The rise and fall of the Mughal Empire - Stephanie Honchell Smith

Trace the rise and fall of the Mughal Empire, which became one of the wealthiest and most powerful states in the early modern world.
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Though he was descended from some of the world’s most successful conquerors, Babur struggled to gain a foothold among the many other ambitious princes in Central Asia. So he turned his attention to India, where his descendants stayed and built the Mughal Empire. Stephanie Honchell Smith details the rise and fall of one of the wealthiest and most powerful states in the early modern world.
Lesson by Stephanie Honchell Smith, directed by Raghav Arumugam, Jagriti Khirwar.
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[@nenenindonu]

Fun fact, they actually never called themselves "Mughals" but Gurkaniya, a term which evokes their connection as sons in law to Genghis Khan

[@itacom2199]

Thank you, I didn't know

[@The.Nasty.]

Any relation to the elite military group called the Gurkhas?

[@murodillafatkhullaev9782]

It makes sense!!! Bc the word “Ko’ragon” or “Ko’ragoniy” was very popular during Tumirid dynasty. It referred them being the son-in-laws of the reigning clan (royal) Borjigids and also referred them to be from the sister clan Barlos.

[@nenenindonu]

​@@murodillafatkhullaev9782 Baburids, Indo-Timurids, or Gurkanids would be better English namings for the so called Mughal misnomer

[@deleted-something]

Interesting

[@theWZZA]

“Look back over the past, with its changing empires that rose and fell, and you can foresee the future too.” ― Marcus Aurelius, Meditations

[@alexd832]

​@Angry Austrian Painter wow, be careful with your logo, many people wouldn't see this as sarcasm

[@theWZZA]

@@alexd832 It's all intentional

[@dickcheese8628]

Cool that you posted this, I just started Meditations.

[@timmy-wj2hc]

The entire 🌎 is hoping for the end of the terroristic and psycopathic US empire.

[@alexd832]

@Angry Austrian Painter yeah and your username is totally accidental....

[@Hallows4]

Babur means "tiger", so that image on the sword was a great touch. For anyone interested in the story of the dynasty, I highly recommend "Empire of the Moghul" by Alex Rutherford.

[@little_swallow]

I'm currently reading it, it's so beautifully written!

[@Hallows4]

@@little_swallow I read the first three volumes years ago but interest petered out after that. Now own all six and am starting from the beginning.

[@little_swallow]

@@Hallows4 it can be a little heavy on the information side, same for me. I'm on the 3rd vol currently.

[@Hallows4]

@@little_swallow The biggest obstacle for me is typically remembering all of the characters names, since many of them can sound similar.

[@anirudh177]

Fiction? vhy vould you recommend fiction for learning about Mughal history? I'll never understand vhy people think historical fiction is an appropriate source for history. check Michael Fisher's "A Short History of the Mughal Empire", Majumdar's "History and Culture of the Indian People - Volume 07: The Mughul Empire" and J.F Richards' "The New Cambridge History of India, Volume 1, Part 5: The Mughal Empire" for single volume books on the Mughal empire. I can reccommend more books if anyone vants.

[@zu-tangclan8113]

I wish they taught us this type of history in high school, but according to American schools “world history” is only limited to European history.

[@krishnagopalsrivastava2084]

And in India, it's mostly limited to Indian history or modern (20th century) 'world' I.e. European history.

[@derangedlunatic9191]

@@krishnagopalsrivastava2084 there is so little time in school so they had to make the best of it. the Indian history couldn't be avoided, but they still glossed over some history, like that of south India which was never under Mughal rule. the French revolution was a key point so it can't be avoided either. The first and second world war did change the world a lot even though its definitely an overstatement to call the military efforts of just Europe a world war. As for Italian, Russian and German history that we were taught, I don't remember even paying attention to the classes. I am assuming German an Russian history had to do with world war but I can't remember what the significance of the Italian unification was. asides from that we were taught about the old trading and a bit about the Indus valley civilization and Indian independence were repeated a few times. we really don't have enough room for much else. maybe the neighbours of Mughals and the old republic of Rome and the independence of America or how India affected some neighbouring civilizations like Sri Lanka could be added.

[@Baraz_Red]

Same in Canada. Anything east of Europe is not taught. The Byzantine Empire, though it lasted nearly 1000 years, was Christian, and close to Europe, is barely known by many modern Westerners. Our cultures from Europe were dominated by the Catholic Church, which tends to want to ignore the whole Byzantine empire which was not under their pope. But your comment makes me realize we also do not teach much about anything East.

[@umang3227]

@@derangedlunatic9191 "Call the military efforts of just Europe a world war" I can understand that the war was started and centred around Europe but excuse me 2.5 million indians gave "effort" in that war. It's definitely part of Indian History

[@gothicfan52]

@@derangedlunatic9191 " call the military efforts of just Europe a world war." Europe controlled most of the world, the only continent untouched by war was south america. And I struggle to see how Japan's conquests of many asian countries was european. Whatever education system you're under, it clearly failed you

[@DB-me7ol]

As someone from Uttarakhand, traveling to the plains opens up a whole different world. It is not as peaceful and serene as the hills with their many temples and forests but is still very impressive.

[@AryanSharma-qj4eu]

Fun fact, akhbar used to travel to uttrakhand temples too. Like hanol temple

[@DB-me7ol]

Oh thanks I didn’t know that!

[@jonasdavies1806]

Fun Fact, there are plains in Uttarakhand Too, even most of the population of Uttarakhand lives in plains. I have lived there for about 6 months there in the towns of Southern Uttarakhand and even learnt some slang in the local dialect, next time I would like to visit Kumaon and Garawal too. Also I made two of my best friends for life there.

[@DB-me7ol]

@@jonasdavies1806 Yes certainly. Uttarakhand has the most diverse geoforms. I was referring to the plains of UP, the Delhi area, etc where there is a more significant Mughal and Islamic architectural influence.

[@jonasdavies1806]

@@DB-me7ol where are you from In Uttarakhand? And also do you know these dialects like Kumaoni or Garawali?

[@krishnagopalsrivastava2084]

" Subha Ke Takht Nasheen, Sham ko mujrim tehre. Hum ne pal bhar mein naseebo'n ko badalte dekha hai" (In the morning I was enthroned, In the evening I was reduced to a prisoner. I have seen destiny turn in the fraction of a second) . This heart-rendering couplet by the last Mughal Emperor Bahadur Shah Zafar not only summarizes the individual downfall of an Emperor , but also the end of a great dynasty. This illustrates how empires rise and fall and glory which seems eternal, fades in a second.

[@ratanlalbhattacharjee1125]

"Great dynasty" lol good joke😂

[@krishnagopalsrivastava2084]

@@ratanlalbhattacharjee1125 so what was it then?

[@anirudh177]

@@ratanlalbhattacharjee1125 I mean the Mughals vere one of the fev dynasties along vith the Mauryans that managed to conquer most of India, only the Guptas and the Maratha come close other than these, it's a pretty impressive feat.

[@anirudh177]

Bahadur shah Zafar vas King of Delhi in his entire reign, the EIC reduced titular authority in 1835.

[@crzahmed9707]

​@@ratanlalbhattacharjee1125 There wasn't a Greater Dynasty to rule over the Subcontinent except the Mughals. And we're talking about Great in all proportions. Territories,wealth, administration, consolidation,politics etc

[@cgt3704]

You missed the fact that near the end of Aurangzeb's reign, the Mughal state did one huge mistake: decided to limit rights for the majority non-muslim people, even trying to implement the Jiziya tax during the crisis. Obviously, the hindus and the sikhs were furious and so they rebelled, with one of them being the Maratha Empire, which by the start of 19th century, fontrolled most of the sub-continent. And there was also many invasions by the persians and afghans which resulted in the sack of Delhi by the iranian emperor, Nader Shah (aka the Napoleon of Iran)

[@sagarbhadva1118]

Lmao it's ted what else do you expect

[@imaysin97]

Marathas controlling most of subcontinent.....😆

[@kun3945]

Exactly!

[@smn9966]

Factual inaccuracy: 1. Aurangzeb's imposition didn't result into instant rebellion. Infact during that time,mughal empire were at its largest. 2. Maratha Empire "control"ing vast majority of India is a misleading statement. They were puppets of the British East India Company. EIC started their control in India in 1757. Within 50 years, there was no independent unaffected ruler in India.

