How Batteries Work - Battery electricity working principle

How does a battery work, learn from the basics where we use and battery and how batteries work. With thanks to Squarespace for sponsoring this video. Go to Squarespace.com for a free trial and when you’re ready to launch, go to squarespace.com/engineeringmin... and add code “ENGINEERINGMINDSET" at checkout to save 10% off your first purchase of a website or domain
Correction: Correction: 2:53 "first layer is the anode" should say "first layer is the cathode"
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[@EngineeringMindset]

⚠️ *This video took a lot of time to make* if you would like to buy Paul a coffee to say thanks, link below: ☕ PayPal: www.paypal.me/TheEngineerinMindset

[@chrismason1530]

A video on transistors would be greatly appreciated ;D

[@blitz8229]

Nice Video! Can you do a video about IGBTs/JFETs/Semiconductors in Power Electronics? Keep going!

[@blitz8229]

@@shashikanthb In physics yes, but not in chemistry, and batteries count as chemical thingys, so he did everything right!

[@andraskatona9766]

Great video! A bit of constructive criticism: you tend to use the therm "atom" in incorrect ways. In general you should be useing "particle" instead of "atom" to be safe. (An atom is a neutral particle by definition. And an ionised atom is an ion. An ion can be any charged particle but an atom consist of only one chemical element. "Hydroxide ion atom" sounds very very unprofessional, instead you should use the therm Hydroxide ion or if you want to hydroxide ion particle.)

[@aayushmansharma5702]

1.00 electricity run from + to-

[@claydoza1653]

I'll be honest for some reason I always thought that electricity flowed from positive to negative but now that I've started an engineering apprenticeship, I've wanted answers to my questions. Thank you for your explanations and videos. it's truly sad that teachers and school curriculums could not explain it this well. :)

[@EngineeringMindset]

Thank you, much appreciated. I don't know why more schools don't just play our videos in class or give kids the links to watch at home.

[@whatisthisnewfeaturehandle]

​@@EngineeringMindsetMy teacher loves your videos.

[@JorgeOrozco-hv9rs]

I am 32 years old and I recently became really interested in electricity for some weird reason. I started to remember some of the questions about electricity that I had a kid... I'll be honest, I feel betrayed by my country's education system. I can see myself working in something related to engineering but I just never knew any of this at the right age... I am doing well in my current career as a finance/excel guy... I am thinking I could go back to school and try something else.

[@epicxel1564]

Ngl this is actually pretty easy to understand with the way you are explaining and conveying it to us, hats off to you man!

[@EngineeringMindset]

Thank you

[@yomanwsup]

Its not easy bud

[@dhillongurisingh6510]

well if thats the case then im a dumba33👍

[@newbreedzorro204]

He uses terms most can understand I agree he is awesome

[@slaythompson]

Crazy how simple he makes it. I’m studying IT at the moment and had to learn electronic fundamentals for 6 months straight. Learning electron flow is crazy to grasp, but he definitely breaks it down in such a simple way. I watched this because even after just finishing studying this stuff, I still felt I didn’t completely understand how electricity is generated. After this video I feel much more confident in my understanding. There’s a reason we’re required to go through 6 months of this learning before being allowed to touch a PC, because it’s very complex and is extremely difficult to learn in just a couple KZbin videos. Appreciate the knowledge!

[@cyberdevil657]

Why did I discover this channel only today? This is amazing!! My inner nerd is screaming to learn everything.

[@ominoverde5602]

my inner nerd is screaming and learn everything XD

[@MoonshineSazerac]

The fact that these are animated makes them so much better than traditional static education. It's so hard to imagine how electrical theories work when some spod is scribbling them haphazardly on a whiteboard.

[@raidoung4100]

honestly, if hes writing from his own brain memory, then theres some chance he understands it. Otherwise, if he copies from his or someone eleses notes , then probably he doesnt even understand what hes teaching....Too many followers in the "Science" religion, but very few real old-school scientists.....

[@pandoraboxofstudy2104]

At end ,all electrons are deposited at cathode ( positive terminal) of battery and hence the battery stops working ????

