Metal Coating using PLASMA (Part 1 - How it works)

[@thethoughtemporium]

Go to curiositystream.com/ThoughtEmporium or use the coupon code "thoughtemporium" to get a whole year of documentaries and non fiction tv for just 14.99!

[@marz.6102]

Could you make graphene?

[@lio1234234]

@@marz.6102 technically graphene can be made as simply as using some sellotape on some graphite. 👍

[@marz.6102]

@@lio1234234 a sheet

[@HenriFaust]

You should totally grow some giant crystals with your setup next.

[@Thetreetroll]

Gratz on the Pyrex

[@wtechboy18]

should have labelled the flow meters "ARGON" and "AREN'TGON"

[@kingarthurthe5th]

*Hisoka would like to know your location*

[@alvimpaulo]

It's science canon that argon is just looking for his father, right?

[@wtechboy18]

@@alvimpaulo and always fighting with Boronmir

[@maracachucho8701]

ARGOFF? No? Okay.

[@matzibeater]

What about ARGONE?

[@MORTYCJA]

everytime you do this i feel like i'm watching some sci-fi alternative universe video, it's so hard to believe you do this stuff on the same timeline i live in. it's so fun, love this stuff

[@Bageltin]

its harder to believe that this is just one guy, his own money, his own business, his own perseverance, that built this entire machine. honestly, it's astounding

[@MORTYCJA]

@@nenmaster5218 sorry, i don't speak english very well :^( you can tell me how to fix it and i'll edit the comment

[@scoobysnax]

so, a sci-fi Au? 😜

[@safrianz]

so true

[@keepironman14]

Just wait until he does the ion engine and reactor he mentioned. (I'm subbing to eventually see those)

[@AppliedScience]

Great to see it all come together and working smoothly! Really nice work. And thanks so much for the shout-out.

[@2litersoftwist988]

You guys dis some awesome work here

[@Rom2Serge]

I'm fan of your channel since the dawn of times. Your channel is one of the best science-channel on youtube. I wish you to continue making your projects. Thank you for everything you have done.

[@rafaelsjm]

Applied Science and Thought Emporium working together to democratise an incredible technology! You guys are great, keep spreading science!

[@HackerMultiful]

Lol, I've opened this video without taking a look at the channel and at first thought it was you. Then I recognised Justin by voice. But now I'm seeing your comment 😄 Thank you both for making KZbin smarter!

[@KitsuneAlex]

Legend

[@gabewilliams380]

casually referencing a future product being a nuclear fusion reactor is exactly what i love about this channel, science fiction made or at least attempted to make real

[@sleepchad]

I was about to say.. a nuclear WHAT???

[@Relatablename]

Yeah he's done it a couple times, they're just demonstration reactors because the magnetron uses more energy than any fusion generates.

[@gabewilliams380]

@@Relatablename yes but it's still impressive, of course if he was able to make efficient fusion energy he wouldn't be doing KZbin

[@Relatablename]

@@gabewilliams380 Absolutely. Been following this man for a few years now and he never fails to impress. Hands down one of the best channels on this platform.

[@ghunter0939]

"The key to science is to hold a good grudge" explosions and fire subscribers pointing at the screen like DiCaprio right now

[@cmoore8658]

I honestly haven't looked at yellow the same since I started watching his vids-

[@ScumfuckMcDoucheface]

@@cmoore8658 hahaha =)

[@NickiRusin]

oh absolutely

[@Bageltin]

@@cmoore8658 doo doo color

[@Odinfang]

I understand this grudge all to well, but it’s because I made a few pairs of tree punching gloves before I finally managed to make a set from gorilla tape, sponges, shirts and rope that do the job perfectly lol

[@sebotto5149]

This is a perfect example why i prefer creators who produce less content but in a high quality. I don't need trash every day when i can get videos like this instead.

[@robertschnobert9090]

The KZbin algorithm disagrees and the algorithm is ALWAYS right haha 🌈

[@coolbreezelb5023]

Agreed.

[@RoobeeBlue]

When you said "nuclear fusion reactor" I literally said oh my god out loud. I can't explain the crazy mix of incredulity and excitement and fascination your videos give me. It's like the feeling that actually, anything is possible. It's how science made me feel when I was a kid.

