The Origins of the Huns: DNA & History | Geneticist Razib Khan

In this episode geneticist Razib Khan takes us into a topic that remains controversial to this day and that is the origins of the Huns.
He starts off by describing how the Huns were seen in Late Antiquity and how they were described by ancient historians while acknowledging that we have to be careful with these sources due to their bias - after all these sources are from their enemies.
We discuss historiography on the origins of the Huns and what the traditional views have been and how they changed over time and why?
Finally we actually talk about the DNA itself and what it tells us about the Huns, their origins and their neighbors.
Lastly, we arrive at a controversial topic and that is the legacy of the Huns themselves..... who are their descendants?
Once again, we watch as DNA falls nicely into place and makes our understanding of the past much more clearer and yet.... even more complicated.
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[@studyofantiquityandthemidd4449]

To my dear subscribers, thank you all. You have my love and appreciation. Check out our store! History Merch: kzbin.info... Get your history magazines here: www.karwansaraypublishers.com... Enjoy history merchandise? Check out affiliate link to SPQR Emporium! spqr-emporium.com?aff=3 Get a subscription to Ancient Origins and get access to awesome books, webinars and etc! Link : members.ancient-origins.net/r... *Disclaimer, the above three links are affiliate links which means we will earn a generous commission from your magnificent purchase, just another way to help out the channel! Facebook Page: facebook.com/THESTUDYOFANTIQUITYANDTHEMIDDLEAGES/ Twitter: twitter.com/NickBarksdale Instagram: instagram.com/study_of_antiquity_middle_ages/ Facebook Group: facebook.com/groups/164050034145170/

[@mrmarmellow563]

BRILLIANT TALK😍 ME &MY HORSE HAV SUBED.!! TO da 🍯STACK

[@studyofantiquityandthemidd4449]

@@mrmarmellow563 excellent! I think Mr. Khan will be thrilled to read this and seriously, check out his work involving Indo Europeans as well. Fascinating! Thanks for watching!

[@jattnijjerable]

Its me according to dna

[@Abeturk]

The language of Thoeruk people living on the planet W.. (Ou)=U=( it's/ that) (Mã-u)=(Mu)=Bu= this (Thë-u)=(Tsu)=Şu= that (şu=~xiou) ..(ts=~th)=θ (Hë-u)=(Hãu)=O= it (he /she) (Al /El)=(bearer /carrier) (Iz- uz) = S (plural suffix for doubling) Der/Dar=(der)= diger= other ...(dar)=(nearest to the other) (Ler/Lar= plural suffixes) (ɜ:ne)=Eun= Ön= (fore/first) = uno/ one (ilkçe/önce=~firstly)-(önünde/öncesi=~before)-(öncü=pioneer) (Kendi= own)=(Ka-eun-de-u= which's at fore/which one at first) (ɜ:z=euz=Öz= self ) (kendisi=own self/ oneself) in the oldest languages.. (One-this)=(eun-mã-u/ eun-u-mã)=enmo / enuma = me / I am (One-that)=(eun-u-tsë/ eun-thë-u)=enitë / entu = thou / you (One-hã)=(eun-hë-u/ eun-u-hë)=enhu /enuh = he our language (This one)= Mu-eun= (Men)= Ben= Me (That one)= Tsu-eun= (xien/thien)= Sen= You (These ones)= Mu-eun-iz=(miŋiz)=Biz = We (Those ones)=Tsu-eun-iz=(siŋiz)= Siz =You (Plural) Ou-ël=Ol =O= it (he /she) El=someone else (bearer / hand) (El-der)= Eller= other people (different persons) Ou-ël-dar= (Ouldar) =Onlar (The bearer and other-s nearest to it/him) Ou-eun-dar= (Ondar)=Onlar= They Dayı=(maternal) uncle Dayım=my uncle Dayımlar=my uncle and other ones closest to him=(~my uncle and his family) or (~my uncle and his close friends) Dayılarım=my uncles ikiz=(two similar ones) =twin ikiler =two and other dual ones üçüz=(three similar ones)=triplet üçler = three and other triple ones Men-niŋ=Meniŋ=Benim=My Sen-niŋ=Seniŋ=Senin=Your Ou-ël-niŋ=Olniŋ=Onun=his/her/its Miŋiz-niŋ=Bizniŋ=Bizim=our Siŋiz-niŋ=Sizniŋ=Sizin=your (Plural) Ou-ël-dar-niŋ=Oldarnıŋ=Onların=their Ka=(Qua)= which U=(ou)= it's (that) Ka-u=Ki=(Qui)=which that (Meniŋ-ka-u):=which that my...= benimki=mine (Seniŋ-ka-u):=which that your = seninki=yours (Olniŋ-ka-u):=which that his/her/its= onunki= his/hers/its Mak/Mek...(emek)=(exertion process) Çün=(chun)=factor Ka=(Qua)= (which) U=(ou)= it's (that) (Ka-u)= Ki=(Qui)=which that (Çün-ka-u)=(factor-which-that) =Çünki =(c'est-pour-quoi)=(that's why)=(therefore)= Because U-Çün = that Factor İçün=it's for= için=for Mak/Mek...(emek)=exertion (process) Gel-mek= to come (the process of coming) Gel-mek için = for coming =(the factor to the process of coming) Görmek için= for seeing Gitmek için= for going for deriving new adjectives from verbs A/e=to ...A/e + U-Çün =It's Factor To .. suffixes..(Icı-ici-ucu-ücü) (the pronunciation is like ~uji) (geç-e-u-çün) =it has the factor to pass =Geçici = transient /temporary (uç-a-u-çün) =it has the factor to fly = Uçucu = volatile (kal-a-u-çün) =it has the factor to stay = Kalıcı = permanent (yan-a-u-çün) =it has the factor to burn out = Yanıcı = flammable (yanıcı madde=flammable material) (bağla-y-a-u-çün) =it has the factor to biind/connect = Bağlayıcı = binding/connective for deriving new adjectives from nouns and adjectives Çün=factor ( Jiŋ= agency /being the agent/element of..) suffixes.. (Cı-ci-cu-cü) or (Çı-çi-çu-çü) = (jui / tchui ) (jaban-jiŋ) Yabancı = (outsider)=foreign-er (ish-jiŋ)İşçi= work-er kapıcı=doorman demirci=ironsmith gemici=sailor deŋizci=seaman for deriving adjectives from the numbers U-Ne-Çün =that-what-factor suffixes..(Ncı-ncu-nci-ncü) (Bir-u-ne-çün)=Birinci= ~first (initial) (İki-u-ne-çün)= İkinci= second (Üç-u-ne-çün)= Üçüncü=third (Miŋ-u-ne-çün)=Bininci=thousandth Annemiŋ pişirdiği tavuk çorbası =(Anne-m-niŋ Biş-dir-di-ka-u Tavğuk Şorba-tsu)= the chicken soup which (that belong) my mom cook-ed... Arkadaşımdan bana gelğen mektubu okudum= (Arkadaş-ım-dan baŋ-a (gel-ka-eun) mektup-u oku-du-m)= I've read the-letter (which-one-comes) from my friend to me Sen eve giderken = (Sen Ev-e Git-e-er u-ka-en) = (that-which-time You get-to-Go to-Home)= While you go home Seni gördüğüm yer = (Sen-u Gör-dü-ka-u-m yer) = (which-that-place (belong) I Saw (that) You) = Where I saw you İşe başlayacağı gün= iş-e başla-y'a-çak-ka-u gün (.Ki o gün işe başlayacak)=(which) the day s/he's gonna start to work

