This star almost broke Bohr's atomic model

[@bernardkealey6449]

Even when I can’t follow the maths, I’m entranced by your storytelling. Fantastic telling of the Harvard Computers

[@jkzero]

Thanks, I am glad that the math does not deter from enjoying a good scientific story. The Harvard Computers deserve more credit.

[@yasirpanezai5690]

U cant understand the maths because it doesn't exist

[@baranzenovich]

​@@yasirpanezai5690 Unlike "palestine", the math exists, Yasser

[@dziban303]

that's unfortunate, the math is just super basic algebra one learns in like 7th grade

[@clorox9432]

these replies are the worst

[@tiberiui4027]

this is the best series of videos on KZbin :) keep up the good work!

[@jkzero]

Thanks, I am glad you are enjoying the content. More coming soon.

[@tiberiui4027]

@@jkzero Thanks, waiting for the upcoming episodes!

[@uhigreuho]

Watching you, I feel like being lost in the pages of a brilliant book. Every video of yours neatly chains with the previous weaving the tale of the great minds that shaped physics the way it is now. Your clear and concise narrative backed up by the mathematical point of view (which I deeply appreciate you showing) make up for a true gem of a channel. As a physics enthusiast (and future student) I find myself pondering over countless questions regarding how everything came to be the way it is. Unfortunately, my school did not focus on the history and motivation behind the physical concepts we learnt, but I stumbled upon your channel at the right time. I vividly remember seeing Planck's constant as a mystery and the hard journey I led myself into while trying to unveil its true nature (this journey also morphed into a school project). I managed understanding and the project turned out great (my high school teacher loved it) but still I felt like this is not everything. Some days passed and I stumbled upon your video about Black Body Radiation and Max Planck's trick of solving the issue and it was love at first sight. Your channel came like a divine hand and since discovering it, many of my questions where answered and I was exposed to so much more quality content you offered. Keep up the brilliant work man! You're the best and I can't wait to see more from you! (and also watch all the other videos from your channel)

[@jkzero]

Thanks you so much for your kind words and for taking the time to write such an extensive story. Thanks for the appreciation. A lot of my free time goes into researching, calculating, putting all together for a coherent and captivating story, and only then writing, recording, editing, and video production starts. I have really enjoyed this journey, I have read papers that I never read as a physics student, and discovered that so many of the stories in textbooks are misrepresentations of reality and that many fascinating stories never even made it to textbooks. Anyway, making these videos is a lot of effort but it is also a lot of fun. I am thrilled to have found an audience that values this kind of content.

[@azpcox]

Beautiful history and maths. It always amazes me that a mere 120 years ago, arguments erupted over what is commonly taught in grade school now. That the concepts learned eventually set up all the paths for these same grade schoolers to have phenomenal computers in their pockets today.

[@jkzero]

Thanks, I am glad you liked it. One of the great things about Bohr's atomic model is that, after the conceptual aspects of Bohr's rule are set in place, all the calculations only use high-school physics and math. This will be different with more advanced quantum mechanics, but it is refreshing to find and teach such a revolutionary ideas with simple math.

[@edoardocampanile2176]

Please never stop making this videos!!! Fantastic, FANTASTIC videos

[@jkzero]

thanks, I appreciate the encouragement; as long as there are viewers, I will keep making these

[@cmdrviitanen]

Truly an excellent series. Here's hoping you keep up the work!

[@jkzero]

Thanks so much for your generous support

[@artemgorodilov2696]

Brilliant. Magnificent job dude!

[@jkzero]

Thanks, glad you liked it.

[@AbideByReason]

Hands down the best channel for learning about the history of quantum theory.

[@arjunsigdel8070]

great video, like always

[@jkzero]

Thanks, glad you liked it.

[@benyomovod6904]

Excellent content

[@jkzero]

Thanks, glad you liked it.

[@I.amthatrealJuan]

Great storytelling, Dr. Diaz. You framed these concepts in a way that sounds so simple, digestible and intuitive. This channel I just found is a gem.

[@jkzero]

Thank you so much for your nice comment; I am glad that you find the content of value. I have attempted to create content beyond what I have seen out there and I appreciate that viewers have noticed the efforts behind. Thanks for watching, subscribing, and welcome to the channel.

[@x.0726]

Really interesting ! I am now waiting on how the next piece of the puzzle was solved by "Sommerfeld".

[@jkzero]

Sommerfeld was one of the greatest, too bad that his work is not that recognized. Probably his greatest contribution was training fantastic researchers like Heisenberg, Pauli, Bethe, Peierls, and a long list of other pioneers of 20th-century physics

[@jonathanbeeson8614]

Thanks!

