so there are some pretty bad side effects not to mention severe vomiting

[@BartBVanBockstaele]

If it is not about willpower, I'd like to know what allows me not to eat despite "not being full" AND "being hungry" and losing well over 65 kg, over half my body weight, in the process. I can assure people that "not being full" AND "being hungry" is not fun, and it is something that doesn't seem to go away. Yet, I am doing it anyway. That, to me, *is* willpower.

[@sarahsnowe]

Well said. The thing is, most people have never had much willpower or self-discipline. Discipline was imposed by nature (food insecurity) and social hierarchy (the rich could eat a lot and everyone else couldn't). Your medieval peasant would have loved to stuff herself with fat and sugar, but the usual fare was root vegetables, greens in season, pulses, whole grains, and maybe some eggs and milk and a little bit of meat. As long as they had a decent supply of those things (and weren't wiped out by disease, accidents, and war) they could be pretty healthy. Now, with the massive amount of food available (much or most of which isn't "food" as we understand the term), it's down to us to discipline ourselves.

[@BartBVanBockstaele]

​@@sarahsnowe You make a great point. Just because many/most people don't have enough self-discipline does not mean self-discipline is not important, it merely means that these people don't have enough self-discipline (obviously ^_^). It is no different than "athletes" pushing themselves to run faster and/or farther and get the results that go with it. People who lose weight simply push themselves lower. Like the athletes, they pay a price and that price is what we call self-discipline or willpower. Denying that is doing a profound DISservice to people. To me, it is a form of malpractice. Weight loss without willpower/self-discipline may well be possible, what do I know? But in my case, it was all about willpower.

[@3lifewellness530]

So true Bart. If there is no willpower, then how do athletes become professional, or get to the Olympics? What people like this Dr. Arrone would say (and I've been watching them) is that willpower is a temporary neurological condition that is a function of survival and works, but only in bursts. And because willpower is mentally taxing and requires a lot of energy, it is unsustainable. My POV on this is that yes it is an energy hog at first, but you begin with many willpower related behaviors until the practices become habitual and willpower morphs into a more permanent lifestyle change. Then it becomes easier to manage. Say, in your case, over time eating before feeling totally satiated will change your satiation point.

[@BartBVanBockstaele]

@@3lifewellness530 I think we largely agree. For 40+ years, I have struggled with my weight until, after endless experimentation, I found a way of eating that made me **less** hungry. Willpower drove me to never give up, and willpower is what sustains me to this day. I am hungry all the time, just tolerably so in comparison with the intolerable pain, nausea and vomiting that prevented me in the past. Will the hunger ever disappear? I sure hope so, but it just as sure hasn't yet. I have become more used to the tolerable hunger, which is not nearly the same as 'not being hungry'. I am guessing that your example of athletes is exactly the same. People should not be told that "it's not about willpower". That, to me, is a plain lie, and medical malpractice. Telling people what they love to hear when it is known to be untrue is simply not acceptable.

[@Kinkle_Z]

Did you listen to the video? It was explained. Your body will be relentless in pushing you to regain those 65 kg. Fortunately I'm losing weight without "willpower"... Taking up a carnivore or ketovore lifestyle keeps you full, happy and losing weight. So why are you suffering? Check out Dr. Ken Berry's YT channel.

[@keithpp1]

A graph drawn in the US showing a steady increase in weight, then a kink in the graph in the mid-1970s with a faster increase in weight over time. The graph is the same for different ethnic groups and different age groups. What happened in the mid-1970s? The introduction of ultra-processed foods.

[@Sufferfish]

56:30 some is your fault. Some people go through hard stuff to lose weight, gain strength, gain stamina, get a better job, etc etc. I'm 120lbs and if I just start eating whatever I gain weight. So I make myself watch what I'm eating again so I don't keep gaining. Some people are just lazy not fat but fat and lazy despite diet

[@Kinkle_Z]

It sounds like you aren't insulin resistant which is what the morbidly obese are. Good for you!