[@Abeturk]

Çün=(chun)=factor ( Jiŋ= agency /being the agent/element of..) Ka=(Qua)= (which) U=(ou)= it (that) (Ka-u)= Ki=(Qui)=which that (Çün-ka-u) =Çünki =(c'est-pour-quoi)=(that's why))=(therefore)= Because (U-çün)= İçün=için= (that factor..)= For.. (it's for) (Ne-u-çün)=Niçün=Niçin=(what-that-factor)= Why.. (what-for) Demir=Temür=iron (ferroum) (Temur-çün)= Demirci =ironsmith (temuçin= mongolian) Deŋiz= Thengiz= Sea ( tchengis= mongolian) (Theŋiz-jin)=Denizci=seaman Kak-mak= to direct (Yukarı Kalk) Yukarı Kak= (direct (yourself) up) =Get up = (get yourself up) (Kak-der-mak) Kaktırmak= to steer Bunu Kaktır= steer this ...(Bunu Kalktır)=Bunu Kaldır=lift/remove this .. (Kakılmak>kaklmak>kalkmak) (kakıldırmak>kağıldırmak>kaldırmak) Ka=(Qua)= which Ön=(eun)=fore/ first= one Kakğan= Kak-kan=(kak-ka-eun)= ( which one directs )= Who's directing Kakğan=Kağan=Hakan=Hahan=Khan=Han (All of them are the same meaning) Kak-ak = which thing to direct it = what to steer it Kakak= Gagak=Gaga (All of them are the same meaning) (Kuş'nuŋ Gagağı) Kuşun Gagası = ( the router of bird ) the beak of bird=(it's not bird's mouth or nose) Uç-ak=which thing to fly (uçak=airplane) Bür-ek= what to wring by twisting (börek=patty) (mantı=pasty) Han = director- manager-leader religious leader=Kohen (who directs us regarding the future=Kahin) Kağ-man= kaoman=kaman=Xaman=Haman=the religious manager Kul =servant Han Kul'u = The servant of emperor =public servant Han-ca(hanja)=as Han Türk-çe(turqche)= as Turc (Türkçe konuş=speak as turk= speak turkish) Yaban = out of center =Jaban=Japan Yabancı = the outer of center= outsider=foreigner (Yaban Halk)=Japon halkı=Japan People=off-center people (just by us) but (2.hun=ni-fun)Nippon people for the Japanese

[@amyjones2490]

Recently found out that my great grandmother had the language Magyar on her immigration papers so I found this very interesting.

[@christopherellis2663]

Transylvania, Banat Vojvodina, Hungary

[@teovu5557]

hungarians arent really huns.

[@studyofantiquityandthemidd4449]

Apologies on the original episode having sound issues! We hopefully have corrected it and we would appreciate a like, comment and share!

[@sol18177]

First sentence: Huns are barbarians. Attila spared Rome when pope Leo begged him. Germans sacked Rome over and over. They are not barbarians, Attila is barbarian.

[@DarrenRFC]

Barbaroi

[@loweffortamv8407]

Love the way this guy talks, both casual and academic at the same time

[@lightbox617]

Budapest is my favorite city in the world.. I regularly rent apartments just off of Andreszi. From there, I can walk to several modern markets and an older, community oriented market. I attend weekly (Saturday ) live concerts at Lists hHouse for about $1.80. I have often wondered which stories to beleive about the Magyars and the history of Rome granting territory to the Huns in return for peace.

[@ilonamaskal2272]

Andrássy(sp); Liszt(sp

[@shanecarubbi7864]

Absolutely great video Nick, please have Mr. Khan on as often as possible.

[@drumstudiomonchengladbach8131]

Thank you again! Your channel bears a treasure for everyone who's interested in history!

[@ryanvalicek7291]

Fantastic interview. Thank you for both for being so straightforward.

[@studyofantiquityandthemidd4449]

Thanks for watching and for commenting your support Ryan!

[@letsspeakhungarian6626]

@@studyofantiquityandthemidd4449 Please read this article, new research , came out receantly, maybe you can also pass it to Razib. : 'The genetic origin of Huns, Avars, and conquering Hungarians'

[@williamgriebenow3584]

Been hooked on your channel lately and Hun/Xiongnu related topics are just my favorite.

[@studyofantiquityandthemidd4449]

Thanks for the comment and views William! Means the world!

[@Toktobay987]

@@studyofantiquityandthemidd4449 Proponents of a Turkic language theory include E.H. Parker, Jean-Pierre Abel-Rémusat, Julius Klaproth, Kurakichi Shiratori, Gustaf John Ramstedt, Annemarie von Gabain, and Omeljan Pritsak.[13] Some sources say the ruling class was proto-Turkic.[12][93] Craig Benjamin sees the Xiongnu as either proto-Turks or proto-Mongols who possibly spoke a language related to the Dingling.[94] Chinese sources link the Tiele people and Ashina to the Xiongnu, According to the Book of Zhou and the History of the Northern Dynasties, the Ashina clan was a component of the Xiongnu confederation.[95][96] Uyghur Khagans claimed descent from the Xiongnu (according to Chinese history Weishu, the founder of the Uyghur Khaganate was descended from a Xiongnu ruler).[97] Both the 7th-century Chinese History of the Northern Dynasties[98] and the Book of Zhou,[99] an inscription in the Sogdian language, report the Göktürks to be a subgroup of the Xiongnu.[14][100]

[@prettysunshyngrl]

I thoroughly enjoyed this video! Thank you Mr Khan for sharing your amazing knowledge!

