The Royal Court in Tudor England

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Today’s video takes a look at the form and function of the royal court in Tudor England…
I hope you enjoy this video and find it interesting!
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Intro / Outro song: Silent Partner, "Greenery" [ • Greenery - Silent Part... ]
SFX from freesfx.co.uk/Default.aspx
Images (from Wikimedia Commons, unless otherwise stated):
Portrait of Henry VIII by Hans Holbein the Younger (1540). Held by the Galleria Nazionale d'Arte Antica.
Portrait of a Young Woman (possibly Katherine Howard) from the workshop of Hans Holbein the Younger (c.1540). Held by the Metropolitan Museum of Art.
“The Field of Cloth of Gold” by an unknown artist of the British school (c.1545). Held by the Royal Collection.
Close up of the ceiling of the Great Hall of Hampton Court Palace, England (27 October 2013). Photo by DAVID ILIFF. License: CC BY-SA 3.0
Photograph of Henry VIII's Great Hall - Hampton Court Palace - Joy of Museums - for details see www.joyofmuseums.com (taken 2017).
“Henry VIII dining in his privy chamber” from the circle of Hans Holbein the Younger (c.1548). Held by the British Musuem.
Reconstruction imagining the way the Great Watching Chamber, the first room beyond the Great Hall, may have appeared in the 1500s. Guards control the entrance; those allowed through are richly dressed. From www.hrp.org.uk/hampton-court-...
Detail showing Henry VIII tilting in front of Katherine of Aragon, from the Westminster tournament roll (1511). Held by the College of Arms.
Alof de Wignacourt and his page by Caravaggio (c. 1608). Held by the Louvre Museum.
Double portrait of Princess Mary Tudor and Charles Brandon, duke of Suffolk, attributed to Jan Gossaert (c.1516). Held by Woburn Abbey.
“King Edward VI and the Pope” by an unknown artist (c.1575). Held by the National Portrait Gallery.
Detail from “The Family of Henry VIII: An Allegory of the Tudor Succession: attributed to Lucas de Heere (c.1572). Held by the National Museum Cardiff.
Procession portrait of Elizabeth I of England by George Vertue (c.1600). Held in an unknown private collection.
#Tudor #History #ReadingThePast

[@sauvignonblanc0]

There is no need to apologise for your dyslexia. Even if you fluff some dates, it's not intended and you have a doctorate in history-more than mere mortals who watch your channel! Please continue with these epic videos. ✌️

[@leannboyea1822]

I do that and I don't have dyslexia! Dr Kat, you're awesome!

[@sallygreenfield6991]

@@leannboyea1822 I have dyslexia and am working on a PhD, and I can say, categorically, that the struggle is real. 😂😂😂

[@leannboyea1822]

@@sallygreenfield6991 best of luck to with your PhD!

[@louisemerriman1079]

Here here xx

[@ReadingthePast]

@ Sally Greenfield best of luck with your studies 🤩

[@mailnurse7019]

Dyslexia or no dyslexia, owning an error and admitting when we make a mistake is admirable. No worries Dr Kat. Integrity, authority and honesty comes in many forms.

[@ReadingthePast]

Thank you 😊

[@ryancarroll3957]

No this day in age you're meant to always know everything and never admit mistake were all perfect

[@ryancarroll3957]

@@ReadingthePast well done my lady. I enjoy listening to someone with the right education but not talking down to me It's like you're telling me over a glass of wine as wemeet up for dinner

[@TheSuzberry]

To earn a doctorate with the frustrations of dyslexia is a massive accomplishment! To manage the quality of research and presentation you do is amazing. Brava, lady!

[@ladygrndr9424]

This morning while listening to the news I heard that they located the HMS Gloucester, which had been carrying the the Duke of York (future king James Stewart) to Edinburg when it ran aground and foundered. The newscaster said that while 250 sailors and crew died, it was unclear how James miraculously survived. Me, sipping my coffee: "Well, THAT is a story I can't wait for Kat to tell us..."

[@lspthrattan]

This! I vote this idea for an upcoming topic!

[@TheMogregory]

@@lspthrattan me too

[@ReadingthePast]

I saw that headline - it’s being saved for next month’s news video 🤩

[@jacquitebbutt9446]

Yes definitely, Dr.kat please cover this storyline if at all possible. I love your channel, so informative and interesting.

