Thorium Advocate Nuclear Tour of Oak Ridge National Laboratory

ThoriumRemix.com/ This footage was collected for an documentary on Thorium. The narrative-style documentary is now available for viewing, but many moments at ORNL can only be seen in this dedicated video.
Thorium advocate Kirk Sorensen, Kirk Dorius & Baroness Bryony Worthington tour ORNL's nuclear facilities including the MSRE (Molten Salt Reactor Experiment).
Molten Salt Reactors, Fluoride Salt Cooled High Temperature Reactors, Small Modular Reactors and Advanced High Temperature Reactors are discussed. ORNL's salt loop is presented.
Thom Mason (Oak Ridge National Laboratory Director), Kevin Robb (Thermal Hydraulics & Irradiation Engineering), Douglas Kothe (CASL Director & Director of Science at Oak Ridge Leadership Computing Facility), David Holcomb (ORNL & DoE FHR Technical Lead), Jess Gehin (Reactor Technology R&D Integration Lead), Kelly Beierschmitt (Associate Lab Director of Neutron Sciences), Mark Hagen (Neutron Data Analysis Group Leader), Steve Burnette (High Flux Isotope Reactor Plant Manager), Jeffrey Binder (ORNL Nuclear Science & Engineering Associate Laboratory Director) and Gene Muggridge (Molten Salt Reactor Experiment Facility Manager) give an in-depth look at the state of past and future nuclear research at Oak Ridge National Labs.
This video is released by Gordon McDowell under a Creative Commons Share-Alike License. creativecommons...

[@johnwerner4925]

This stuff fascinates me and I'm 59-years old and wasn't too moved by science in my later years of school and college probably due to lack of direction and maturity. These ORNL guys are brilliant. They're working in a science environment hamstrung with lots of politics which isn't necessarily a compatible marriage yet it's the framework which things are held. I now realize by reading and watching we probably went down a path over 50-years ago with light water reactors that while effectively producing energy came at a very high cost of dealing with potential catastrophes and that monumental terrible waste product storage issue if everything else goes well. It's far from a good and eloquent situation in which the nuclear power plants must navigate. These guys are working on future solutions to move past the worst of these it seems and I'm fascinated. Fission seems like the only thing that actually works on a scale usable, but I'm more convinced that fusion is the ultimate "gold ring" that upsettingly appears to truly still be "30-years off". But I digress, fusion really isn't the topic here. I'm looking for more good articles and videos on both fission and fusion if anyone has suggestions.

[@gordonmcdowell]

John if you want to waste a day: kzbin.info/www/bejne/aKCuZ4Wpa955qa8 ...or an hour: kzbin.info/www/bejne/mWjFkoearq2pbsk

[@perrydavis5433]

I would be way into working here. These videos have influenced me to study nuclear physics

[@TheOuroborosWyrm]

The presentation, abolut an hour in, is the most optimistic assessment I've seen for Molten Salt, and thus fission, technology yet! The fact that it's the ORNL guys saying it, gives me a lot more confidence. I like what they have to say about their regulatory approach, and an evolutionary approach in general. With all due respect, it's nice hear someone other than Kirk being positive about MSR. Come for the Thorium stay for the Molten Salt!

[@gordonmcdowell]

Ronald, thanks. I do have a campaign running right now. I'll update the video description so it includes a URL. Searching for "thorium" on Kickstarter will show it. I have already fundraised on Kickstarter and this ORNL Tour is a direct result of a the original campaign. I'm working on the doc right now (literally paused to check email).

[@liammstacey4681]

A reactor with out pumps or pipes to controle heat: shape the reaction chamber so that it can be rotated along a horizontal axis so that gravity pulls fisible materials from a bowl shaped concentrating surface to a flatter surface that will reduce probability of chain reaction. Fisible material could be pebble in a salt solution, or salt salt if there were two salts that separated by weight.

