Traceroute (tracert) Explained - Network Troubleshooting

What is traceroute? Traceroute (tracert) is a command line utility that is used in networking to show the route that is taken by data packets as they travel across the internet to their destination. It's a tool used to troubleshoot networking problems.
#traceroute

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[@damaliamarsi2006]

One thing to add is that the way it determines the hops is by sending a ping with the TTL (Time To Live) set to 1 to the destination. The first hop decrements the TTL to 0 and sends an ICMP TTL exceeded message. The host then sends another ping with the TTL set to 2 so the second hop will send the ICMP(Internet Control Message Protocol) TTL exceeded message. Wash rince repeat until destination is reached or the max hop count is reached (default is 30) The messages do not start with the TTL set to 30, that is just what the program will limit the maximum TTL to by default. IE if you do -H 4 it still will send the first ping with a TTL of 1 so that the first hop will decrement and send the ICMP TTL exceeded message. Then 2 3 and 4 so the trace route will end at the fourth hop. If intersted according to RFC 792 the type/code of TTL exceeded is Type 11 Code 0. IMHO this video would be much better with a wireshark capture of a real tracerroute showing the TTL exceeded and the ICMP TTL exceeded messages; however, I get that this is just a basic introduction. Sorry this is so long.

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