[@kateh2007]

Please don't ever apologise Dr Kat, especially for something over which you have no control. I've been here since the very beginning and every single week I've loved each and every one of your wonderful presentations. I never fail to learn something new and am always left with food for thought for which I thank you. I hope that little Gabriel is keeping well ♥️.

[@ReadingthePast]

Thank you ☺️ G has been teething and toddler-ing so it’s been a white knuckle ride round here 🤣

[@robynw6307]

@@ReadingthePast And another to add to the brood? You can't possibly let such a sweet boy be an only child :)

[@kwells179]

@@ReadingthePast we have toddlers quite close in age(end of Oct here)and aren't they just toddler-ing like bosses 😬 🤣🤣 naptime is a blessing here

[@TheBlakia]

I would love to see some more detailes about the upbringing of young noble ladies from Tudor times. What did they learn, did they have privat tudors, how would they be treated at court, what did they do all day? And how did all that differ from boys?

[@ReadingthePast]

Did you see my video on Margaret More (married name Roper) - granted she’s a bit of an exceptional case but you may find it connects to some of your questions here 😊

[@TheBlakia]

@@ReadingthePast I will check it out for sure!

[@margarethoskins6625]

Just last year I discovered after lo these many decades that the word courtyard comes from the area that courtiers both foreign and domestic , would gather to talk about court affairs, gossip and generally chat until their time to be admitted to do their business so to speak. To me it was a mini revelation, one of those words you don't think about the origin .😊

[@ReadingthePast]

That’s so cool!

[@margarethoskins6625]

@@ReadingthePastalmost as cool as a reply from Dr kat 😀

[@michellejenkins5922]

Dr Kat thank you for the gadget you highlighted with regards to reading the documents out loud. My grandson has severe reading difficulties so desperate were we to help him I bought it, he is now coming on with his school work. More to the point though is the fact that his confidence and abilities are getting stronger every single day. For this I cannot thank you enough, he adores history so showing him your videos where you talk of your dyslexia and struggles has really given his ego a boost that I has a non sufferer could not. Thank you I really mean that from the bottom of my heart you have given back my grandchild, the loving boy he was before he realized he wasn't like others and started down the wrong road. Now he is starting to thrive.

[@theaxe6198]

Reading out loud is fabulous

[@pamelarich1240]

Dr. Kat, Thank you for this program. Although I am not British, The Tudor Period has always been my favorite time of your country’s extensive and fascinating history. Court life would have interesting to experience only if you weren’t that close to the Powers to be. Again, thank you for sharing your knowledge and time.

[@kathyjones3586]

I enjoyed this video immensely! Thank you, Dr. Kat. I would enjoy a video in which you describe the workings "below stairs" in Tudor palaces, i.e. the kitchens, wine cellars, taking care of the silver & gold plate, etc.

[@martyal]

I’ve wondered about how the clothing was repaired, cleaned, and altered.

[@ReadingthePast]

I will add this to my list, thank you 😊

[@stephanieking4444]

The court was the epicentre of government. Everything personal was political. In the case of Elizabeth I, the fact that her inner sanctum was exclusively female boosted the influence of women in politics. Historian Tracy Borman's recent book, 'Elizabeth's women', explores the important role played by the queen's ladies.

[@katharper655]

Dear Dr. Kat: Thank you so very much for this particular video. For some time I have been scouring various historical tomes in an attempt to-and I blush here--discern whether the movie portrayals of the court workings of specifically Mary I and Elizabeth I were at all accurate. I am pleased to say this video was of immense help in sorting out those questions. Thank you again, so very much. It's often occurred to me that, had YOU been my Professor of Medieval English History, I wouldn't have found myself so frequently at 3 a.m. poring over my classroom notes, and getting no further forward for having lost sleep. To be succinct, YOU are an exceptionally engaging and informative Teacher in every way

[@ReadingthePast]

Thank you so much ☺️

[@richane22]

My daughter and grandson are both dyslexic. Geniuses when they speak, not so much when they read or write. I love their quirks and fluffs. It makes them unique and even more wonderful, just like you. I think you are adorable and I love your well executed and researched videos. I doubt many would even notice a fluff here or there. This was a very interesting video. It answered many questions. Thank you.

[@ericccax6884]

Never apologize for who you are! We are going to enjoy your content either way! It takes a lot of work to put these videos out & I, for one, appreciate it SO MUCH! Thank you, thank you! ❤

[@haleydukelow2988]

So happy for your sponsorship opportunities. The start of great things for you. This channel is just the beginning!