[@gharryrhoads5525]

These guests keep getting better and better!

[@antinoofromgreece6560]

Brazilian?

[@cathjj840]

@@antinoofromgreece6560 Bangladeshi-American per Wiki

[@markuhler2664]

Probably my favorite video you've done. Thank you very much.

[@studyofantiquityandthemidd4449]

Wow, thanks! Glad you enjoyed it and thank you for watching!

[@halley8890]

Excellent show:) Thanks for featuring him:)

[@thumbstruck]

Great show, great channel. BTW, extremely cool hoodie!

[@olinayoung6287]

Loved this one, thank you!

[@Toktobay987]

Early Turkic speakers, such as the Tiele (also known as Gaoche 高車, lit. "High Carts"),[104] may be related to Xiongnu and Dingling.[105] According to the Book of Wei, the Tiele people were the remnants of the Chidi (赤狄), the red Di people competing with the Jin in the Spring and Autumn period.[106] Historically they were established after the 6th century BCE.[107] Historical Arab and Persian descriptions of Turks state that they looked strange from their perspective and were extremely physically different from Arabs. Turks were described as "broad faced people with small eyes".[108][109] Medieval Muslim writers noted that Tibetans and Turks resembled each other, and that they often were not able to tell the difference between Turks and Tibetans.[110] Moreover, on Western Turkic coins "the faces of the governor and governess are clearly mongoloid (a roundish face, narrow eyes), and the portrait have definite old Türk features (long hair, absence of headdress of the governor, a tricorn headdress of the governess)".[111]

[@Forward_comrades]

They are not connected with them in any way, and it’s not a fact that you’re talking about the Turks now

[@selindenizcebi9952]

We Turkish in Turkiye today call ourselves are the descendents of Huns…

[@barguttobed]

You are descendants of native Anatolian population

[@ahmeteminerdogan9266]

@@barguttobed Turks are Arabs.

[@NoMadMediaProductions]

Because Huns are direct ancestors of Turks

[@sisyphuss]

​​@@barguttobedour dna is native anatolian + turkic but why u guys saying that shit over and over again? As a Mongolian, you may also have Turkic DNA, you may also have Chinese DNA, but you are just a Mongolian and there is no race in this world that is not corrupted. What matters is the language and culture you speak.

[@poocabraxi]

THEY FLOOD THE COMMENTS ABOUT EQUATING HUNS WITH TURKS 🙄 🤣😂😂​@@sisyphuss

[@faramund9865]

Good talk, I liked it. I mostly share his perspective at this point on the dynamic of Indo-Europeans. And I'm glad he's honest about sharing what we think we know about the Huns and that the answer isn't certain yet.

[@jamesfreeman7182]

One of the better guests. Good brief!

[@Tara-Maya]

Great stuff! Thanks.

[@annepoitrineau5650]

It is so great to see Nick again. So sad to think he has gone forever. Warmest regards to hisfamily for 2024.

[@thomascaliguire6623]

Great job!!!

[@alyhassanmd]

Very enlightening video ! I really learned a great deal

[@nvanguy6868]

Excellent video. In line with the history

[@elihyland4781]

Razib's work seems frickin cool

[@waltonsmith7210]

Its pretty awesome that he studies the steppe and his last name is literally "Khan" lol.

[@vve2059]

Many castes in bangladesh add khan in their last name to uplift social status

[@HoundofOdin]

I am fascinated by the Huns. If only we knew more.

[@PalmettoNDN]

An amazing lecture.

[@carolynandrade2648]

great talk. checking out the other sites. thank you

[@studyofantiquityandthemidd4449]

Most welcome and thanks for watching!

[@noelleggett5368]

Magyar is not an English word, it is Hungarian. In Hungarian A is pronounced like a short O in English, and GY is pronounced like a soft G or J in English. Magyar is pronounced like MOJOR.

[@b0leg23]

Yes, that's how we pronounce it in Turkish as well

[@daltonmiller5590]

Oh shit that's way different from the literal "mag-yar" pronunciation in English. I doubt it well ever be corrected tho :/

[@b0leg23]

@@daltonmiller5590 yeah english gets a TON of stuff like this wrong

[@daltonmiller5590]

@@b0leg23 I also just learned I've been saying "Tatar" wrong my whole life. Apparently the correct pronunciation is "Tuh-tar"

[@b0leg23]

@@daltonmiller5590 it's not tuhtar, it is Tatar, in turkic and russian it is pronounced Tatar, with hard a's. To understand what I mean go check out the turkish pronounciation

[@erikheddergott5514]

Many believe that some Huns settled in Appenzell Switzerland and in the Valleys of Western Valais in Switzerland after the Big Battle in the Fields of Le Champagne in 453.

[@mrmarmellow563]

GO MR KAHN!🔥🎬🌠

[@studyofantiquityandthemidd4449]

He is awesome and always on point! Thanks for watching!

[@freandwhickquest]

@@studyofantiquityandthemidd4449 we like your channel so much Nick. Thanks for everything.

[@studyofantiquityandthemidd4449]

@@freandwhickquest that means the world quest! Thanks for your support! We have more great projects coming!

[@odilbekb-sarkaev1052]

The Hungarian Royal dynasty Arpad's Y haplosubclade is (was) R1a-Y2632 modern closest sample from the Bashkortostan sample Sur51 and modern the Serbian sample which derived from an Arpad's lineage. Majority of the Hungarians Y haplogroup N-L708 terminal haplosubclade N-Z1936 plus Uyelgi samples Y N-B540 and N-B545 and the sample which close to the modern Sakha-Yakut samples.

[@papazataklaattiranimam]

Arpads were Onogurs

[@kbodo65]

Unfortunetly the Arpad "dinasty" is fals narrative. Arpad cannot established any dinasty because he died with 3 sons in battle. We hungarians called Pozsonyi csata. Sadly I cant tell you the english version as I never read or heard of this in english.

[@odilbekb-sarkaev1052]

@@papazataklaattiranimam We have one paleogenetic sample from the PreBlack Sea area was Y R1a1 and most of the Conquering Hungarians were Y N-M178-N-Z1936.

[@jb411000]

We don't forget anything, the records are there. It's old vs new views. You don't have to fix anything or apologize in anyway. Barbaric or not, they lived by the demands of their lives at the time.