[@tariqkhanPathanKabuliwala]

whatsapp university 😂

[@Blurrybob]

I'm from Uzbekistan, Babur's original homeland. I was named after him actually

[@gobimurugesan2411]

U added Russian name?

[@Blurrybob]

@@gobimurugesan2411 actually, people in most post-Soviet countries have surnames ending with and . That's a legacy from our former Russian overlords

[@imurbegum7864]

Your ancestors committed innumerable crimes in my homeland...Babur is just remembered as a barbaric central Asian turkic invader

[@imurbegum7864]

@@gobimurugesan2411 of course no wonder the russians deislamized them , made them enjoy pork and wine...look at the ones in Afghanistan, the hazaras ...same central Asian Muslims or turks just across the border....but the culture is completely opposite there..as they weren't under Russian influence...

[@Barnil_JN]

So your name BlurryBob is derived from Babur?

[@aaronTGP_3756]

One of the key events in the Fall was the brutal sack of Delhi by the Turkic conqueror Nader Shah in 1739. The Peacock Throne was even taken (and later destroyed after Nader's death).

[@Nomadicenjoyerplus]

Nader was such a gigachad but he weakened Muslim and Turkic world too

[@user-pakshibhithi10]

Wasn't Nader Shah Persian?

[@aaronTGP_3756]

@@user-pakshibhithi10 Nader Shah was a Turkoman from the Afshar tribe.

[@user-pakshibhithi10]

@@aaronTGP_3756 So, was he a Persianised Turk?

[@nenenindonu]

​@@user-pakshibhithi10 No he was simply an ethnic Turk who ruled Iran, Nader Shah spoke two Turkic languages ; Chagatai and his mother tongue Oghuz Turkic

[@dilnuratoleutaeva4674]

The interesting thing is that a lot of Turkic words are identical to the Indian language. I know all languages have a root, but this connection of Indo-Central Asia is very surprising.

[@rbran]

I’d want to say that’s because of the influence of the Persian language on Turkish, which is related to Hindi in a similar way English is related to Italian

[@husseinzaid2092]

@@rbran English has nothing to do with italian

[@rbran]

@@husseinzaid2092 Germanic Languages (like English and German) and Romance Languages (like Italian, Spanish, French) may not be extremely extremely similar. However, they both descend as branches of the Indo-European language family and do actually share a lot of common features. Additionally, there has been a lot of intermixing between the languages due to invasion and trade, making them share various words. This is the same thing that has occurred with Hindi and Farsi, as they are both Indo-European languages, though not under the same branch. They also have this intermixing due to proximity, invasion, and trade over hundreds of years.

[@harithameyyappan5570]

which Indian language though?

[@rbran]

@@harithameyyappan5570 Hindi is what I’m mostly thinkinhf

[@jasonspreyer6009]

I like how Ted-Ed talks about the history of every empires

[@debarpanroy3785]

Akabr married also his own mother. Jahangir shan jahan married his own daughter 😮 Akbar take jajiya (Tax) from non-Muslims. Or converted into islam. Mughals ban diwali festival. 😂 Mughals killed lot of sikh gurus. Mughal totally know without Rajputs ,they cant rule south india . Mughals destroyed india. Mughals and Britishers make india poor. Mughalas are reasons for partition. Mughal emperor persecuted sikhs and brahmans 😅.

[@rishikeshshingte2908]

In this case tho its hilariously wrong with the video. A rare Ted-Ed L

[@meikhochakre3309]

​@@rishikeshshingte2908 wrong as in factually wrong or incomplete info. What do you expect from compiling 200+ years into a 5 min video? Some info are bound to be omitted

[@rishikeshshingte2908]

@@meikhochakre3309 Factually wrong. Just because its a 5 mins video doesn't mean wrong info can be given. Ted-Ed themselves have other 5 mins videos where information is properly presented despite the time limit

[@meikhochakre3309]

@@rishikeshshingte2908 Point out the part where it's wrong then

[@durdanatabassum6057]

Wealth and prosperity never stays, it comes and goes, and comes again, India is proof of that.

[@TawhidCodex]

💔

[@mrbloodyhyphen-5657]

Yeah it is very hard to maintain it when there is another country constantly stealing the resources of your country

[@jobz9150]

Still waiting for it to come again...

[@durdanatabassum6057]

@@jobz9150 The wait won't be long, a century or two maybe... What's that compared to the entirety of human civilization?

[@cinema6444]

it was always there in india untill the colonisation.

[@mamamiaherewegoagain6959]

Being a descendant of both genghis khan and tamerlane is crazy

[@navneetparmar3632]

How? They have lot of bastards its not like they were in real family or even in close circle they were kicked out from uzbekistan actually

[@mamamiaherewegoagain6959]

@@navneetparmar3632 I just meant the coincidence of it all. That babur established an empire himself, just like his (very far) ancestors.

[@navneetparmar3632]

@@mamamiaherewegoagain6959 naah it was not empire at babur time actually even after his death his son humayun was kicked out and forced to take refuge under hindu and persian rulers by sher shah suri and after 15 years when sher shah died without successor mughals re estaiblished theselves with help of others , only capable ruler was akbar although he was puppet ruler and was lucky that he had loyal caretaker who didnt overthrown him anyway akbar made mughals empire thats my point and later its demise was done by aurangjeb who presecuted majority hindus too much that mughal empire was uprooted by hindu maratha empire this 5 minute video cant explain everything

[@SafiullahJahBakht]

​@@navneetparmar3632Babur was literally the legitimate son of Timurid Emir and Genghisid Princess

[@asahama8173]

Even taimur himself was cousin of genghis khan 😂

[@nenenindonu]

Ottoman gunpowder aid to Timurid prince Babur was a turning point which enabled his conquest of Northern India paving way for the rise of the Mughal Empire

[@ayujmenda5035]

Yes that is true. but the usage of musket was rarely used but canons were highly used to destroy Infantry and cavalry

[@kumosi9437]

What u mean aid. He owned them all

[@exspresstelekom6699]

​@@kumosi9437Nope.An Ottoman officer named Mustafa Ramin appointed by the Ottoman Sultan helped the Babur.

[@sabtaingopinath9652]

​@@exspresstelekom6699cannot find this Ramin guy anywhere?... Any sources or references?

[@abduvohidodiljonov9365]

It was better to defend his country with that aid. I mean he should have won Shayboniyxon who was leader of uzbeks.

[@shortedits2227]

It is still amazing to learn about Central Asia's underrated history while they had great empires and conquerors

[@sairahameed5515]

​@@lordvold9486but Akbar was Uzbek

[@Drizzle_18]

@@sairahameed5515 Afghan

[@maqsoodakram7916]

@@lordvold9486it has nothing to do with india,its central asian and muslim history

[@ignatiuscianci4440]

all gunpowder empires namely ottomans, safavids and mughals have central asian nomad turkic origin. bur only ottomans were able to maintain their origin.

[@Khushi_R9]

not great bruh they were literally invaders who originated from Central Asia to destroy temples and all cultural heritage to force Islam

[@hannyagargola8059]

The other religions: intellectual debates 🍻 👌🏻🍷 Portuguese Jesuit: No debate, only convert 😤 📖✝️

[@vult07]

Hinduism, Judaism, Zoroastrianism are religions based on blood and geography. The only missionary religions are: Islam, Christianity, and Buddhism. Akbar was already a Muslim and video does not mention any Buddhist. So yeah, Christians believe in conversion through debate (ideally)

[@chinmaydesai863]

Not really the actual historical interactions are very interactive and coloured

[@Abk367]

Why shouldn't they be disappointed? They literally traveled to another part of the world to preach something they fully believed in .it wasn't an easy journey traveling from Europe to India. Many die in the sea or from diseases like malaria and cholera(just look at the mortality rates of Europeans in india during that time ) once they land .it was their lives mission and goal to preach and spread the message of christ .besides it wasn't the way its portrayed here .while they were disappointed that akbar wouldn't convert, they actively took part in the discussions .these discussions weren't always pleasant the other groups too fiercely defended their positions and bitterly argued over whose religion was the greatest .it became so bad that akbar had to stop these discussions completely in 1582 AD

[@Random9_]

In india we learnt the Mughal Empire for a year in class 9. Very nicely put in this short video

[@luckywolf8171]

Remember the amount of names we had to stuff into our heads for class 4?