[@vincenemo2902]

Thank you for this interesting and informative video. It answered a lot of questions about the current state and progress of MSRs and Thorium technologies, and, explained a lot of the political hindrances and motivations of Thorium energy. It was also interesting to see some of the facilities of ORNL. I once toured some of the same facilities in the early 80's shown in this video. It was great to see see the progress and expansion that's taken place there.

[@englandx]

Great video and the level of detail contained is awesome! The quality of the subject matter, the video and audio is great. Thanks much for this.

[@JosephStern]

Thanks for all the hard work, Gordon. Keep it up.

[@delphidelion]

I want to thumbs this up with both hands!

[@eclipsenow5431]

Ha! I love the fact that you used OpenSource software to video all this. Some of the facial close ups are a *little* close for my taste, but the information is all good (if somewhat scattered and not introduced... I have a big picture brain, and love it when all the little bits are slotted neatly into a larger framework narrative.)

[@delphidelion]

Thank you, Gordon and Kirk. You guys are really a driving force and I really believe that the documentary may end up being a turning point once finished.

[@MalcolmAkner]

Gordon, thank you so much for all of this material on the Th-MSR. I've known about this for a couple of years now through Kirk, but seeing all of this material condensed, and with your commentary added is just pure gold, thank you again! I'm an Aerospace Engineer about to finish my degree, and I really want to work with this technology. Where would you suggest I turn? Who should I talk to? I live in Sweden but I have double citizenship in the U.S. as well, moving there is definitely doable at my position in life.

[@rickjamse7498]

Malcolm Akner I’m no expert but it seems like the US might be the worst place to move if you want to work specifically with molten salts. Canada has much more progressive legislation concerning regulations and experimentation, and I wouldn’t hesitate to guess that China is the current world leader in MSR technology but they don’t exactly share that information with the rest of the world

[@johnkutsch7609]

Hey Gordon, replace all those grey blocks with Thorium Energy Alliance Logos! ; ) Great record.

[@SergioTunes2024]

You can learn much watching this video. Very nice and well done.

[@andrewlambert7246]

I like that lady! She is a real lady.

[@suchdevelopments]

Thank you for the video. With the advancement of metal printed of the component. How would print technology benefit the making of printing components for the containment vessel?

[@PaulHigginbothamSr]

After a few years studying the waste problem I have become more certain our current swimming pools full of waste is NOT a waste but can initiate the change to a thorium fuel cycle and every coal plant now running should as quickly as possible be switched to thorium molten salt reactors. The escape of tritium if not captured immediately with fluoride salt can not only be a fusion catalyst but must be completely controlled and could be in my mind the only inhibition to molten salt. This video shows the importance of strict controls on our most advanced technology. I believe the autism spike now occurring probably has to do with Mercury contamination so coal must be not used in our future as it's radon gas emission and other contaminates may be our end if we do not immediately move to molten salt thorium reactors.

[@LFTRnow]

1:44:01 More people need to hear about lutetium and some of the other amazing things HFIR at Oak Ridge is doing.

[@gordonmcdowell]

I think they're quite good up to 72:00 then it is auto-caption data. Bret ( of LFTR now dot com ) who's been working very hard thru the timeline transcribing the proper captions, so that we have captions at all. He does this not just so the video is more accessible, but so I can search for key phrases when I'm trying to locate topical information or track down some dialog I remember. He helps out when he can, and saves me from worrying about doing it myself.

[@HighDefinitionVideo]

Super informative! Thank you

[@upforlastnameleft]

I find it more than a little ironic that Baroness Bryony should be present, a UK MP, as politicians have closed down 99% of the UK Nuclear Industry. Britain's Oakridge, based in Risley UK is now a sorry shell inhabited by relatively low tech non-nuclear companies. We used to lead in almost every field, we did a lot of research into Thorium, but not a dedicated reactor. Now we have nothing.

[@BeCurieUs]

I just had a sciencegazm, thanks for the amazing video

[@RurickTheGreat]

So what do you think on MIT persuing Gas Cooled Fast Reactor and the Very High Temperature Reactor (pebble bed) designs.