[@wooy1701]

I said in my brain: that went from 0 to 100 real quick

[@CraftyF0X]

Probably just a fusor, a proof of concept and neutron source.

[@kalxi1724]

I heard "fusion" and had to think twice before literally laughing hysterically

[@caodesignworks2407]

Yeah, you don't want to be fucking around and making a nuclear Fusion reactor on YT. That's what got Cody's Lab raided by the FBI.

[@wooy1701]

@@caodesignworks2407 actually? I though that was more about his uranium purification combined with his isotope separation

[@Corbald]

Machining tip: When clamping a small part into your vise, clamp another, similar sized part at the other side of the vise. This maximizes clamping force and prevents wracking of the clamp jaws, which leads to weak clamping.

[@sofa-lofa4241]

Yeah, that one that you f*cked up at the start... Still has its uses

[@amysakalov6915]

"Full bridge rectifier." No ElectroBoom voice over?! Such an easy crossover you missed there. For shame.

[@devrim-oguz]

I don't like him saying it that way. So I think this is good for me 😂

[@Justin-dv7ul]

fooooooooooool breeedge recteeefier

[@maybearkamaybenot11]

It's a sin to not say it that way

[@phlm93]

My thoughts exactly

[@Avetho]

I heard the fooool bredge rectefiah when he said it, and then my brain started playing the song XD

[@ameliakremer2875]

This is legit the coolest stuff I’ve ever seen. Im making a cloud chamber now and I wouldn’t have done it, nor would I ever had felt that it was possible for me, without this channel. I got so excited when I saw a new video and i’m even more excited now that I’ve watched it for the ones to come. thanks for being such an inspiration, I can’t say I would be where i am in my engineering debut without your videos!!

[@eugeniopolanski2390]

I say the same... I feel he has all the same interests as I, but the main difference is that he goes for the other 99.99%.....puts his brains in and makes them happen. For me, its the n1 channel. I was (and still am) so amazed with the genetic engineering series " whose gene is it anyway"...

[@Ziaotic]

you're just making a cloud chamber from scratch?

[@Ivan.Wright]

@@Ziaotic It's not too hard to do and it's really cool seeing them in person

[@shirothehero0609]

I've wanted to build one of "these" for years. Years and no clue where to start. I then turned to the idea of "hmm, how much would a pvd/cvd coating system cost." Yeah, not cheap, even 4th hand versions from potentially non scrupulous characters. This is amazing.

[@vdekjEE]

Patience, Craigslist, and living in the SF Bay Area make it free! If only I had more space and a truck… There was a free SEM the other week, too!

[@shirothehero0609]

@@vdekjEE well shit. Seems like we might have to combine forces. 🤔

[@hullinstruments]

@@vdekjEE Yep can’t attest to this. And you don’t have to be anywhere specific… Look around and ask around… And you’ll find what you’re looking for. Eventually

[@hassanshaikh3451]

the mans saw that $20k+ price tag and went "fine, i will do it my self"

[@HorochovPL]

15:12 What do You think about adding valve between diffusion pump and chamber? You could close the valve and repressurize the chamber while keeping pump under vacuum. Do Your stuff, close the chamber, use 1st stage pump and then switch to 2nd stage by opening the mentioned valve.

[@florianf4257]

For this, you need a way to pull a rough vacuum in the camber before opening the valve to the diffusion pump again, so in total you end up with three valves. At University i used an old (1973 vintage) Edwards 306 which used this method. You either connect the roughing pump to the diffusion pump (backing) or close off that path and connect it to the chamber (roughing). The Diffusion pump could easily run 30 minutes without the roughing pump and vacuum chamber connected (though we used the expensive Santovac 5 oil, which is less prone to oxidation). So you can easily pump down the chamber with the roughing pump before switching back to backing and opening the main valve.

[@Mister_Brown]

or he could just get a turbo and save a lot of time at this size

[@Basement-Science]

@@Mister_Brown A turbo still needs a few minutes to spin up or down. Also, the main valve for shutting off a high vacuum pump can get pretty expensive, at least if you're trying not to restrict the throughput.

