Greco-Turkish War - Treaty of Sèvres I THE GREAT WAR 1920

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While the Greco-Turkish War was still raging, the last of the peace treaties between the Allies and the Central Powers was finalized in Paris. But the Turkish Nationalist Movement under Mustafa Kemal would not accept the terms of the Treaty of Sèvres - even though the Ottoman government had signed it.
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» SOURCES
Halide Edib Adivar, The Turkish Ordeal: Being the Further Memoirs of Halidé Edib, (Piscataway : Gorgias Press, 2012)
John Darwin, Britain, Egypt and the Middle East, (London : Macmillan Press, 1981)
M.L. Dockrill and J. D. Goold. Peace Without Promise: Britain and the Peace Conferences, 1919-1923 (Connecticut : Hamden, 1981)
T G Fraser, Andrew Mango and Robert McNamara, The Makers of the Modern Middle East, (London : Gingko Library, 2015)
Phillip S Jowett, “Armies of the Greek-Turkish War: 1919-122” Men at Arms, no 501, (2015)
Michael Llewellyn Smith, Ionian Vision: Greece in Asia Minor 1919-1922, (London : Allen Lane, 1973)
Margaret Macmillan, Paris 1919: Six Months That Changed the World, (London : Macmillan,
2019)
A.E. Montgomery, “The Making of the Treaty of Sevres of 10 August 1920” The Historical Journal Vol. 15, No. 4 (December, 1972)
New York Times, “Turk Nationalists Capture Beicos” (July 6, 1920) timesmachine.nytimes.com/time...
George Riddell, Lord Riddell’s Intimate Diary of the Peace Conference and After: 1918-1923, (London : Victor Gollancz Ltd, 1933)
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16 DAYS IN BERLIN: realtimehistory.net/pages/16-...
»CREDITS
Presented by: Jesse Alexander
Written by: Jesse Alexander
Director: Toni Steller & Florian Wittig
Director of Photography: Toni Steller
Sound: Toni Steller
Editing: Toni Steller
Motion Design: Philipp Appelt
Mixing, Mastering & Sound Design: above-zero.com
Maps: Daniel Kogosov ( / zalezsky )
Research by: Jesse Alexander
Fact checking: Florian Wittig
Channel Design: Yves Thimian
Contains licensed material by getty images
All rights reserved - Real Time History GmbH 2020

[@ahmetben8812]

""(...) but the Treaty of Sevres would soon proof to be as fragile as the porcelain displayed around it." best description of the Treaty of Sevres ever...

[@JJ-zg7ug]

Well when you try to enslave tens of millions of people against their will, that is gonna happen.

[@ChillyBenpa]

JJ wtf are you going on about?

[@deliriumbee4678]

@Min Tin try to brake it then chicken 😂

[@alperenerol1852]

The timing of this video couldn't have been better, whether intentional or not.

[@titanuranus3095]

What happen?

[@kadudeduder5103]

@@titanuranus3095 tensions rise between Turkey and Greece in th Aegean. Two frigates have rammed eachother or something

[@panzerofthelake506]

@@kadudeduder5103 heheheh

[@dusunengamer8990]

Evet tesadüf ten fazlası bence

[@onuralpcakr305]

@@dusunengamer8990 Sevres'in tarihini düşünmüşler 10 Ağustos. Gündemdeki olaylara denk gelmesi tesadüf.

[@handsomegeorgianbankrobber3779]

If the Treaty of Versailles felt like a slap to the face to the German people then the Treaty of Sevres must have felt like extensive torture to the Turks. If they had accepted this treaty it would have been nothing short of complete humiliation with losing all this territory and being reduced to a rump state.

[@elmersbalm5219]

@Nick Nack we're seeing this repeated endlessly since. Look at Yugoslavia. Russia would have ended up the same. First turn it into the 'Sick man of Europe', impoverish the population further, extract as much wealth as possible, deny taxes to the state, social fabric collapses further and then come in for the final blow: a 'peace treaty'.

[@elmersbalm5219]

@Nick Nack not really. The Soviet Union maybe but the Russian Empire survived in much the same long standing borders. The USSR would be the equivalent of the Ottoman vilayets outside Anatolia. That breakup pretty much happened before Sevres. The plan to breakup Russia was still in the foreign ministries of western powers. I'm ashamed at how naive I was when seeing the events unfold back then. I still remember, over a decade ago, when the US and British media echo chamber whipping up a manufactured secession attempt in Siberia for a week. It fizzled hilariously and was buried ignominiously as a non historical flop. They must be trying the same in the far east after the arrest of the governor on murder charges. The imperial manual is pretty much well developed at this point. Should history mention geopolitics? or does it become a dangerous foray in politics and opinion at that point? It's so repetitive that it begs the question.

[@JJ-zg7ug]

Yep as an albanian I say they did the right thing not accepting this humiliation. We albanians accepted the shameful treaty of london and because of that 2.2 million out of 5 million albanians live outside albania‘s borders to this very day. Well done turkey 🇹🇷.

[@Pavlos_Charalambous]

Basically was the excuse for Britain and France to carve up their spheres for influence at middle east while Greece and Italy was fighting for control over Eastern Mediterranean..

[@turanmert711]

@Nick Nack lmao because the Europeans really knew how to draw borders for foreign countries, didn't they?

[@jessealexander2695]

This was supposed to be the last of the big peace treaties to end the Great War - but we'll have the challenge of another treaty episode in a few years from now!

[@sercan31]

Is it a spoiler to Treaty of Lausanne?

[@The_13th_Hussar]

Anglo-Irish treaty 1921?

[@neoyat-sen9183]

Don't forget the Russian Civil War

[@asshole4good]

Im pretty sure it was the 1923 treaty that declared the creation,recognition & independence of the turkish republic,aka modern day turkey

[@jessealexander2695]

@@sercan31 :)

[@TheBerkay15]

Central Anatolian desert? Central Anatolian steppe, that is. C. Anatolia is the literal definition of a steppe. It's not sand dunes, it is plains covered in snow for winter months, grasslands in spring months and dry semi-fertile flatlands in summer months

[@bentx8568]

​@@secretname4190 desert: a waterless, desolate area of land with little or no vegetation anatolian steppe is not the most fertile place, but by no means it does not produce any food or anything, it is *not* a desert

[@KoooomA]

@@bentx8568 you may want to wait 5-10 years till it turns into a complete desert

[@sibelshinaishin5170]

@@KoooomA speakıng as an expert ın Klimate change i assume.