[@jeffharrison1090]

Hi great video, but either I confused myself (easy to do) or perhaps you misspoke at time frame 2:51. You said the 1st layer is the "Anode" a mixture of Manganese Oxide and Graphite, then a fibrous barrier, a alkaline electrolyte, then a Zinc powder Anode. Anode,barrier,Anode! At 9:55 a picture shows Manganese as Cathode! So in a way if ppl truly pay attention or waiting for the cathode to come into the picture, 9:55 will grab their attn. Quite possible, I misunderstood everything from beginning to end...in which case, I greatly apologize.

[@themagnificentdebunker2644]

Yeah, I think he misspoke and called the Manganese Oxide & Graphite layer anode when he meant cathode.

[@harshilchukkala2761]

yeah , i also noticed the same thing

[@randomuser3741]

Yeah, he probably made a mistake.

[@brijeshribadiya]

This better than our school teacher's explanation..

[@kunalkashyap5807]

Ya right

[@addyraptor3675]

In India, school teachers don't care that much about explaining the students in depth because they know that almost every child goes to tuition aside from school. India Ki KAHANI.

[@91Jawad]

Glad to hear but also worrying to hear

[@ardev4524]

@@91Jawad copied form engineering mindset

[@dae1925]

@@ardev4524?

[@brucefay5126]

Love the “crocodile clips.” Here in the U.S. we call them “alligator clips.” :-)

[@EngineeringMindset]

Interesting! thanks for sharing

[@brucefay5126]

Things tend to get named after whatever is in the local environment. :-)

[@jamesallen74]

As a 45 year old man, I call them "Ex-wife's grip on my paycheck"

[@paulgaras2606]

Bruce Fay wait... they don’t have crocodiles in the UK...

[@brucefay5126]

Good point, Paul.

[@princeihezue7577]

This is an amazing and educative channel Your explanations are really easy to understand unlike other channels. Good work!

[@survivor2061]

You are not only a educator but also a good animator

[@radicalxedward8047]

Great videos. You answer so many things (without being overwhelming) that many others skip over as well as not over relying on analogies that break down the deeper into them you get.

[@rizaumami3195]

Hhhh

[@chawkimoussaaouina676]

You have a knack for simple and lucid explanations. Really I thank you for that .❤️

[@cc90351]

This is awesome, thank you so much. A few questions, if you happen to see this and have the time 1 - How can the membrane be porous enough to allow ions to pass through, but not electrons (which are smaller, no)? Is it saturated with the electrolyte so together its solid, and the electrolyte has a specific breakdown voltage/dielectric strength? or am i missing something 2 - At 3:30 you say the electrolyte is sprayed on the inside of the fibrous membrane, but then at 8:59 the electrolyte is labeled outside the fibrous membrane - which is it? This may already be covered in whatever the answer is to my first question 3- It would be really helpful to see the chemical equations written out - you say in reduction the H20 used gets replaced by one rejected in oxidation, but you didn't indicate an H20 being rejected and I can't seem to piece it together using the chemical equation Again thank you so much, this video was super helpful!

[@romanlee8287]

Thank you for all the videos you and your team create. They are so binge-worthy. So easy to learn from them!

[@Gizmotech13]

But, how do rechargeable batteries work? Is it as simple as reversing the electron flow to recharge depleted chemicals/ materials?

[@rravitejamavr6650]

Yep, this generates opposite voltage where electrons move to the end they initially came from but ofcourse original reaction will be far more complicated than this but this basic idea.

[@EngineeringMindset]

Rechargeable battery video here kzbin.info/www/bejne/jJ-zg4trr7aKgtk

[@stevengouws8684]

So grateful for your channel guys. Really awesome. Wish everyone taught like this. Thank you.

[@godspeed2145]

"In an alkaline battery, the electrolyte is potassium hydroxide (KOH) in a solution of water. It is in contact with the anode material and helps ions and electrons flow." He left this part out, just encase the water part blew your mind

[@lordofleviathans8432]

You are seriously really good at teaching. I'm definitely recommending you to my physics teacher

[@suds8079]

small correction! at 2:53 you have said the first layer (MnO2+Graphite layer) is anode which is incorrect. It is actually ''Cathode''

[@dilankaherath1388]

I'm a sri lankan..thank you so much for the lesson..it's good explaination😊😊

[@nonshatter7]

They say a picture speaks a thousand words but your video speaks a million. I'm looking for a high quality battery charger and this video expertly covers some of my ancillary research.

[@TampaTec]

2:15 batteries + is cathode and - is anode but its opposite for diodes + anode and - cathode. So electrons always move from anode to cathode. 🤔

[@ian8527]

To my knowledge, the negative terminal is the anode, even for diodes. Make sure you're not bring confused by the difference between conventional current and electron flow.