[@Random9_]

@@luckywolf8171 well looking back at it all, school days were so great. Surely better than adulting:p

[@abiaaryan9801]

Well I am a student of class 9 and there is not a single mention Mughals in the history book instead it is full of European history . Pls correct it , we study about mughals mainly in class 7 . Peace✌️

[@thedictator1454]

@@luckywolf8171 class 4th was the best history ever

[@debarpanroy3785]

Akabr married also his own mother. Jahangir shan jahan married his own daughter 😮 Akbar take jajiya (Tax) from non-Muslims. Or converted into islam. Mughals ban diwali festival. 😂 Mughals killed lot of sikh gurus. Mughal totally know without Rajputs ,they cant rule south india . Mughals destroyed india. Mughals and Britishers make india poor. Mughalas are reasons for partition. Mughal emperor persecuted sikhs and brahmans 😅.

[@patrickblanchette4337]

I surprised they didn’t mention the reign of Akbar’s father, Humayun (it would have been a hilarious side note).

[@crzahmed9707]

You mean his start of reign, or the brief interruption by suri empire or the fact that he died due to injury while falling from stairs of his astronomy tower?

[@patrickblanchette4337]

@@crzahmed9707 All of the above (I really liked Jack Rackam’s video on him😆).

[@dark_panther78]

he was a clown duh

[@kerron9793]

I wish ted did a video on Sher Shah Suri. One of the greatest administrators of his time, who also defeated Humayun and briefly took control of Mughal Empire.

[@spacemann1425]

He didn't have a reign. His "reign" was a failure, and he almost went back to the Timurid Empire.

[@mafiaintheevening]

I am from Central Asia and it’s interesting to learn about its historical connection with India

[@sacidaniel8263]

most of it its fake

[@ankitsoni9275]

it's all lie here

[@orziqulovburhoniddin8564]

​@@sacidaniel8263saying who expert?😂😂😂😂

[@orziqulovburhoniddin8564]

​@@ankitsoni9275saying who an expert of history 😂😂

[@thethirdchannel3887]

@@ankitsoni9275 ah yes indian propaganda book fed indian kids

[@1.1kSubChallengeWithoutAnyVid]

They say punctual is good but being early in KZbin is sad as there are no comments to read

[@sdsdsdsdsdsdsdsdsdsd]

get a life

[@warrior43]

I am from comilla city of Bangladesh 🇧🇩 and the area where I live name is "Mughaltuli" means "Mughal locality". There is a Mughal architectural mosque near my house.

[@tanveer3384]

Love from burichong 🇧🇩

[@crzahmed9707]

As a Gurkani belonging to one of the 6 last remaining traditional families(mine is in north Punjab, Pakistan), I say thanks. We are often confused here,We have no large community and live in friendship and alliance of our historical allies and neighbours ,Ghakkars,and Yuarics

[@khushi2003.]

And you're proud of that?

[@Arkham-kq9uf]

Bengalese have no relation with Mughals, you're proud of the fact that your ancestors failed to protect your land

[@vedanshmudotiya]

You should make a video about Chola Dynasty

[@ankitsoni9275]

they will never do it ,it is baised channel unsubscribe goto abhijeet chawala

[@ankitsoni9275]

@@Coolguy-or8ex it an age of "war of ai" stay safe from fake news & be careful whom u follow. go to abhijeet chawala for history lessons

[@desi_bhai_]

@@ankitsoni9275 as much as i support the truth that mughals had done atrocities in india, chadwa straightup lies when he wants to.

[@ankitsoni9275]

@@desi_bhai_ 🥺

[@mohmmadzishanahmed9584]

Chola empire was very small and insignificant, it never went up to the extent of the mughals or even the Mauryans for that case so just keep aside your propaganda, the channel is a well reputed one unlike G0di media 😃

[@nikhil518]

Mughal Empire was a great empire, under its rule India prospered. You should've mentioned the Marathas, who played a huge role in tumbling down the mughals. Huge battles for domination of subcontinent were fought in what came to be known as Mughal-Maratha war, in which Marathas won against the Mighty Mughals. By 1757 they reached delhi, and by 1758 reached peshawar. The Mughal empire was split into regional kingdoms, with the Nizam of Hyderabad, Nawab of Oudh and Nawab of Bengal quick to assert the nominal independence of their lands. And then the British east India company's conquests of India started from battle of Plassey fought against Nawab of Bengal who was assisted by French and French east India company. The British victory was made possible by the defection of Mir Jafar, who was Nawab Siraj-ud-Daulah's commander in chief.

[@ClashwithImb]

The fact that you have a DP of Shri Ram Respect to you as a Muslim Mughals and Marathas were mighty forces of India who fought against the Brits But the traitors who are with us even today continue dividing hs

[@karthika560]

Yes it was a great Empire but India didnt prosper under the mughals. Infact while empires wealth increased India’s share of world gdp declined under them because of high taxation and most of it was spent on vanity projects and not public works. You dont them constructing canals or roads unlike the cholas did in south india Their empire resembled mauryan empire under asoka which collapsed swiftly after his death.

[@nikhil518]

@@karthika560 I see where you're coming from. In reference to Cholas, I agree that they were really great administrators and infrastructure development of the scale which cholas did was a rare sight in history of humanity, one might claim they were akin to Romans. That being said, I mentioned India prospered under Mughal Empire, cause that is what India has always been, a prosperous land both culturally and economically. Mughals, although they didn't push Infrastructure projects like other kingdoms of India, Like Guptas or Mauryas, yet under them the prosperity didn't vanish. In that sense I said under their rule India prospered, that is also the reason why I never said "they were the only empire in human history which build India and without Mughals India was barren and poor", and I can never say this cause this statement is utterly wrong. Hope you get my point.

[@nikhil518]

@@karthika560 and they did develop art and culture, Maintained and managed a huge territory, paved a way to an amazing cuisine and, as you mentioned, carried out many vanity projects across the nation. It was a shame how most of them were not tolerant, and marginalisation of Hindus also came with aforementioned positives. That being said, Some of them (sadly, only about a couple of them) really tried to bridge the gap between Hindus and Muslims. The thought was there but alas, Hindu-Muslim Harmony didn't last.

[@karthika560]

@@nikhil518 Under Mughals Indians became much poorer. Europeans grew richer during the same time. People are equating treasury growth with prosperity. Actually, Mughals were less babaric than turkish conquerers but if you read sources even akbar wasnt religiously tolerant.

[@Dara-ci2pv]

Conversion from company rule to colonial rule broke me

[@thl205]

People often overlook that the British Empire followed a series of other competing & warring empires who tried to conquer India.

[@karthika560]

By the time British arrived Most of India was consolidated by the Marathas. The Mughals king in Delhi was essentially a puppet. Aurangazeb was defeated in a war of attrition by the Marathas. He spent the last decades of his life in Deccan

[@shramanadasdutta3006]

Conquering and colonising is different though. Even though the mughals did bad things, as did all other kings ever, they lived in this country and their decents are here with us to live though the consequences of their ancestors actions. Colonisers however, stole our stuff and left to enrich their families and their own countries with our resources. Hastings and Mountbattens' children or followers are not in india anymore. They are enjoying the wealth their ancestors stole in the comfort of England.

[@Barnil_JN]

@@shramanadasdutta3006 Karma will pay back. It always does and will continue to do so 'til the end of time. Don't worry. :)

[@sagnikchatterjee2946]

@@shramanadasdutta3006 excuse me but Mughals also colonized Bharat . Read Baburnama for reference.

[@shramanadasdutta3006]

@@sagnikchatterjee2946 my comment just explained the difference between conquering and colonising. Mughals conquered, British colonised.