[@felixhoffmann2502]

Can we stop a moment and appreciate the new Design? It looks very modern and clean. Great work. Cant wait to see the new studio.

[@jessealexander2695]

Thanks!

[@aaronwalters1569]

It looks like a green screen image

[@flammenengel2002]

I am not a historian, but I have read a slightly different story in various sources. The Ottoman Empire wanted an alliance with England. Most of the Turkish leadership wanted a pact with England. But despite some efforts, there was no acceptance from the British. The German Reich then took advantage of this situation and handed the two warships over to the Ottomans. The Ottomans were so important to the German Empire because there was a plan to declare a holy war between the Muslims and the British. Since the Ottoman ruler, as the caliph, was also the head of the Muslims, it was of course important to pull him over to the German side. In the Ottoman leadership, only a minority around Enver Pascha was in favor of an alliance with the German Empire. As I said, the majority of the Ottoman leadership was in favor of an alliance with the British. But the British did not answer the Ottoman efforts and played for time. To the best of my knowledge, it was a British plan to get their hands on the area of ​​the Ottoman Empire in the Middle East. Hence the wait and see tactic. Which only aimed to be able to take action against the Ottoman Empire at the right time.

[@huseyinerkan4527]

TRUE

[@asdadadsaasd]

Also Kaisar didint want to Ottomans in his side but He convinced by pro Turk germans

[@extrahistory8956]

Timestamps 1:17 Recap from Previous Ep 3:10 Troubled Peace/ Colliding Allied Interests 9:12 Formal Occupation of Constantinople/ The Treaty of Serves 10:28 Plans Against Kemal 12:16 The Armies: The Greek Forces/ The Turkish Forces 15:46 The Greek Summer Offensive of 1920 19:40 Overview of the Summer Offence 21:28 Kemal Secures Turkey’s Eastern Borders/ The End of Armenia 23:00 The Unsure Future of Venizelos’ Greater Greece 24:10 The Failure of Sevres/ Kemal’s New Hope 25:31 Curiosity Stream/ 16 Days in Berlin 26:40 Outro and Credits

[@rogelioalonzo2911]

@bulltraxs Constantine founded the city not Istan. It is Constantinople

[@thebirdmapper357]

18:50 Jesse, amazing video and great new design but I'm sure that Turkey has no deserts. Kind regards.

[@baturgunl504]

no deserts like when you pick it up it dont disintegrate to individual sand pieces. But man its horrifically arid,

[@Ultiminati]

I don't know the English name for it but yeah, it was basically flat land without plants, not a desert

[@SaraWilsonBasturk]

I’m wondering if the definition of desert has shifted. The Great Plains of North America used to be described as the “Great American Desert” despite being steppe-like grassland. Maybe the Anatolian steppe is called a desert in older sources.

[@kmmmsyr9883]

@@SaraWilsonBasturk No it's not. It's always called "bozkır" in Turkish, which means steppe. The only places close to a desert are Konya Plain and the Syrian border.

[@orkunshidpostcenl9976]

​@@baturgunl504 about 400 mm annualy , still semi arid though. And I think there is nowhere in there with less than 300 mm rain per year. köppen geiger map says climate is BSk and BSh with is hot and cold steppe.It's only dry in summers . For the farmland issue , look up Konya plain for example , located in central Anatolia . You can farm there no problem .And today interior Anatolia supports population of 13 million

[@kalepox1035]

Fun fact : Armenia was the first country to recognise Republic of Turkey with the “gumru agreement”

[@vehbisabanc7843]

Not republic of turkey. Just turkish asamble in ankara. Afghanistan which country recognise republic of turkey.

[@alejandrod.dorumian4432]

Los herederos del imperio otomano fueron los primeros en reconocer Armenia Occidental a través del tratado de Sevres, acatando el veredicto inapelable del presidente Wilson. El tratado de Lausanne no invalidó el de Sevres porque Armenia no fue parte de las discusiones ni suscribió, ni tampoco los que firmaron el primer tratado fueron los mismos que firmaron el segundo. Para que un tratado invalide otro, de común acuerdo todos los países deben volver a reunirse especialmente para suscribir su derogación.

[@mrhaci7747]

Wasnt it afghanistan. I think Armenia recognized "The Government of Ankara" not Turkish Republic

[@mrhaci7747]

@@alejandrod.dorumian4432 what do you think will happen in the new conference? Do you think Turkey or the other side are going to agree on giving land to the other side? I dont think so

[@izci1244]

I was reading diary of m kemal ataturk. An anecdote: year1933.There is a cocktail in istanbul celebrating 10 th year republic. British ambassador looking to ataturk fiercely. Ataturk sended his servant officer to learn if sth wrong with ambassador.The servant returns he:"ecellency,the ambassadors father was injured at Gallipoli war and returned to u.k. in serious mental situation as veteran.thats why he wad looking fiercely" ataturk said servant :" Then go and ask , what was his father doing at Gallipoli?" After servant asked question , ambassador left the saloon...

[@cagataytezcan1998]

Truvaaaaaaaaaa tarih tekerrür eder.Coğrafyanın kaderi

[@albertofrankdiaz6664]

Kemal: we are going to war for our country adviser: but we would fight Greece, Italia, France and England Kemal: so its a fair fight. (i know there was little fight against the last 3, but they have several thousends of soldiers in turkish territory anyway)

[@lordsgate7774]

Italy never had clash but England had major naval forces in boshphorus and aegea. France had approx 25% of the anatolia and had thousands of soldiers. So your comment is a true fact

[@gabrielbatistuta6326]

He did challenge all of them at once. He declared a national oath, with modern Turkish borders as unnegotiatable motherland. It's not really his problem if the imperialist did not/ could not fight him. Victory was secured against the allieds and their puppets all the same.

