Three ways to prevent diabetes | Professor Naveed Sattar

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In today’s episode, we’re talking about a disease so widespread it touches nearly every family in some way - type 2 diabetes. This is not just a health issue, it's a rapidly expanding crisis. And many people don’t even know they have it.
In the US alone, 100 million face prediabetes, while over 37 million grapple with type 2 diabetes, a serious and chronic condition with life-altering consequences.
Professor Naveed Sattar joins us to shed light on preventing, treating, and potentially reversing type 2 diabetes. Naveed is a medical doctor and Professor of Metabolic Medicine at the Institute of Cardiovascular & Medical Sciences at the University of Glasgow. He’s one of the world’s top 1% most cited clinical scientists and has worked on many clinical trials of lifestyle changes and drugs to prevent and manage diabetes.
Find out your diabetes risk score:
If you are in the UK follow this link www.diabetes.org.uk/diabetes-...
If you are in the US follow this link
www.cdc.gov/diabetes/takethet...
If you want to uncover the right foods for your body, head to joinzoe.com/podcast and get 10% off your personalised nutrition program.
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Timecodes:
00:00 Introduction
01:00 Topic introduction
02:28 Quick fire questions
05:59 What is blood sugar and why does it matter?
07:45 What is insulin and what is its relation to blood sugar and diabetes?
09:32 Why doesn't the body allow sugar to increase in the blood?
11:33 What happens when somebody gets pre-diabetes or type 2?
15:32 What is HBA1C?
18:12 Why has there been such an increase in diabetes?
24:28 How does muscle mass have any impact on diabetes?
26:38 Are risks different between men and women?
28:55 How does ethnicity come into this?
32:55 What other personal risk factors are there?
34:18 What are the symptoms of diabetes?
35:47 When do these symptoms begin?
37:00 What should you do if you have concerns?
38:22 How to find out your own likelihood of risk
40:37 How can we avoid getting diabetes?
44:15 How can we combat genetic risk factors?
46:44 Is it possible to lower blood sugar and reverse the effects of diabetes?
49:42 What is the science behind the new drugs coming on the market?
51:58 Summary
56:09 Goodbyes
Mentioned in today’s episode:
Primary care-led weight management for remission of type 2 diabetes (DiRECT): an open-label, cluster-randomised trial, published in The Lancet
Link: pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/29221...
Is there a nutrition topic you’d like us to explore? Email us at [e-mail] and we’ll do our best to cover it.
Episode transcripts are available here: joinzoe.com/learn/category/po...

[@matthewcreelman1347]

One of the best Zoe podcasts so far - bring back Dr Sattar more often!

[@linngu2594]

Many of us mistaking eating a lot of fruits as we think they are good. BUT fructose from fruits is as bad as sugar. Watch out

[@Shutityou]

Fruit juice is absolutely terrible. Fruit not so bad.

[@larsgustafmartin2556]

And it's always "fruit and vegetables". The vege part pretty OK, the fruit part selldom ok.

[@daphneruthsebastian1244]

Yes. Agreed. But do not stop fruits. Eat guava , plum and peaches in moderation with small amounts of other fruits at least once or twice a day. We need their nutrients. Eat after a fibre rich meal if you want. The worst is to make a fruit juice or smoothie and gulp it down. Eat the fruit as it is. And chew.

[@pietrocantuccini5584]

The biggest myth I myself fell victim to: Only 'fat' people are in danger. Couldn't have been wronger (at 1.83m, 74 kg, mediterranian-ish diet for decades), and had to learn it the hard way when my feet started freezing and going semi-numb in mid-September. RAYNAUD Syndrome and diabetes diagnosis! No clues from the GPs as to the causes. Had to find out the dozen or so possible reasons from the NHS website and then examine where I fell short: 1.) Only ca. 6 hrs sleep and 2) sedentary body position for most of the day (for 15 years)! What I was MSSING in this talk was that starch (white pasta & rice gets also metabolised into sugar) can be a much worse a culprit than sugar out of the pack to spice one's tea/coffee. (Just cut out sweet bottled beverages). Without denouncing self-made rhubarb/damson cakes I rid myself of T2D within 4 years. BUT, the damages T2D did, they stayed (peripheral neuropathies). DON'T GO THERE.

[@daphneruthsebastian1244]

Yes. Thanks for sharing and here’s praying you will enjoy better help all round.

[@tullochgorum6323]

Prof Taylor at Newcastle Uni has discovered that the great majority of Type II is caused by excess visceral fat around the liver and pancreas. This is a major discovery that I predict will win him a Nobel. He also discovered that there is a wide range of genetic variation. Some unfortunates are genetically susceptible and can experience symptoms with very little excess fat. Others can be obese without becoming symptomatic. So it's very likely that although you consider yourself lean, your issues are still caused by visceral fat.

[@pietrocantuccini5584]

@@tullochgorum6323 What you write about Taylor's findings is not really a surprise to me and does not sound like a 'revolutionary discovery', hence I doubt it will merit a Nobel prize. Visceral fat has direct links to higher levels of cholesterol in the bloodstream., is linked to insulin resistance & high blood pressure and usually makes up roughly 10% of total body fat. Think of my body being similar to Mick Jagger's, apart from my prettier legs, and you'll recognise your mistaken assumption. Also, none of expensive imaging [CT, MRI, fMRI] or other tests (privately paid) have ever shown positive indicators. I'm afraid you'll have to get moving regularly AND stop burning the midnight candles on both ends. That's how my issue WAS resolved.

[@susanchristian1665]

Brilliant. One of the best episodes yet. Professor Sattar is a pleasure to listen to, with sensible, non panic-inducing suggestions.