[@SouseMouse]

Since the problem is hot oil reacting with oxygen, then maybe you could even get away with no valves at all by flowing argon into the pump's openings. If that works then you'd be able to get complacent and run low on gas in the middle of a changeover and ... Nah, I don't like my idea anymore.

[@BirdFinder]

This is exactly how instruments designed with diffusion pumps work. Valve to close off diff pump from chamber, with a bypass valve to rough out the chamber (while also isolating the back end of the diff pump from high pressure). You can further protect the diffusion pump so it can run without the rough pump by adding a ballast tank (just an evacuated empty chamber between the diffusion pump and rough pump) which acts as a 'virtual rough pump' for the diff pump while you have it isolated. Yes, more complex valving, but so much faster.

[@aner_bda]

"ARGON" and "NOT ARGON" have to be the coolest labels I've seen on a device.

[@derkeksinator17]

I remember the first time using a sputter coater we got a leaf from outside and coated it with gold to make a literal gold leaf! Sure that one was a little dumb, but there's sooo much cool stuff you can do with this!

[@flurgerbla7609]

ngl, hearing fusion reactor being mentioned so casually made me chuckle

[@unvergebeneid]

It made me absolutely lose it for a solid minute, so there ;)

[@WanderTheNomad]

Made my brain stop working for a moment trying to comprehend it..

[@personwritingthings]

Welcome back! It's really nice to see you back, can't wait to see what this new lab brings!

[@waterunderthebridge7950]

I remember there being some kinda bioinformatic software literally named Magic and the paper just being like “xyz was analysed with second generation Magic”. Really wonder if the author kept a straight face writing those kinds of passages xD

[@Justin-dv7ul]

that sounds cool, now I wanna look it up

[@oreokid101v2]

I work with ion implanters in the semiconductor industry and the thought occasionally crosses my mind asking "I wonder how I could build a tabletop version of this system, but that would be disgustingly expensive", and holy crap you did it. You did it and that thing is easily worth tens of thousands of dollars (probably a lot more if you didn't tell us exactly how to do it but God bless your kind soul)

[@colbydutoit9113]

Learning the science behind something people seem to never know how it works may be my favourite thing

[@Vesohag]

18:15 exactly what I was thinking, lol. Like when making armor. Instead of painting foam to look like metal, better to just coat it with actual metal.

[@ShaLun42]

foam really don't like vacuum

[@simsanutiy]

Well, you'll need a big freakin vacuum chamber for an armor to fit

[@Vesohag]

@@simsanutiy you would have to go through all parts, not necessarily the whole armour in one go.

[@JamesBakerOhio]

You make things so accessible and comprehensible, you are like one of my profs from college. You can reduce the whole to comprehensible bites and *BANG* the pieces fall together so that even a topic like vacuum deposition is not as mountainous as it was before. Thanks 😊

[@serta5727]

You have a golden opportunity to bring science to the masses :)

[@BigCroca]

funny

[@Mchacz8008]

Please, Don't. I don't want a bunch of myths, and wrong opinions, caused by bringing it to the masses.

[@PatrickOliveras]

golden or whatever other metal you can make a disk out of

[@alexlandherr]

At 8:50, I expected a “FULL BRIDGE RECTIFIER” from Mehdi…

[@sovietsheep5051]

Same

[@thebetaman]

F U L L B R I D G E R E C T I F I E R.

[@demonickiller6315]

I love that this bloke isnt greedy and patenting everything he makes, and let us do our little science projects at home. (even if you cant rly do this at home lol)

[@sovietdies]

I agree although there's not much proprietary things to patent here. both the technologies used have be used for years so the only thing he could do it patent the process of making it, which actually would make it easier to build for yourself as to patent something you have to make the design documentation public. you just wouldn't be able to sell his design.

[@TheWizardGamez]

Can’t really patent something that’s already patented

[@auua1001]

Nothing to patent about sputtering, lol

[@bromike]

It’s 50k to get a patent 👍😂

[@demonickiller6315]

@@bromike bruh what how the fuck is it that much lmao

[@simonteesdale9752]

I was just thinking how cool origami would look coated in metal. It might need a coat before and after folding though.

[@comradewindowsill4253]

The idea reminds me of the origami that I wax coated way back when. Certainly not nearly as cool as metal deposition, but it was a lot of fun. The one thing was thay the wax would collect in corners

[@maxk5065]

vacum and origamy might not mix well...