[@subhanhasan990tsikfm]

Not just Mahabharata, Akbar also commisioned miniature paintings of Ramayana, Harivamsa, and translations of Yoga-Vasishta. His descendants who were of mixed Rajput and Mughal lineage (especially Shah Jahan who was 3/4 Rajput) even commissioned translations from Sanskrit into Braj Bhasha at times, instead of courtly Persian. Shah Jahan even ordered a copy of 1000 braj bhasha poems for his dhrupad singers, the name was SahasRas, originally penned by a poet of the Gwalior Court. However the last main mughal, Aurangzeb wasn't this appreciative of Indian culture (despite having indian ancestry), and was a religious fanatic. Aurangzeb usurped the throne from his Elder brother Dara Shikoh, who is known for penning a book "meeting of the two seas" or "majma ul bahrain" which explores the commonalities of Hinduism and Islam

[@TawhidCodex]

Prashant real id se aa

[@sayakchoudhury9711]

Dara Shikho was definitely a very interesting character, but what I understand that he was not a very good administrator.

[@Inside.Frame1]

India's representation of Aurangzeb in history books is not the full truth. Aurangzeb employed more Hindus in his administration than any of the previous rulers. I recommend you to read about him from neutral sources.

[@debarpanroy3785]

Akabr married also his own mother. Jahangir shan jahan married his own daughter 😮 Akbar take jajiya (Tax) from non-Muslims. Or converted into islam. Mughals ban diwali festival. 😂 Mughals killed lot of sikh gurus. Mughal totally know without Rajputs ,they cant rule south india . Mughals destroyed india. Mughals and Britishers make india poor. Mughalas are reasons for partition. Mughal emperor persecuted sikhs and brahmans 😅.

[@subhanhasan990tsikfm]

@@sayakchoudhury9711 interesting, what makes you say that though?

[@llamalover1719]

Ted Ed coming in clutch just in time for my AP world history exam

[@arakachukwunweike7259]

Do Benin Empire next. The world needs to know of other ancient civilizations in Africa asides Egypt 😅

[@ogatoni8856]

Oyo empire too

[@scarletkingdom2359]

They already did kush and Ethiopia

[@arakachukwunweike7259]

@@scarletkingdom2359 Agreed. But their focus is still relatively the same region of Africa.

[@scarletkingdom2359]

@@arakachukwunweike7259 I believe they also did mali

[@Random13Guy]

Yeah I'd love to know more about Africa

[@rurururu01]

The maratha empire was actually the one who defeated Mughals in many ways and caused their central rule to weaken, this ofc later on was added by the East India company

[@Qoral-ef5rz]

I would say the blame goes mostly to Nader Shah, who sacked Delhi and looted the Mughal treasury right after they were beginning to recover from years of civil war. If the Iranians (and later Afghans) had minded their own business, it's reasonable to assume that the Mughals (or some other Muslim noble) could have consolidated power and formed a state. But alas, their greed for plunder has resulted in the Muslims being pushed to the peripheries of India (i.e. Pakistan and Bangladesh).

[@GhGh-sj4wb]

The ones who truly defeated the Mughal Empire were the British in 1847. They were the ones who ended their empire, and the weakest of them was Nader Shah of Persia when he defeated them and entered Delhi. Marathas were not even an empire, and Ahmad Shah of Afghanistan crushed them, and the British crushed them later.

[@Psd863]

Disappointed at the lack of mention of the Sikhs and Marathis who were both instrumental in the decline of Mughal power. It's like talking about the decline of the European empires without mentioning the countless wars for independence of their colonial states.

[@Fahim_Istiyak_Refat]

They were the puppet of the EIC.

[@varadapuranik1460]

As an Indian I am kind of interested in Mughal History I was coming up with concepts thinking that the revolt of 1857 would be a stalemate and the Mughals would just occupy North India and the British would occupy a few in the North and South Its just a concept its just a theory People often tease the Mughals cuz they were the baddies in India They dont know that Aurangzeb was the ONLY baddie not the others But the best part is that as the British arrived along with other Europeans they became the defenders of India and other kingdoms cuz the British wanted to achieve their Manifest Destiny We know that Akbar treated people of other faiths and Religions equally not for love but for stability Also Bahadur Shah Zafar said this about the Hindus and Muslims in India: “Khuda, the Hindus and Muslims of India are my children. Please keep them safe and don’t let them suffer for my deeds at the hands of the British.” Thats kinda sweet for a Mughal Emperor to say Anyways um thats all.Everyone has their own opinion on Mughals...but I dont speak up I dont care what they think of the Mughals

[@_dyson]

Mughals are still better than British. British dividend india too much . Scars of Mughals on Indian subcontinent is far more than any Empire ever existed in india

[@raazirazz4216]

​@@_dyson Don't even compare to Mughals with British. British looted everything from India..

[@ANIKETSONAWANE]

Please do one in Chatrapati Shivaji Maharaj ❤

[@mohdsuhail9586]

Accha

[@GhGh-sj4wb]

He clown and he never defeated Aranguzib😂😂

[@ibrahim-sf9od]

bro what did you do ?? that you guys praise him soo much for??? he just looted a pileged other tribes go learn real history not from whatsapp university.

[@ANIKETSONAWANE]

@@ibrahim-sf9odThats some Madarsa chhaap quality meme knowledge u got. Chatrapati Shivaji Maharaj established maratha empire against immense odds.

[@AK-tf3fc]

​@@GhGh-sj4wblol😂

[@puneetmishra4726]

The tiger reflection from Babur's sword because his name is the Farsi word for tiger, subtle details like that is why I absolutely love TED

[@japkaransingh8218]

Please make a video on Sikh Empire…. The Reign of Maharaja(great king) Ranjit Singh!

[@grapeshott]

Sadly after Ranjit Singh, the leaders turned out to be useless. Otherwise Sikh Empire was powerful. Well, it's the ultimate result of absolute monarchies...

[@subhanhasan990tsikfm]

Mahraja Ranjit singh was very inspired by Akbar, he even commisioned painted book of Ain i Akbari

[@williamcunninghammorrison3894]

​@@subhanhasan990tsikfmnice joke 😂

[@mohmmadzishanahmed9584]

@@williamcunninghammorrison3894 everything that doesn't suits your agenda is propaganda! Bunch of foolish multitudes 😅

[@hindugramsci]

​@@subhanhasan990tsikfm and his son Sher Singh b3head3d Ahmad Shah Barelvi at the Battle of Balakot which now is used as a wahabi training ground for militants.

[@abdullajonrasulov1156]

Babur was born in the city of Andijan, which is now part of modern-day Uzbekistan

[@abdullajonrasulov1156]

@Spiritual Seeker No, I do not

[@user-uj2tk2tv3z]

​@@abdullajonrasulov1156 Mughals have nothing to do with Uzbekistan It's not your history They didn't do anything for Uzbekistan and they didn't cared about your small eyes

[@ujwal5926]

​@@BlessedFamily5He was Uzbeki born in Andijan

[@abdullajonrasulov1156]

@@BlessedFamily5 Andijan, Uzbekistan

[@sonviktv]

TED-Eds videos are so engaging thanks to the animation and creativity

[@Hoops_Fan]

At the height of their power (under Aurangzeb), the Mughals ruled a vast empire comprising the land between present day Pakistan in the west to Bangladesh in the east. From Jammu and Kashmir in the north to Karnataka and Andhra Pradesh in the south.

[@_bakihanma]

you know only one part of the story😂

[@mrphoenix6671]

Aurangzeb most intolerant and brutal ruler. He led to downfall of empire.

[@_bakihanma]

@@mrphoenix6671 i hope you know who is the reason behinf his downfall

[@crzahmed9707]

​@@mrphoenix6671Sikhs,Afridis,Blioals,Dutch,French,Seperatist Nawabs,Succession crisis led to the empire being cracked

[@Khalistan380]

@@crzahmed9707Sikhs were the ones that defeated both Mughals and afghans

[@ganeshareddy686]

Awesome work Ted ed I loved it excellent animation and good information hope you can do it to other Indian empires like Chola Pandyas and Vijayanagar too

[@AceCreation1]

r u from Tamil nadu??..

[@ganeshareddy686]

@@AceCreation1 nope from Telengana

[@AceCreation1]

@@ganeshareddy686 Kk

[@ganeshareddy686]

@@AceCreation1 and where are you from bro

[@AceCreation1]

@@ganeshareddy686 Tamil nadu , Salem

[@AnotherGradus]

Always nice to see the brilliant creator behind Rags Animations handling the visuals again.

[@RagsAnimations]

Hey thanks! Im so glad you enjoyed the video! I really enjoyed working on this!