[@originalname1337]

I assume it's hiding ID cards, considering they're likely used for security clearance within the labs themselves. Publicly posting something used for security clearance in a nuclear lab would be...problematic.

[@thespacecowboy420]

FROZEN CAKE IS LIKE ICE CREAM THAT MELTS INTO CAKE

[@jmitterii2]

Thanks. I watched it. I just don't really want to move away LOL! Today, I realized why our electorate do things in such opposite ways after seeing 44% think the debt ceiling shouldn't be raised this fall. I'm hoping its just hot air about the budget itself. Because I doubt they realize not raising it would mean:Possible loss job, higher personal loan repayments, very least losing wages, and certainly taxes would have to increase to pay the interest on the deficit as US credit rating dived.

[@pyrrho314]

this is awesome, thanks

[@claytonmccormick7506]

if you sell the cost of sequestration that will need to be spent as legitimately part of the budget to build liquid salt burners then there is nothing cheaper you can do!

[@ErikPukinskis]

Starts at 18:05

[@gordonmcdowell]

They're electronic but I still think it is wise for them to not want visuals of cards propagated to help protect against social engineering. At one point in time I did try read a name from a far-away card, and used a bunch of tools to interpolate between frames and combine frames (motion being automatically compensated for). Wasn't able to read anything I couldn't already read by watching the original (post-production-zoomed) footage. Am sure it is possible but less off-the-shelf than expected.

[@switchstarboard]

What's with the random blocks? Some kind of tracking? Hiding ID cards?

[@diaflux]

Marvellous safety.

[@pebre79]

Wait. They still do MSR research at ORNL?? I thought that was not the case.

[@torchlord11]

It seems they were at the time of this video, but instead their experiment was using salt cooled pebbles system. I wonder how that is going, or went.

[@jamestyrer907]

Sadly, we have to consider that great obstacle of licensing by the NRC. The Fort St. Vrain Prototype was licensed, built and commercially operated. It was Helium gas cooled and used high burn up Thorium TRISO fuel elements. I presume that more of these could be built with the single major change from steam powered Helium circulators to electric motors without long licensing delays. How many years did it take for the Westinghouse AP1000 reactor to finally gain approval by the NRC. Gaining approval for a totally new technology sounds almost hopeless.

[@ronilotagyab6788]

the greatest obstacle to cheap energy from advance reactors and devices is that it make poor country rich and therefore the present rich nations who control the economics cannot anymore enslave citizens from those poor countries. In short they don't want to lose their present elite status. where will you be in the afterworld with this attitude.

[@soteriology1012]

@13:56 WHAT?!!! That makes no sense @ all. Cheaper to get U235 out of the ground than to REPROCESS a pellet that still has burned up only 1%-2% of it's fuel? So therefore we have a pellet that is 98% U235 & 2% wastes and then to strip it out of it's jacket & refine the uranium with chemically like any inorganic chemistry major can do costs more than to take the natural uranium ore out of the ground refine it chemically and by heat, then take it turn it into UF6 spin it in a centrifuge to separate the U238 from the U235 then chemically strip the fluorine from it then.stick it into a new jacket? Is this just totally nutz or whatz?

[@MatthewHolevinski]

I'm going back through old videos trying to find a quote, I was thinking it was an ORNL mercury spallation tour someone was mentioning how abundant the H3 was and how you would never actually *need* to goto the moon or anything like that to acquire it cheaply. Anybody know which video I'm trying to find?

[@gordonmcdowell]

That does not ring any bells with me. Will keep in mind and let you know if ever spot.

[@gordonmcdowell]

At 57:04 seems related but does not seem to be the quote you are looking for.

[@MatthewHolevinski]

@@gordonmcdowell Thanks buddy, I'll keep looking, I thought maybe it was Kirk but it's been a few years. I remember it was someone I think touring ORNL (i think) and they were going over their neutron source experiments.

[@MatthewHolevinski]

@@gordonmcdowell Yep that appears to be directly related, but I remember a video from somewhere, where someone was at the ORNL SNS(?) experiment and speaking directly about how much tritium and eventually He3 was created. Awesome thank you Gordon.