[@jobrown8146]

I went low carb and remitted my diabetes. *Without even trying I lost 25% of my weight* (5', mid 60s F, went from 80kg down to 60kg) and now weigh what I did in the mid 1980s before I had children.

[@daphneruthsebastian1244]

My husband did keto for three months and lost 15 kg. But was advised not to do it long term. Low carb for two years earned me ketoacidosis and C reactive protein. My blood sugar also went higher instead of lower. I finally realised low carb is for a season only to kickstart health benefits. But I’m now following a whole foods whole grain diet no sugar and it works well for me. Sugar level going down. And I enjoy eating well. Lentil soups with many vegetables added , chickpeas in various recipes ( chickpeas really help lower sugar ) green veg in many recipes etc I found the diet that suits me.

[@jobrown8146]

@@daphneruthsebastian1244 "I found the diet that suits me." Exactly! We have to find what works for _us_

[@yubrshen]

Very helpful podcast. I wish there is a more straightforward summary of the 3 ways to prevent diabetics. Here is my attempt: 1. Control/reduce weight or the fat especially at the belly, by changing and controlling diet; 2. Exercise, especially to increase muscle mass; 3. Sleep well (by reducing stress); Please help to improve the summary.

[@CeoraSaxophones]

Fibre....add more to diet and reduce or eliminate as far as possible refined carbohydrates and seed oils that tip the balance of omega 6 too high.

[@aneeshzutshi3419]

I reversed my diabetes by removing all carbs and going on a high fat carnovore diet. This is the best solution i have and i wonder why these doctors still dont get it!

[@karengrice2303]

Avoid refined white sugar, white flour and potatoes. To satisfy your sweet tooth, eat and bake with fresh whole fruit so you get the benefit of the fiber which helps to slow the increase of blood sugar.

[@RC-dx6vu]

​@CeoraSaxophones does your advice imply reducing, or eliminating seeds oil as well as the seeds themselves, such as chia or linseed? Thanks.

[@RC-dx6vu]

​@@karengrice2303brown sugar's just as bad I'm afraid

[@bettesmith1117]

Helpful to hear it broken down. Thank you.

[@stevelanghorn1407]

Professor Sattar clearly has a very practical, realistic approach to helping people deal with this brewing epidemic. Very refreshing compared to some other “trendy”, extreme diet restricting approaches & their associated KZbin “gurus”. When you witness the health condition of many people (including the young) in some areas of Britain, moderate, step-by-step personal lifestyle changes may be the best tactic. Radical methods could well be short-lived, costly & unfeasible given an individual’s actual life circumstances.

[@wackthegood8884]

Well said!

[@auntyjo1792]

I live in Scotland: it's only getting worse. Tbh I'd welcome some radical thinking and action from government, while accepting your point that you meet people where they are and encourage sustainable change.

[@bulkbiker]

Not really.. some people find "moderation" really hard.. for them reducing their carbohydrate consumption drastically will help them with blood sugar regulation. I couldn't eat a little bread I used to eat the whole loaf because I was an addict. I found that my blood glucose regulation improved drastically even before I achieved significant weight loss. The weight loss was a useful by product of changing what I ate to an ultra low carb/ketogenic way of eating.

[@stevelanghorn1407]

@@bulkbiker Good point. Whatever approach is best for the individual is the right one. I was thinking more about public health interventions, especially in our more deprived areas where people are filling up on cheap unhealthy fodder in local discount supermarkets like B&M Bargains etc. It’s very worrying.

[@TorBoy9]

That was a great overview of T2 diabetes. Though exercise and increased muscle mass was discussed, changes to diet was not. This was a missing link, and especially from a South Asian doc, an ethnicity that has a lot of rice and wheat flatbreads. Great interview anyway.

[@jobrown8146]

I noticed that too. I went low carb and remitted my diabetes. Without even trying I lost 25% of my weight and now weigh what I did in the mid 1980s before I had children.

[@shbfy]

Brilliant explanations and information from Naveed!

[@Bijlsmaa]

Applause! This professor is just linking it all together. In a comprehensive way. Love it. Listing to it for the 2nd time now.

[@MMartin-pt9yv]

and has done so for many decades - that's why health in Glasgow is so good.......

[@myopenmind527]

It would be great if you could get Prof. Roy Taylor on your podcast and /or the GP and T2DM guru Dr. David Unwin and his wife.

[@jimhollyjarrad2221]

I have pcos so have an increased risk of diabetes and heart disease so I have watched my weight for the last 30 years but now going through the menopause which increases the risk further. Hbiac comes back as normal but I have always put weight on around the middle so am apple shape (and only 5ft 2in) and never on hips or thighs. During my 2 weeks of glucose monitoring on Zoe it showed mine raises to above 9, a few things seemed to increase it - humus being one which was a shock which is part of the reason for joining Zoe to try and reduce my waist (which is 39 inches currently), white bread (don't tend to eat bread generally) and also mashed potato increased it to over 8.5 as well. Some things are obvious, some are not so I'm hopeful the Zoe program will help as I think I am potentially insulin resistant (which is common in pcos) but my GP will not do a OGTT but has recommended I try wegovy injections (UK). I exercise and do weights 4-5 times a week which I started doing regularly almost 2 years ago, I fast most days as well so only eat 2 meals a day. Good podcast to watch, will be interesting to see if Zoe helps me .....