[@robp4616]

Electrons move from anode to cathode when discussing conventional current, but you're correct when stating that diodes are typically represented as anode (+) and cathode (-). Take the simple LED, for example, and how it's shown in your average electrical diagram.

[@andraskatona9766]

Yes. This comes from chemistry, where anode is the place that loses electrons (oxidation), and chaode is the electrode that gains electrons (reduction) in the process. As you said :) . Fun fact: if you force electrons backwards with an outside force like in a rechargable battery, than the electrodes switch sides. the - marked side of the battery will be the cathode.

[@francescaaub-robinson3731]

Thanks for the discussion gents. It would help to have that explained in the video.

[@singha2927]

So when you charge battery why elecrtron move from cathode to anode?

[@deanharris-martin1849]

Another fantastic video!! Honestly I am loving your content at the moment. Especially the DC motor video! This helped greatly with my recent assignment! Thank you and keep up the good work.

[@EngineeringMindset]

Thank you very much!

[@thicantran3388]

Hxjxi

[@sahilsinha209]

@@EngineeringMindset Thanku Sir Love from India....Beautifully Explained a Complex topic for me 😄

[@atharzayyan9710]

@@EngineeringMindset e

[@filip505]

Amazing videos, i had few attempts to learn electronics in my life but it always end up confused, watching this videos answered so many questions I had, thank you!

[@valramsingh8360]

ok ...so you get a lot of great positive comments..and here's why..you combine the science in its simplest explanation with the principles and you create a clear unmuddled pathway of understanding ..complete with great graphics..therre should be some sort of Award for this ..if not heres to "THE BEST SCIENCE VIDEOS ON YOU TUBE!:..

[@valramsingh8360]

Well deserved

[@pritanyt]

Love how you explain everything in detail , keep it up

[@cimfur]

Wow! I started watching and paused it at 1:02. I then lipped "WTF!" along with a roadrage arm gesture because I could not get a simple easy to understand from other resources. This could have saved me so much trouble. Thank You.

[@sarahsalehi8651]

I can't say by words how amazing you went through all this and how much I'm thankful for that. God blessed you. THANKKKKSSS

[@haider63530]

Very well explained and straight to the point, even though I'm not a native English speaker but I understood about 85% of the video.. thanks alot

[@porciwall9261]

I love EE, learning about it makes my day a lot better; it's so calming to feel all of the little gears clicking in my head! Thanks

[@Yepp31]

Yeah u are right👍🏻

[@onetripwonders]

Wicked video! Love the format and pacing. High quality.

[@arcticdan]

Excellent video. Thank you for this and clearing up the - to + power flow.

[@sudirmanyudiartawan8839]

🙏🙏🙏🙏

[@tommygreenough1371]

You guys are awesome! You have helped me so much in understanding how things work! It has really helped with my electrical class I'm taking in the us :) thanks!

[@mohammad_reza.s3215]

Thank you and your team so much ❤️. I'm living in Iran, and I couldn't find any useful video about this topic in Persian, so I started to search in English and finally found you're video

[@anuraggupta7969]

Wow....I am loving your videos.....thanks for the effort you have put in to offer such high-quality content for free....

[@chapriyoutuber1860]

I came here just because I was curious about batteries but you cleared some basic topics of my studies which always confused me while getting harder topics. So thankU for that too...

[@shortscuffedgamer282]

Did I just.. learn more in one video than in 5lessons?

[@matheustunas4691]

Im from Restinga Seca/Brasil. Your work is amazing. I learned a lot of things wachting your staff. Congratulations and thanks!

[@aatmanpanchamiya-018]

this is the greatest explanation ever. i was finding a video to know that how did the battery work but no video explained nicely then i got this video and it explained me in the perfect way.

[@fasiuddiin]

aye this is some OG stuff 🤞🏻

[@MrKastila]

8:11 "insulators" are pronounced differently than I expected. Either way, this is an amazing video! Thanks so much!

[@gracechen2412]

Excellent explanation and illustration! Finally electricity is no longer a mystery😄

[@jrausa1]

Wow- I’ve been trying to understand the chemical reaction for a long time, and have researched in many places. Finally- a video that explains it clearly. Thanks so much!

[@alladamohan9339]

Is electron flow is opposite to current flow?