[@hostile_user]

@@RagsAnimations you make these animation s?

[@RagsAnimations]

@@hostile_user yep!

[@42PalaceOfWisdom42]

@@RagsAnimations I really like the animation. The symbol for the BEIC has me wondering though. Isn't this the flag of the fictional East India Trading Company (EITC) created for the Disney film? afaik BEIC never used this, not super sure though

[@kumarankiteshwar9716]

Completely wrong history, the major cause of Decline of Mughal Empire was the Re-up Rise of Hindu kingdoms, the most powerful was Maratah Empires capturing Mughal Capital Delhi, Jat kingdom, Rajputana kingdoms, Sikh Empire, and foreign invasion of Nadir Shah of Persia Iran and Ahmad Shah Abdali 8 times on India's mughal empire. Pls give some facts.

[@papazataklaattiranimam]

The descendants of Timur who ruled in India called themselves Chaghtai Turks and looked down upon the Mughals or Mongols as half - barbarians . Rise and Fall of the Mughal Empire, Vol 1., Ram Prasad Tripathi Central Book Depot, 1960 p.1

[@kumosi9437]

Chaghtai is literally the name of 4th son of Genghis khan bruh. You turks have some serious problem with your government brainwashing yall with way too biased information.

[@islammehmeov2334]

Well if you think like that the OTTOMAN look down upon the TURKS as half- barbarians

[@Nomadicenjoyerplus]

@@islammehmeov2334 The ruling class didn’t, only some devshirmes

[@Nomadicenjoyerplus]

@@islammehmeov2334 Babur Shah himself insulted Mongols a lot lol, Ottoman rulers were proud to be an Oghuz/Turkoman/Turk that’s why they claimed Oghuz Khan ancestry

[@islammehmeov2334]

@@Nomadicenjoyerplus LoL no the OTTOMAN EMPIRE wes insulted wen europeans were referring to them as TURKS LoL

[@kanhaibhatt913]

The Maratha empire brough an end to the Turko Moghuls, not the British. After Aurangzebs death the Maratha expansion began and they took over large parts of India, sacked Delhi and installed a puppet Moghul on the throne. By 1720 the Turko Moghuls shrank to a size smaller than todays' Rajasthan. Western historians have very methodically undermentioned this fact.

[@saurabhkutwal544]

Exactly!

[@Pratik792]

It's all ignorance and bigotry bro. They call themselves TED-ED. But we know our history and we are proud!

[@fasihussaini8554]

lol no nobody who is unbiased says that

[@random_stuff507]

History isn't read from only one souce. Try reading it from multiple sources to get the whole picture. You're basing your whole take on modern Indian sources which are rewriting history as they see fit without even giving proper sources. Read the history written in that era

[@Barnil_JN]

@@random_stuff507 Sources?? Like what? Fake sources made up by the Britishers to defame Indian Society? BBC, CNN Sources? We don't need made-up Sources. What we need are Sources that are actually true with proof and logic. Sad thing is proof can be changed, truth can't be but the proof could be changed.

[@klaudelu18]

Thank you, TED-Ed! 💕

[@JesusMartinez-rr2ry]

I am so jealous that they had a pool full of lemonade. It would be really nice to have one of my own. But it's best advised to wear swim goggles before diving in.

[@l.n.3372]

I wonder how lemonade was made back then, as opposed to more modern recipes.

[@DarkMage2k]

​@@l.n.3372 lemon and water as usual, maybe the royalty mixed rose petals and stuff

[@l.n.3372]

@@DarkMage2k I doubt they used as much sugar as modern days tho.

[@spongekun4246]

it's fascinating how the most powerful empire at a time was defeated 17 times by a small kingdom in the northeastern part of India, THE AHOM EMPIRE!

[@007dalal]

17 times is overstatement. Mughals had their moments. And fighting mughals was constly for Ahoms as they were easily defeated by British later on ANd it will be good if u check the name of Mughal general at sarrianghat

[@rajashashankgutta4334]

Mughals were hardly an unbeatable force. Even Ahmednagar defeated them several times

[@ahnafabdullah5307]

@@rajashashankgutta4334 yep, there was so much infighting, and the Mughal Army was so spread out fighting Persian and Afghan and Marathas etc. it was just that they undisputedly controlled the de facto capital of India: Delhi, and that they were the wealthiest.

[@smn9966]

Lol. They were mere skirmishes. If Ahom were so powerful why couldn’t they take lands from Bengal presidency.

[@smn9966]

@@rajashashankgutta4334 rajputs who constantly got defeated by mughals : wait whot

[@Snowman_44]

The amount of times I've read the word Mughal in my books...

[@ahnafabdullah5307]

same bro same

[@kumosi9437]

And it literally means Mongols.

[@observing..3036]

?

[@GoingToAFuneral]

@@observing..3036 there was so much Mughal history documented in indian history books that some people are literally saying they had to remove some of the Mighal history

[@kedarmeow]

​@@GoingToAFuneral yes I'm From India & we had 50% book for Mughals which covered only 300 years of history. While remained 50% book covered 800 years of history in non detailed fashion. Mughals were just part of Indian history. There were many Kingdoms before & after them.

[@itacom2199]

How is it possible that the best videos only come out when I am trying to study? 😂😂😂

[@TawhidCodex]

Lol so true

[@Khakshanhere6]

The pronounciation of Aurangzeb was beautiful, I almost had to replay it

[@flyingdragon6275]

Short Answer to thumbnail: Invaders

[@mastikitrain2844]

(Almost) The whole syllabus of Class - 8 History, India in 5 minutes.

[@LastNameName-jr8hx]

Turko-mogolic people, we were conquerors and great warriors. The nomadic people from Central Asia conquered India, China, Anatoly and Big Chunks of Europe.We need to remember, who we are and remember our great history.

[@bottasheimfe5750]

wow there are some pretty great stories coming out of India from that time period. that Tiger-slaying Queen, for example, was fascinating

[@anubratabit3027]

Quite a good timing for the video, considering the fact the Central Government had recently decided to omit mention of Mughals in the history syllabus.

[@LionsHeart3.1.3]

Some piece of sh!ts say that, mughals took tax from non-muslims. Lmao,😆😂🤣 Why dont they talk about the fact that, Aurangzeb took zakat tax from Muslims? Why Don't they mention the fact thay, total tax given by muslims were more than, that of non-muslims. They just know how to hate, not learn.

[@kedarmeow]

Mention was reduced & not Omitted. India is much more than Mughals. Mughals doesn't mean Indian history. Mughals were just part of Indian history.

[@LionsHeart3.1.3]

@@kedarmeow Mughals means India, India Means Mughal. People Don't want to see mandirs or masjids, they want to see, India, what did your other empires did, except building Mandirs? Ashoka forcefully made hindus convert to Buddhism. Thats the only good thing that he did.

[@commentnahipadhaikar2339]

@@LionsHeart3.1.3 Most senseless comment ever made be like:

[@LionsHeart3.1.3]

@@commentnahipadhaikar2339 Most senseless people reading a comment be like:

[@zerishkamal279]

For a short history not bad but I'd say we were missing some key details like the islamization of the nation under Aurangzeb which led to massive revolt from Hindu majorities and the shah jahans reign when the company first entered , Also how It wasn't internal power struggle from princely states because like tipu sultan many wanted the British out long before official colonialism took place and even then official colonialism did not control all of India only massive major wealthy parts of the land while rulers of other states were still dynasties and free to rule to extents

[@vital28484]

There is always one like you in the comments cribbing and doing whataboutism. It’s a short video, read a book if you want to more.

[@Arkham-kq9uf]

It's a 5 min video

[@OstrichAnkles]

Thanks, need this for my final in a couple days

[@shokhsifar9017]

Bobur was born Fergana in Uzbekistan 🇺🇿 he is generation of Amir Temur

[@umardjonyuldashov5868]

Bobur was born in Andijan, current Uzbekistan.

[@FireRose.77]

Recently watched a movie about this guy that you're talking about, and the actor who had the role was... (what's his name?) Hrithik Roshan. I was really glad to learn some facts about the real guy!

[@karthikpuvvula]

Movie is imaginary and never happened.

[@FireRose.77]

@@karthikpuvvula ​ I get that, but at least the guy did exist.