[@annefricker8474]

This all sounds so familiar. I don’t have pcos Humous is my downfall! I would love to know how you get on. I’m

[@siroyal2040]

Fantastic information thanks

[@user-po9wj7nt6v]

That was a wonderful interview. I learned so much .i am from Canada , and I truly take your podcasts as a much needed information highway to better my knowledge of health. . At 75 years old still working , it is one of the best places for me to gain constant knowledge , pls keep it up Jonathan we need you. 😘

[@barbh6987]

I agree people who walk their dogs have so much advantage on mental and body health. 😊 I fostered a dog once and I noticed that right away 😮

[@karengrice2303]

Totally true. My husband has mild diabetes due to family genetics but he has been able to keep it under control by getting him a companion dog and walking with him every day. He also is on a very healthy Whole Foods diet with no processed foods or sugary treats.

[@Hiltie1]

Brilliant Doctor and humble. I wish he was my Doctor.

[@insparks782]

My HbA1c was 54 mmol/mol when I was diagnosed Type 2 in October. With lifestyle changes I've just managed to get it down to 26 mmol/mol. My doctor is so pleased they're going to take me off Metformin. Honestly I was stunned at quite how powerful the changes I've made have been.

[@OneSweetDay489]

What were those changes?

[@marymorgan6943]

Thank you, this was really useful for me. So much is said about preventing type 2 diabetes and the imperative of loosing weight, but very little on specifics for those with diabetes who are not overweight. I was diagnosed at 23 - in my 70's now. I am not overweight and never have been [54/ 55kg]. I have a healthy, vegetarian diet, and get some exercise, primarily walking my dog who likes to stop and sniff a lot - but I now realise I need to think about muscle mass. I probably do very little about that. I would be grateful for more podcasts for people like me - I can't be the only one, surely. Thank you again.

[@stormwalker321]

thank you very much Professor Naveed

[@lindacoffin5110]

Thanks!

[@sylviasolder7389]

Waaaooh, this is the best information yet so far about T2D. Thank you so much.

[@fullbellygod]

This Jonathan Wolf guy is a very, very good interviewer. I love the way he recaps things and gets clarification on the most important points. This video is one of the best summaries on this subject that I have ever seen. A lot of those points we already know in one way or the other, but here they are explained in such a clear way.

[@gloriareszler4196]

So agree - I wish I'd I known this critical info years ago! Our health care system must be spreading the word in a more aggressive way to educate us much early in life! I do enjoy listening to Jonathan ... but I do find his frentic hand waving quite distracting. Perhaps the camera could overcome his natural way of talking by raising the camera level to hide this.

[@fullbellygod]

Maybe the whole thing could be described like this: 1) obesity; (2) “low-fat foods” replaced with pure junk to maintain flavor; (3) Calling vegetable oil “vegetable oil” instead of poison; (4) processed foods. I saw an aerial-shot taken of beachcombers in the 70’s. Everybody looked slim and healthy. Then the food industry screwed up everything. Was (is) criminal.

[@macsmiffy2197]

I used to have a really healthy lifestyle: no upfs, plenty of exercise etc.; then I got osteoarthritis in the hip, thyroid going crazy, chronic inflammation, insomnia linked to pain and all this post menopausal . My diet has remained the same, but weight has ballooned. The good news is I get a hip replacement very soon, I’m finally getting GP help on thyroid, so hopefully, I can start getting back to my old self. Lifestyle “choices” are not always the choice we would like.

[@darryllegault7431]

Excellent thanks very much

[@hughmnyks]

Thanks for this! Great interview. Zoe keeps improving my knowledge of Type 2 and I've reduced my HBA1C to 45 - now fighting to keep it there or reduce it. Pretty radical dietary changes (NOT dieting) and pushing my little dog Charlie harder (he loves it) have helped no end.

[@lynlawley8903]

So could you express what changes the most to help I'm finding I'm putting weight on and have a knée prob and not walking at the moment

[@florameng521]

@@lynlawley8903you may try going to the pool instead of walking

[@johncoffey1483]

Quality video, thank you very much.

[@sandrasmith5943]

This was the best interview ever! Thank you for explaining diabetes and prediabetes and what to do. I have been told I have liver fat and this has helped me understand it. I am thin on the outside and fat inside ‘TOFI’. Same as Johnathan. Thank you both for such good advice.

[@sheilahenderson5973]

So very interesting, thank you

[@davidr1431]

Was the professor specifically asked not to comment on insulin resistance or why we get fat? I would’ve loved to hear his take on whether we get fat because we are insulin resistance, or become insulin resistant because we get fat (and then explain why we get fat). What he said was very interesting but ultimately a bit unsatisfying because of what was not said.

[@carolstaines]

brilliant analogies and explanations from Professor Sattar!!

[@geraldinegarcka5598]

Loved this. Very informative.

[@gordslater]

thank you for the helpful stock footage illustrating and clarifying men and women - I always get them mixed up somehow

[@aprilblossoms4]

lol!

[@Sparkling-Cyanide]

😂

[@The_Relaxation_Coach]

That was really interesting, thank you

[@KEG242]

It would be great if there was a discussion about Type 1 diabetes with Prof Sattar.

[@veronicaroberts-williams3878]

Doesn't answer why people are getting fatter. Ultra processed foods and processes carbs.

[@merv190]

McDonalds

[@macsmiffy2197]

Portions of fish and chips are double the size they were in the 1970s and no one complained they didn’t get enough then.

[@pietrocantuccini5584]

@@merv190That's what the researchers at the Human Gut Project initially suspected. Makes sense, but is wrong. (Martin Blaser: Missing Microbes)

[@luukdeboer1974]

Other experts say the mechanism of gaining weight has to do with a high carbohydrate intake that's stored as fat through insulin

[@mikmo597]

Great episode. Enjoyed it completely.

[@pn2543]

exactly what I needed to hear, thanks so much, gonna get right on building that muscle mass asap!