[@meme-zv3pg]

The only written document about a people who participated in the Hun union of Attila is the Nominalia of the Bulgarian khans. According to him, the founder of Danube Bulgaria in 681 was Prince Asparuh from the Dulo clan , son of Khan Kubrat and direct heir of Attila. The other son of Kubrat Kotrag, after the disintegration of the old great Bulgaria, founded in parallel with the Danube Bulgaria a second Bulgarian state on the river Volga-Volga Bulgaria. The third Kuber settled with his men in present-day Northern Macedonia, the fourth Alcek in Italy, and one remained and obeyed the Khazar Haganate. Ps. The Hungarians settled Pannonia later after the Franks and the Bulgarians defeated the Avar Haganate.

[@Forward_comrades]

There weren’t even Bulgars then, what are you talking about?

[@TomTom-rh5gk]

Razib Khan is brilliant.

[@gentibrahushaj2569]

We in Balkans say that Hun's roots are from Mongolia.Many stories or myths been related with it.Myths are real, history which not was written in books...

[@xerxen100]

That true, but Mongolia was populated by central european peoplesd at the time. The Huns originated from central europe.

[@MPHJackson7]

14:40 "the Roman was once the Hun". For some reason this line really sticks with me. Its quite clear to most people that their ancestors were nomads, but its not something that most people really realize when looking at history - that these empire-builders were once much like their nomadic rivals.

[@faramund9865]

I've 'known' this for a long time insofar if it is true. I think Survive the Jive introduced me to this concept along with Varg.

[@personofinterest7918]

I love this guy. Seems motivated by curiosity. No underlying agenda or need to lecture me on how I should think. Good stuff.

[@nlrman]

Historic writing of Huns or xian nu(hun no) does not exist in europe but does appear in china, korea, and japanese history books. Mentions that multi raced and does mention that the king and loyal family went to south and settled in shila dynasty and started owning last name "kim".

[@Forward_comrades]

The Huns had no relationship with the Xiongnu

[@nozrep]

at first i was like wait wait this is not the same narrator I like listening to. hahaha. but then I listened all the way and was throughly impressed. I hope more Hungarians volunteer to be tested but that their right to privacy is also honored. Because I have recently heard bad rumors about companies like 23andme selling names and data without permission. True or not true it’s an unacceptable rumor, imo.

[@manymuses]

Spent the past pandemic year deeply delving into genealogical and DNA research- and, accuracy notwithstanding, I found a compelling link back to the Huns and beyond, with the name Khan figuring prominently. The link is through the royal houses of Western Europe, the oldest being the house of Anjou. Any more DNA inquiries you can suggest to solidify this link?

[@hamsolo5320]

Hi I'm interested in what u said. Do u mean the Huns and house of Anjou was linked? If so how

[@albatros33]

Distance to: Hun_Tian_Shan:DA80 0.05533515 Bashkir:BAS-120 0.05990198 Tatar_Siberian:STA-126 0.06118980 Bashkir:BAS-029 0.06465388 Bashkir:BAS-091 0.06518414 Bashkir:BAS-046 Distance to: Hun_Tian_Shan:DA74 0.04317297 Tatar_Siberian:STA-126 0.04340329 Bashkir:BAS-029 0.04508405 Bashkir:BAS-034 0.04571997 Bashkir:BAS-005 0.04634817 Bashkir:bashkir3 Distance to: Hun_Tian_Shan:DA73 0.04519389 Bashkir:BAS-120 0.04615025 Tatar_Siberian:STA-126 0.04817514 Bashkir:BAS-046 0.04964376 Bashkir:BAS-091 0.05188906 Bashkir:BAS-006 Distance to: Hun_Tian_Shan:DA72 0.04298365 Bashkir:BAS-120 0.05147676 Bashkir:bashkir9 0.05193652 Tatar_Siberian:STA-126 0.05398420 Bashkir:BAS-091 0.05418873 Bashkir:BAS-096 Distance to: Hun_Tian_Shan:DA69 0.06131625 Uzbek:495_R02C02 0.06246982 Turkmen:TUR013 0.06295519 Bashkir:bashkir9 0.06305724 Bashkir:BAS-120 0.06540455 Uzbek:495_R01C01 Distance to: Hun_Tian_Shan:DA66 0.04941760 Tatar_Siberian:STA-112 0.04992166 Bashkir:BAS-034 0.05030198 Bashkir:BAS-005 0.05069029 Bashkir:BAS-046 0.05109507 Tatar_Siberian:STA-126 Distance to: Hun_Tian_Shan:DA65 0.06441883 Bashkir:bashkir8 0.06454222 Tatar_Siberian:STA-126 0.06584960 Bashkir:BAS-034 0.06666736 Bashkir:BAS-120 0.06779641 Nogai:NOG-125 Distance to: Hun_Tian_Shan:DA54 0.04048207 Bashkir:BAS-005 0.04305749 Bashkir:bashkir3 0.04403622 Bashkir:BAS-034 0.04726006 Bashkir:BAS-029 0.04823834 Bashkir:bashkir8 Distance to: Hun_Tian_Shan:DA52 0.05372036 Bashkir:BAS-120 0.05740290 Tatar_Siberian:STA-126 0.05805683 Bashkir:BAS-029 0.06147907 Bashkir:BAS-091 0.06291138 Tatar_Siberian:STA-112 Distance to: MNG_Xiongnu_Central_Asian:DA41 0.06108399 Tatar_Siberian 0.06231494 Nogai 0.06282693 Uygur 0.06548345 Karakalpak 0.06585332 Hazara 0.06614142 Hazara_Afghanistan 0.07146758 Tubalar 0.08132082 Uzbek 0.08210203 Bashkir 0.08566547 Kazakh 0.09118132 Shor_Mountain 0.09178028 Shor 0.09363371 Tatar_Siberian_Zabolotniye 0.09606831 Shor_Khakassia 0.10848495 Khakass 0.11646646 Yukagir_Forest 0.11889523 Kirghiz_China 0.12013174 Kirghiz 0.13261421 Turkmen_Uzbekistan 0.13623327 Tlingit 0.14055425 Kazakh_China 0.14074878 Mansi 0.14114272 Turkmen 0.14551228 Khanty 0.14809688 Khakass_Kachins Distance to: MNG_Xiongnu_Central_Asian:DA38 0.06855033 Tatar_Siberian 0.06925119 Uzbek 0.07192976 Bashkir 0.07292202 Hazara_Afghanistan 0.07777367 Uygur 0.08059425 Hazara 0.08332238 Nogai 0.09622928 Karakalpak 0.10318042 Tatar_Siberian_Zabolotniye 0.10606315 Tubalar 0.11011445 Turkmen_Uzbekistan 0.11764581 Turkmen 0.12223570 Kazakh 0.12239900 Shor_Mountain 0.12286107 Yukagir_Forest 0.12563648 Shor 0.12597342 Shor_Khakassia 0.13202128 Tlingit 0.13398359 Tatar_Lipka 0.14369369 Udmurt 0.14459824 Khakass 0.14501118 Tatar_Crimean_steppe 0.14503753 Bahun 0.14774430 Mansi 0.14886521 Besermyan After the fusion of the A and B sectors, new graves were dug in the west. These graves correspond to a group of genetically linked individuals, since they belong to a single paternal lineage. Interestingly, this paternal lineage has been, at least in part (6 of 7 STRs), found in a present-day Turkish individual (Henke et al. 2001). Moreover, the mtDNA sequence shared by four of these paternal relatives (from graves 46, 52, 54, and 57) were also found in a Turkish individuals (Comas et al. 1996), suggesting a possible Turkish origin of these ancient specimens. Two other individuals buried in the B sector (graves 61 and 90) were characterized by mtDNA sequences found in Turkish people (Calafell 1996; Richards et al. 2000). These data might reflect the emergence at the end of the necropolis of a Turkish component in the Xiongnu tribe. Keyser-Tracqui C, Crubézy E, Ludes B. Nuclear and mitochondrial DNA analysis of a 2,000-year-old necropolis in the Egyin Gol Valley of Mongolia. Am J Hum Genet. 2003 Aug;73(2):247-60. doi: 10.1086/377005. Epub 2003 Jul 10. PMID: 12858290; PMCID: PMC1180365.