[@JuliahistoryLover]

When I watched the tutors, I was so curious about what exactly it meant by “court” and I was so confused about the concept of or whether it was a place. I love your explanations and analysis on everything! I would love to see a TV show that really shows the viewer what it would have been like attending court

[@FanFicnic]

Dr Kat I am a firm believer that the community following a creator is a reflection of who they are. If we are lovely, it is because YOU are lovely.

[@manyagaver1946]

Yay! This channel and Fundie Fridays are two of the reasons Friday is the best day of the week.

[@pwile2002]

Was there actual compensation for the ladies at court or did they receive room and board and the opportunity to be noticed and maybe snag a wealthy husband? If there was compensation, how was that doled out and by whom? Was it an annual allotment? Was it cash or some kind of credit?

[@ReadingthePast]

There were “pensions” to be had and, for the favoured ladies, there would be other perks. If she had a husband, her rewards might include a title and lands for her husband, which in turn raised her status. An unmarried lady’s father might open similar doors to climbing the social order.

[@jayleigh4642]

Such a beautiful presentation. I always enjoy your channel and, always end up saying to myself.. “Mmmmm I never knew that!” Thank you so much. 🙏🏻

[@dawnwood6705]

You are the best. I love all the information you so freely give. No need for apologies. Sending love and prayers from Maryland USA on the loss of your beloved Queen.

[@annettebrinson8426]

Dear lady, you always enlighten, inform and delight me with your knowledge and wit. I too am burdened with the transposing of numbers and words. No need to apologize. You are keeping us on our toes. I thoroughly enjoy your videos which you present with charm and grace!

[@roxannemcmann1497]

I'd love to know who controlled the actual staff staff and then the maids who did haul the water and did change the linens and did wash said linens but who oversaw them? By the way big fan love you Dr Kat

[@joelleross4988]

Your show is hands down my favorite- I always get excited when I new one is posted. Have you ever considered doing the French kings! It’s so interesting but I do get my Tudor kick here. I tried to sign up for history hits and it wasn’t working for me 🙂

[@TheLucyluwho]

Dyscalculia might not be as well know as Dyslexia but is just as difficult to deal with. I would like to know more as to what happened in the queens apartments on a day to day basis. Did the ladies who served her stay in the apartments in a dorm like room or own. How would they know the queen was up to attend her. We’re they forced to stay in her apartments or could the venture around. I would go batty been stuck in a room day in day out.

[@ReadingthePast]

These are great questions and I think I have enough to say about them to make another video so I’ll add it to my list. Thank you 😊

[@OcarinaSapphr-]

This was a fascinating watch! I’d love a follow-up, with the social & religious complexities of the Stuart-era Courts- & how the Court function changed during the Civil Wars, & what the Interregnum Court was like...

[@Hochspitz]

Dr Kat, I really enjoy the work you do, bringing "everyday" history to life. Your research is amazing. If the odd mistake occurs, you quickly find it. That is enough, apologies are not needed.

[@louiseberman4241]

You have managed extremely well to obtain a doctorate, even those without dyslexia struggle with words and numbers cariad. Well done x

[@antoniamurphy7728]

Hi Dr Kat, I have watched you from the start of your wonderful channel and I continue to enjoy your impartial, interesting and educational videos. Thank you for bringing people from the past (my favourite being the Tudor period) to life. I would love to see a video that concentrated purely on Tudor dress. What happened to them once worn, who were they gifted to, how were they re-fashioned and did the royals dress to impress every day? I can't see Henry VIII having a pyjama day 🤣👍 Hope you feel better soon. Thank you again for your wonderful channel 👍

[@ReadingthePast]

Great suggestion! Thank you, I’ll add it to my list 🤩

[@stephanieking4444]

Great topic. I would love a video about that too. There is a book called " Queen Elizabeth's wardrobe unlocked" about the inventory of Elizabeth I's garments. I don't know if you can still purchase it online, it must have been published in the late 90s. Maybe a library? Or a second hand collectors site? It's really informative about what garments were made of and what happened to them

[@amandapittar9398]

Dyslexia, dysplexia, doesn’t affect how fascinating your videos are. I’ve loved them from the start. My son has the most dreadful dyslexia, is left handed and has “left- right confusion” what ever that is. He is an avid reader, a whizz on computers, a musician ( a sax player) with a beautiful bass voice and got into NZs premiere university. Those with dyslexia just need 1. Early diagnosis 2. Early help 3. Ongoing patient encouragement. I’m one of your biggest fans, even our bookshelves have some of the same books ( mine is a MA Hons in History, oh to do a doctorate, bliss) and I have a soft spot for the Tudors too. Mediaeval is my love. Love, love, love your videos. Thank you🌟🌟🌟👍🏻👍🏻👍🏻👍🏻