[@fav5504]

I am pre diabetic and run regularly since diagnosis have upped the gels on race day to keep energy high. you have just explained why I need to wee more on the run. Thank you

[@fav5504]

Apple gal 👍

[@bulkbiker]

" have upped the gels on race day to keep energy high" very poor idea indeed.. more sugar really won't help..

[@fav5504]

@@bulkbiker Thank you 🙏

[@elainebraindrain3174]

Im age 70 aic 13. Suffering greatly.

[@aryabastani]

Unbelievably, there was no mention of Intermittent Fasting as a powerful tool. Bring on the real expert. Dr. Jason Fung.

[@davidr1431]

That will never happen on Zoe, although it should, if for no other reason than balance.

[@hashimi.5728]

I typically fast for nearly 23 hours each day, consuming a dinner that's rich in fiber and protein, with a modest amount of carbohydrates, between 6-7 pm. This meal doesn't cause a significant increase in my blood sugar levels; they peak at 135mg/dl post-meal and drop back to around 100mg/dl within three hours. In addition to my daily routine, I make it a point to walk approximately 4-5 km before bed and another 5 km during the day, totaling about 10 km of walking every day. Before bedtime, my blood sugar levels are usually between 95-105mg/dl. However, during the night, I notice fluctuations, with my blood sugar levels oscillating between 115 to 150 mg/dl. Upon waking, the levels are about 120-125mg/dl, which then decrease to below 100 mg/dl by noon, thanks to my fasting state. Despite this active lifestyle and dietary management, my general practitioner diagnosed me with insulin resistance, indicating a HomaIR score of 4.7. I'm puzzled by these patterns and would like to understand why this is happening.

[@mrlndbr]

A c-peptide test would indicate normal, versus low or high levels of insulin.

[@hashimi.5728]

@@mrlndbr I am not sure if it is cpeptide, but they checked insulin when i went to my house doctor, Insulin was i fasted state around: 20mU/l

[@ethio7557]

Dear friend You did and tried all . Very motivational and good inspiration for all of us. May be I want to add one great spice which is nothing but our lord Jesus who can help you more. Pray. God be with you!!

[@RK-fi7ek]

Why don't you reduce your carbohydrate intake and have your meal before noon?

[@alphatauran]

Shredded Wheat? If it's the same as the shredded wheat in Canada, I'm afraid that is not going to be good for your blood sugar.

[@gloriareszler4196]

I am glad to hear about muscle mass and fat. As a 76 yr old who has been losing muscle mass as a 'normal' part of aging, I am now my understanding the importance of improving my poor muscle mass!

[@rc261940]

Very Best Doctor I ever lessen to regards Diabetics I learn Lots from Dr.Naveed how to avoid not to get Diabetes I am 83 Years old on Border line but now with Dr. Naveed advice I will try to reeves. EXCELLENT work best regards for both of You from Serbian Canadian Professional Ex-Boxer .

[@plumjam1351]

Could the good doc discuss insulin resistance. If we have this control mechanism for uptake of glucos5, why does it malfunction?

[@evyn9978]

Very interesting info. But also infuriating that I shouldn’t worry if I don’t get diabetes until I’m 75, because it will then develop slowly over 5-15 years. But what then? A friend died at 101, & any advice that would have made those last 10 years more enjoyable would have been welcome. So, what will create the best 25 years between 75 and 100+? Would love to know!

[@rachelchaprunne9114]

If you follow Dan buettner the blue zones guy, you'll get that healthy longevity info there. It's about the people living longest and healthiest in small populations around the world

[@bulkbiker]

@@rachelchaprunne9114 Fortunately the "Blue zones" nonsense has been debunked a number of times.

[@pietrocantuccini5584]

Find out what can cause T2D, adapt your lifestyle accordingly if need be, and you won't need to worry.

[@dilshaddegum4938]

I watch this video a lot of times very informative video -i am from pakistan 🇵🇰

[@BsktImp]

Doesn't seem to address the scenario of continuing chronic insulin resistance & systemic inflammation despite a patient reversing high blood glucose following diet and lifestyle modifications. Renormalised blood sugar levels alone can be deceptive.

[@applegal3058]

I agree, I think he tried to keep things general and for the main cause if diabetes. Perhaps he'll be back on here to go into more details.

[@odillyjohnson4062]

​@applega😅l3058

[@susanchristian1665]

The problem with online Diabetes risk scores is that they make assumptions about muscle massd and fat based on just a couple of measurements, no account is taken of exervise levels which would surely make a difference.

[@rossmurray6849]

I have a question that I've been trying to get an answer for for some. It is when does the body start putting on visceral fat, and when can you be sure that you've eliminated visceral fat you were carrying? Naveed seems to suggest an answer when he says at 18:20, "more people have got to the point where they can no longer store fat peripherally." so, there's a buffer of some amount of excess fat over your ideal waist measurement that the additional fat will be subcutaneous, and less harmful. Is that buffer 5 or 10 pounds, or what? Is it less for men because they tend to put on belly fat first, while women start storing excess fat elsewhere? And is visceral fat last to be added but also last to be eliminated? If the buffer is , say, 10 pounds and you've been well over that. Can you get down to 10 pounds over your ideal weight and the excess visceral fat will be gone, or do you need to get down to your ideal weight to eliminate accumulated visceral fat but you could then put up to 10 pounds back on when would then be stored as subcutaneous fat? Or the short version of my question: is visceral fat the last to be added but also the last to be eliminated?

[@Bexyboo88]

I scored 'Low' (35 years old female) got just 5 points from the "Relatives with diabetes" question.

[@cairozulu6700]

What causes weight loss for diabetics?