[@alladamohan9339]

Plzz explain any one

[@jrausa1]

@@alladamohan9339 Conventional current flow is positive to negative. It’s technically wrong- current (electrons) flow from negative to positive. Benjamin Franklin got it wrong, and it’s been taught that way ever since. These days, you’ll see some teachers who show conventional current flow, and some who show electron current flow. It doesn’t really matter which one you use to analyze a circuit. You just have to be consistent.

[@jmack619]

@@alladamohan9339 no, curent is the flow and volume of current without time being calculated. Sorta like water in a pipe

[@grantmccoy6739]

This channel gives me ASMR chills. I still don't get series circuits with batteries. It seems to me that the positive and negative terminals that touch would just short circuit and the power would be wasted. As far as I'm aware, the chemicals are charged from the factory, meaning that as soon as the connection is made, electricity flows and they can become neutral. If this is the case, then the original circuit through the load won't result in further voltage coming out the negative terminal. Doesn't connecting the positive and negative terminals satisfy the condition to discharge the battery? Why would it result in greater voltage? Also, how come series circuits don't discharge when they're connected, even without the load circuit being completed? They are only partially open, there is still at least one connected cathode/anode. Series circuits just don't make sense to me. Parallel circuits don't have this problem at all.

[@chillinandkillin1891]

The visuals in all your videos help me understand the topics much better, thank you for making these videos :)

[@djmarjo2000]

I have never seen a better explanation. In my university the teachers weren't able to explain this so perfectly and in-depth. Super!

[@andraskatona9766]

A practical point: the batteries described in the video are the non leaking kind marked with "LR". There is an other kind of very leaky alkaline battery that has the zinc on the outside as a caseing. They consume their caseing while dischargeing and eventually leak out. They are marked "R" try to avoid them.

[@daytonturner2265]

This dude is an absolute god send

[@KirstyTube]

Wow. I got a A in GCSE electronics 25 years ago. It would have been a lot easier for my teacher to explain if he had this video lol. Great video.

[@ryantimmsjr7639]

You're a good teacher, man. Keep it up 👍🏻

[@jamesallen74]

EXCELLENT video as always. Do you plan to cover rechargeable batteries?

[@EngineeringMindset]

Yeah if this is popular then for sure

[@EngineeringMindset]

Rechargeable battery video here kzbin.info/www/bejne/jJ-zg4trr7aKgtk

[@johnstonsobed9873]

This guy is farther more good than my physics teacher.....😁😁😁

[@soheibmammeri810]

You made me love electricity and thinking about electrons

[@lukmly013]

What they teach us at school: Electricity is electricity, and electricity is dangerous, so don't mess around with it. So yes, I know everything about it from the internet, parents hate so much

[@burntnugget1854]

We learn more from being home for quarantine than actually going to school

[@oliobgmoti-bulgaria8401]

mindblown by how well you simplify ❤️

[@tutejszy]

This is the best video about basic electricity that I have ever seen

[@nd8774]

Omg thank you so much, such in depth explanation of how electricity works really helped me alot.

[@PatrickQT]

Finally a good explanation. The other channels try to explain it with 1 sentence like "yeeeah this is the cathode and thats the anode and thats how a battery works" ... like.. OK I guess.

[@finaruliviu7701]

very very good ! this is the best video for battery I found on youtube ! now it is clear for me how it works; you shoud go to schools with your videos , all the kids will love physics ! 🙏👌👍

[@ConorFenlon]

Excellent information, very informative. Although, the graphic at 0:47, which showcases electron flow, insinuates that the negative electrode is the cathode, and the positive electrode is the anode. At 2:13 the anode is said to be negative, and cathode is said to be positive, but in practice the reverse is the accepted standard. Cathode is generally the negative electrode.

[@ebeb9156]

Also get chills in this moment. 🤣 Its only semantic but unacceptable one.

[@andraskatona9766]

The Engineering Mindset is very spot on about the nameing of the electrodes. The terms anode and catode does not indicate the polarity of the electrode. They only show the direction of the chemical reaction (oxidation or reduction where anode is always the electrode with oxidation).

[@ebeb9156]

@@andraskatona9766 i didnt see in video discusion about diffusion of Galium Nitride in the vacum tube🤪 Its video made by engineers for engineers( or for Elctro hobysts). The only way to survive in the world of EEs is to accept symantics, no place for questioning - its not physics.