[@AnnoyedCherryDumplings-en9ls]

​@@FireRose.77 Not completely untrue

[@deadlox4815]

Jodha Akbar

[@HassanKohs-ky5dq]

I love India from Iraq. They are kind and very skilled in the arts. Thank you for giving advice on how to fix some technical problems.

[@prateeksharma6706]

Love to iraq hope god gives stability and prosperity to iraq

[@sauravsuresh6388]

Lesser known facts: Even after the empire crumbled to Agra and Delhi, many Indian princely states such as Wodeyars, Arcot, Travancore etc payed tribute to Mughal Empire, they sent letters to the Emperor whenever there's a succession. Having the acknowledgement of Mughals was a matter of legitimacy to these rulers. Raja Ram Mohan Roy visited England as an ambassador of the Mughal Court. In 1700, when most part of the country was ruled by Mughals, India had a 24.4 per cent world GDP share, higher than entire Europe's 23.3 percent.

[@dilsere1775]

And more than 33% of the world before mughals came.. Samjhe mughals ke najayaj aulaad???

[@sauravsuresh6388]

@@dilsere1775 whatsApp historian spotted!

[@abhishekagrahari8667]

@@sauravsuresh6388 still better than bagal ke madrsa paidias😂😂

[@shauryagupta4981]

@@dilsere1775 Europe of industrialising at that time of courses there percentage would increase that 33% figure wasn't even there at the time of babur it was about 600 -700years back when there was Delhi sultanate etc many things changed over this period you can't blame mughuls for it

[@dilsere1775]

@@abhishekagrahari8667 bhai mughalo ke najayaj aulaad bhare pade hain 🤣🤣

[@HIFLY01]

What about a history of the British empire? From the Roman colonization to the end of their influence?

[@Sirrajj]

Mughals nowadays have become a sensitive topic in India, they're used for votebank politics, because they were Muslim rulers and majority of India is Hindu

[@arpanmandal7244]

Muslim should have left for Pakistan just. Want ambedkar wanted

[@sabtaingopinath9652]

​@@arpanmandal7244Muslims will rule u again.. It is inevitable

[@indahbudiani4773]

​@@arpanmandal7244 That's Not Very Nice

[@arpanmandal7244]

@@indahbudiani4773 indian constitution maker wanted total population exchange. All muslim to Pakistan and all other minorities to india . He said muslim don't have loyalty towards their host countries.

[@yogensawant2286]

Wow, interesting to see the downfall of Mughals being explained without the role of Marathas in it. When the Mughal empire seemed to be at its peak, a 19 year old boy, Chatrapati Shivaji Maharaj started plotting its downfall from a relatively very small city of Pune. From his birth in 1630, within the next 77 years, the Marathas, had Aurangzeb crying to see the Mughal empire crumble in front of his eyes while he was lying on his deathbed. The real cause of decline of Mughals lay here, and also in other fights given by Sikhs, Ahoms and Kings like Maharaj Chatrasaal.

[@azaanhm]

the comments section ought to be equally interesting 👀🍿🍿🍿

[@Nomadicenjoyerplus]

The Mughals (1526-1858) lost control of India in the 1700s, but many of the local rulers who replaced them were also Turks, at least until the British took over. Chase, K. (2003). Conclusion. In Firearms: A Global History to 1700 (pp. 197-210). Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.

[@Lookmaxxed_Pikachu_69]

Turks? The Marathas controlled India after defeating the sand barbarians, u can keep lying to yourself tho

[@user-uj2tk2tv3z]

This is fake and anyone with basic knowledge knows that There was not even a single Turkic empire in india after Mughals and even Mughals are mixed people not Turkic

[@Nomadicenjoyerplus]

@@user-uj2tk2tv3z 🤓🤓🤓🤓🤓🤓🤓🤓🤓🤓🤓🤓🤓🤓🤓🤓🤓🤓🤓🤓🤓

[@Manmade023]

The animation is amazing

[@MihikChaudhari]

Conveniently skipped over Aurangzeb

[@professorashishsingh]

Incorrect portrayal of History Mughal empire was essentially a war- state i.e getting its resources from war booties and then through Mansabdari system. Babur never had any ambition to set an empire in India. He wanted to use India as a launching pad for regaining his lost empire in Central Asia. In his own words, India was a different world compared to Afghanistan's poverty. Akbar waged Jihad in India & took the title of Ghazi ( mentioned in his own biography) after conquering many Forts of Hindu kings in which women of defeated kingdoms performed Jauhar to save their dignity. Most of the policies of Akbar regarding land and many others were taken from Sher Shah Suri's policies. Similar to other Mughal emperors, he was also drunkard and used to take drugs… the use of which decreased as he aged. The ports of India were connected to the world much before Akbar. Vasco-Da-Gama came to India before him. Indian ports had been well connected all around the Indian Ocean since Ancient times. Two reasons among many for the beginning of the fall of the Mughal empire in India was Aurangzeb's policy of intolerance for other faiths which during his reign rose to next level and rise of Marathas.

[@AjaySingh-hp6eh]

@04:20 Bengal was the wealthiest province when British Colonials took over, and when they left, Bengal was so poor they had to face famine and millions of innocent people died of hunger. Strange.

[@shreyanhistory]

You forgot one of the main points, in the late 1600s and early 1700s, the Marathas conquered a lot of Mughal territory and dominated India.

[@shreyanhistory]

@@Mughal_Nationalist Of course your name is Mughal Nationalist 😂

[@shreyanhistory]

@@Mughal_Nationalist You literally got your PHD from WhatsApp university

[@shreyanhistory]

@@Mughal_Nationalist Sorry, the Marathas erased the Mughal out of the map in the mid 1700s (1758) not the early 1700s

[@shreyanhistory]

@@Mughal_Nationalist They were the only small muslim genocidal states remaining, when the Marathas conquered the entire Nation. The Mughals were 1000x worse than the Britishers.

[@shreyanhistory]

@@Mughal_Nationalist .....but the Marathas owned basically all of India

[@mayanksinghfartiyal5290]

Its a joke that Mughals bought Architecture to India. Just check out the Architecture from where they came from it was not even comparable whether it be Central asia or west asia

[@mrphoenix6671]

Why no mention of Aurangzeb, one of most intolerant and inhuman creature in history which led to downfall.

[@chinmayk8004]

Revolt o'1857 didn't aim to restore Mughal rule. It was just independence - for the princely states

[@suyashsrivastava9665]

What this video failed to tell is that Mughal Empire crumbled due to rising Maratha Empire. By the time British gained control of Bengal from Siraj ud doula the Maratha Empire already had control over almost entire subcontinent and Mughals were basically under suzerenity of Marathas. That's also the reason why British got control over large region of India as they had been able to create infighting between two Maratha factions over succession and used that to their favour and won 3/4th of India just after three wars.

[@mohammedhassanakbari6722]

The Real Cause of the Percipitation of the Decline of the Mughal Empire was Aurangzeb's Forcefull Implementation of Islam Upon all of the Countries Citizens, Though Muslims Were in a Minority, This Led to a Great Deal of Friction & Multiple Rebellions & Uprisings Across the Land, Thereby a Great Deal of Wealth & Energy Was Spent in Putting Down the Rebellions Across the Country. Also a Key Point to Note is that in the South the Shia Qutub Shahi Kingdoms Were a Regional Power, They Kept the Marrathas & Other Forces in Check & Under Controll, Once Aurangzeb Subjugated these Kingdoms, in the Resulting Power Vaccum in the Aftermath Provided Ideal Conditions 4 the Rise of the Marrathas, Thereby Making Them Formidable Enough to Challenge Mughal Might, Power & Authority on a Regular & Sustained Prolonged Basis. Aurangzeb Adopted a Rigid Puritanical Approach in Departure 4m the Inclusive Policies of his Predecessor's - Key Events of his Reign as a Result of the Pro-Extremist Approach was the Attempted Forcefull Conversion of Sikh Guru Tegh Bahadur, and his Killing 4 Refusal to Convert to Islam as well as the Execution of Prominent Shia Jurist Qazi Nurullah Shustri at the Behest of Bigoted Clowns & Toadies Like Ahmad Sirhandi(Aleyhim-ul-Laan) & his Accomplices.