[@kevanhess2105]

Simply change your lifestyle!It's all about the type of food you eat.Cut out Starchy foods eg. BREAD,POTATOES,RICE,PASTA ETC.CUT OUT PROCESSED FOOD.CUT DOWN THE CARBS .Eat less or no sugar.Eat fatty meat and real food.Dont over exercise.They didn't once mention what cause the Fat excess and how to combat it.Sugar in all the food is the main reason.SUGAR IS TOXIC.TRY A KETO Life Style.❤

[@gracelynmeade5640]

Excellent podcast. Diabetes preventative should be taught in schools from primary age. Prevention is paramount.

[@j-uk2189]

Also, how do to check if your pancreas is not working correctly? Fasting insulin or c peptide?

[@floatingisland544]

Very interesting, but it seems Professor Naveed Sattar, sadly does not know that women who are (peri)menopausal do start storing more subcutaneous and belly fat, due to the decrease in hormones and become more at risk of type 2 diabetes. Jonathan did try to bring it up, but the Professor didn't really respond to that......

[@skilla2542]

Good point. And HRT can mitigate that risk potentially.

[@macsmiffy2197]

I hate to tell you it gets worse in your late 60s. Try and keep on top of it while you can. It’s an uphill battle.

[@floatingisland544]

@@macsmiffy2197 Sorry to hear that, have you tried HRT?

[@darceebidgood8159]

belly fat & visceral fat are different

[@pietrocantuccini5584]

IMO slightly amending your diet to improve your microbiome might do the trick. Whatever you like to eat, carry on with it, no sacrifices necessary. BUT, add a variety of vegetables/salads (oil+vinegar dressings) to your menues and meke them to be half the volume of your meal. For more ideas I'd recommend Tim Spector's book SPOON-FED.

[@PatrickHutton]

Does weight training (Squat, Deadlift, Press, and Bench Press) help against diabetes risk? And does increased lean body mass affect diabetes risk?

[@davekenny8292]

Try relistening to the podcast. All your qestions were answered

[@ChuckleberrySoup]

Yes weight resistance training is the way to increase muscle mass which will moderate excess glucose

[@gloriasaliba3395]

Yes to both

[@angatherton5236]

Yes, weight training lowers the risk of metabolic disease, the more muscle mass you have the more glucose you burn. Increase protein 1g per kilogram of what you weigh minimum. Try and eliminate any seed oils from the diet and add a couple of tablespoons of good olive oil to the diet either as part of salad dressing, homemade mayonnaise or use during cooking. Eat whole fruits and veg and stay away from processed ready meals.

[@akhusal]

Biggest myth people think carbohydrates like rice, bread, pasta etc are not made of long chains of the sugar glucose.

[@auntyjo1792]

Yes I thought that was a shame not to point that out.

[@SydneyCollin]

Exactly. All carbs break down into sugar which fuels diabetes. Wonder why that wasn't part of the discussion?

[@davidr1431]

@@SydneyCollinbecause it’s Zoe, and they do not want any confusion around whole food carbs being healthy.

[@bulkbiker]

@@davidr1431 They aren't "healthy" if you have T2 diabetes though...

[@davidr1431]

@@bulkbiker I’m not sure they are “heathy” at all but you might be able to tolerate them if you are healthy.

[@mpvsystems9302]

I'm very interested in diabetes in athletes. I'm now 60, but was diagnosed with Type 2 at the age of 50, and I've had to move from Metformin to Ozempic to keep my HbA1C to 7%. I'm of Scottish descent (mainly). My BMI hovers around 22 and I execise aerobically (cycling) between six and eight hours per week. My lipids, blood pressure and V02 are exceptionally good for my age, but I can't beat back the HbA1C much below 6.5%. I have noticed that my glucose rises consistently when I excercise with intensity and I staring to wonder if intense exercise is driving my HbA1C levels up. I'm would love an episode that explores T2D in TOFI individuals who are also athletic. Cheers/

[@davidr1431]

Do you fuel with carbs? On another podcast a professor called Tim Noakes talked about his T2diagnosis while being very fit and a healthy BMI, and put it down to how he was fuelling his body with carbs.

[@MMartin-pt9yv]

Maybe swap the intense exercise with yoga and gentle weight lifting for a month?

[@Meathead-10810]

I did my own n=1 study and corrected the following health problems, you could try it too if you have these symptoms obesity, prediabetes, loose teeth, bleeding gums, sensitive teeth cold sores, blocked sinuses, mouth breathing, left eye twitches (tetany) heartburn, calf cramps, yellow stool, blood in stool edema below the knees, painful feet when walking, sunburn is less shoulder, back and neck pain after waking, lower back pain and stiffness 5+ Years on the carnivore lifestyle now :) Eat Meat, Not Too Little, Mostly Fat

[@linngu2594]

I was once on pre-diabetic despite having a pretty healthy lifestyle & thin , rarely consume cakes or alcohol, eat plenty veg. & quality meat mostly organic, run 7kmpw, & yoga dance … 4 hrs/ pw but severely under sleep 5 hrs/ night. I reduce bread from 4 slices to 2 max/ day & small bowl of rice/ day & eat much more veg & exercise the legs muscle but can’t fix the sleep . Now I am fine. Like the interviewer I am TOFI - thin layer of fat on liver but don’t understand why when my diet is pretty lean.

[@Caliconekomew]

You’re adding too much pressure on the body by eating too restrictively.The exercise amount does not make a good combo either.Too much exercise with little calories+nutrients lead to production of glucose instead of balancing them,much like counterintuitive response by the body.Maybe u need to try changing the diet-focus more on low carbs, high healthy fats but dont be too generous,make it moderate/take them frequently.Exercise moderately too

[@applegal3058]

The women in my mom's family with small hips and larger stomachs and breasts also have diabetes. I'm so glad I inherited the small boobs and larger thighs/butt and smaller waist. I may have gotten other negative genes, but my blood work is always perfect for sugars and now liver enzymes are perfect with antiretroviral meds (my grandmother died from Hepatitis B, and passed it onto my mom and then to myself). As someone who saw suffering in my family due to diabetes and arthritis, I try my best not to have the same issues...at least not to such a severe extent.