[@emreustun2988]

​@@gabrielbatistuta6326 Yeah it was huge diplomatic victory for Kemal. They don't call him genius for nothing. Most of them even say Canada's diplomatic independence movement against UK begin in the end of the Turkish War of Independence. (Look at the *Chanak Affair* for more information.)

[@georgios_5342]

Well that was only in name. Italy didn't fight them at all and France actually supported them. So did the USSR as well.

[@georgios_5342]

@Min Tin Also you forgot India, Zanzibar, the Congo, Australia Palau and the aliens, all together.

[@GulaschMasterP]

Really like the new format, very well done! Cheers for the great video

[@orkunberkb1850]

-Bukharan Peoples Republic sent golds and *Sword of Tamerlane* to Turkey from old Khans treasury They demanded first Turkish military officer who walk in Izmir in retake parade should be carry that sword. Sword of Tamerlane carried by Captain Kemalettin in retake ceramony of Izmir. After the the parade, Sword given to museum but stolen from there and nobody knows where is it now. Also Soviets siezed Bukharan gold ait to Turkey and pay us that support as mossin-nagant rifles and ammo. -Turkish retreat in 1920 is considered "first succesfull tactical retreat in Turkish military history". Some interntions like in 1913 ended as a failure with huge disorganization due to retreating battalions couldnt menage it succesfully and many soldiers started to run with fear. -Turkish army had only 4 planes, 1 of them was from Italian army, İtalians lefted behind it and many other supplies when retreating some parts of Anatolia without a fight. -When i saw anything about Turkish War of Indepence and treatry of serves, I always remember *Hungarian* suttrugle against *Triannon.* I wish they won their suttrugle against an unfair "peace" treatry too. *Mindannyian Attila Unokai Vakyung*

[@tee_es_bee]

Love the updated graphics package! Great work, keep it up.

[@theshoot961]

Really spot on documentary. Beautifully made and expressively brilliant. Thank you Great War historians.

[@brokenbridge6316]

I would love to see more on the Greco-Turkish War. From start till the end. Because i find that war really interesting. Great job.

[@TheGreatWar]

we will continue to cover it

[@obi-wankenobi6652]

Live

[@golkas9971]

Check " Salvation and Catastrophe" Konstantinos Travlos's YT channel. He's a Greek proffessor teaching history in a Constantinople's university. He's really interesting!

[@brokenbridge6316]

@@golkas9971---I will if I can. Thanks.

[@nerokota]

The largest battles happened in the next two years of the war.

[@MadMogsy]

Well this comment section has already degenerated to the point where we could call it the 2nd Greco Turkish war... Here's hoping for an armistice?

[@TheExsi]

Then who will defend the world from the scourge of the planet ?

[@niall5821]

The YT star is singing so we are moshing

[@Berisha]

@Min Tin You capitalize all the countries except TURKEY. You have a clear bias.

[@45641560456405640563]

That was, alas, predictable. ☹

[@Feffdc]

@Min Tin Not when turkish economy relies on them

[@jbbyebye]

I'm working my way oldest to newest videos. Still in May 1915, but really looking forward to the post 1918 content, definitley interesting topics not often discussed. Thank you for the videos!

[@kurtschuster8078]

Thank you for putting it in to a understandable narrative ,it has all way's been a hard one for me to get my head around .

[@jessealexander2695]

Thanks!

[@jurtra9090]

prepare for another civilized conversation between Turkish and Greek keyboard warriors

[@Rorynes]

:)))

[@philpapadopoulos9250]

Best comment haha

[@kayzerirome5688]

Keyboard forces

[@ilkersedat2158]

Yes.hahaha

[@Rorynes]

@@ilkersedat2158 KZbin comment commandos and Facebook brigades are in trenches:)

[@heinrichkressenstein7356]

The Soldiers saluting kemal pasha with german stahlhelm represents german influence in turkish army

[@TheGreatWar]

Some Ottoman troops fought on the Romanian front and there was a German mission to the Middle East to help the Ottomans with military training and equipment. I think these Ottoman soldiers were in the Yildrim Army Group if memory serves me right.

[@heinrichkressenstein7356]

Yes you are right mustafa kemals battle hardened 19th divison was sent to galicia on the other hand mustafa kemals lightning army included many german officers and german divisons,later these experiences used against greece like sturmtrupp tactics also turkish and german militaries have been sharing same idea of battle called a tactic dependend on speed and lightning manuevers.

[@heinrichkressenstein7356]

@Omar 11112 sorry im late galicia called a region in eastern europe but galicia is city or oblast whatever you called it in spain

[@alperenerol1852]

Kemal Pasha had been to Germany on more than one occasion and he was part of the Young Turks before 1913 and all the events that followed.

[@orkunberkb1850]

Ottoman Chief of General Staff was a German officer (Otto Liman von Sanders), all Ottoman military was under direct contraol of Germans. So saluting their commander like a german is very natural.

[@theodorevogiatzis874]

Flo, Jesse and the whole team did as always a fantastic job. I've been watching the channel since 2015 and the graphics have improved so much

[@jessealexander2695]

Thanks!

[@emir7426]

Eva Green: Only The Gods can defeat The Greeks. Mustafa Kemal Atatürk: Hold my Rakı.

[@memskara220]

Do you mean the gods of Sumer which was plagiarized by the Greeks, dumb idiot

[@emir7426]

@@memskara220 it is well known joke about The Greeks. If u dont have sense of humor, its not my foolishness, its yours.

[@filler8086]

@@memskara220 calm down bro

[@memskara220]

Hakan Emmanuel very calm just pissed off our politicians haven’t given the go ahead and attack the Greeks,

[@ofoufoutos7110]

@@memskara220 ahh i see you are a young turk , which lives in a bubble , well i wish you , to be in the army in 2-3 years , you are gonna become a shadow , literally

[@Airman1121]

I always look forward to seeing a new video from the Great War channel.