[@KaosFireMaker]

@@maxk5065 Just make sure the paper is nice and dry.

[@CruzMonrreal]

Foil paper for origami does actually exist, and it in fact does look pretty neat

[@lio1234234]

I was hoping for an upload some time soon! Thank you so much!!!

[@lio1234234]

Also, this one is particularly interesting for me as a second year mechanical engineering student here in England.

[@chevyblock6862]

I was thinking the same thing the first thing I thought when I saw this was the human neuron on the microscope slide very fun and interesting video

[@jacenkore]

I click on this video because it looked interesting, stayed through the whole thing because it was, and he hits me with 'my next project is an ion engine and a fusion reactor'. If you ever earned a sub from an algorithm click it was this one.

[@smellycat249]

I copied your first magnetron sputtering system when you first posted it on KZbin. It works great for how simple it is. I am able to sputter from smaller pieces of metal I place on my main plate. I was able to sputter gold from a gold plated piece of thin ribbon metal that was laying on my nickel/copper baseplate. It’s hard to get to work repeatedly though lol. One safety note: I once accidentally took a whiff of the air right next to my ghetto bell jar while retrieving my sputtered item and all I smelled for the next day was an alien metallic smell. I was legit scared I ruined my smeller. Luckily things went back to normal after a couple days.

[@WanderTheNomad]

That does sound scary. Having a small action you take possibly negatively affect you for the rest of your life. 😰

[@yeturs69420]

Lol it coated your nose

[@hugoturbill6067]

best channel on youtube, im a first year mechanical engineer student and loving this

[@thebookofpsychedelics936]

So excited to see something out of the new lab!!

[@dustinsysko]

"It's basically a light made of metal" was particularly fun to hear. Nice project!

[@CeeBricknell]

Absolutely amazing man, looks great and very well made. As for the switch over taking so long due to the diffusion pump needing to cool down. Have you through about adding a air lock between the chamber and pump. This would allow you to keep the pump in a ready state, or get it running whilst you setup, without it losing vacuum and thus setting on fire.

[@zuthalsoraniz6764]

Wouldn't you want some more valves in addition to that one, one to also isolate the diffusion pump from the roughing pump, and one to connect the roughing pump directly to the chamber? Since otherwise, the diffusion pump would for a short time be exposed to atmospheric-pressure air from the chamber while hot when the chamber is pumped back down.

[@chezcotton]

3:08 Thank you so much. I really want to make my own magnetron sputtering machine but I have no idea what I’m doing or where to start. Great video too btw, subbed.

[@AlecKristi]

I've said FOOL BRIDGE RECTIFIER in Mehdi's voice as you were saying it...

[@blaircox1589]

🤣 same!! The moment I saw the diodes. Then immediately came here looking for someone commenting on not saying it 'properly' 😁

[@drkinetics384]

This is one of the coolest scientific things I’ve seen made from scratch like the way you guys did it. Absolutely amazing!

[@kern9422]

this guy can casually say "i'm gonna build an ion engine and a nuclear fusion reactor", Madlad.

[@co9681]

"It will be useful in future projects such as an ion thruster and a nuclear fusion reactor" OK then

[@Piromanofeliz]

He's mr. "I'm gonna do genetic engineering on myself to get rid of my lactose intolerance" This guy is epic.

[@hgbugalou]

FULL BRIDGE RECTIFIER! Seriously though this is incredible. Every calls me a genius for all the little projects I work on but compared to this, its coloring in a coloring book. Humbling but inspiring. I really enjoy these videos.

[@Sliceoflie]

When coating plastic or other materials, especially for cosplay/models like you mentioned, how robust is the deposited later of metal? Will the surface layer survive minor flexing of the object, or even light handling? I notice you were using gloves/tweezers and utmost care not to touch the coated area.

[@andrecook4268]

Depends on the coatings hardness and adhesion. The Al/Ti on the plastic should be ok for light handling. They all scratch easy though because they are so thin. Flexing isn't a problem because for the same reason - the shiny plastic on chip packets is aluminum. You can up the durability with a layer of clear coat.

[@Aurunio]

I work in a research clean room and your work is really great. To my knowledge you shouldn't let the acetone dry. You should rinse it with isopropanol to avoid any residues on your sample.