[@shantishanti1949]

What about losing weight via Ozempic ? As an older person needing to lose weight it is harder - Ozempic will make it easy - however now I hear you lose muscle with the fat weight so it won’t help with avoiding diabetes. Is this a worry that needs to be discussed???

[@applegal3058]

From what I've seen online, increasing protein intake and exercise is recommended along with ozempic.

[@bulkbiker]

As soon as you stop taking the drugs the weight will come back (probably with a bit more for good measure) . Best avoided.

[@denisgonsalves504]

Can a diabetic patient take extra dose of the tablets when his sugar counts go high? And continue to do it to avoid taking insulin injections

[@MeMe-ll4tp]

He sounds like a spokesman for the pharmaceutical complex industry.

[@Annemarieke58]

So sorry to find out, if not resident of UK or US one can't do a test.....

[@MrBlaxjax]

Robert lustig has written a lot about this. Overconsumption of sugar is an enemy regardless of body weight. Sugar is processed by the liver (just like its near twin alcohol). Sugar is converted into fat and stored in the liver eventually leading to fatty liver disease. The liver can literally get filled up with fat and then the body stores visceral fat all around the central body organs. In the initial stages you could really be quite skinny but a belly of more than 40” in men is indicative of metabolic syndrome (probably caused by liver generated visceral fat) For me if I get my belly down to 40” and my weight under about 97kg/ bmi around 28 I’m normal for diabetes. If I go above that I’m basically prediabetic. Pretty sure it’s the same for most people but the actual metrics differ from person to person.

[@pietrocantuccini5584]

And Monsieur Lustig is wrong. Fat and sugar production/consumption sank heavily in the 2nd half of the 20th century in AUS, UK, USA but the 'related' ailments tripled. See Martin Blaser: Missing Microbes. (Still available in bookshops)

[@MrBlaxjax]

@@pietrocantuccini5584 that’s just not true in 1800 10kg pa, 1900 40kg Pa by 2000 80kg Pa figures for the USA. Type 2 diabetes became a thing at the start of the 20th century and has grown ever since with the rise of sucrose consumption. There’s also the rise of fatty liver disease and other metabolic conditions such as hypertension. I don’t know why you would say sugar consumption has fallen when it simply has not.

[@floydald]

Just stop eating sugar and refined carbs, not that complicated!

[@tanyasydney2235]

It's not just about the extra weight. There are many slim people with Type 2 Diabetes and at different stages of insulin resistance. I believe that Cyrus and Robbie, of Mastering Diabetes, are right. It's about the saturated fat clogging up insulin receptors and not allowing glucose in, so that glucose remains in the bloodstream and causes corrosive damage to the arteries and insulin resistance. People who consume zero or less that 5% of fat in their diet, can eat 200, 300, and even 500 grams of carbs a day and maintain excellent insulin and glucose levels. Many Type 2 have reversed their diabetes, while Type1 have been able to lower their insulin needs.

[@davidr1431]

It is very interesting that some people get these results and others get them through zero sugar high fat diets. The problem seems to be in trying to be balanced and eat fat and carbs together. If this is true is would give options to people to try which one is sustainable for them but people seem to fall on one side and oppose the other or just stick to a middle ground.

[@bulkbiker]

Nonsense.. saturated fat doesn't clog up insulin receptors..that's a vegan lie. And 2 T1's can't really be expert on T2 diabetes.

[@TommysPianoCorner]

Clearly, Naveed follows Professor Taylor’s paradigm that diabetes is all about weight. The Direct Trial does show a clear association between weight and Diabetes, however, as he stated, it only works in 40% of cases in 12 months. Therefore, this can’t be the ‘only’ factor. Shame that hyperinsulinemia wasn’t discussed. This is also a very clear driver of pre diabetes or diabetes (via Insulin Resistance). Equally, why should it be ‘inevitable’ that we will get diabetes? I would highly implore people not to listen to any of this type of advice and to simply test for themselves. Have your Shredded Wheat (a popular UK breakfast cereal) for breakfast and see what happens. If your body is unable to metabolize it easily, then you have a problem and you should probably think twice about having it again. The same applies to any carbohydrate rich food - that ‘whole meal bread’ you’re having instead of white might not be making much of a difference. Also, we need to be careful about trying to put things as inevitable. For example, most of my South Asian colleagues eat an almost frightening amount of carbohydrate. I have many ‘pure veg’ friends who eat rice, with bread, with beans, with sugar etc. Saying that it is their genetics that drives weight gain is highly questionable. Sure, genetics plays a role, however, fundamentally if we are piling to much into the system, then we’ll gain weight. I ‘reversed’ type 2 diabetes over 10 years ago without significant weight loss. In fact, the weight loss happened gradually over 5 or so years whereas the diabetes reversal was within a few months (e.g. A1C from 12.8 down to 4.8). I did this by simply finger prick testing the impact of different meals on my blood sugar and adjusting my diet to avoid anything that raised it excessively (e.g. rice, noodles, pasta etc.)

[@bulkbiker]

My own T2 went into remission before significant weight loss.. it's all about diet. Ultra low carb/Keto was the diet that achieved normalised blood glucose levels within days.