[@torchlord11]

I recalled seeing that talked about in this video. I attempted to find it via the transcript option next to the like, Dislike, Share, Save, click three dots to find it hidden, but for some reason the transcript ends at 1 hour 19 or so minutes and had to stop and do fast forwards till I got to the section i recalled seeing. It was brief but maybe this is it. kzbin.info/www/bejne/bpmkaYlurppleK8

[@jmitterii2]

Right now our Fed budget is insane in priorities.Earlier this year March gave Egypt $250 million in funding to entice Egypt to take out an IMF 4 bill loan.$190 million of that $250 was already given and approved by congress in March. June $1.3 billion in military aid.Considering current events huge waste of money. Yet we can't fund Air Traffic Control with a shortfall of $649 million. If our officials refuse to fund our normal infrastructures I have no hope for anything extra.

[@MeLoonn]

1:11 wtf are those black boxes for ?

[@SorinSilaghi]

security badges

[@Veldtian1]

I was wondering Gordon, wouldn't all these 'heavy' nuclear particles just sink into ocean sediments and be naturally sequestered forever..?

[@GordonMcDowellPublic]

Sounds plausible. I understand they used to dispose of nuclear waste by dumping it in ocean. Don't know if they were carefully targeting optimal locations for that, or how the waste was being contained (surely not just a bunch of rods?). And I certainly don't know if that was a good idea or not. It isn't the type of solution I'd want to propose... even if deep-see disposal ought to work, I'd still rather see it segregated and recycled as much as possible. If we just kept dumping nuclear waste since start of civilian power, that's a lot of wasted energy in form of unspent uranium we'd have lost forever. Ocean dumping is the least-undoable solution should we change our minds later.

[@Veldtian1]

Gordon McDowell Sorry I should've mentioned the context of my question in relation to Fukishima and the way overblown popular assessment that the Pacific ocean has gone kaput because of material leaking from it. You are of course absolutely right in your reply and I would like to take this opportunity to laud your skillful efforts in compiling these invaluable, extremely well produced punchy documentaries on what is at it's heart and above all THE most important issue facing humanity, something that's destined to be epochal in its nature and I'm sure lead to outrageously positive but currently incomprehensible shifts in the structure of our civilization (we really are due). Thank you so much for radicalizing me, HAIL Th !!! (and especially Bi 213)

[@jaucksnoa]

Dependence of foreign energy is a national defense issue. TEA would have to convince the DOD that these foreign countries can be controlled in non-energy (manufactured)dependence ways before MSRs gets any public funding.The safety profiles of MSRs are too good and without the ancillary benefit of proliferation and fear mongering of the public, MSR research and implementation will likely start in a smaller more willing country.Also,the first hour of dialogue between them was hilariously awkward.

[@grraab2000]

It is really too bad. Kirk is his own worst enemy. I can see why he does not have funding, while others are getting it. Yet, I think that he should be able to get some.

[@CUBETechie]

So this is a breeding reactor I'm correct?

[@gordonmcdowell]

A 2-fluid Thorium reactor would be an iso-breeder, yes. Ideally the seed fissile would be U233.

[@MrApplewine]

1.6 Billion dollars a year !??! Wow, with that much money we could have had economical fusion energy using a-neutronic fusion decades ago ! Or, think how much money the government takes out of the market which could have been spent productively.

[@georgelamprecht8590]

Where can I download the Oak Ridge National Laboratory documents?

[@edschminke]

energyfromthorium.com/pdf/

[@georgelamprecht8590]

Thanks Erik.

[@totoritko]

Yeah, let's hope cool (and smart) heads prevail. As for the debt ceiling, perhaps you could help by educating people on what the debt ceiling actually is and why not raising it is a *bad bad* idea: watch?v=KIbkoop4AYE

[@trebleboostboy]

all that soda.

[@switchstarboard]

Oh, it is badges. Derp. WOOT LFTR!?

[@MrApplewine]

Imagine spending that 16 trillion on anything productive. It boggles the mind what could have been done with it.