[@joebloggs3116]

Big yes please to doing the neuron - computer slides. More of that content would rock my world.

[@James66344]

I would love a cortical stack from Altered Carbon, it's my favourite show. Just imagine a solid chunk of steel with some fibre optics inside, changing from red to blue depending on what the time or weather is going to be like.

[@barongerhardt]

If you haven't, I would highly recommend the book.

[@ronnielopez295]

It truly blows my mind how smart you are. You are a literal wizard

[@Time-cc2qb]

True

[@_Hanover_]

"and a fusion reactor." And this was the last video we ever saw from Thought Emporium.

[@2crzy4uall]

Just watching the first minute, those parts you created are beautiful. Insanely proffessional.

[@The_Keeper]

You just casually mention that you're planning on building an Ion-drive and a Fusion Reactor... Man, that is pretty ambitious. Next you'll be telling us that you're going to build a capsule to house them both, and will be setting off for the Kuiper belt in search of exotic materials.

[@WanderTheNomad]

By "setting off" you mean "sending an autonomous drone" right?

[@AlChemicalLife]

This is kind of how TBC's ( Thermal Barrier Coatings ) are applied to the parts I make in the aerospace industry. Pretty cool to see this on a desktop scale ! Awesome !

[@edilsonlima5985]

One day I will do one sputtering like this. I love this machine. I will do LCDs monochromatic with the mine. I'm buying the things slowly.

[@fencserx9423]

“The key to science is to hold a good GRUDGE” Love that

[@parthpatel21007]

Finally. You posted. Having my masters in biotechnology your videos are just too addictive for me. Hope I can join with you to do some cool exps.

[@coyotedomino]

i genuinely think you’re one of the coolest people i know of, this project is awesome as hell

[@lexscarlet]

"growing some diamond." You're a girl's best friend's best friend.

[@pandoratheclay]

Nuke Diamonds that power pacemakers can be a thing and people are trying to make it a thing

[@gabrielcastro8109]

i work with galvanization and seeing this made the possibilities blow inside my mind. incredible execution of the project, beautiful work.

[@gabrielcastro8109]

i wonder if it can be used to build up a base layer for plating nonconductive materials.

[@Enfeet]

Awesome! Thanks. Waiting for the fusion reactor ;-)

[@davidneedham6330]

I never get tired of these videos despite not having much of a clue on how you guys do it.

[@jbrownson]

I'd love to see you make an OLED, awesome project, thanks!

[@beskamir5977]

Always nice to see someone else had the same thought I did when watching his video. Also here's an OLED video which I thought was really interesting and I learned a lot from and if you haven't seen it yet I think you'll like it kzbin.info/www/bejne/p5iboYCLmZKnic0

[@person9513]

your literally the perfect youtuber for me, science, cooking, anime, art! Awesome job dude

[@deltachange6204]

Without smoothing capacitors on the outputs of the rectifier you're getting very dirty DC with lots of variability.

[@EbbDrop]

He is making metal flower. I think he is fine

[@deltachange6204]

@@EbbDrop it was an informative comment in case he cares about having smooth DC. In no way does it detract from his accomplishments.

[@KohuGaly]

I don't think the smoothness of the DC matters at all in this case. The sputtering device already is basically a giant capacitor. It uses the strong electric field between its plates to ionize the thin argon gas. The DC source is there just to keep it charged (AC would periodically charge and discharge it, with is counterproductive).

[@Basement-Science]

@@deltachange6204 To sustain a plasma, you'd actually want to minimize the capacitance at the output. Instead you want a constant current, or in this particular case maybe constant power control would be ideal. So the thing to add here would be a _huge (because he uses a low frequency transformer)_ inductor in series with the DC side.

[@deltachange6204]

@@Basement-Science aw that makes sense. It wasn't clear if the energy was being used straight off the rectifier or if it was regulated for other functions(guages, sensors, etc.) since he said nice DC wanted to make sure it was not supposed to be smoothed

[@sethb196]

I know this video is a year old, but this is the first time I've seen this channel, and it is super interesting and well done. I don't often subscribe after one video, so there's that, for whatever it's worth. Looking forward to having discovered this amazing channel!