[@ByMustafa6128]

Unless a nation’s life faces peril, war is murder. - Mustafa Kemal Paşa

[@cagataytezcan1998]

Oil? Yapma paşaaaa

[@cezarstefanseghjucan]

The historical aggressor of the Middle East facing peril? I like how your Kemal spins words around.

[@BrianGaming365]

@@cezarstefanseghjucan why

[@ausar3852]

@@cezarstefanseghjucan seeing turkey as agressors while it was tried to be broken to million pieces? blind deaf and dumb that much eh mate? lol

[@SC-te2kf]

@@cezarstefanseghjucan Hahaha! I've never seen such a half-wit before! Thank you dude!

[@RedHatClub]

The new video format is lovely, continue with the great work guys.✿

[@user-wo2hd1mf7k]

Turkey 1920: Mustaches Turkey 2020: Million Mustaches

[@emreduygun]

better than manzilian !

[@EkaterinaIHeris]

Turkey TBD: RIP💀

[@mahiraltnalev8583]

Kendi tarihimizi yabancı kanallardan bu kadar detaylı bir şekilde izlemek harika böyle videoların devamı gelsin

[@omeryilmaz7716]

İstanbul a constantinapol, Atatürk e Kemal diyen, Ermeni soykırımını kabul eden bir belgesel tarihi bir belge değil batının kuyruk acısıdır.

[@mahiraltnalev8583]

@@omeryilmaz7716 Knk yapacak bir şey yok kendi devlet başkanımız ATATÜRKÜ sansürlüyo ve bahsetmiyo bunlar tâbi bahsetmez

[@happyfallen6434]

@@mahiraltnalev8583 Ottomans and Atatürk were genocidal maniacs!

[@hacibaci7770]

@@mahiraltnalev8583 dostum aksi olmaya gerek yok ben lisede tarih ve inklap derslerinde bu konuları yalayıp yuttum ekstra youtube da tarih video su çeken nerdeyse yüze e yakın kanal var ister biraz eğlendirici ister ciddi tarih video ceken birsürü kanal var ama itinayla yabancı kanallardan öğreniyosn sorun sende. Bu video yu izlememin sebebi konuya 2 tarafın gözünden bakmakdı ama barış gücü dediğinde izlemeyi bıraktım 😄

[@ykdm-by4cm]

@@happyfallen6434 those are lies but even if they were real all i will say is that gonna cry?

[@johnh6065]

The algorithm must be appeased. Comment! Also great job guy on this video and on the recent podcast about the Russian Civil war. Any plans for new merch in the future?

[@weltvonalex]

As always .... great work, you guys rock.

[@JasonSputnik]

After many years of great contents, I felt that it was time to finally contribute myself: I did it, I subscribed to Curiosity Stream (and therefore Nebula). Hope it will help a tiny bit guys! And now... let me watch your "16 days in Berlin", I've been craving watching it since it was announced!

[@jessealexander2695]

Thanks!

[@aazizgoksel]

The treaty of Sevres was the ultimate death sentence to my nation tried to be imposed by imperialism. I am thankful to ATATURK and to my forefathers who bared the tremendous sacrifice made by their generation in those most desperate times of our history . Even after a 100 years ,witnessing the current situation in the Eastern Medditerreanian it is very clear to us Turks that ,nothing has changed in the minds of Imperialists ,we have to be clever, hard working and walk under the light of science that Ataturk has shown us for to protect our independence and soverignity .

[@umitcsk2958]

@Black Gold dude there was no Israel back then 🤣

[@umitcsk2958]

@Black Gold do you know that while Turkish people fighting for their lives Ottoman sultan having a wedding with 17 yo girl? In these days..

[@erolyldz6599]

@Black Gold if they are at the same age and they can't marry.

[@ephilippos]

I agree with you....the role of the Western great powers of the time was despicable..but in these days respect the 1923 Treaty of Lausanne which solidified and expanded Turkey's area at the time and do not try today to annul it with your current president's behavior, by trying to extend and taking other people's areas.

[@BJKFanMKD]

@Black Gold So?

[@awolpeace1781]

Sometimes the pen fails to gain acceptance, making the sword mightier.

[@-Shadow__Rider-]

If only one side uses pen nobody would accept that especially if the pen is sharp.

[@kordoni4826]

Thank you for the great episode

[@_Patronus_]

New design looks great overall! But man I do miss the old desk and chair a little bit...

[@daMacadamBlob]

Amazing timing

[@rabihrac]

One of the best offs in my opinion in content and form. I like your style very much Jesse, and congratulations Florian and crew on the new format, it rocks! Cheers!

[@jessealexander2695]

Thanks!

[@emrage]

Such a complicated time in history and I'm so fortunate to be able to watch and understand Turkish and English commentaries on the topic. Every time I watch a foreign source I find out things weren't as black and white as it seemed back then. Thanks

[@sibelshinaishin5170]

What Part of it was not clear? Please tell us what was revealed that we did not know before? All that was stated here was exactly what as a high school student I learned in my history classes in Turkey fifty some years ago.

[@19hellomb07]

This is really nice and interesting, i wish you best at your channel!

[@vondorylaeum4784]

I hope you don't forget to mention the Greek atrocities done to Turkish civillians in their retreat after the Summer Offensive.

[@user-st7gu7yy9n]

Κάποιοι στρατιώτες επαναστάτησαν εναντίον των αξιωματικών τους με την απειλή των όπλων τους κατέβαζαν από τα άλογα τους τα έπαιρναν και έφευγαν αυτοί έκαναν κάποια εγκλήματα δυστυχως

[@jokejoker4752]

It’s not Greece vs turkey war but it’s western vs turkey

[@isiiis9552]

@Ο άλλος Καλός or maybe greece and britain vs turkey italy ussr and the double agent that was france

[@azmolhossain9244]

It was judeo-christians against muslims.

[@stevehall9333]

Once again a fantastic historical video

[@zaferdogan4078]

This platform presents very objective approach to this issue. Thank you....

[@tlalaf]

Turks are in an advantageous position because Italians, French and British did not support Greeks? Such an advantage

[@burakhan9694]

Actually they did,mostly brits did

[@georgios_5342]

No, they are there because USSR and France helped them, while UK and Italy just stood idly.