[@jkzero]

Thanks so much for your generous support

[@t850]

...solution looks so trivial, but it takes a deep understanding of a problem to be able to see the solution hidden in plain sight. :D And that cliffhanger at the very end. How lucky was Bohr that Einstein was his contemporary. Without theory of relativity, his model would hit a wall...

[@jkzero]

If you look at it, the whole Bohr model is quite trivial, all the calculations require high-school physics and math. The conceptual jumps are really the heart of the model. When Sommerfeld decided to extend Bohr's model he got the need of advanced math and physics, but Sommerfeld was a great theoretical physicist so he managed with ease.

[@t850]

@@jkzero ...you're quite right. I persume that's because the models describes a very simple system of a single atom, unlike the the theories you've analized before that are dealing with a behaviour of a large groups of atoms...:)

[@jkzero]

@@t850 even with a single electron, which is what Sommerfeld explored, the math and physics can get quite complicated

[@t850]

@@jkzero ...if you are talking about application of Einstein's field equations to a moving electron than I persume it's quite messy...:D

[@jkzero]

@@t850 @t850 oh no, Einstein's field equations didn't exist when Sommerfeld did his extension of Bohr's model, I was just referring to special relativity, still math gets messy

[@sphakamisozondi]

I appreciate that you, sir, enumerate every individual who has contributed to a scientific topic, regardless of its size or significance. Also, by highlighting the timeliness and relationships among these contributors, you paint a comprehensive picture of how theories and discoveries came to be.

[@jkzero]

Thanks, I am glad that you like the style. I find that textbooks and general stories focus only on the genius hero who solved the problem, but they forget that nothing of that would have happened without experiments and dedicated scientists whose named are nowhere to be found in popular stories.

[@Steeyuv]

That photograph of a Solvay conference at the end - what an absolute powerhouse of physics talent!

[@jkzero]

True, I think the First and Fifth Solvay conferences deserve their own video, it is in the pipeline

[@Schraiber]

Great story telling here! Loved the way you set up the suspense. Also, multiplying by 1 is one of my favorite tricks. I do it all the time, glad to know its rich history!

[@jkzero]

Thanks, I am glad you liked the video. In case you haven't, make sure to check the currently running series on quantum physics kzbin.info/aero/PL_UV-wQj1lvVxch-RPQIUOHX88eeNGzVH

[@cewkins721]

This series is awesome, i can see there was a lot of challenges for bohr model but eventually it will lead to the accepted model we have today, we are eventually going to get Schrodinger involved right? Also at 7:12 shouldn't the quantized angular momentum be multiplied by h-bar or am i missing something?

[@jkzero]

you are right, a bit of abuse of language, I said "angular momentum" I should have said "generalized angular momentum" (J), also called the angular action. You are correct, Bohr's rule for angular momentum l = nℏ

[@cewkins721]

@@jkzero Oh i see, the other one is denoted by 'H' or 'L', its no big deal though. Great content as usual!

[@RashadSaleh92]

So glad I found this channel and I can’t even remember how. Keep them coming please!

[@jkzero]

I am glad you like the content and thanks for watching

[@569139]

Great Video, love the way you present the complex data so that the average person can understand and enjoy!!

[@jkzero]

Thanks for watching and for your kind message. I have always loved teaching and this channel started one year ago as a way to share the many stories in my head. I noticed that a large audience is eager to hear stories but also see some of the math, so this is the approach that I follow, I put together a captivating story for historical context, and then include some of the actual calculations that the protagonists did. My goal is to take the view in a journey of discovery and given the response from viewers, this has been well received, even by people who don't follow the math.

[@backwashjoe7864]

Bohr's save of re-indexing the series looks like the trick in a clever math video. I can imagine that being old hat to the physicists and mathematicians of his day. :)

[@gametimewitharyan6665]

I have a test tomorrow but as soon as I saw that you uploaded I came to watch how Bohr saved his model, and I noticed the tradition of not mentioning units in old published papers by the authors still continues :P

[@jkzero]

Please focus on your test, I hope to nail it. Yeah, I have complained a few times about the lack of units in old scientific publications. I guess they thought "if you know what I am writing about, then you will figure the units yourself," which fortunately is not how we write papers today. This makes reading those old papers extra cumbersome.