[@drummersagainstitk]

This video is blowing my mind.

[@jozsefvadon3086]

Razib Khan's way of thinking is very correct, logical and practical. We need more such researchers. Complex processes took place on the steppe, which, however, had laws. Those who only pick out one thing at a time and weave a unique theory out of it are very far from reality.

[@kaisersozay99]

Good one

[@Hellemokers]

Nice

[@ericthegreat7805]

I've read that the Huns were not Xiongnu but other Central Asians who were pushed out by them and they in turn pushed out Eastern Europeans. Like a cascade of refugees, similar to the Sea Peoples in the Bronze Age Collapse.

[@proudamerican7662]

You know history.

[@Forward_comrades]

The Huns lived in Eastern Europe

[@AA-bl6sg]

Hun myth is hugely popular in Hungary, but it’s just that, a myth. Magyars might have had slight connection to Ancient Huns as any steppe people, but nothing significant to even be considered

[@adriennekulcsar7734]

Hun-Avar-Magyar continuity theory.......the vast majority of Hungarians have the same mitochondrial DNA as their Slavic neighbors..........the Magyars were a military elite who conquered and ruled the local indigenous people.

[@Me2Lancer]

I enjoyed this. Many years ago we had friends who immigrated from Hungary. They self identified as Magyars. It seems like when we analyze ancient populations from Eastern Europe there are many connections between Magyars, Turkic people, Tartars, Scythian and Persian groups. In addition, we have Huns, Cimmerians, Kushans, Parthians, and Sarmatians.

[@b0leg23]

Tatars and Huns are Turkic people. Magyars are uralic, although there has been some turkic influence on them. The scythians*, kushans, parthians*, sarmatians are all iranians. But we don't have a clear knowledge on the origins and identity of the Cimmerians. **I changed my mind, Scythians are Turkic, so are Parthians probably.

[@MehmetKaya-hw2jr]

@@b0leg23 scythians are iranians? I don't think so

[@daltonmiller5590]

@@MehmetKaya-hw2jr They most certainly were. Scythians were an Indo-Iranian people. This is not even controversial, this is considered proven fact.

[@daltonmiller5590]

Just FYI, "tartar" is a common mispronunciation and misspelling. It should be written as "Tatar" (without the middle R) and pronounced "Tuh-tar" :)

[@adriennekulcsar7734]

@@daltonmiller5590 Do you put"Tuh-tar" sauce on fried shrimp?

[@paulo929refael2]

Interesting knowledge of the steppe cultures and migrations! Does Razib Khan have any thoughts whether the Huns might have been related to the Yeniseian peoples, for example the Ket, or another Siberian population?

[@papazataklaattiranimam]

Debunked claim though

[@paulo929refael2]

@@papazataklaattiranimam Fascinating. Debunked by whom?

[@gregkosinski2303]

@@paulo929refael2who.

[@j2ll1]

Can you talk about the origins of the austronesians, like before Taiwan? Thank you.

[@chrissmithsonian4819]

I like the straight forward questions but I always have trouble filtering an answer from Mr. Khan's long winded round about answers. Never the less I watch every video you put out👍🏼

[@cathjj840]

I see them the opposite: too concise for the amount of information they pack in unless you're already intimately familiar with the subject and its jargon. But as I'm halfway there, I'd uch rather that than too much pap and filler.

[@hamzaalmdghri8741]

The Huns didn't cross the distance between Mongolia and Eastern Europe in one attack or in one year They dominated the lands of the Scythians and the Urals They settled there For centuries and then began the attack on Eastern Europe, in response to a cosmic reaction to the Romans who torture and killing monotheistic Arians in the wrestling arenas And the Predators

[@VargaErwin]

Yes.

[@VargaErwin]

kzbin.info/www/bejne/a2KbapadmtCNmLc

[@Imperiusism]

Perhaps you could do a video on the subject of slavic native religion?

[@studyofantiquityandthemidd4449]

That sounds like an excellent idea! We will look into this!

[@Imperiusism]

@@studyofantiquityandthemidd4449 Thank you. As a Croat, it has always been an interest of mine. Keep producing quality videos!

[@stefanvrachev992]

The problem of the original hunnic DNA research is there were so many tribes with a diverse ancestry in this hunnic alliance, that makes impossible to recognize who is the original one. Perhaps the one, with much more Siberian or east Asian haplogroups.