[@A_Casual_NPC]

This is a genuine question I like to have answered; Since edible gold leaves are a thing, could this machine be used to coat food and then have it safe to be eaten? As a chef that would be dope as fuck

[@kythosyer]

Due to golds nature, I believe you'd be able to do that! Gold is very chemically inert, thus biologically inert as well, so a light coating on food would work, though only certain(dry) foods would work. As a matter of fact, edible gold is legitimate gold, just extremely pure as to abide by the EU and US food standards.

[@davidrajchman7162]

you cannot have any moisture in the stuff you are coating, so it would be hard to freeze dry and then add moisture back to your dishes, but it would not be imposible

[@colefesler2880]

Every time I watch one of your videos I get "Adult Dexter's Laboratory" vibes incredibly hard. The variety of projects and technology you show is incredible, and I cannot wait for "I grow a human brain to pass me butter" to be a real video title.

[@TheBassiist]

"nice DC voltage" hopefully there is some smoothing caps somewhere in the circuit as well! :)

[@deathpony698]

I don't think that a magnetron cares as long as the current isn't backwards. microwave ovens usually only have one diode

[@arnaudmenard5114]

Being a certified machinist who's terrible at CNC, that project had me drooling! I would have loved to work on it.

[@Gr3asedLightn1ng]

I worked on a DC magnetron system in college! love to see videos like this.

[@SERVOPUNK]

Holy cow what a project. I'm absolutely blown away.

[@Mycobob]

Bro if Medhi from electro boom doesn’t go crazy over your full bridge rectifier idk who will… great build! Can’t wait to see all the cool stuff you make!

[@nathandriel6437]

1) how often can you use a sheet of a coating material? 2) what is the thermal evaporation system for? 3) when you explain i.e. explaining the different parts something is made of, showing the part and a picture of the thing at whole (like at13:14) , could you include an arrow (or something like it) in the picture of the whole thing showing where the single part is build in? (this would ease understanding)

[@QueueTheRandom]

Great video, I have a few recommendations based on working with industrial pvd coaters: Try to add a bias current to the holder of your sample, there are many papers about this and is standard in the industry, it helps attract the ionized species in the plasma Also, you might want to get more even cooling since there are some cracks in your samples Now, for your next project I cannot recommend enough to add 2 cathodes, this allows for the deposition of composite materials and based on the power supply you use, you can arrange both of the cathodes to work together to pulse the plasma. HPPMS is what this kind of MS is called and just multiplies the possibilities of what you can do !! Then again, these are standard industrial solutions so I’m not sure how to adapt them to a small set up like yours

[@grey1185]

I recently got a job so i plan to buy a lathe and mill soon. Your videos have inspired me to try myself in these types of projects

[@philip2.2.12]

10:07 at my workplace we do what is called a Hydrogen Etch as part of the process. Basically the coating machine cleans the substrate one last time using ionised hydrogen. But we do only work with metal substrate, so I’m not sure if it would work for you

[@sreal-iron5898]

TTE doesnt always drop, but when he does, my heart fills with joy iam super excited for the fusion reactor

[@jaredmallard9986]

I come back to this video regularly and everytime I wish I had the time/budget/space to build this wizardry machine. I have tons of ideas I want to test with it

[@TheOpticalFreak]

Cool! 😃 Great new set up! 👍 I used to do some coating work my self in the lab! And when we made aluminium surface mirrors we closed them off with a final silica or quarts coating to stop them from oxidizing! It was always cool to see that the fresh mirrors looked pink when they came out of the vapor deposition dome, but slowly turned completely silver colored again! 😉 Also, try not to use silver for your neuron project!! Because silver can actually be slightly toxic!! Using gold or platinum is fine! But always make sure to completely sterilize your chips, neurons are extremely sensitive!! I recommend an UV-C quart's TL tube lamp sterling oven you can easily make one for your self, and the ozone also helps with killing germs! But it's bad for plastic's! And mace shure the glue's and plastics you are using are biocompatible!! 😁👍 Good luck😉

[@Shad0wBoxxer]

i am so glad you revisitid this, the old nuron vid was good

[@sweerpotato6889]

THATS WHAT SPUTTERING TARGETS ARE FOR ive wondered this for about 2 years now and it all makes sense now

[@sap5140]

Just saw the thumbnail and clicked the video, if this thing turns other stuff like flowers and metal sheets into gold, I want it even if it takes gold to operate. I don’t know how you made this but it is actually like magic.