[@andraskatona9766]

@@ebeb9156 You walked into the field of stinking chemistry. Here chemical engineering rules! XD

[@saleemshahzad4215]

Just to be clear electrons always flow from - to + irrespective of whatever you call it ??? Am I right ??

[@VeriousSmithIII]

Great content. Thanks for explaining this so clearly.

[@deongerber1327]

Excellent video man. You explain things very simplistically👏👏

[@mrshodz]

The best and complete explanation I have seen so far.

[@DeGodOfTime]

This is so cool! Electrons? I’m interested! I liked this baby in an instant!

[@xila8861]

Thank you for existing The Engineering Mindset.

[@Killy-Man-Jara]

Thanks for this video I am doing a science fair pretty much on batteries😊

[@michaelfuxeklint4909]

This one will probably be seen many times, it's good to know even for non-professionals 👍👍

[@georgehatz5927]

Love the video. Quick question though...At 2.52, did he misspeak and call the first layer of manganese oxide an anode? Isn't that the cathode? At 9 minutes, he labels the manganese the cathode

[@thephilosophicalphysicist3630]

A brilliant video, masterfully animated. The only issue I found was the absence of the chemical equations of reactions taking place in the battery. Otherwise it was great, thanks.

[@pain6874]

To think this is where curiosity about antimatter has led me to

[@joshualefort6849]

Great video. Thoroughly explained!

[@sheilairbyturtlelord]

I just woke up wanting to know more about batteries. This is neat.

[@sathishp5412]

Super video sir. I like the way you teach sir. I understand the importance between battery very clearly sir. 👍👍👍👍

[@sankeerthnalam512]

Editing is awesome...Good Work!

[@binzwins4451]

This is awsome.Thank u for sharing this knowledge. God bless you ma man ! 😊

[@fakrulislam5404]

thank you very much. the videos are so helpful for me.

[@MohammedAli-nu3by]

I cant thank u enough, this was really really helpful and well explained thanks a looooooooot.

[@tahniasegovia7834]

This is an awesome channel for school it’s easy to understand and tells us a lot I think everyone should like this video and follow too!

[@bujjikavuri8795]

Nice illustrations 😊 Thank you

[@RonJohn63]

I finally learned *why* voltage stays the same when sources are placed in parallel. Thanks!!

[@ssgoh4968]

Very informative and enjoyable video. Thank you.

[@vinaykandari9910]

Best video I have ever seen in my life ❤

[@shuchibarui2200]

This video is really nice. It's so easy to understand. Thank u.

[@zakariharuna4650]

I just love this video. It finally resolved my confusion 👍

[@valramsingh8360]

look forward to your tutorial on Sodium ion Batteries

[@samitsikdar498]

Thanks for this video it cleared a lot of doubts 🙏

[@nasrinzhakfar2040]

Thank you so much. You made it so easy for me to undrestand. Thank you a lot sir.

[@ravinduh.5162]

Can you please make a video on solar panels? Your explanations are very easy to understand!

[@EngineeringMindset]

Seen our new video on HOW SOLAR PANELS WORK in detail kzbin.info/www/bejne/j6nXaGWXec95nbs

[@StrangerHappened]

*A GREAT video, as always,* but why the chemistry part of the explanation was not about alkaline batteries?

[@movaitationyt2240]

This video has helped me pass my exams really appreciate it engineer mindset a big up😱😱😱😱😱😱

[@aneeshv982]

we are able to learn a lot from this this is amazing than the expalnation of our teachers thanks for the chanel and congrats for 1.22M subcribers

[@jackp492]

The how electricity but works is a nice analogy for life, Put work in front of them to generate light before they return to the source

[@nimaybolar]

Awesome vid! Thank you

[@AlfaWolfGaming]

This is so helpful guys making me really understand work I do for living.

[@thenakulshow3405]

very good explanation

[@sWooSH_wHooSH]

I feel big brain after suscribing this channel

[@EngineeringMindset]

Great to hear

[@desmondhow343]

I appreciate your work so much

[@Ryan-lk4pu]

Brilliant video. Not sure if this is a daft question but what stops the chemical reaction taking place all at once or continually occuring while it's not in a circuit? Is it to do with "saturation" of electrons around the brass pin?

[@mannygotdabeat]

I wish school would teach us how things around us work not just memorization 🤧🙄