[@sinansinangil3721]

British didnt support greeks? After greek defeat They said our east politic collapse !

[@muysli.y1855]

even russian help greeks in the ottoman time for Independence

[@hokkigamer5170]

killerlightning - how did France help Turkey?

[@bensherwood1608]

Outstanding video guys! Your content keeps getting better and better. I feel very blessed to still have access to objective history, free of political bias

[@jessealexander2695]

Thanks!

[@bbninc287]

Great video and series

[@herypineda255]

These guys are great. Their videos are nor only amazing, but profesional and entertaining. Do you guys know how difficult is to achieve that?

[@bendix8736]

The new design looks awesome. Great job!

[@Caizara29]

Definitely i would love reading about the turkish-greek war and about Kemal . It is a war i interested in reading about . Thanks for the video .

[@golkas9971]

Search for " Salvation and Catastrophe" series.

[@dickenstham5075]

Or search for Kraut's Turkish Centuries video series

[@giorgosx5838]

@Min Tin It has been done before when it was an empire. What makes you think it can't be beat?

[@johnroche7541]

There is a fantastic Turkish TV series called "Kurtulus" from the 1990's which has great battle scenes. The Turkish army provided the extras. Sadly it is not subtitled. You can see clips on You Tube.

[@kmmmsyr9883]

If you want to read, there is Kemal Atatürk's "Speech" or "Nutuk" in Turkish which is a speech he gave in the parliament after the war and published as a book later. He tells many things about the war.

[@avian12311]

This might sound a bit weird but I really like the background set behind Jesse!

[@Arhiroukounas]

most of the anti-Venizelist camp was against millitary intervention in Minor Asia,since there were no real guarantees of Allied support and the greek population was concetrated in the-tottaly undefendable-coastline.The most prominant opponent was Ioannis Metaxas,later dictator from 1936 until his death in 1941.But Venizeols was a natural gambler so he followed his plan anyway.He lost the elections on 1920 and his succesors were stuck in that swamp with zero Allied support,except the verbal support fron Loydd George,until 1922

[@Pavlos_Charalambous]

Although I mostly agree with you we must also point out that the loyalists faction after venizelos lost that said elections failed to find international support or an diplomatic solution with the Turkish nationalist, failed to address military problems like the problematic supply lines And their interventions to the army's command, basically replacing veteran venizelist commanders with lesser capable ones, even with mental cases like Chatsianestis lead to the devastation of the Greek and Christian population in general at Anatolia Also note that metaxas in some point had proposed to entrench roughly the perimeter of Smyrna vialet and evacuate the population of the rural areas dimming them undefendeble but eventually the Greek command made the decision to defend a much wider front while chatzianestis was issuing orders from Smyrna having almost no clue what was happening in the front lines Even after his trial still didn't had a clue what about went wrong..

[@golkas9971]

The anti-venizelists were indeed against the campaign but when they won the elections of 1920 they rode the army even further into the anatolian heartland. Also during 1921 they refused every "allied" proposition for a compromise.

[@lordharry423]

@@golkas9971 Got greedy and fucked up. Should have just kept Smyrna and that would be it.

[@Pavlos_Charalambous]

@@lordharry423 your grasp of historical events is as poor as your language Honestly trolls like you don't deserve an proper answer since you didn't done you homework in the first place But allow me to split some knowledge in your historically ignorant face When Greece received the administration of Smyrna the Greek authorities was harassed in day basis by Turkish irregulars Also known as " tsetes" ( tseta - unlawful combatant in southern Slavic) Tsetes was also raiding the rural areas around Smyrna and between towns under the Greek administrative control By 1921 the Greek army command made the decision to cut the irregulars of their supposed supply lines That led them to move towards eski sachir where those supply lines was supposally coming from After the capture of that point it became apparent that 1) the attacks won't stop regardless of the territory captured 2) the Turkish nationalists are the de facto government of turkey and they are the ones that diplomatically should be addressed 3) the Turkish nationalists won't accept any peace talks unless they are forced to There for the Greek command made the even more questionable decision than the last one, to continue advancing towards saragios river and Angyra That led to overstretch the supply lines and failure of the operation ( together with the fact that the royalist appear brass that had replaced the venizelist was showing signs of defeatist mentality)

[@Pavlos_Charalambous]

@@lordharry423 also since you like to refer to your self as a royalty you should know that prince Andrew grant daddy of Charles was smudged out of Greece in 1922 by the royal navy in a cardboard box to avoid execution for his actions during the greco Turkish war that gave him the nick name " καψοκαληβας" the little huts arsonist

[@anger2819]

“Peace at Home, Peace in the World” Mustafa Kemal Atatürk

[@georgios_5342]

13:05 small correction. Μαύρη μοίρα (mávri míra) in Greek can either mean "Black fate" or "Black division" and since it's an army group I'm guessing it's the latter.

[@azh698]

You could see it as a double meaning. The "Black Division" and the "black fate" that awaited their opponents.

[@georgios_5342]

@@azh698 yes exactly that. In fact, the word for fate and division is the same because it is an old word for "part". A division is a part of the army. Fate is what everyone gets in the end, his "part" of destiny.

[@azh698]

@@georgios_5342 Indeed. From the same root comes the verb "Μοιράζω" and in ancient mythology the Fates were called "Μοίρες" because they allocated to everyone their share of Destiny.

[@georgios_5342]

@@azh698 Α χαχα ξέρεις ελληνικά; Εγώ βασικά θα έλεγα ότι είναι και πιο απλό. Η λέξη μοίρα βγαίνει με ετερίωση (το έψιλον γίνεται όμικρον, όπως βρέχω-βροχή) από τη λέξη μέρος. Το μοιράζω προέρχεται από τη λέξη μοίρα. Βασικά όλα τα ρήματα σε -άζω, -ίζω προέρχονται από ουσιαστικά ή επίθετα.

[@azh698]

@@georgios_5342 Για κοίτα! Έπρεπε να το περιμένω ότι θα βρω και άλλους Έλληνες εδώ πέρα!