[@sednevid7964]

Yooo, this is exactly what my 2nd year internship was spent working on. The timing of this video is mad.

[@wdfkTV8555]

Thank you for bringing to my attention, yet another interest that I will never be able to pursue. Physics, engineering, music and music performance, horticulture, medicine (well I did pursue this one & was actually quite successful with), marine biology... again & most a sincere thank you! Your skills are outstanding.

[@oscarishino5883]

Are you going to go with the ICF type of reactor? -I'm assuming so, as they should be easier to build than a tokamak. If you use tritium/deuterium pellets I suggest using 0.1mg of heavy elements which will function as the "core". The heavy elements will gravitate toward the center of the sphere, which after the fusion reaction occurs, the pellets will remain in a high temperature and high pressure state. This will help maintain the temperature of the plasma as well as its directed pressure at the center of the sphere. Since the pressure is kept at a constant, the pellet will not immediately undergo omnidirectional-fusion. A portion of plasma energy on the surface will be released to the surrounding reaction chamber, which maintains a balance between the two entities. The pellet will neither expand nor shrink and the fuel of the pellets will be squeezed to the surface in moderate amounts to further the reaction process, making the reaction more durable and stable.-

[@falxie_]

This channel always impresses me, I don't know how you keep coming up with new things to make/do

[@zippythinginvention]

I'm impressed by the great work and the fact that it's a means to a bigger plan. I'm also tremendously stoked for you, that you've gathered such great partners to help you make this all come true! Congratulations.

[@OddJobEntertainment]

absolutely amazing. I am always blown away by the projects on this channel.

[@thecrazy8888]

Can't wait to see what you two will come up with next!

[@Vatsek]

You need to replace teflon tubes inside the belljar with nice stainless steel tubes. Will last way longer, and you can avoid getting water flowing into the hot diffusion pump in case one of those tubes cracks. And consider getting a turbomolecular pump, it's way cleaner.

[@Lasersplitter]

Nice project, It really shows how far this channel has come. If you can get layers thin and homogenous enough, I'd recommend trying to make a Giant Magnetoresistance or Tunnel Magnetoresistance device with it.

[@ArtamisBot]

This is amazing! I can't wait to see the neuron project get another go. I hope you manage to build that butter robot, it would be quite the achievement.

[@wayneoldale1432]

best channel on youtube. keep up the good work. love the new workshop/lab

[@KnightMirkoYo]

I'm sooo loking forward to you giving the human neuron project a proper shot with this new machine and photorezist. Best of luck with that!

[@Tomahawkist_]

6:02 very nice to see actual scientists reading dr. stone and referencing it, you truly are cultured

[@dtiydr]

5:18 That blower fan seem to be way to strong for that small diffusion pump and cool it down to much which could make is under perform and also take a heck of a time to heat up to temperature. A tip is also to have any fan turned of and only go on when the temperature of the surface is little under the working temperature so will it heat up more quickly. But with the right fan its not really necessary.

[@CorporalCactus-fs8ns]

Ben from Applied Science DEFINITELY has notifications turned on for this channel!

[@Justin-dv7ul]

OMG FINALLY NEW VIDEO BEEN CHECKING EVERYDAY FOR THIS VIDEO.

[@maxk5065]

that project is crazy good but using it to grow neurons againg is where you got me really interested, this is going to be real magic !!

[@momcilomilosavljevic3281]

You could add a valve between the diffusion pump and the chamber, so it can be closed off whenever you are not using it and that you don't have to wait for the diffusion pump to cool down. Saved me a lot of time.

[@Kitten-Master]

Very much Looking forward to seeing what you end up doing with the neuron project

[@chloesibilla8199]

The work you put into your videos are astrounding

[@eurybaric]

Maaan I kept on exiting fullscreen to "like" it and then realize I've already did! Fuuuuucking awesome as usual :D

[@jimalbi]

Man, your projects are SO COOL!

[@c01nthi3f5]

Great work 👍 awesome to see a creator and a builder that is providing open sources when possible