[@Forward_comrades]

No, the core were Germanic and Alanian tribes, Asians were among the subordinate peoples

[@jozsefvadon3086]

Like the Hun tribal confederation, the Hungarian tribal confederation consisted of several tribes. This means that the tribes that made up the tribal confederation had a very similar culture, but differed from each other ethnically and linguistically. That's why they signed a contract, a blood contract. There were also Hun descendants among the Hungarians. Based on genetic tests, some of the incoming "Hungarians" are genetically closest to today's Bashkirs. (Arab travelers of the time also called the Hungarians Bashkirs.) Another part of the arriving "Hungarians" had Northern European DNA. The agricultural population living locally in the Carpathian basin was in a huge majority. According to current research, the ratio between "Hungarian" tribes and local residents was 1:10. So, on the one hand, the incoming "Hungarians" did indeed have something to do with the Huns. On the other hand, the languages they brought were assimilated into the languages of the people already living here. This real-life example and many other examples prove it (Bulgarians, Normans, Franks, Goths, Vandals, Longobards).

[@beknazarnomad7170]

Kazakhs have multiple tribes within its nations, and there's one tribe called Magyar.

[@teovu5557]

Kazakh Madjar means follower of Muhammad while Magyar means Man/Human in ugric languages. Not the same thing. The only Turkic tribe with a Ugric origin and name is the Macar tribe found in Uzbekistan.

[@rockinbobokkin7831]

Very interesting. Very complex. Again supports my thinking....race is just a spectrum.

[@1970coconut]

And language of the steppe people as well.

[@robertferguson851]

Race can be represented by a spectrum, but it does exist.

[@robertferguson851]

@wulpurgis Races come into and go out of existence as a part of evolutionary process. As such, they exist for a reason and are not mere evanescent phenomena. They sure as hell are natural, and as something that has come into existence via a process's of natural selection their continued existence is not something that should be lightly and casually surrendered, particularly because of political and economic considerations.

[@robertferguson851]

@wulpurgis Race certainly does exist for trees, plants and other animals. In that context the term generally used is 'subspecies' rather than 'race', but the meaning is the same. Also, when I use the term "purpose" I am not referring to the supposed purpose of an intelligent creator, but rather to the adaptations necessary for survival under the pressure of natural selection. If you wish to downplay the importance of racial survival that's fine with me, but, in that case, I must insist that that this standard must apply equally to all of the races and not just to Whites.

[@cathjj840]

@wulpurgis Dunno what Ferguson believes, but it seems pretty obvious to me that yes, we're hybrids. Natural till now, but what with 3-geniteur crispr babies and AI etc.proponents, that won't be the only kind for long. (not my cuppa tea, tho' - sigh)

[@morganmorris97]

There’s also a Turkic creation myth where they were descended from wolves. Very similar to Romulus and Remus. I think wolves as an animalistic trope has common ancestry with Proto Indo European animal cults.

[@noelleggett5368]

Common ancestry? Perhaps.... but it might have more to do with living with and observing wolves. Native North American cultures revere wolves, too, but no one is suggesting a direct common ancestry between the Persians, Turks and Algonquins... just because they all saw wolves. There’s no mention of wolves in South America, Africa, South-East Asia, Australia, New Guinea, Madagascar, or Oceania.... not because they share a common linguistic or cultural heritage, but because there are no wolves.

[@morganmorris97]

@@noelleggett5368 Well that goes for almost any ancient culture. What I’m suggesting is that as far back as Cro Magnons in the Mesolithic age, and even Neanderthals, humans have revered nature and animals. Particularly in Eurasia, you’d see clans of hunter gatherers ranging from Spain to England to Crimea all revering predators. As these cultures settled into their own places, it’s no wonder that you have different yet similar versions of animal worship in the same way that many mythologies are the same. The idea started with a selected group of people are spread and changed just as they spread and changed. Even in the Americas, you see the same thing, which enforces that we share a common ancestor both genetically and culturally.

[@noelleggett5368]

@@morganmorris97 Yes, that’s what I’m saying. However, the question posed by Morgan Morris, and hinted at in this video, is a possible direct cultural link between the Altaic (Turkic)-speaking peoples and Indo-European peoples because of similar myths concerning wolves. My point is that you cannot make that link because it has more to do with geography than any anthropological or linguistic connection. It is coincidence, and not a contiguous cultural link.

[@morganmorris97]

@@noelleggett5368 I personally think that we’d need to consider what Eurasia was like roughly 15,000-10,000 years ago right before the peopling of the Americas. Neanderthals were extinct by then, and farming was in its infancy, if practiced at all. I would venture to say that Siberian hunter gatherers traveled across Berengia following game, and transplanted their people and culture into an otherwise uninhabited North and later South America, morphing as time went on. Europeans revere wolves. The plains Indians revere the bison. South American tribes revere the Jaguar, etc. I think the commonality is animal worship, but what changes is the animal in particular being worshiped, based on the time and location. You’re not going to have “Tribe X” worship wolves in Siberia and then go generations further and have the exact same “religion” in the Amazon, because of location, time, and local fauna. I think we’re both brainstorming the same thing but in different ways, but it’s great to think about!

[@noelleggett5368]

@@morganmorris97 My point is that you cannot establish a direct cultural link between Indo-Europeans and Turkic-speaking peoples based on a myth about wolves.

[@EdsondoCarmoOoO]

taking advantage of the theme, there could be more videos saying what was the fate of these Asian tribes who later migrated out of Asia, like the khazars and avars

[@borabingol6797]

Avars, Khazars… Do you mean Turkic tribes?

[@sanjibmukherjee8484]

My paternal side has r m 17(idk about this haplogroup) haplogroup.i am bengali by origin.and my maternals side is h1 haplogroup.can anyone tell me about r m17 haplogroup whether its r2a or r1 a.(just eager to know).

[@hamzaalmdghri8741]

For the scientific neutrality of the trust, it is necessary to differentiate, classify, divide and disaggregate

[@SilverEye168]

Following the circle...

[@brianticas7671]

The huns were Kazakhstan, turkey, Mongols, and Hungarians all put into one. They were put out of business by germanic tribes and Roman's worked with them to get out of the equation. The huns were not germanic at all. Hell no. The germanic tribes with the Roman's worked together to get rid of the huns because they couldn't beat them one on one.

[@Ravenoflight2275]

Interesting

[@goldenstatesniperquickscop8095]

I've done a Michochrodria DNA test and found Im genetically connected to the Arpad Dynasty, the Huns, and Hungarian conquerors, Mongolia etc....

[@TheTokkie]

The Xiongnu were themselves of mixed ethnicity

[@carlospargamendez7012]

Subtitles, please.

[@HotZetiGer]

I wonder if the DNA study included Cone-heads Huns?