[@TommysPianoCorner]

@@bulkbiker yet there are very few doctors that suggest this as a good starting point. Seems 99% will just tell you that you have a progressive disease that needs drug treatment. Yet, we have Trail Blazers like Dr David Unwin who pass largely under the radar of mainstream medicine.

[@davidr1431]

This is Zoe remember. They will never advocate for lower carb because it’s not in their business model. It’s good that you mention it though so others can find out more for themselves if they are interested

[@lovechildaz6613]

Why do doctors not speak to type 1.5 diabetes or latent diabetes ?

[@annefricker8474]

I am overweight. Carry weight around my middle. Can’t lose weight, have HBA1C of 37, cholesterol of 4.3 and all other bloods are in the right range. Why do I struggle with weight loss?

[@aprilblossoms4]

Are you in calorie deficit? Have you had your basal metabolic rate calculated and your daily activity level? . If your BMR turns is let’s say 1400 calories, then try reducing your food intake to 1300 or like 1500 + exercise that burns around 200 calories. Try doing this(of course speak to your doctor first especially if you have medical conditions) for 1 or 2 weeks. The important thing is to track what you eat when you try this. You can’t look at your bowl/plate and “guess” the calories. There are some terrific apps and of course look at the nutritional information in the packaging. Weigh your food and keep a food diary for these weeks. See what happens. Also research shows just upping your protein intake by 15-20 percent helps you drop weight.

[@davidr1431]

I can’t tell you why you struggle to lose weight, but you are not alone. However, it seems most people agree that what you eat is the main driver of what you weigh, not how much you move. For some people calorie counting seems to work. For others, cutting out carbohydrates produces rapid and sustained weight loss. For others, moving towards a more whole food plant based (fairly low fat) approach works. For most people who need to lose weight what got you here will not get you there so some dietary change is needed, whatever method you think you are most likely enjoy and therefore stick to. Good luck.

[@annefricker8474]

Thank you for your replies. I eat a whole food plant based diet. I have been the same weight at least 30 years. Back then I was an omnivor but now eat no meat. No take aways, fuzzy drinks, squashes, alcohol. Occasional treat food but not often

[@MMartin-pt9yv]

You can have perfect glucose levels but raised Insulin - for some people a main driver of the impulse to eat. Reduced Peripheral Insulin Clearance might be one explanation for that.

[@suppersday]

The more muscle you have, the more places you have to store glucose. If you think you eat healthily but lack skeletal muscle, you'll never be as healthy as if you also had sufficient muscle tissue. Resistance training isn't just for getting jacked, everyone should do some form of it.

[@MrSunnyBhoy]

Nice to see a Scottish asian on this podcast. This was a great podcast, although I've heard similar things the way Prof Naveed spoke about diabetes, it really gave me a wake up call. Although I would not agree with eating shredded wheat... That's full of processed ingredients and a lot of sugar.

[@bulkbiker]

Like every other breakfast cereal... none of them are "healthy".

[@roswithabed3650]

Actually I am confused about his insistance about being obese first and having fatty liver second as an effect. Even worse his statement, that you store excess fat in the liver cause have no more capacity in subcuteanous fat stores... 😱 that is not logical considering the storage capacities.

[@carlapedro9788]

I think the word 'sugar' needed a bit more clarification.

[@FMGogs46]

Is Diabetes in pregnancy a predictor of Type 2 Diabetes further down the track?

[@876hj7]

Yes unfortunately. 50% chance of going on to develop T2DM in the future 😢 I'm in that boat...

[@azdhan]

Really interesting. The UK assessment link puts me at high risk of T2D but US Link puts me at low risk of T2D I fear the UK link may be more accurate in my case With all things being equal the UK link soecifically references South Asian ethnicity but US assessment does not. In my case, that and my genetic predisposition pushes me into high risk as captured by the UK assessment 🙁

[@4everhdt]

What about linoleic acids in seed oils? Fasting intermittently? Randle cycle(combining fat and carbs thus filling cells with fat)? Saturated fat causing insulin resistance? BCAAs causing insulin resistance?

[@davidr1431]

Or refined carbs? Everything you said on top.

[@shaidabegum.]

My glucose was 6.4 after 2hrs of eating. Checked 3 days after 2hrs of eating. Is this ok or pre diabetes.

[@LR-je7nn]

IMO: Avoid insulin. !!! Calorie restriction. No seed oils. Keep moving. No pesticides or toxic chemicals. Live in an environment that's not trying to kill you. Reduce stress.

[@LR-je7nn]

Maximum Nutrition Minimum Calories and work your butt off....

[@CK-wn1ik]

why is it people who are slim could still have diabetes?

[@tmchugh]

Firstly, it's important to acknowledge that at a population level, being overweight is the single biggest contributor to T2D. However, there are other factors that can cause 'slim' people to have T2D. Family history, of course, along with high levels of visceral fat (people who appear slim may have lower levels of lean mass). A lot of this can also be genetic, or caused by an inactive lifestyle or poor quality diet.

[@dudea3378]

They're called skinny fat. Low muscle, but lots of visceral fat. Same cause.

[@jonathanperry4189]

And they could be type 1 diabetic, ie from birth.

[@Tricia-dv9ti]

And stress. People who grow up with abusive parents, and then fall into abusive relationships with poor boundaries, will suffer from chronic stress. Even with a healthy diet / weight / exercise they can end up with T2 diabetes.

[@barbh6987]

I think he saying a pancreatic issue. Maybe genetic?