[@aimeefriedman822]

Years ago I read a book (it was rather large, but I can't remember name) that explained from historical documents, how many people truly were in the castles at one time. It was absolutely a city full of secrets, intrigue, an incomprehensible amount of food and drink and waste. It detailed the amount of food and cost, in detail, the behavior of all the drunken people walking around and the general smell of the middle ages and Renaissance. Ledgers and Ledgers if daily detail for each particular castle. Henry's building projects, the detailed plans and drawings of castles that no longer exist in modern times. I gotta find that book. I think I'd like to read it again.

[@kimberlyperrotis8962]

Everyone has something odd, Dr. Kat. When I used to get PMS, I couldn’t speak properly and kept making those goofy “Spoonerisms”, you know like a “lead of hettuce” instead of “head of lettuce”, I just couldn’t spit the words out right, the problem was in my brain. My husband eventually connected the two things and would ask “is your flux coming?” (sounded better than period to me) when he heard me doing this, I wasn’t very aware of it. I would check my calendar, and yes, sure enough, it would be due within 24 - 72 hours! Number transpositions are extremely common in everyone, dyslexic or not. I was taught an accounting trick: if totals were off by nine, there was a transposition of numbers. Of course, spreadsheets eliminated this problem.

[@kimberlyperrotis8962]

I meant to say, at work one day, that I didn’t have the “best rest” the night before, apparently I said the “brest nest”, not technically a Spoonerism, but very typical of my problem and even more embarrassing than usual. Why was I discussing my breasts and nests in a meeting? Well, I didn’t mean to!

[@garrymyers9185]

Very happy to know that bum-wiping was NOT a standard court duty. Thank you.

[@jameshalley9763]

I love these presentations. Looking forward to untangle my connection to the Tudor Courts, as a descendant of Mary Boleyn and her two children.

[@megremisfamily4music]

Glad you are recovering, Dr Kat! Thank you for your well-researched content on English history. I so look forward to your videos! One area I’d like to understand better is the Magna Carta of 1215 and how all-powerful kings such as Henry VIII ruled within the confines of it.

[@ReadingthePast]

This is interesting, I would like to get a better grasp on Magna Carta so this is going on my list for the future! Thank you 😊

[@megremisfamily4music]

@@ReadingthePast I’m so happy you’re intrigued about the Magna Carta as well. I’ll be on the lookout for what you find Also, I’m so excited about the numerous suggestions from other viewers- your channel is such a highlight in my life as I’m sure it is for many others.

[@HikariHolic]

I never get tired of your videos, Dr. Kat! Was so happy to see this on my feed!

[@Pattygblanco]

I LOVED this video. Any chance there's a part two , or even three? This is a fascinating subject and you presented it so clear and friendly that it would be interesting if you could go deeper on this matter. THANK YOU ❤

[@BeeKool__113]

It’s okay, Doctor Kat. I too am Dyslexic and I invert numbers and dates. Your videos are so intricate and detailed. I imagine it is difficult to detect small errors. You always provide all of us with fascinating and fun videos. ❤️

[@lifeinthevoid1595]

That was really interesting and thanks for clearing up that misconception about duties in the privy chamber (got a bit traumatised by Horrible Histories). Also topics of interest: Who lost and won the royal visit lottery like who bankrupted themselves and who came out winners from royal visits? Also something I've always wondered is what's really the difference between a monarch (from times like the Tudors) and a dictator? It would be nice to have a clear explanation from someone who knows what they're talking about 🙂

[@calebmonroe5655]

Again, dear Dr. Kat, you are an inspiration to me and my sibling, lovers of history (I am studying to be a history teacher) and both very dyslexic! Fluffed dates happen with or without! Thank you for your shared knowledge and your representation

[@kathyjaneburke2798]

We love you Dr. Kat!