[@gametimewitharyan6665]

@@jkzero I respect your concern, and I am watching lectures for my test on KZbin rn too, but I can surely spare 11min of my preparation time for such high quality videos And about the units, I can't understand why any physicists would think that not mentioning units would be the standard, it can easily jumble up the order of magnitudes of quantities

[@jkzero]

@@gametimewitharyan6665 I guess in other times they had different standards, they all also used different symbols for the same variable so reading old papers is a mess, you see "tau" and you have no idea what the mean by that. For instance, Bohr didn't use n1 or n2 for the index denoting the electronic states, he used tau1 and tau2. And then ,all authors would use different notation, Sommerfeld used n and m. All the best in the test!

[@gametimewitharyan6665]

@@jkzero Lack of standardised rules and conventions really was a mess Also thanks :D

[@GeoffryGifari]

Hmmm this required the Helium in the star to be ionized right? Were there extra lines corresponding to excited but unionized Helium with with 2 electrons? I know that multi-electron atom is a more complicated problem

[@GeoffryGifari]

Or maybe the star is too hot for this?

[@chillphil967]

@@GeoffryGifari🔥

[@jkzero]

@@chillphil967 @GeoffryGifari with over 40,000K you can be sure of highly ionized Helium. Zeta Puppis has its own Wikipedia entry with more details en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Zeta_Puppis

[@inyobill]

11:57: at the age of 45, just heart-breaking, apparently of Pleurisy.

[@jkzero]

his legacy lives cdsarc.u-strasbg.fr/viz-bin/Cat?III/135A#/article

[@abrikos1100]

End sounds like a teaser for spin :)

[@jkzero]

Spin is coming, but other interesting developments took place before spin finally solved many unsolved problems of the time

[@abrikos1100]

@@jkzero Interesting)

[@supreetsahu1964]

Amazing and hilarious story 😂 stoked for next vid 👍👍

[@jkzero]

great to have you back; more coming soon

[@m.streicher8286]

just after i binged the whole channel

[@jkzero]

wow, great to read that the content is being binged. I appreciate that. Any favorite topic so far?

[@leon1111er3]

Good video

[@pedronobre3898]

Nice little visualization of the atomic levels at the end! I envy the aesthetic you built for your videos

[@jkzero]

Thanks for the appreciation, I spent way too many hours creating the visualization of the electronic transitions.

[@chiniwarsp]

Woww nice explanation.!!

[@jkzero]

Glad you liked it; I hope you check the whole video series on quantum mechanics

[@chiniwarsp]

I have watched all your physic videos. And I really liked the way you brought mathematics and history into your physics videos, especially like you did in 'Critical Mass.' I hope you will make a part-b video explaining the fine structure using quantum electrodynamics (self-energy).

[@jkzero]

@@chiniwarsp I cannot guarantee to be able to fulfill all the requests but I always open to collecting suggestions, thanks.

[@cpi23]

these are so good

[@georgekomarov4140]

Thanks! Now I'm curious, aren't "sharp, principal, and diffuse series" in any way related to the nomenclature of s-, p-, and d-orbitals?

[@jkzero]

Really good catch, you are on the right track: the names sharp, principal, and diffuse series were originally introduced for the spectra of certain metals. The names were later borrowed in a more general form for spectroscopy but as it is always the case with nomenclature, exceptions appeared and any logic behind got lost. In any case, there were four series: sharp, principal, diffuse , and fundamental; from here we inherited the s, p, d, f names for the electronic orbitals used to this day.

[@georgekomarov4140]

@@jkzero thank you for the explanation!

[@MrFly-r2n]

Verygood

[@oblivion73]

interesting

[@Sep-n7w]

Nice cliffhanger at the end. 😂

[@jkzero]

I like to drop those at the end, I have done it in several videos opening the door to follow-up stories

[@philbudne2095]

It stretched the model!

[@wk8219]

I think I only got about half of this if I'm lucky. But I got enough to find this really fascinating. Thx or a great video and a fantastic story.

[@jkzero]

Glad you enjoyed it! I include some math because many viewers really want to see what these famous scientists actually did, but I am glad that the math does not deter interested viewers on following the stories, the historical context, and the consequences of these great discoveries. I really appreciate your kind message, it is very encouraging.

[@98danielray]

with a little change of variables, it could become a full understanding

[@DrDeuteron]

Can you imagine being the 1st person to the Orion Nebula? Dude quit his job over it!

[@jkzero]

Not my favorite nebula, but yeah, Orion Nebula is pretty cool. Dude just dropped the mic at his job.

[@huailiulin]

1h

[@amritpatel3794]

Europe was the Center of Scientific Enlightenment. What a great Minds. Each and every one was a White !!!