[@stoo234]

Sick how much public money gets spent sorting private business problems.money should be spent developing new more effective energy not patching up holes in private energy corps...welfare for the rich??one of many examples.keep going salty folks!

[@totoritko]

This always reminds of Neil DeGrasse Tyson's great answer to this question: watch?v=CAD25s53wmE (starts at 43:55).

[@Neojhun]

Problematic would be an understatement. More like Security Fail. Interesting people can do today is copy a oldschool tumble lock Key from a video. As long there is enough detail in the video and some scale information, people have copied keys from video. But this is ID cards which really should not matter if it is electronic based.

[@jgedutis]

2:01:53 I'm in love!

[@thekaiser4333]

Never mind the reactors. What are you doing about the nuclear waste that's already there? You can't just store it since no place on earth is safe for more than 100 to 200 years.

[@gordonmcdowell]

Well I'm glad an anti-nuke can acknowledge we are NOT talking about 100,000 years any more. But, seriously, if you can't fathom 200 years of safe storage for chemically segregated fission products (that is, fission products separated into whatever combinations made sense for their storage) then... I don't think you are very good at solving problems. For example: Every coal plant sits next to a mountain of mercury contaminated coal ash. Frequently heavy rains wash this toxic sludge into waterways. THAT is a storage problem. Because the energy density of coal as harvested via combustion is 1 MILLIONTH the energy density of nuclear fuel. And, stick with me here, the resulting waste volume is a MILLION times greater than that of the fission products. However hard you think it might be to store the fission products, is it a million times harder? Wouldn't you rather deal with a tiny volume of radioactive waste, than an entire mountain of less radioactive waste? (Because the coal-ash is still radioactive.) Coal power exposes people to MORE radioactive isotopes than nuclear power BECAUSE of the volume of the waste... coal ash is too voluminous to be dealt with safely. Not as you conjecturing about what-if regarding tiny quantities of fission products, but as repeated history of coal ash mountains sliding into rivers. Happens all the time. You should worry about that. You should worry about what exits a coal plant into the atmosphere. If you are worried about radioactive waste. www.scientificamerican.com/article/coal-ash-is-more-radioactive-than-nuclear-waste/

[@thekaiser4333]

@@gordonmcdowell - Well, we had two world wars here, including a Holocaust and a Total War in the last 100 years only. Not talking about the Iron Curtain and The Berlin Wall. If you are so good in problem solving, How would you have solved the problem of keeping a nuclear hell-hole safe here at all times under those conditions, smarty-pants? Moreover was I talking about site-security, not about half-life. So you are seriously claiming, that you from the perspective of the early 1800s, you with your name most likely being an Irish potato farmer out in the sticks, would have fathomed, forseen and globally regulated, the introduction of commercially available electricity, the invention of industrial warfare, the hydrogen bomb, the moon-landing and the internet??!! Are you trying to piss down my back and tell me it is raining?! Irishers... bloody unbelievable. I fathom America's future as follows: Towards the end of his third term, Trump will have his "Nero burns Rome Moment" and go like: "Nero was a cool guy. He got things done. Well, soon it all over with my Presidency... Let's have some fun. Let's burn America! ... with a dirty bomb made from our very good nuclear waste." I'd love to see, how you security-manage that!

[@gordonmcdowell]