[@mohammedhassanakbari6722]

So in Short Aurangzeb's Extremism Prooved to Costly 4 the Long Term Survival & Sustainability of the Empire.

[@SinaZarin]

NurJahan, what a name! Light of the world.

[@youtubeuser1946]

سلام!

[@SinaZarin]

@@youtubeuser1946 سلام

[@youtubeuser1946]

@@SinaZarin Are you Persian?

[@SinaZarin]

@@youtubeuser1946 yap

[@youtubeuser1946]

@@SinaZarin در ایران می مانی؟

[@SolinoOruki]

A lot of fun facts in the comments. Here's another one: The boss-lady at 3:20, Nur Jahan, her name means "the light of the world".

[@S20N01]

it feels great to know that , they are telling the story of Mughal empire...even tho that's not the ideal story I've read in my school... btw even tho I'm a bangali i didn't know this much... I guess my school sucks...Nawab Sirajuddaulawas the last sultan of Mughal empire ... the one who died in a war of Bangla and British..... oooo yea, Bangla in the sweetest language in the world... fun fact

[@amin-o-acid]

Interesting stuff you wont find in Indian education system anymore

[@runajain5773]

It just reduced not remove so it does create burden in student

[@LionsHeart3.1.3]

​@@runajain5773 Shree Shree Aurangzeb🚩🔥 Har Har Aurangzeb 🚩🔥 Chuhaji Mutraj ki Hai Hai🚩

[@LionsHeart3.1.3]

​@@runajain5773You piece of sh!ts say that, mughals took tax from non-muslims. Lmao,😆😂🤣 Why dont you talk about the fact that, Aurangzeb took zakat tax from Muslims? Why Don't you mention the fact thay, total tax given by muslims were more than, that of non-muslims. You just know how to hate, not learn.

[@Barnil_JN]

🤓 Actually bud... they have multiple books for those Barbarians dedicated to teach (& brainwash) students in India.

[@Barnil_JN]

And to mention it's going on after independence to this very moment, or for 77 years continuously. The Happy news is (for me and I don't know what kind of news it is for you) that Mughal History will be reduced from school books and the Holy scriptures of Hinduism will be added in books (which I don't prefer much because I have studied the books and it says something important).

[@pranayraut3183]

Strange to see the minor detail, of Jesuit priests unhappy in thier failure to convert Akbar, being mentioned while much of the atrocities of Aurangzeb ignored. In today's India it is the history mainly from Aurangzeb's time that lives in people's pshyche.

[@fahmad7194]

Had the Mughals invested in industry rather than the glorious architectural wonders of the world, they might just still be in power

[@jonathanmark2379]

agreed they were not visionary.

[@silentbyte196]

Yes it is true, Bengal was at the cusp of Proto-Industrialization, but its as if no one realized the potential of Industrialization over there.

[@manumudgal5776]

Should have mentioned that Mughal Empire really came to a short end when Babur son Humanyun was defeated by Sher Shah Suri, the Afghan chief from East part of India. Humanyun had to be in exile for 15 years and only after Sher Shah had passed away could return and win back. Also last ruler of Mughal Bahadur Shah Jafar's sons were killed in front of him by Britisher called Hudson before sending him into exile.

[@davidmckown3590]

4:14 That is Not the flag of the British East India Company. That symbol comes from The Pirates of the Caribbean movies.

[@l0g1cseer47]

It's up to viewers to correctly assert the interpretation of a historical account in an animated video fashion style expressions and author chosen impressions. Thanks for sharing..

[@prolhad]

Siraj-ud-Dawla was the last independent Nawab of Bengal and was taken over in 1757 after losing the Battle of Plassey. The battle was lost due to a conspiracy conducted by the East India Company, along with some of Siraj’s court members, including Mir Jafar, who was the commander of Siraj’s army. After Siraj’s death, Mir Jafar became the "show-off" Nawab of Bengal of the British East India Company. He was in charge of collecting taxes and maintaining regional affairs while almost everything else was in the hands of the East India Company. Mir Jafar received military support from the East India Company until 1760, when he failed to satisfy various British demands. The Company was full of corruption and atrocious acts. They even tried to create discrimination and racial clashes among the Indian soldiers. As a result, in 1857, an army revolt took place in Bengal. The rulers handled this revolt in a strict manner. Many Indian soldiers were hanged. It had become apparent that the Company wasn't doing their job honestly. That's why, in 1858, the British Kingdom officially took direct control of Bengal. ✍️ Please do a fact-check. Some portions of this video contain imprecise information.

[@hindugramsci]

Since TedEd has clearly attempted to paint a romanticised portrait of one of the most consequential phase of the Middle-Eastern Islamic Colonization of India, the Mughal Era, I try to put things into perspective by portraying the other side which according to historian Will Durant was the most brutal period of human history. 1.) The so called Peasant friendly rich Mughals is nothing short of embarrassing. Francois Bernier, the European traveller and royal physician during Shah Jahan, described the deplorable economic conditions of the populace who often absconded their homes to live in the forests as the Mughal tax collectors took everything that they could for the royal coffers while the peasantry lived in abject poverty. Bernier described India as a land where the aristocracy was extremely wealthy while the people were hardly able to survive. Bernier's descriptions even influenced Karl Marx who propounded his idea of Asiatic mode of production where the oriental empires confiscated the entire surplus produce of the peasants leaving them with nothing. The Mughal wealth was accumulated on the toiling backs of native Hindu peasantry. 2.) The fiction of religious tolerant Mughals is absolutely preposterous. Mughals destroyed Hindu temples in thousands including some of the most sacred ones in Ayodhya and Benaras. Even the first mosque of Delhi was built with the ruins of 27 Hindu and Jain temples. Aurangzeb banned the public display of hindu festivals and reimposed the jaziya tax that the mohemmadan law prescribes for infidels in an islamic state. While Akbar was slightly better than the other evils, he was not at all a hero for the Islamic scholars of the age such as Sirhindi who was the first to propound the distinct nature of the two races of Hindus and Mohemmadans. No wonder in present day Pakistan, while Akbar is ridiculed for his somewhat tolerant attitude; Aurangzeb is hailed as a hero and champion of Islam. 3.) The seeds sown by Sirhindi soon germinated when another tall Islamic Scholar by the name Shah Waliuallah Dehalwi witnessed the gradual decline of the Mughal state after Aurangzeb. Haunted by the fact that state power was now being shifted to the hands of Hindu Marathas, he wrote letters to Ahmad Shah Abdali to invade India and raise the Islamic flag high. Dehalwi studied hadith with Abdul Wahab, the founder of Wahabism, at hejaz and hence became the founding father of the Wahabi movement in India which aimed at reestablishing the Islamic state in India which ultimately culminated in the partition of India and the forming of Pakistan. Pop culture and Bollywood may try whatever it can, these facts about the dark ages of Islamic Colonization will stand firm.

[@hindugramsci]

13 likes and zero accusations and abuses? Lol didn't expect this.

[@jaynah08]

this is rly informative, but id like to pen a small request. could u do a video on the southern indian kingdoms like the cholas, cheras and pandyas? i feel like they deserve a slice of the pie known as indian historical merits

[@abednadir5997]

Also Vijayanagara,Rashtrakutas,Chalukyas,Hoysalas or Kadambas.....equally important south Indian kingdoms

[@abdulazizyakubjonov7277]

Babur was a great general, poet, people-loving ruler. he was from a place called Andijan in present-day Uzbekistan. Babur is the great ancestor of our Uzbeks. We are proud to be compatriots with Babur as our ancestor

[@boburzod]

hindlarga yoqmaydi Bobur ham uning avlodlari ham :)

[@abdulazizyakubjonov7277]

@@boburzod bu muhimmas Bobur va uning avlodlari Hind xalqiga qanday ijobiy o‘zgarishlarni olib kelganini tarix biladi bir guruh hindlarga yoqish yoqmasligi ikkilamchi masala

[@arpanmandal7244]

​@@abdulazizyakubjonov7277 😂😂 they bought nothing to indian society now mughal ancestors lives in slum of Kolkata

[@user-cq8hw3ni7g]

You have to learn when did he became people loving. Are you ignoring the mother's, sister and old people that were killed in his invasions? Entire punjab was blood filled . Please my friend just because he came from where you live doesn't mean he was kind hearted . If I come and kill your family and take your land and after 400 years someone say I was kind hearted ? . He himself wrote in baburnama that after coming to India and seeing its people that these people can't be controlled by violence nor his old ancestors ideology . He recognized his mistake and changed his heart . Read baburnama .