[@brooke_reiverrose2949]

Would love to hear more about Elizabeth’s ladies: who were they, what was their influence on history, what was their relationship to the queen like, what were their duties and day to day life like I have discalculia and am autistic so I know how things can be extra challenging. Studying history is so much reading! So that must have been hard. It’s neat, though, to know someone I admire so much is neurodivergent like me, so thanks for being open about it

[@LS-qw3ez]

Would you consider a video on the various accuracies and inaccuracies in the series ‘The Tudors’? Love all your content❤️

[@ReadingthePast]

I can definitely look into this! Thank you 😊

[@elizabethdibble5159]

Be prepared for a very long or multi part series! 😁

[@dale3404]

I’m no Tudor scholar, but I could only watch a few scenes due to the egregious inaccuracies. Maybe a list from Dr Kat would make it more tolerant.

[@nummulite99]

@@dale3404 but you know… if it sparks interest, it could be an encouragement for people to delve deeper into the works of more ‘respected’ scholars like Dr Kat :-)

[@dale3404]

@@nummulite99 One can only hope.

[@tricorvus2673]

This is exactly what I was looking for. This was exactly the information that answers a burning question that I've had for a very long time.

[@nataliesmith3429]

Thank you for the history! I look forward to your uploads!!

[@jennaolbermann7663]

Please don’t apologize for dyslexia, I have a daughter who struggles academically and I have shared your story with her and find you inspiring! I find your videos well done and beautifully presented. Please keep up the wonderful work and best wishes on your studies.

[@sh236]

Yay!!! Love ending my week with a Dr. Kat video!!!

[@susannahbsmith8685]

Always a joy to have a moment to sit down and watch and listen to your newest video. Thank you so much, I love learning new things every time!

[@sethohara7826]

I love your videos, you’ve a very relaxing voice, and the information is always presented interestingly. It’s like listening to a historical audiobook. Thank you! ✨

[@mandicruz912]

I would love to see you do a video on the expectation of duties, behavior & responsibilities of a Queen in the Tudor era.

[@vrananikola]

Get well soon 🖤 and thank you for the video 🖤

[@karlalandaverde3113]

Glad you're feeling better dr. We love your videos😊😊❤👍

[@PomegranateStaindGrn]

You’ve touched on this a bit in previous videos and I thought I had an understanding as a result, so I wouldn’t have thought to request another more in depth video outlining details of court. Fortunately, I didn’t have to and still received the gift of such a wonderfully informative video. Thank you, Dr Kat.

[@starlightglazer9181]

Thank you, Dr. Kat, for this and all your video's. I am a fan of the content you show case. Blessings & keep on healing.

[@hannahhancock1185]

I've been waiting on a video about the Royal Court for so long and you did not disappoint! Thank you for the very informative video, Dr. Kat!

[@nancytestani1470]

Look at Princess Mary’s gown..just gorgeous.

[@hollyrr]

I really enjoy your videos. You communicate your enthusiasm so well, with facts where possible and measured speculation where necessary. Thank you.

[@angeleslafuente7030]

Thank you very mucho, Dr. Kat, for your effort of doing this video with your voice...Very interesting, as always.

[@Kamila_Koziol]

This is my favourite type of history - the history of idea and concepts. I think we sometime use terms that hold some meaning nowadays and fail to remember that the notion could vary significantly in the past. So digging into what it meant for those in the past is extremely helpful to understand their motivations.

[@chiron14pl]

Your suggestion that the Elizabethan court was influenced by the ladies of the Privy Chamber is quite an interesting new perspective, and makes good sense

[@debbralehrman5957]

Thank you so much for all the information you bring to us. You make it interesting and ent aging. Have a good week.

[@jaqathome]

I’m so glad I found your channel! This was so helpful. I have always wondered exactly what the court was.

[@ameliecarre4783]

I never really understood the word "eavesdropping" but these little guys in Hampton Court certainly illustrate it vividly.

[@stacegageTWDfan]

I’ve recently found your channel, it was highly recommended by KZbin, I thoroughly enjoy it, please don’t apologize for anything, your videos are great, don’t change a thing ❤️

[@joannelwatson5066]

Hope that you are feeling better. I adore your videos and look forward to hearing your lovely voice💜💜

[@carinelaberge5352]

Long time subscriber and avid watcher but first time commenter. I just wanted to share my love of your content. I never miss a video. Thank you for all that you do Dr. Kat

[@sarahPARRAfan]

I just love these history lessons!

[@purplepeopleeater6880]

Love you Dr Kat and you do sound husky but I still love the sound of your voice. I love your content and how you communicate our history. Take care of yourself so we can hear more from you xx

[@i.aint.1.of.ur.little.friends]

I love your channel. Super interesting and awesome to listen to on my walks!

[@Liutgard]

Kat, this was EXCELLENT! Thank you!