[@christianlingurar7085]

I once lived in a lower bavarian village, which used to celebrate a rather bizarre holiday connected to the catch of the last gang of huns in a nearby swamp. it survived so many centuries. they must have been a real pest. but besides: that. was. cool. thanks. upvote.

[@rycolligan]

Well now I need to know what you guys did in the festival, please share!

[@RPe-jk6dv]

this has nothing whatever to do with the huns but with the hungarian (magyar) invasion in the late karolingian period and their final defeat by the first saxonian emperors (battle on the lechfeld) near augsburg.

[@hellequingentlemanbastard9497]

@@RPe-jk6dv - I wouldn't be so sure about that. I remember when I was little that my Greatgrandmother told us stories of the Hun-invasion that somehow survived in the Psyche of the Village/Area, and that village is close to the Luxembourg, French Border. The Roman Town Trier is maybe 1 hours drive away. So, who really knows?

[@erikheddergott5514]

@@hellequingentlemanbastard9497 The Hungarian Raids into Bavaria and the Huns close to Trier have nothing to do with each others. Attila's Huns survived in Sagas throughout Europe, so it was just natural to link the Raids of the Hungarians to those of the Huns.

[@963ag]

Although I am married to a Spaniard, (hence my last name) I am the daughter of Hungarian refugees. I am fascinated by the different origin theories of the Magyars. During the time period of my parents' the Finno- Ugric linguistic and ancestry link was popular... I have since read of possible Summerian ties - what do you think of that?

[@AA-bl6sg]

Summerian origin and similar made up stories about Hungarian origins are embarrassing to even be mentioned casually, given how ludicrous they are from any scientific perspective. Look at academic consensus if you want to know more on this subject, these people know what they are talking about

[@gyorgynemeth8008]

Ne törődj vele akadémiai konszenzus it már volt azon is hogy lapos a föld és mennyire nem igaz, de még senki sem tudta megnyugtatóan meg magyarázni hogy lehet az hogy minden sumér varosnak magyar neve van

[@xerxen100]

The Hungarian ruling elite and old religion originate from Sumer. The language althought heavily influenced, but still Uralic, or rather old european, but not Sumerian. But there were 8000 years betwen Sumer and Hungarians...

[@odilbekb-sarkaev1052]

In Mulan were Rourans Juan Juans not Xiongnu, Rourans later became the Pseudo Avars-Varkhonites-Pannonian Avars. en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mulan_(2020_film)

[@gemahenan]

Why did we Chinese build the great wall? It was for them, uncountable nomadic barbarian tribes in the north of China. Rome fell because it didn't have such a great wall. Existence next to those cruel barbarian neighbours wasn't easy at all, centuries and centuries boring gigantic bloody wars. We fought very hard but still failed several times, the Mongolian and the tartar Manchurian finally got their chance and built two dynasties in China, that deeply barbarianized China for ever. That's why the western was able to so easily conquer a ever-great China in later 19th century, it had been profoundly weakened by those barbarian rulers. The lessen, if you want safety, build a wall.

[@gregkosinski2303]

I don’t understand your point. The wall was to keep out barbarians, but it didn’t, so in conclusion build a wall?

[@outsidewell6932]

@@gregkosinski2303​​⁠​​⁠ The Great Wall kept out of the Huns (Xiongnu in Ancient Chinese was pronounced Hunnu) and they were dismantled by the Han Dynasty and went westward toward central Asia.

[@backpressure123]

Did they also have Y-haplo N, C and O?

[@cultureofturk711]

SATURN, MARS..... (GALAXY) INDO-IRANIAN.

[@m.arikanashina4423]

Herkezi iranli yapiyorlar, islerine gelmedimi 😂😂😂

[@m.arikanashina4423]

@S SoHeeloe surely, you gathered all samples, made the DNA Tests and published the results. So it’s 100% sure Huns have siberian and Iranian ancestry. Sure absolutely, we are just jealous 😂🙈🤣😂

[@arashbehdad8469]

@@m.arikanashina4423 All of them were Iranians You live in a fascist country where you immersed yourself in Iranian history . Turan has nothing to do with the Turks, not even an ancient Turkish book that introduces the Turanians as Turks . Your history is only Mongol and Altai, nothing more

[@mehmetkurtkaya3106]

Very well done to both of you. Razib Khan made a great overview. Thank you. As for the Huns as barbarians yes they were but they were revered as such because barbarian did not have modern evil connotation. Australian Korsan history professor has a book on this very subject. He apparenrly ent through ancient European records on Huns. Did not read the book yet but some reviews and introduction. That can also help. He was saying that the Huns had turkic mongolian and iranian rulers as well as people among them many years back and this is now proven by genetics. Xiong nu with İranians became the Huns with probably Germanic and Hungarian people within them as well.

[@mehmetkurtkaya3106]

Korean and not korsan. Damn auto correct.

[@studyofantiquityandthemidd4449]

Great insights and thanks for watching! I need to read his work!

[@mehmetkurtkaya3106]

@@studyofantiquityandthemidd4449 apparenrly forgot to put his name Hyun Jin Kim.

[@freandwhickquest]

@@mehmetkurtkaya3106 avrupa hunlari, xioung-nu'lardan arta kalan grupların biraz batiya giderek steplerdeki irani topluluklarla karismasiyla mi ortaya cikti? (Daha sonra bu karisimdan olusan gruplarin avrupa'da cermenik halklarla bir kere daha karismasiyla elbette)

[@mehmetkurtkaya3106]

@@freandwhickquest genel olarak öyle Macar ve germenler de var büyük ihtimal

[@coldenhershey857]

Check out the Answers in Genesis video on the origins of the Native Americans. AIG presents an interesting thesis based on genetic research.

[@istvanpesti5758]

Which was the hunnic gene ? and the Hungarian gene ?

[@spacecanuk8316]

Yeah, horse nomads coming in from from the Eurasian Steppe is probably my #1 underrated theme from human history. It is such a consistent pattern that has only changed recently, and given humanity's pre-farming modus operandi, not at all surprising.

[@ProvidenceNL]

Its mindblowing that that domino effect is started all the way over on the eastasian steppes and just ripple effect to the west.

[@spacecanuk8316]

@@ProvidenceNL It can go East as well. Just ask China and India.

[@cathjj840]

Nomadism with horses may not be any older than sedentary agriculture. They were both revolutionary in comparison with hunter-gather nomadism which really was humanity's common lot for a good 300,000 years or so. No?

[@faramund9865]

From European history* (and Asian? I don't know anything about Asian history).