[@ResidualSelfImage]

The advice is spot on here - the guest speaker Prof Naveed Sattar analysis is correct. The Type 2 Diabetes like metformin only tweaks the liver and pancreas response to keep blood glucose low but does not reverse the consequences of a poor diet and low physical activity that is cause of metabolic syndrome that diabetes is a symptom of. Metabolic syndrome is the decline in mitochondria performance when faced with high glucose dietary intake and low physical activity after hormone triggered growth no longer demands the extra calories that high blood glucose levels support. Newer drugs like GLIP antagonist are appetite suppressants which work similar to how good bacteria use high fiber dietary intake to suppress hunger and eating. Unlike eating a hi fiber diet, taking GLIP antagonist drugs must be monitored for side effects. All the cases of T2D reversal cases I have reviewed requires permanent dietary and lifestyle changes to maintain. Type 2 Diabetes Surgery will see a return to Type 2 Diabetes unless permanent lifestyle and dietary changes are made.

[@lesleybee33]

Some Women when they go through menopause become diabetic due to the migration of fat from parts of the body to their belly. I can see this throughout my family, some of the females get diabetes after menopause due to the fat moving and they become apple shaped. The hormone drop triggers it. If they had HRT in combo with diet changes they could avoid this. But doctors seem to just say to them, it’s age and just accept it.

[@janeprouse9472]

My friend who is a life long vegetarian, She carries no weight, she appears fit snd healthy yet she has high cholesterol I’m classed as morbidly obese yet I have controlled blood pressure and not pre-diabetic or high cholesterol

[@chrisduffill5248]

Very good , I was told about 15 years ago I. Was close to diabetes , so upped my exercise levels and this sorted it out. Also cut my weight as a result . Now a veggie and follow a good diet all the time … cut sugars out 8 years ago as well after prostrate cancer , upped my vit D too all these have helped me feel better all over , upped the Gym work as I have aged to keep muscle mass

[@bulkbiker]

Unfortunately plenty of veggies get diagnosed with T2.. starchy carbs all turn to sugar when you eat them. Amazed that the prof didn't mention this.. It's diet not weight per se that brings on T2.

[@davidr1431]

@@bulkbikerI hoped he would clarify whether he thought that any particular foods are more likely to lead to weight gain, carbs, fats etc

[@utubehandle]

I'm shocked that the professor did not mention the fact that people in the west are consuming too many carbohydrates and most diabetes experts agree that a low carb diet can reverse type 2 diabetes and also people on this diet lose body fat. Over consumption of carbs is the main issue for diabetes.

[@dilshaddegum4938]

Again i watching again 😊

[@sandybayes]

How about an expert on LipoProtein Little a (LPa) since about 20% of all people have it and don't know it. A major cause of strokes and Atrial Stenosis. Thanks for the info on diabetes.

[@DavidPodolsky]

Please put appropriate titles to the videos. The title misrepresents the content. This episode is not about diabetes myths, it is a general, basic explainer of what diabetes is. A 101 overview. You lose credibility by posting incorrect, marketing-catchy titles.

[@JillWhitcomb1966]

I'm adopted, but my adopted Mom (she isn't the lady who gave birth to me) was diagnosed as Type 1 diabetic in 1942, when she was 10 years old. She was Type 1 diabetic for 79 years, until her death at age 89. Her brother was diagnosed as a Type 1 diabetic in 1926, as a 6-month-old baby still in diapers. He was diagnosed at the Mayo Clinic in Rochester, Minnesota. So then, please understand that we are not able to prevent ALL diabetes. But we are able to prevent Type 2 diabetes with healthy diets, more exercise, and better health.

[@lucillasallabank]

Type 1 diabetes cannot be prevented unfortunately.

[@UnCoolDad]

Type 1 and type 2 are completely different conditions.

[@judithcervizzi6609]

I am skinny and on a ketovore diet and my fasting blood sugar is high.

[@engc4953]

What’s important also is our blood insulin level…..how much insulin does it take to keep blood sugar down. As Dr. Kraft of the Kraft Assay said, anyone with CVD has diabetes in situ, just not diagnosed.

[@zaheerhaq1893]

No new information, these all are available on u.tube.

[@felipearbustopotd]

Please consider interviewing Dr Donald Layman and Dr Gabrielle Lyon who specialise on muscle / protein intake. Dr Gabrielle Lyon is famous for saying... We are under muscled. Cheers.

[@lucillasallabank]

It would be great to see Dr Layman interviewed here.

[@drayner2517]

My husband is slim with very little visible fat. He has been diagnosed with Type 2, much to his huge disappointment.

[@danielconnolly4618]

What is the cause? Is it true stress can lead to diabetes.

[@akhusal]

How much glucose does he consume from sugar and carbohydrates.

[@larsgustafmartin2556]

Insulin Resistance is the disease, D2 is one of the symptoms. Obisity, high blood pressure, high Trigs, low HDL, cardiovascular issues, etc are other symptoms. IR caused by decades of hydrocarbon over consumption 4-6 times/day, leading to an eternal blood glucose - insuline rollercoaster with insuline control overshoots, eventually causing body cells to become less and less sencitive to insuline. To keep blood glucose level low, pancrease have to push out more and more insuline, causing eaven more IR. When pancrease hit max insuline production level, blood sugar rise and the blood test indicate diabetes or prediabetes, 10 -20 years too late ! Fastest cure: Food intake with nearly Zero carbs, 70-80% animal fat and 20-30% animal protein. IR, blood glucose, blood pressure drop within some days - weeks, weight will drop in some months. "Family history"= mostly family eating habits, partly genetics.

[@engc4953]

Almost all type 2 diabetics have a fatty liver. It can almost always be reverse with diet.

[@MMartin-pt9yv]

Reduced Insulin Clearance and "impulse to eat" needs to be researched. Also there is a whole cohort of Nutrition/Cardio professors in Glasgow who need to finally retire.

[@terijones2337]

Zoe