Thermodynamics, PV Diagrams, Internal Energy, Heat, Work, Isothermal, Adiabatic, Isobaric, Physics

This physics video tutorial explains the concept of the first law of thermodynamics. It shows you how to solve problems associated with PV diagrams, internal energy, heat, and work. It addition, it provides plenty of examples and practice problems associated with isothermal, isochoric or isovolumetric, isobaric, and adiabatic processes.
Full-Length Math & Science Videos:
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Open Vs Closed Vs Isolated System:
• Open System, Closed Sy...
First Law of Thermodynamics:
• First Law of Thermodyn...
Isobaric Process:
• Isobaric Process Therm...
Isochoric Process:
• Isochoric Process Ther...
Isothermal Process:
• Isothermal process The...
Internal Energy of an Ideal Gas:
• Internal Energy of an ...
_________________________
Adiabatic Process:
• Adiabatic Process - Wo...
PV Diagrams:
• PV Diagrams, How To Ca...
2nd Law of Thermodynamics:
• Second Law of Thermody...
Heat Engines:
• Heat Engines, Thermal ...
Converting Heat Into Electricity:
• Thermodynamics - Conve...
________________________
Carnot Cycle:
• Carnot Cycle & Heat En...
Otto Cycle:
• Otto Cycle of Internal...
Refrigerators and Heat Pumps:
• Refrigerators, Heat Pu...
Entropy:
• Entropy Change For Mel...
Heat Engines and Refrigerators Review:
• Carnot Heat Engines, E...
Physics 1 Review:
www.video-tutor.net/physics-b...
Chemistry Review:
www.video-tutor.net/chemistry...
Here is a list of topics:
1. First Law of Thermodynamics - Energy Transfer
2. Internal Energy, Heat, and Mechanical Work
3. System vs Surroundings
4. Sign Conventions for Q, Heat Absorbed vs Heat Energy Released
5. Work done on the system vs work done by the system
6. Positive Work - Gas Expansion vs Negative Work - Compression
7. Open System, Closed System and Isolated System
8. Isobaric Process - Constant Pressure
9. Work Done at Constant Pressure Formula / Equation
10. Units of Pressure - Converting atm to Pa
11. Units of Volume - m^3 and L conversion
12. Converting L and atm into Joules
13. PV Diagrams - Work Done = Area Under the Curve or Area of the Shaded Region
14. Cyclic Process, Q=W, Work is Positive for Clockwise Rotation and Negative for Counter Clockwise Direction
15. Ideal Gas Law, PV=nRT
16. Charles Law - Temperature and Volume Relationship
17. Converting Celsius to Kelvin Temperature
18. Heat Transferred During Isobaric Process Formula
19. Isochoric Process - Work Done is Zero
20. Isovolumetric Process - Constant Volume, Internal Energy, and Heat Transferred Equation
21. Thermodynamics Formula Sheet Summary
22. Molar Heat Capacity at Constant Pressure and Constant Volume
23. Monatomic Gases - He, Ne, and Ar - Helium, Neon, and Argon
24. Diatomic Gases - N2, O2, and H2
25. Cv and Cp values for ideal monatomic, diatomic and polyatomic gases
26. Gamma Ratio, Cp/Cv formula
27. Isochoric Process - Pressure and Temperature Formula
28. Combined Gas Law Equation
29. Isothermal Process - Constant Temperature
30. Work Done During an Isothermal Process - Natural Logarithms Derivation - Area under Curve
31. Boyle's Law - Pressure and Volume Relationship
32. Adiabatic Process - No Heat Transferred - Q=0
33. Adiabatic Expansion - Cooling Effect of an Ideal Gas
34. Adiabatic Compression - Increase in Temperature - No spark plugs needed in an internal combustion engine of this type
35. Work, Pressure, Volume and integration Formula, Calculus - Isothermal Process
36. Pressure and Volume Formula With Gamma Ratio
37. Temperature and Volume Equation With Gamma Ratio - Adiabatic Process
38. Internal Energy - State Function - Independent of Path
39. Work and Heat - Not a State Function, Path Dependent
40. PV diagram problems, work, heat, and internal energy calculations

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Hey man, What an awesome video you created here. Loved it and it got me through the the end of the video. I noticed tho that at 3:00:13 you write that V1/V0=P1/P0. This should be V1/V0=P0/P1. I hope that this helps. Have a great day and thanks alot for the video!

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We really appreciate this 3hr long video,Sir. 👍👍 At 3:00:24 there is a slight mistake, it should be P_o by P_f instead of P_f by P_o.

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This video is excellent. Thank you. When explaining the Isothermal Process at 2:59:50 you state that W=nRTln[Vf/Vo) and W=nRTln[Pf/Po] is that a mistake? W=nRTln[Po/Pf]

[@chiomauzor5104]

No

[@naghavnarna4543]

yes

[@naghavnarna4543]

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In isothermal processes, W= nRTln(Vo/Vf) or W= -nRTln(Vf/Vo).

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[@chineduochuba1813]

thanks for the video sir. but i have a question. when should we use Q=nCvT and Q=nCpT because the values the formula of Cp is different from Cv and they both affects the answer too. that's my problem. Thanks

[@musaskwantya9542]

Q = nCvdt - when volume is constant( Isochoric) and Q = nCpdt - Isobaric.

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Cv is when volume is constant and Cp is when pressure is constant

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[@ABCD_V]

You have used old equation of internal energy i.e dE=q-w but as per IUPAC the new equation has been changed i.e. dE=q+w. Due to this the sign convention of work will change i.e. work done BY the system is taken as NEGATIVE and ON the system is POSITIVE.#Thank you😊

[@alicialutchman211]

So are his calculations for work incorrect?

[@ABCD_V]

No they are correct.

[@alicialutchman211]

Okay. Thank you

[@ABCD_V]

Welcome

[@MrExtremehustler]

You would be correct if this was chemistry. However, in physics we take the POV of the surroundings which means dE=q-w. Confusing I know, but correct he is. In physics W="+" when work is done by the system. In chemistry it is the opposite because the POV is reverse.

[@bigfatstinkycheesefart5079]

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[@noire664]

Thank you so, so very much for this helpful video and for the easy, clear explanation! I came in frightened of Thermodynamics and I'm now a lot more confident in my ability to solve its problems. I also have a whole chart of equations which will really help for solving in the future. May God bless you.~

[@bienfontanilla9490]

May I ask. Why do you use the universal gas constant (8.3145j/kg-k) for R in computing Cp and Cv instead of using the actual gas constants of the elements?

[@Abi4u]

I am wondering about the same, universal gas constant is being used throughout the video instead of specific gas constant.

[@user-qm9rt5hr4w]

To get Jules in the final unit ..

[@KRIMEBOSS]

on the problem around 1:14.06 it should be [5/2 R ] because it is at constant pressure, at constant volume it would be [3/2 R] why is 3/2 R or is it a mistake?

[@Samuelllllllllll]

For a monoatomic gas, [5/2 R] is the Cp, while [3/2 R] is the Cv. Cp is used in the equation Q = n Cp dT where Q (heat transfer) is being calculated. However in this case, *dU* (change in internal energy) is being calculated, where dU = n *Cv* dT is used, so [3/2 R] is correct.

[@Samuelllllllllll]

Also ummm sflr

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