[@worldexplorer8226]

Thanks Jesse. Very important.

[@JasonFilippou]

Thank you for the video. Would love to have a follow up!

[@noahgibsonspeninsularwarsa1134]

I like the new look.

[@thomass7485]

I had a very clear expectation of what kind of comments this video would have, and my expectations proved accurate. The consequences of this conflict 100 years ago are still echoing to present day. The seeds of enmity that were sown have endured with great health to our present time, a century later.

[@ericfrehlich8800]

Love this show!

[@the1ghost764]

Very Informative.

[@alperyank8316]

Mustafa Kemal has quote that i like.He said in 1920 "Venizelos lost the war already in his mind".True.

[@Chorophilax]

Venizelos wasn't even primeminister when the asian minor campaign started, if he was in charge the greeks wouldn't advance into anatolia. Even the war could had never happened.

[@Pavlos_Charalambous]

Hmm well technically speaking it was the royalist that messed up things not the venizelist.. 😏

[@Pavlos_Charalambous]

@Min Tin king Constantine not venizelos Check your sources

[@alperyank8316]

Παυλος Χαραλαμπους Well that must be relaxing for you.

[@Pavlos_Charalambous]

@@alperyank8316 it's just facts, no reason to be emotional with, or draw parallels or whatever. At the end of the day we are supposed to have the facts straight when we are studying history 😏

[@turanmert711]

I can already see where this comment section is going

[@zarlev9083]

I don't... there are literally few comments from turks and greeks and they are mostly collected and normal. but there are hundreds of you and people like you are starting to get annoying

[@Selandr]

I am a 1000 comment! Great series guys, love your work

[@romelnegut2005]

You gained a new subscriber.

[@apostolispouliakis7401]

Nice timing you got there

[@remenir97]

Omar 11112 Turkish battle ships are WAY to close into Greek sea territory.

[@apostolispouliakis7401]

@Omar 11112 We are currently having skirmishes in the Aegean over EEZ

[@remenir97]

Omar 11112 look it up on the news, turks and Greeks clash over gas in sea

[@TheExsi]

@Omar 11112 yes Greece has been defending humanity for a long time now

[@remenir97]

Gaius Marius bro no need for that, comment section triggered Turks do not represent majority of Turks, I am a Turk and I don’t like Nationalists.

[@Chorophilax]

You know you started a war when each comment has 40 replies

[@yumani_]

We call it online drama

[@ub1160]

Keyboard forces :D

[@BB-xn6ei]

Hello man! Came in peace. I just saw this comment only had three replies so i came for the help to filling 40 reply quota. Come on guys really?! Just 3 reply? We can do better than that. Now throw a few insults to me I will turn back in a few days.

[@CaptainHarlock-kv4zt]

The situation is critical. The Turks with the XIV Keyboard Division, supported by their 42nd Keyboard artillery regiment attacked the Greek lines. We Greeks, with the 36th Keyboard regiment alongside the 5th company of the National Keyboard Guard, we're holding the line!!

[@ernesttravers7517]

Excellent video Excellent commentary

[@IstanBoy]

While greek army was retreating from Anatolia, they slaughtered thousands of innocent Turkish villagers. It was very sad for Turkish people and still remembered.

[@Captain_Carrot]

"He had survived the summer offensive and was now gathering his forces to strike back ... the following year" It's 1916 all over again.

[@tuberklz]

Here we are arguing about a war took place 100 years ago. Here we are foolish enough not to see the lost potential back then. We Greeks and Turks resemble so much the other that even this similarities make us enraged. Two broke countries agreed upon only one thing, destruction. Why do you need France, EU or USA when partnering with your neighbour is free and just? What do we, children of comfort, know of war? I cannot imagine myself hurting someone. Choosing life is honorable. Choosing to help make peace is honorable. If only we could spend our hard earned capital for welfare and future of our people instead of weapons. Take all the help if you want, we are not afraid tiny bit. Knowing that we are for the just cause, amidst a needless war that we will be forced again to face on, we ARE powerful enough to face on. We are just sad.

[@silvamilion3685]

Your comment is true and Heartbreaking humans sometimes have strong urges to destroy one other its just a matter of excuse As the Ancient Chinese saying goes "Where there's Humans There's conflict ". Or "When there's humans there is always conflict"

[@tttt9131]

Bu kadar edebiyat kasma. Onlar düşmanımız, bunu kafana yaz ve ona göre hareket et. Balkanlar’da Kosova, Bosna ve Arnavutluk’tan başka dostumuz yok. He Macaristan var bir de Türk Keneşi’ne gözlemci olarak katılmıştı en son.

[@tuberklz]

@@tttt9131 halklar birbirine düşman değildir. sürdürülebilir olmayan kötü yönetim, güvenlikçi politikalar ve kin ile sorgulamayan halk kesimlerini güdüler. uluslararası ilişkiler dost ve düşman kavramlarının çok ötesinde grinin tonlarına sahip. öte yandan, bana neye göre hareket etmem gerektiğini söyleyecek cesareti nereden buldun kardeşim? hangi yetkinlikle bu saptamalarda bulundun? kahramanlık duygunu isimsiz bir hesaptan nefret mesajları kusarken mi gösterebiliyorsun?