[@user-cq8hw3ni7g]

​@@abdulazizyakubjonov7277 if I kill your family , is it secondary issue for you? If there was any good in babur that only came after coming in india . Read baburnama !

[@masifing]

sorry! narration felt like it was Deepika Padukone when I heard "India" but great efforts and visual like always

[@ApooLLo23]

The Mughals became tyrant and cruel under Aurangzeb's rule he was very cruel in his ways towards his subjects. The Marathas broke their confidence, power & pride and bought an end to their tyrant rule. Between the period after Mughals and before East India Company the Maratha Empire ruled the Indian subcontinent for over 100-150 years, but there is no mention of this in any modern history books and it's truely sad how such a crucial era is just neglected and forgotten in history. Writing this comment just to educate all the folks. Nice work by TED-Ed. Huge fan of their work.

[@worthit5064]

Well , as Indian , I appreciate the current Good days and we can learn a lot from our history. How our cities got looted and burned to ground under greedy leaders in past. Then european killed millions of people in India but that what makes us not only powerful but humble too. I hope India grow more and more for goodwill of Peoples.

[@srikanthsv79]

India didn't exist before 1947 so whoever conquered ruled, nothing wrong in that

[@worthit5064]

@@srikanthsv79 actually it does , we even had Govt. of India , Reserve bank of India , Indian railways , Indian cricket team and whatnot.

[@srikanthsv79]

@@worthit5064 by British Empire & not Republic of India. It was british, mughals, marathas etc etc or a bunch of seperate kingdom's like Hoysalas, Nizams, vijanagara etc but India didn't exist

[@devient626]

@@srikanthsv79 even bible mentioned india 2000 years befre , inda was seen as a wealthy subcontinent ( sone ki chidya)

[@worthit5064]

@@srikanthsv79 India got its independence on 1947 not discovered or formed !! Although it's tough to say when India turned into India from separate kingdoms. India units many times with different names and later collapsed but the Mauryan Empire was the first one who almost united the all subcontinent.

[@lerneanlion]

Who else think that it did not matter who took the throne between Aurangzeb and Dara Shikoh and that the Mughal Empire will eventually fractured because as soon as it started stop expanding, it also started to collapse because the Zamindars always demanded more lands from the ruling Padishah. If Dara Shikoh did not expand and redirected funds for the military campaigns to fully patronize the Indo-Islamic culture and arts instead, the local Nawabs will most likely seized their chances to carve out their own domains. Of course, Dara Shikoh will responded for sure. But he is not a military commander. He is a scholar and he tended to view military officers as nothing but brutes and usually like to insult them back when he was just a Mirza. This means his army might not be large enough to assist him in retaking the breaking away regions. Sure, he can redirected the funds back to the military and many troops will stayed for money for sure but the damage has already been done and plenty of men have already left for with some of them seek new employments from the Deccan Sultanates if they decided to become mercenaries. So Dara Shikoh's chance will be 50-50 here. Sometimes, he won. Sometimes, the rebels and the revolted local rulers won. And if the East India Company decided to play both sides, I really have no idea how will the reign of Dara Shikoh will be remembered now. But as long as the East India Company did not gain the significant foothold in India, especially in Bengal, then history would have officially be changed.

[@Cheerswithbts7501]

Isn't it too long to read 😅

[@Cheerswithbts7501]

Isn't it too long to read 😅

[@bhaswatimukherjee6234]

Fun fact, The mughals didn't like being called "Mughals" or "Mongols" as they didn't want to be related with the powerful leader "Ghenghis Khan" .

[@Pa1_Thakur]

we dont look for old songs, we look for the memories they carry wait, is this the wrong place? ill put it here anyway 😂

[@bigfiflaw]

I think in these two lines you have represented, have something special,yes we look for memories, everything that we capture In present,after a long time becomes old,but we all know how valuable and precious memories they are,even if they are bad, it becomes a reminder 😊

[@rinpoche945]

How wisely they ignored the Marathas and their roles in overthrowing mughals

[@NordicPolestar]

The Mughals were deposed by the British. The Marathas had no role to play in it. Read real history not the one peddled by right wing nationalists.

[@rinpoche945]

@@NordicPolestar Lol you should read history rather reading aasmani kitaab 😂😂

[@rinpoche945]

@@NordicPolestar One of the most significant campaigns launched by the Marathas against the Mughals was the Deccan Campaign, which lasted from 1680 to 1707. The Marathas expanded their control over various regions of southern India, including parts of present-day Maharashtra, Karnataka, and Andhra Pradesh, which were previously under Mughal control.

[@rinpoche945]

@@NordicPolestar The Marathas dealt a major blow to the Mughals when they defeated them in the Battle of Panipat in 1761, which marked the decline of Mughal power in India. The power of Mughals was reduced till Delhi only, that's before British came. Stop being bootlickers of British.

[@rinpoche945]

@@NordicPolestar Har baat pe right wing ka rona rona band kro

[@boburzod]

One of Babur's poems: "There is no escape from this misfortune, Everything I did has been a mistake. Made my way to India leaving my own Land, Oh God, what to do, what a shame this all became Original: Tole yo'qi jonimg'a balolig' bo'ldi, Har ishniki ayladim xatolig' bo'ldi. O'z Yerni qo'yib Hind sori yuzlandim, Yo Rab, netayin, ne yuz qarolig' bo'ldi.

[@azikazikazik]

I'm from Turkiye and I can partly understand the poem in its original form

[@jamjar1948]

Greetings from Iran, I can also understand most of it, but with the historical alphabet, I can understand more.

[@user-hr9jy8ru1g]

@@jamjar1948It is impossible If you dont know any Turkıc languages.

[@jamjar1948]

@@user-hr9jy8ru1g Actually it has a lot of common words with Persian and even common phrases. I saw the poem in the original alphabet, the alphabet we use in Iran. I picked up more words. For example i did not understand Tole but I saw the correct way of writing I understood it. The list of the Common words with Persian in this poem: Tole,jonim, balo, bo'ldi, Har , ki, xato, bo'ldi. Hind sori Yo Rab, bo'ldi.

[@user-hr9jy8ru1g]

@@jamjar1948 Yeah it can be true. But I dont thınk so You will understand verbs in Poem. Bol’di is also verb in Tatar language. We say boldi or oldi. Whıc means happen.

[@sherzodshaymatov2675]

Babur was the Great Turkish leader who had original roots in Central Asia (modern Uzbekistan). So those claiming him as a mughal are absolutely wrong.

[@Qoral-ef5rz]

They were Turco-Mongols. They descend from the Barlas Mongols, who were later culturally Turkified.

[@sherzodshaymatov2675]

The Amir Temur was a representative of Barlas tribe which consisted of locally residing people in The Central Asia before the Arrival of Chingiskhan

[@GhGh-sj4wb]

Turkish-Mongolic

[@user-rg5ox6ii8z]

We proud of you Bobur from Uzbekistan, region of Fergana

[@cerarobert1989]

Nostalgia. I read about Mughals when I was in school. Thank you Ted ed for covering Indian history and animation is pretty good too. 🥰.

[@ankitsoni9275]

its all lie here

[@senseisky]

That's not 'Indian history' It's just a small part of Indian history that caused the destruction of the whole well established and developed country... (Not to mention the million of people that faced genocide each and everyday) the total people who died throughout their rule will bamboozle you if you do some research. And on top of that they fkin used the country & it's knowledge and used the destroyed monuments to just make a few new monuments The destruction caused will make your blood boil coz of how much is lost... Like imagine Angkor Wat level of stuff destroyed here n there

[@hostile_user]

@@senseisky a WhatsApp University topper here!

[@1DontKnowMan]

@@hostile_user you mean yourself

[@hostile_user]

@@1DontKnowMan you also know who i mean.

[@jainamsatunda340]

It was a Jain master Hiravijaya who made Akbar quit meat and alcohol. He was one of the nearest spiritual gurus of Akbar