@@thekaiser4333 I've engaged with folks on the subject of Global Warming and they do like to change the topic as soon as you try address a question they raise. So BEFORE you change the topic from safety of fission products storage to that of the safety of nuclear power plants during wartime, I'll address Safety-of-Fission-Product-Storage ... During-Wartime. Fission products have decay heat, and so long as decay heat is managed there's nothing unusual about storing them. Current spent fuel is stored in dry casks and is air cooled. Fission products could be stored similarly, but because there's no fuel rod cladding that must be kept cool the fission products (like the Molten Salt itself) can be allowed to get much hotter... it is the CONTAINER that we don't want to fail, because there's nothing that can fail when storing Fission Products... this is NOT cladded fuel rods. Take one of the most chemically reactive fission products, Cesium. That is something stored every day for industrial applications. sciencing.com/how-does-5509489-pure-cesium-stored.html Cesium Fission Products will generate their own heat, but that can be conducted through the steel or the glass they're stored in. Like a fanless CPU is cooled by conducting heat away onto a metal shaped to have an extremely large surface area, passive cooling of the Fission Product container would be simply ensuring there's a "heat-pipe" mechanism to conduct the heat away. If the surface area of the heat-pipe is large enough, then the heat can be dissipated into anything it touches (or blows across it) including rock. Now say it is wartime. Does Cesium in vitrified glass in a steel container, in underground storage, present an attractive target? Will blowing up the container in an attempt to expose the Cesium inside also result in the underground storage collapsing and trapping the Cesium underground? That sounds like a proposed storage solution I'm also in favor of too. Oh no! If EVERYTHING goes wrong the enemy created caesium hydroxide underground! Heavens. Because unlike coal, it isn't being shot up into the air for my kids to breathe. And unlike coal, it isn't being spilled into rivers to pollute our water supply. It is in a container. A tiny amount of waste, in a container. Becoming less radioactive over time, until the "problem" is GONE. Nice Trolling, BTW. Don't worry my reply isn't for your sake.

[@thekaiser4333]

@@gordonmcdowell - Pfffft! Stop dreaming and look up "Asse II mine" on wikipedia.

[@gordonmcdowell]

@@thekaiser4333 I'm sorry, your point? Here let me regurgitate what I said and feel free to dispute any point you can wrap your head around. I mean... YOU are citing a mine filled with drums? Drums? Does that sound like ANYTHING i was describing? I know it is hard to learn when you don't want to learn, but at least pretend. Here we go... I've engaged with folks on the subject of Global Warming and they do like to change the topic as soon as you try address a question they raise. So BEFORE you change the topic from safety of fission products storage to that of the safety of nuclear power plants during wartime, I'll address Safety-of-Fission-Product-Storage ... During-Wartime. Fission products have decay heat, and so long as decay heat is managed there's nothing unusual about storing them. Current spent fuel is stored in dry casks and is air cooled. Fission products could be stored similarly, but because there's no fuel rod cladding that must be kept cool the fission products (like the Molten Salt itself) can be allowed to get much hotter... it is the CONTAINER that we don't want to fail, because there's nothing that can fail when storing Fission Products... this is NOT cladded fuel rods. Take one of the most chemically reactive fission products, Cesium. That is something stored every day for industrial applications. sciencing.com/how-does-5509489-pure-cesium-stored.html Cesium Fission Products will generate their own heat, but that can be conducted through the steel or the glass they're stored in. Like a fanless CPU is cooled by conducting heat away onto a metal shaped to have an extremely large surface area, passive cooling of the Fission Product container would be simply ensuring there's a "heat-pipe" mechanism to conduct the heat away. If the surface area of the heat-pipe is large enough, then the heat can be dissipated into anything it touches (or blows across it) including rock. Now say it is wartime. Does Cesium in vitrified glass in a steel container, in underground storage, present an attractive target? Will blowing up the container in an attempt to expose the Cesium inside also result in the underground storage collapsing and trapping the Cesium underground? That sounds like a proposed storage solution I'm also in favor of too. Oh no! If EVERYTHING goes wrong the enemy created caesium hydroxide underground! Heavens. Because unlike coal, it isn't being shot up into the air for my kids to breathe. And unlike coal, it isn't being spilled into rivers to pollute our water supply. It is in a container. A tiny amount of waste, in a container. Becoming less radioactive over time, until the "problem" is GONE.

[@grraab2000]

He is running around knocking all other options. IOW, he is turning other camps into enemies. Instead, he should be pushing the idea that Thorium belongs as part of an energy matrix. If he would spend less time on knocking others, and focus on being part of the group, and esp. the fact that this can go into current locations and burn up the current fuel, as well as what is at Mountain Pass, he would gain supporters.