[@DrRyguy24]

I appreciate the new paradigm of treating obesity as a disease, but I would have appreciated a more in-depth discussion of the etiology of, the cause of the “nerve damage.” I’d love to see a more thorough conversation about that.

[@DisturbedAidan2]

Of course exercise alone won't lose weight if you overeat, but exercise is helpful to weight loss through burning calories and increasing muscle, which can increase the motabolism.

[@meganw686]

I found this really informative. I have some concerns- not about the accuracy of the information tho, more about some gaps (well, i think they are gaps 🙂). No mention of perimenopause and menopause- major system changes with an impact on many pathways which also influence weight gain. Exercise MAY not have an enormous influence on weight (but- as other people have posted- the type of exercise counts, and it does have some influence) However it has major positive impacts on multiple aspects of health beyond weight loss. It also influences metabolic syndrome conditions. This was not explicitly acknowledged.

[@decky9995]

Excuse me but how can you say it is not persona;l fault. Making a choice to eat or not to eat certain food is a personal decision that carries all consequences that cannot be transferred to something else.

[@Kinkle_Z]

What about all those kids in the rural south who lost all their baby teeth due to drinking Mountain Dew every day. Was it their personal fault? Don't you have to be fully informed of the dangers of a substance before you can be blamed?

[@c.leee.5613]

The elephant in the room? Dr. Aronne, while clearly not obese, is overweight. That does send a discomforting message. Just look at the host and then across the table at the weight expert. Hmmm.

[@janekellett304]

His waistline does look more than 40”

[@carolinebennett5615]

That doesn’t follow for me. He’s an expert on the SCIENCE of weight loss. He doesn’t look trim, but he doesn’t look “fat”. Even if he was, would that mean his research was faulty? He could be an expert on diabetes but not diabetic, or he could be diabetic. What difference does it make?

[@timcorso6337]

Why is Zoe selling plant based supplements? I thought we could get all the heathy nutrients or body need by eating a healthy diet. Oh wait we need something to buy. I guess the fancy glucose monitoring kits are making enough money.

[@KazziH]

Was there a placebo effect in the controls?

[@rickhodgkins6937]

I have a rare form of obesity, called Hypothalamic Obesity, because I have damage to my pituitary gland and hypothalamus eversince birth. Does this doctor know anything about that? Thank you!

[@kevinjones7505]

If you cant lose weight despite trying it is your fault because you never bothered to learn how to manage and repair your health so that you can. Exercise is crucial to not only losing fat but managing your health in general. Thank you Capt Obvious for telling us we can control our weight. A doctor (especially with a gut like this guy) who tells you that you need drugs and no exercise is a quack. You can do it naturally. You don't repair the damage of processed foods with more chemicals.

[@jeremywvarietyofviewpoints3104]

This is a fantastic video.

[@brettmasonmedia]

I don’t know how to trust someone that misunderstands survival of the fittest so badly. It hasn’t nothing to do with fit as in body fat. It’s that which fits bets in the environment among other things.

[@ashleykostyniuk4677]

The whole quote is: “It is not the strongest species that survive, nor the most intelligent, but the most adaptable to change.” So by that theory, Dr. Aronne would be correct. An animal with excess fat would be better able to adapt to a change in environment that leads to famine.

[@stevefenney5812]

With the right approach, exercise (i.e. 'unnecessary' and conscious physical activity) = fat loss. It can also shift body composition so that the muscle mass : fat mass ratio is higher. This in turn increases basal metabolism (see below). Not all types of exercise is equally effective. For example, it's quite comfortable to eat before cycling, during cycling, and after cycling. This is not the case with running as the guts are shaken about far more and it is generally more intensive (higher average HR). Also, running generally requires a lower bodyweight than cycling (unless a high amount of elevation cycled), therefore the body adapts to this. Exercise can represent the daily energy deficit for fat loss if intake is equal to basal metabolism + daily living requirements. For example: Basal Metabolism = 1500 kcals DLA = 500 kcals Exercise = 500 kcals (e.g. run 5 miles, cycle 15 miles, walk 10 miles - DON"T COUNT INCIDENTAL STEPS - these are part of DLA) Daily Energy intake = 2000 kcals Daily energy deficit = Exercise = 500 kcals Weekly energy deficit = 3500 kcals = 1lb (0.5kg approx.) fat loss per week. Not to even mention all of the other physio-psycho-social benefits of exercise.