[@tttt9131]

@@tuberklz kahramanlık duygusu değil bu. Gerçekçilik. Yazdığın şeyler Batı dünyası için doğru ama ; Orta Doğu ve Balkanlar için bireylerin devletlerin reflekslerini sahiplenmesi kadar doğal bir şey yok. Yunanlılar’dan kaçı sence bu kadar uzun bir mesajla iki milletin yakınlaşması gerektiğini savunur? Buna karşın bizimkilerden gelen bu şekilde bir sürü yorum var. Kime hakaret yağdırdım bu arada? Balkanlar’daki milletler düşmanımız değil mi? Bulgaristan’da yapılanları moritanyalılar mı yaptı? :D

[@tuberklz]

@@tttt9131 bireysel olarak dost ve düşman ülkeler şeklinde bir sınıflandırma yapmışsınız. bu gerçekçilik değil duygusallığın bizzat kendisi. bizler sandığınızdan çok daha fazla Batı'nın bir parçasıyız, bu ikincisi. devletin dış politikasını sahiplenmek istiyorsanız ittifak kurduğumuz devletlerin listesine bakınız. sizlerin bireysel olarak tepkili olmanız gereken size en yakın müttefikleriniz değil midir, bunu nasıl açıklarsanız? yahut da iktidarın faydacı politikalarının bir terörist grubun devletleşmesine koşar adım çanak tutmasına nasıl bir yorumunuz olabilir? edimlerimiz istesek de istemesek de bir politik realiteye hizmet eder. sizlerin bu tavrınız neye hizmet ediyor? düşünsenize barış çağrısı yapan bir adam var. altında hemen bir kindar. sınır devletlerle karşılıklı silahlanma yarışına engel olacak pozitif diyaloğun kurulması her iki ulusun da mevcut kaynaklarını daha verimli kullanmaları adına değerli değil midir? mantık basit değil mi yeterince sizler için? sizce bizlerin söz gelimi Yunan tarafından daha fazla barış söylemine sarılmamız bir eksiklik midir? balkan ülkeleri düşman devlet değildir. sizce sınırımızda konuşlu modernize edilmiş YPG güçleri için yanıtımız yeterli midir? cehalet düşmanımız benim güzel kardeşim. yoksa biz daha çok vatanlar kaybederiz.

[@Evagelopoulos862]

You are right. It was a Greek-Turkish War. The allies ,British , French , and Italian troops had a two-faced decorative role. On the contrary, the German officers and the Bolsheviks equipped and organized the Turkish army.

[@talzzz1546]

German officers were only in ww1 not in turkish war of independence

[@DoraFauszt]

Oh wow, loving the new backdrop and animations!

[@Ghost-vi8qm]

Hi Dora, your beautiful! 😍 Where are you from?

[@DoraFauszt]

@@Ghost-vi8qm thank you 😊 I am from Hungary

[@Ghost-vi8qm]

@@DoraFauszt And I am from the Netherlands. Wanna exchange emails or WhatsApp?

[@DoraFauszt]

@@Ghost-vi8qm just search for my name on FB 🙂

[@Ghost-vi8qm]

@@DoraFauszt I don't have a FB account :(

[@Game_Hero]

It's crazy how events that unfolded one hundred years ago still cause saltyness among people whose minds didn't move on as if some biggot comments filled with cheap hypocrite insults (who fail to see the attrocities commited by their own ancestors, yes keyboard warrior reading now, that counts for you as well) would change anything now or then. This just shows how they didn't even watch the video to learn a new perspective or learn encyclopedic history for the sake of learning history, but just to justify their own ideological biaises.

[@Pavlos_Charalambous]

Just check the term " AK troller" and you will get a lot of answers.. Some people are paid for those comments Because heck it's easy for populist politicians to " rally the masses" the when they have someone to blame for their own mistakes... Make the people emotional and you make them stupid and easy to be manipulated..

[@cagdas135]

@@Pavlos_Charalambous Your lack of self-awareness is incredible.

[@Pavlos_Charalambous]

@@cagdas135 that being said by a guy that chose personal insulting on a debate is a bit of stretch I mean if you don't understand what I wrote above or chose not to do so, it's your own problem not anyone's else's Ps isn't funny how I got your reaction after I mentioned the way politicians are manipulate people? You really think that your preferred poster boy is acting any different? Or that you possess in your hands the apsolute truth? Get serious and stop defending those troll farms that are a disgrace for any country

[@gangsteryengec873]

@@Pavlos_Charalambous So you really think that your poster boy is acting any different ?

[@Pavlos_Charalambous]

@@gangsteryengec873your reply, at elementary school is called "mirror" it's not something that adults should do As for my " poster boy" who told you that I have any at all? Life is to sort to waste it as a zombie servent of any politician or be hateful for reasons unrelevent to your own life just so some fithly rich people that don't care if you live or die, can make more money 💵

[@LFerdinandC]

People should stop having feelings and emotions for things that happened 100 years ago. History should be treated as a science, not as an excuses for hatred or revenge.

[@leventak911]

The historic photos and video footage are amazing…

[@gcircle]

New design looks great!

[@blackknight401]

Guys, the new graphics are swank, and the colorized footage is INCREDIBLE!

[@TheCimbrianBull]

The real question is whether or not Jesse was wearing suspenders/braces underneath his jacket?

[@crashverde1686]

One hundred years later, here we are again. War, war never changes.

[@izmiryldz6995]

Wonderful video. Congragulations !

[@endercakmakci580]

Sevres was not a peace treaty it was a death sentence

[@ganimeavc8489]

The sun is our flag; the sky is our tent 🇹🇷🇹🇷🇹🇷 Güneş bayrağımız gökyüzü çadırımızdır

[@proudtobegreek3794]

Your flag is byzantine symbol 😉

[@hokkigamer5170]

Proud to be Greek heh. Still sad how we kicked you out of turkey? Awwww I’m sorry your army was so weak

[@P_Platinum_T]

@@proudtobegreek3794 there are more than 20+ countries that have moon and star on their flags you gotta be kidding right? and also moon star sun flags, figures have been used even by sumerians. I still just can't believe what kind of a mongol you are..

[@proudtobegreek3794]

@@P_Platinum_T This symbol of your flag is from 341 from Byzantium , you are original Mongol go back to your land in Asia

[@P_Platinum_T]

@@proudtobegreek3794 you have to go to check your eyes if you see the same symbols on flags :)

[@d.c.8828]

Thank you for the content!

[@Euzuner41]

nice episode interesting battles

[@Pavlos_Charalambous]

Wow that was fast, great job guys 👍

[@TheGreatWar]

Thanks 👍

[@huseyintunc4055]

Desert in Anatolia? You did not work very well on your lesson.