[@Neojhun]

Yeah, information to fuel social engineering. Visual printed information especially barcode & id codes are massive weak points. The best system I have seen nearly use no text or print on the cards except Photo of owner. They are also contact based, no RF distance capable reading. The encrypted card has to be read to verify access.

[@LadyTink]

weird camera behavior.

[@AlanMedsker]

An exaflop. Wow.

[@User0000000000000004]

Nerd.

[@un2mensch]

This 5gb monster must've taken some time to upload!

[@englandx]

I have some nice hardware and Software for producing videos. If you need help let me know how I can help? Have MacBook Pro and FInal Cut Pro, and a lot of other SW and HW. I am on your email list.

[@User0000000000000004]

Shut up.

[@stephenverchinski409]

BARONESS, why don't you fix your own country with better homes and commercial buildings? Reduce demand is a great alternative.

[@tintintintin232323]

Wow! Free energy!...and no waste? oh, wait, a by product that remains lethal for tens of thousands of years, and they don't even pretend to actually be disposing of it...what a bargain for the environment. Idiot murderers...and in a couple of generations there wont be anyone who knows how to operate the systems...Well done job...you guys will be remembered as heros for at least a dozen years.

[@gordonmcdowell]

Dean, when you say "a byproduct" which one and what's the quantity? I did edit a very nice video called... Andrew Yang on Thorium, Democratic Candidates on Nuclear ...which directly addresses your concern. Have a great day.

[@tintintintin232323]

@@gordonmcdowell sir, are you honestly saying that nuclear waste isn't a problem, any bi product in any amount? spare me.

[@gordonmcdowell]

@@tintintintin232323 It isn't a problem, and I explain why in the 2019 video I edited: Andrew Yang on Thorium, Democratic Candidates on Nuclear. It is pretty straight-forward, citing specific fission products. I asked you which FP you were referring to and you didn't specify. Nor did you give quantity. I give quantities. Take care.

[@tintintintin232323]

@@gordonmcdowell shove a radioactive something where the sun does not shine...nuclear energy is wrong.

[@gordonmcdowell]

@@tintintintin232323 Wrong, how? There's been natural nuclear reactors on Earth (Oklo). I'm watching Chernobyl now. Great show, but not what Western reactors are, and certainly nothing like what a nuclear reactor can be. Fission is like combustion. Don't like coal burning? Well hydrogen-fuel generates energy via combustion. Candles, coal, natural-gas, hydrogen it is all combustion. Similarly there's RBMK craziness, there's today's reactors, and there's Thorium Molten-Salt Reactors. All fission, all different.

[@Ivo--]

Get a tripod, geez. :P

[@User0000000000000004]

Why is that nerd wearing an earring? It looks so odd!

[@missywalker1223]

What year is it where you are? Are you CGI? AI? Are you stuck somewhere you need to ge6 out... God's men not able to move? No bodies?

[@litltoosee]

These guys at ORNL are trying to reinvent the baseball. I perceive no sense of urgency from them. I doubt ORNL's ability to produce timely, tangible results. The gentleman delivering the presentation is very knowledgeable, but seems to lack a sense of drive. Maybe it's my own ignorance, but I come away from ORNL's presentation with a clear sense of what they feel can not be accomplished, rather than what can. I so wish it was otherwise.

[@AquaTerraSys]

the subtitles are horrendous. Do you need an editor?

[@josephlandrut4154]

Nuclear reactors should be capable of producing plutonium because our nuclear weapon must b maintained to prevent a would be Dictator from taking over the world.When we build solidify reactors they should have built in safety features to make them as accident free as vehicles that travel in space. Every time we consider nuclear power we should make sure steam that produces electricity can be condensed into fresh drinking water for countries such as Australia.

[@theq4602]

to gordonmcdonwell: We need to stop trying to get our government to research LFTR we need a millionaire or a company to fund the first research reactor & pilot plant.

[@theq4602]

BTW what is the critical mass of LFTR fuel in a graphite core?

[@ohzone6464]

There Ain't no such thing-you are being fooled yet agiain.!!!