[@robynstoy9850]

Dr Kat as always a well researched and interesting presentation. A Royal visit sounds like the ultimate high pressure house guest!!

[@heatheralice89]

You delivery of information is perfect Dr Kat 😊

[@BarbaraJV1]

Love your videos Kat, easy to listen to and really enjoyable. Thank you 🙏

[@robynw6307]

Curious as to when a court such as the Tudors had ceased to be, and what took its place. Does the current monarch Elizabeth II have something that would be considered a court, or has it become obsolete? If she does, what does it look like compared to the Tudors?

[@platedlizard]

She has a court but it’s much smaller. I believe she has some Ladies in Waiting but only a few and they don’t live with her 24/7. Since most of England’s political power is now in Parliament the schemers and spies would be mostly focused there. I suspect whatever she has of a court consists of old friends and family.

[@ShallowApple22]

Really Kat your videos are always above and beyond expectations ❤️

[@margaridarichardson6434]

Thank you, most enjoyable as usual.

[@howtubeable]

Thank you, Dr. Kat, for your content. Your videos are both informative and entertaining. And yes. I'm still subscribed.

[@heatheralice89]

Love it Dr Kat! 💖

[@ginoginnetti]

I love listening to your channel. Thank you for sharing your knowledge 🥰

[@GROK99]

You are completely awesome Dr Kat.

[@belindamackey482]

Great history and you explain it so well .. I really appreciate your videos

[@sandrapearson728]

Just heard George Ezra on the radio, apparently he’s a huge fan of Tudor history and listens to audiobooks on the Tudors. I think he should follow you ❤️

[@billwheeler3687]

I hope you feel better soon, Dr Kat.

[@alexhoover2270]

Ps glad ur feeling better please know these videos make my day every Fri

[@lindaisenegger163]

This was an amazing epiphany to any and all past regimes....wowsa!

[@madonnashelton7913]

I really love to listen to you. Your speaking style and content is brilliant. So thank you for that. I'm interested in Cardinal Woolsey. Do you have a video specifically about him?

[@mesamies123]

BRILLIANT, as always! Thank you! 🙂❤

[@julieproctor3159]

Your a great narrator. Thank you for sharing. I’ll definitely be following you on social media. Be safe x

[@mariamesser2418]

Do not apologize for an impediment that you cannot control. I enjoy your videos please don’t stop it shows you are human

[@susanwarren398]

Thank you. I enjoyed this very much.

[@SeanMcGuire92]

Honestly, I would LOVE a breakdown of what the roles in the Privy Chamber were like. I know of the Groom of the Stool, of course, what what other positions were there? What were their lives like? I've never wondered this until watching Becoming Elizabeth, where we frequently see Elizabeth's ladies sleeping on the floor of her bedchamber (and, in one scene where Thomas Seymour comes for Edward VI, we see Robert Dudley and other young men sleeping on Edward's floor). And what exactly *is* Robert Dudley's role, as we see it in Becoming Elizabeth? He seems to be both security and chief waiter. I'd love to learn more from you about life as a member of the Privy Chamber and the role available in such a trusted group!

[@renferal5290]

Really enjoyed this video. Lots of good information and very interesting.

[@mackss9468]

Great video, always love your Tudor videos. That last part about Elizabeth was a doozy!

[@nancybradford8514]

Oh I loved this one, 😍❤, I have always wondered how things worked in court and why, excellent, thank you 😊

[@nancyM1313]

👑❤👑enjoying all of your videos Dr. KAT. tyvmuch!

[@skiker4560]

Love your episodes. I am subscribed. 😊thanks

[@DipityS]

That was very interesting, I've always wondered how it worked - while I hear the terms I've was vague on what exactly they all defined. Thank you for clearing that up for me.

[@debbiev4455]

This subject was so interesting!

[@mariellouise1]

It would be interesting to learn how the royal court linked up with cities and major villages. What was the chain of administrative offices and responsibilities throughout the country?

[@lspthrattan]

Dyslexia be damned; your scholarly attitude and devotion to the truth are why we stay with you, and your honest struggle dyslexia is part of that. The occasional mistake will happen with any human anyway; people who throw stones often live in glass houses, I find, so pay them no mind. Meanwhile, nurse that throat. Try ginger lemon tea with honey and a dash of ground cayenne pepper. Been using that remedy for decades; give it a try :) and I hope you feel better soon.

[@ReadingthePast]

Thank you so much 😊