[@varlk5814]

Bir bakıma bozkırda çöl gibi pek farkı yok ancak "steppe" daha doğru olurdu

[@dhdjhdjdjd2700]

Bu videodan abladigin tek sey bumu oldu amaca.. bravo

[@reymisterio1249]

@Akinci çöl olması için yağış miktarının az olması gerekirdi,İç anadolu'da yazlar sıcak ve kurak kışlar soğuk ve yağışlıdır kar yağan bir yere çöl denmesi garip olur değil mi? Zaten çöl olsaydı çöl denirdi.

[@user-st7gu7yy9n]

Εννοεί την αλμύρα ερημο

[@TheValfor13]

Την αλμυρά έρημο εννοεί

[@oldesertguy9616]

Excellent video.

[@jessealexander2695]

Thanks!

[@SuperScurly]

Amazing !!

[@TheGreatWar]

Support us and get 40% off Nebula: go.nebula.tv/the-great-war Watch 16 Days in Berlin on Nebula: nebula.tv/videos/16-days-in-berlin-01-prologue-the-beginning-of-the-end?ref=the-great-war

[@TheGreatWar]

We are really proud of our new design and hope you like it too. It's a shame we had to reupload the video because of some encoding problems. That usually is a death sentence for it. If you can please share it, so it gets the chance it deserves.

[@Pavlos_Charalambous]

@@TheGreatWar Great job guys 👍

[@Rippiper]

@@TheGreatWar Thanks for the explanation, I was confused when you guys reuploaded.

[@AlexandruCandet]

@@Rippiper what was the explanation ? 😁 I wanted to see it again and also sent it to 2 greeks to see that it was removed after...😜

[@Darwinek]

Love the new maps and graphics!

[@yuppieNL]

I wish more was told about Mar Shimun, Agha Petros and other Assyrians. Assyria and their struggle for independence is very interesting but underreported

[@karaoglan4085]

You mean their struggle for a state. Yes its a bloody war and always was.

[@TheOne-um7rp]

I'm an Assyrian, and I was very sad that not even 'one word' was mentioned of Assyrians. Khaia Atour (long live Assyria).

[@fordgalaxie7623]

Because you're not Dutch why you talking. Get lost in your homeland. NorthEurope for northeuropeans EU without problematic 🇬🇷🇲🇰🇧🇬🇨🇾🍑🥒

[@yuppieNL]

@@fordgalaxie7623 yes I am not Dutch... so what? You want me to go back to the Middle East where I face discrimination? I am more loved to hear than in my fathers homeland. There are infact more Assyrians in the town I live than my ancestors entire region at this moment and time..

[@yeeter5328]

I liked your video !

[@petercroves8562]

Great one,

[@williamdavis9562]

The odd thing is the Greeks are currently trying to make another push into the Aegean and Med sea. I'd imagine it will turn out like this turned out.

[@xnikolasbs2230]

Greeks are not trying to push anything. The disaster in Asia Minor more or less discredited expansionism forever in greece and the moderns state has neither the power nor the intention of pursuing such goals. Unlike our neighbour turkey which has been acting like their ottoman predecessors lately.

[@williamdavis9562]

@@xnikolasbs2230 Really Greece isn't pushing anything? You sure about that?

[@xnikolasbs2230]

@@williamdavis9562 Absolutely. How can you possibly believe a weak country like greece would try and fight Turkey,a semi major power?? Its not the 1920s anymore. If you believe otherwise perhaps you could provide me with a reputable source that backs your claim?

[@williamdavis9562]

@@xnikolasbs2230 Fighting is one thing, constantly poking them in the eye is another. I'd imagine Greece is under the full belief it can continue to push Turkey into a corner because it feels it has full protection being an EU member. Again, I'd imagine this isn't a wise policy for the reasons you mentioned above. Greece arming islands which it signed a treaty it would never arm is poking your neighbor in the eye. Especially when some of those islands are a stones throw from their shores. Using said islands to block a large nation out of a body of water which it has a huge coast is another case of poking your neighbor in the eye. It is these two main issues which are causing all the tension in the region. Like I said earlier, I have a feeling in the long term it's going to end up very similar to what happened in Cyprus. Turkey is going to react, western powers will condemn but do nothing, Greece gets pummeled. This looks like the most likely road Greece is walking on.

[@Zappuify]

Greeks are just a small nation with a big man ego.

[@raadsuhail6616]

Do an episode on Lausanne Treaty 1923 please

[@airepal]

I guess we will have to wait until 2023.

[@blaisedajpiji9526]

love the new look

[@tarksen5772]

Super great video

[@mikhailv67tv]

I find the wars immediately after the GW so fascinating the Greek Turkish war especially so. A brutal war of ethnic cleansing. Amazing that the British were in Constantinople at the time. I love this channel where else can I learn about the massive instability and the flu pandemic and Russian revolution and civil war. Thanks Guys

[@erjonsinani2451]

"Know that today you will all die for Turkey so forget getting back to your families". Mustafa Kemal Ataturk to soldiers in the last moments before starting the war. 🇦🇱🇹🇷🇦🇱🇹🇷

[@nicksofialakis1448]

The turks are the ones who brought the todays Albanians in to N Epirus from Azerbaijan and Tatarstan.

[@erjonsinani2451]

@@nicksofialakis1448 what a stupid comment of you. Are you saying that Turks brought Arvanites in 14th century. Balkan was invaded in 1478 or at least Albania. Gjin Bue Shpata lived during fourteen century year 1355. If Turks did not come Greece today would speak Albania. It was religion that seperated us Albanians or Arberis (name from medieval times ).

[@erjonsinani2451]

@@nicksofialakis1448 fustanella is Albanian. All your heros are Albanian Arvanites. Hahaha.

[@nicksofialakis1448]

@@erjonsinani2451 Yes everything is Albanian the Moon is Albanian are you happy now ???

[@Kenan-Z]

@@nicksofialakis1448 What you call as "Greek nation (?)" today is actually composed of forecefully Hellenized Albanians, some southern Slavs, and a touch of Gypsies, all pushed into the haphazardly created artificial imperialist puppet statelet of Greece.

[@thelonelycmdr6442]

Are you the voice actor for Kif from Futurama?

[@frukoprof]

Waiting for part 3