[@user-cg2tw8pw7j]

​@@faramund9865 Jesus did not come to renew you from Russia, Iran and Central Asia

[@user999hui]

Thank you for the research, it’s easy to understand. Feeling sorry for the sufferings . 🕯🙏🏻🕯 If you read the character ‘Xingno’ in Korean, it’s Huengno. I guess that was way to write ‘Hunne’. Also there was a tribe called ‘Malgar’. They remained in Russia, as Mohe. :) When Persia collapsed, the prince Abitin and his people migrated to Shilla and he got married to a princess. They returned to their land to recover it, their son succeeded to build Iran. If you make a wall and block trades and markets, nomadic people who don’t do agriculture can’t help moving, for a survival. Many people probably passed away but because of their sacrifice, the West and the East could merge and exchange traditions and culture. Korea also suffered from Mongolia later, but they also gave us new opportunity. I believe if we see in a big picture, Huns planted a seed to the world that can be one in the future. If we see around Hongshan culture like others mentioned below, which is actually part of Baedal(light) civilization, Huns were highly civilized people. It can’t justify their actions but It’s time for us to think in a new perspective. It seems Turkish people feel proud but we have to think about the heaviness first and Keep praying for the ones who died 🙏🏻

[@focusontheargument]

Nothing to do with Turks

[@rabbitazteca23]

I think Turkish and Turks being discussed here are different.

[@teovu5557]

Mohe is the modern chinese pronouncation of the JURCHEN(tungusic) Malgal tribe....they are NOT Magyars who are a Finno-Ugric people. Xiongnu were mostly Turkic tribes and the Malgals/Mohe were from a completely different nomadic group east of the xiongnu called the Donghu(who were mostly Mongolic and Tungusic) Not the same people....

[@jivanselbi3657]

Mr. Khan, we appreciate your touch to our history, we're Turkic people from North of the Caucuses ''currently south of Russia'', Hun/Qun for us is our past, both the eastern Huns and western ones aftearsr the empire divided, groups e.i Hlazars, Pechengs, Bulgars, all had connection to much earlier Scythians, today may be the language of Magyars is different to all Turkic speakers, but the fact we alwyas loved Magyars and considered them as one of ours, despite of many wars occured against Turkic Ottoman empire.

[@1970coconut]

Hi, Jivan Selbi, your comment was written from every Magyar’s heart. Greetings from Hungary

[@jivanselbi3657]

@@1970coconut Köszönöm, természetesen minden török ​​szívében van szeretet és tisztelet a magyarok iránt, régen ez kissé el volt rejtve, de most nyíltan beszélik a társadalmunkban.. when we express our feelings towards our kins, we only speak of what we have in our hearts and minds. Best of luck

[@1970coconut]

@@jivanselbi3657 Ben de buna ikna oldum. Osmanlı fethi, belirli bir hanedan için yalnızca bir dönemdi. Thousands of years of kinship could not be ignored by a hundred-fifty years of conquest.

[@jivanselbi3657]

@@1970coconut yes, we too believe like you.. recent attempts by all Turkic coubtries incline towards better relations with each other and with Hungaria

[@1970coconut]

@@jivanselbi3657 We are to organize Kurultaj again as soon as pandemic-circumstances and regulations will allow us. Hopefully we could meet soon, you will be very welcome to us!

[@InGrindWeCrust2010]

So whom was tested to find the Hunnic DNA? Hungarians? I thought that percentage of that admixture was quite low in the Hungarian population. Is it easy to distinguish that from later DNA influence of Kipchak or Oghuz Turks (Ottomans)? Is there anything behind Attila's uncles having possibly Germanic names that points to the nominal nationality of his mother?

[@jb411000]

No, it's not mind blowing at all. Good to hear you say this. I have always thought ancient peoples were adventurers and wanderers just like us.

[@strigosandreas7217]

...what a sober discussion...

[@poetoftheater]

Xiongnu is pronounced with an initial soft "sh" sound, not "j" . This "sh" is becomes a "h" sound I'm China depending on the language, so the "sh" in xiong nu is just a different pronunciation of "h" in hun

[@mamushi72sai]

I recommend a camera update. it's quite blurry.

[@studyofantiquityandthemidd4449]

Unfortunately that is the downside of zoom and logitech cameras.

[@mamushi72sai]

@@studyofantiquityandthemidd4449 Darn, I guess that makes sense. I like the vids though.

[@denizen9998]

I'd like to see how closely related the hunnic people are to native americans

[@bamsbeyrek4939]

Bunun en kolay yolu Dnalarina bakmak ve bugünkü hangi halklara yakin olduğunu görmek

[@odilbekb-sarkaev1052]

The Hungarian archeogenetists E.Neparazcki, Csaky and so on already discovered some samples.

[@studyofantiquityandthemidd4449]

Have they published their studies yet? Would love to read them.

[@VargaErwin]

Endre Neparazcki The Hungarian archeogenetists @@studyofantiquityandthemidd4449

[@odilbekb-sarkaev1052]

@@studyofantiquityandthemidd4449 1. pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/33154399/

[@VargaErwin]

kzbin.info/www/bejne/a2KbapadmtCNmLc

[@odilbekb-sarkaev1052]

@@studyofantiquityandthemidd4449 3. www.researchgate.net/publication/337189359_Y-chromosome_haplogroups_from_Hun_Avar_and_conquering_Hungarian_period_nomadic_people_of_the_Carpathian_Basin

[@elsebethlaugegrue1699]

👍

[@ewonnestrand7298]

Is he a hobby sientist or where does hes Universitets name?

[@stljoiee]

The HU band has brought Mongol to the present world.

[@razraza3183]

Huns did invade India and conquered parts of North India. But, they were ultimately defeated by Gupta kings in 5th century and got absorbed in Indian society. Message from India

[@a_l7515]

Xian bei and Han chinese defeat the mighty Xiongnu and they moved west to kazakhstan. The turkic nomads were then pushed westward to europe as the Xiongnu forced them out. This probably made the turkic nomads - the Huns of europe and how Atilla the Hun made history.

[@balazsszabo4436]

I apologize but the Huns had their own writing by the time they left the Steps. Please research%!

[@mikeb4256]

The Huns seem like the land based equivalent to the marine based Phoenicians - thanks, this is awesome stuff!

[@Pwnagotchi-0]

got hungarian from a dna test i never knew i had any

[@user-dp1ki3oh2p]

I look Forward to going to Hungary and resercheing my Ancester s