[@Kinkle_Z]

Yes but we're talking about the morbidly obese, generally house-ridden population where any exercise that taxes joints and/or organs is DANGEROUS. For those folks, weight loss should be directed strictly by diet until they're at a safe weight to begin mild exercise.

[@fleurmp3820]

Amazing!

[@appl314]

What meds initiated weight gain?

[@Lisa_Mojica]

I feel full fast and don't eat a lot but have gained weight.

[@Monicalala]

I urge you then to watch Secret Eaters

[@ResidualSelfImage]

@6:20 Dr Aronne uses the American BMI standard for non Asians. The BMI standard for Asians is stricter/smaller by 1.0....BMI is an approximate estimate of overall fat cell mass size (both the more dangerous visceral adipose tissue around the organs and subcutaneous fat under the skin that is less dangerous)

[@hello3146]

I was disappointed when he was not asked WHY he strongly implied that people should not take these drugs until they were obese. “ We should not conflate” he said. People who are just a bit overweight will take lower dosages for less time so doesn’t that mean LESS risk? It seems to me that, yes, people who are obese will benefit more from losing the weight and not getting sick BUT isn’t it logical to believe that overweight people will be helped by a more conservative intervention? As well, I am hearing this caution everywhere and never are the risks of being “plump” compared with the risks of taking the drug for a short time (or intermittently) examined with any scientific backup. It seems to be a hysterical reaction not based on data. Certainly the data is not provided. Otherwise, thank you for this excellent interview!

[@alcyone-rising]

there are many many other places to get this data you mention. try Physionic. he's brilliant and breaks down these studies to make them actually have meaning.

[@cassandrapno]

Found this conversation to be utterly hopeless.

[@daleellis6050]

Such crap that prescription meds are needed to stop obesity. I treated mine in my 80s, and stopped type 2 diabetes too, by going WFPB organic (to eliminate pesticides and herbicides). Now at 91 years, I no longer concern myself with obesity and its effects.

[@jesssantiago1]

I disagree with you. Obesity is a person's fault because he has a choice on whether to eat processed food (Donuts, soft drinks) or real food (eggs, water) 😬

[@Kinkle_Z]

The problem is that an obese person is literally starving to death. None of the energy they take in is going to feed their cells because they are insulin resistant. Their bodies are screaming, "Keep going! We're starving!" and so they comply.

[@Kinkle_Z]

The problem is that an obese person is literally starving to death. None of the energy they take in is going to feed their cells because they are insulin resistant. Their bodies are screaming, "Keep going! We're starving!" and so they comply.

[@drpestwick1]

Okay, scientist. Please publish your research 😒

[@jo-annecook7333]

Headlines to talk promised much. Listened with hopefulness And trust in Zoe. Very disappointed. Can i trust this man ? Where is the evidence and independent peer review of the science ? If it is true and the pill is the cure for obesity well hard luck it is only available for a few and NO hope as the rest wait 5 years for development or more pills. Helpful advice now please. Jo-Anne

[@jackhowarth2600]

Rubbish. The crux of weight gain with age is the accumulated metabolic dysfunctions induced from degraded mitochondrial function. The biggest lie told by the medical establishment is that the elevated BMI with age (shown in the smartbmi calculator for example) is 'normal'. It is not. What it represents is the weight accumulation caused by your metabolism slowing down from mitochondrial damage. Restoring your glutathione levels, inducing mitochondrial repair, mitophagy (destruction of irreversibly damaged mitochondria), autophagy (removal of accumulated waste from within cells) and senolytics to destroy senescent cells (whose secretions impact the performace of neighboring normal cells) in concert with significant exercise everyday is the key.

[@Kinkle_Z]

Best comment in the comment section! (imho)

[@notrueflagshere198]

Some study says that eating broccoli reduces leptin resistance.