How to Test ABS Wheel Speed Sensors for Resistance and AC Voltage

How to Test ABS Wheel Speed Sensors for Resistance and AC Voltage - The car in the video is a Saturn Vue 3.5L AWD 2007. However, the procedures shown in the video will apply to almost any vehicle with an ABS system!
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[Symptoms]
ABS warning light will appear. Wheel traction decreases. Brakes locking up when braking in an emergency.
[Getting a diagnosis]
Get a tester that supports ABS codes for YOUR vehicle. All vehicles codes are different. If you have a GM, make sure it supports GM. Check the product website for your exact make and model and year before purchasing. Prices are $100 and up. Standard OBDII scanners WILL NOT work on ABS/AirBag/Transmission codes. The ABS scanner will tell you what the problem is and/or which sensor is faulty. At this stage you should perform visual checks on the sensor. Look for damage to the pins and wiring as these are the first signs of a faulty ABS sensor.
[Possible causes for sensor failure]
- Heat damage
- Contaminants damaging the sensor (oil, grease, dirt etc)
- Damage during replacement of braking components
- An internal short, a cracked housing, or moisture intrusion
[Active vs. Passive Sensors]
If a sensor is only "activated" when a supply voltage is applied and then generates an output signal, this is an "active" sensor.
If a sensor operates without additional supply voltage applied, this is a "passive" sensor.
Both passive (2-wire) and active (2 or 3-wire)
Check owners manual for which you have, a visual check cannot determine a passive sensor.
[Testing]
Most vehicles allow access to the ABS sensor harness inside the cabin, rather than having to jack the car up and take a wheel off. For front sensors, check near the inner strut towers - this is where the ABS sensor wires usually intrude into the engine bay. For rear sensors, under the rear seat cushion or inside the trunk are the common junction points.
Otherwise,
Raise and support the vehicle. Refer to Lifting and Jacking the Vehicle .
Disconnect the wheel speed sensor connector.
[Testing a PASSIVE sensor]
[Resistance] (Passive Only)
Measure the resistance across the wheel speed sensor (signal and ground leads)
Does the resistance measure within the specified range: 800-1700 ohms (If so, good sensor. Check owners manual for your tolerance)
If the resistance is constantly changing or increasing on the meter, the sensor is faulty.
If the multimeter indicates an open (no resistance) or short circuit, this is another indication that the sensor is faulty.
[Testing an ACTIVE sensor]
For this you will need to attach flying leads to the connector pins and then plug the sensor back in to measure the voltage!
At this point the ignition should be turned on so that power is supplied to the ABS system. Rotate the wheel, and if the voltage changes this means that the sensor is working. If the voltage does not change, this suggests that there is a problem with the wiring.
[AC Voltage Test]
Spin the wheel anti-clockwise
Measure the AC voltage across the wheel speed sensor.
Does the AC voltage measure greater than the specified value?
100 mV (Millivolts) / 0.1 volts (If so, good sensor)
#ABSSensor #WheelSpeedSensors #ABS
Video Title: How to Test ABS Wheel Speed Sensors for Resistance and AC Voltage
Video File Created Date: Friday, 16 October, 2020 (Video may or may not have been captured on this date, it shows the date the video was last converted.)
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Video Tags:
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[@TutorialGenius]

Like and subscribe for more! All parts, tools and more information in the video description. If this video helped you, please support the channel by clicking "Thanks"! We also have memberships to our channel with great perks! kzbin.info/door/0HkS2-1Tk1ULQJj3uGbjdwjoin Thanks for watching!

[@TonyG-iu4td]

Helpful video. Many other similar vids on KZbin don't really show how we should be adjusting the mustimeter to get these results! Thank you

[@TutorialGenius]

Thanks for watching! Please like and subscribe if useful. Thanks!

[@YelaDuck]

Thanks man. You are the best at explaining.

[@sasz2107]

This video was excellent! Thank you! This is the best video on this I have seen so far. Clear, concise, and useful information. It helped me because I was also working on a GM car, so the connectors are in the same locations, even though the car is much older than the one you worked on, it's a 1994 model. Also, I have the same multi-meter you have. The ABS light came on, but I did not have a way to check the codes in the computer. So I just began going around the car, checking the resistance and voltage of each wheel sensor until I found one where the readings didn't look right. In my case, there was infinite resistance on the left front wheel speed sensor. Once I figured that part out, I took the wheel off and measured the resistance right at the connector closest to the sensor rather than under the one under the hood. Again - infinite resistance - so there's an open circuit in the wheel speed sensor - it's not the wiring. I decided to jumper the terminals on the connector going back up to the computer, to remove the resistance in the circuit. Then I turned the ignition on, without starting the car, and sure enough the ABS light went out after 2 or 3 seconds! So that's what it is! A bad left front wheel speed sensor. Unfortunately this means replacing the wheel bearing - but at least I'm no longer wondering what the problem is. Thank you!

[@TutorialGenius]

Amazing detective work! 90% of effort is sometimes the diagnosis, well done there! Sometimes, depending on the car, the sensor can be removed with an allen wrench or something similar and you then wont need to replace the entire bearing. Something to consider if that option is available to you!

[@MM-yl9gn]

Thank you endlessly for this video! For those of us basically illiterate, knowing that ABS is actually the wheel speed sensor is so important to diagnose issues especially when it seems like a ECM problem throwing torque and transmission codes...computer isn't receiving the proper wheel speed information!! This video just saved me thousands and probably a new transmission...thank you!!

[@TutorialGenius]

Glad it helped! :) I hope you subscribe soon!

[@kevinvarnes4414]

Excellent video. This is the first clear and concise explanation I've found for testing passive sensors. Used it to diagnose a bad sensor on a '06 Torrent.

[@TutorialGenius]

You're welcome! Thanks for watching! I thought the same, so I made this video haha!

[@DELTONMITCH]

Very good-saved me a lot of time. Thanks

[@Majicman187]

Awesome info budd, much love!!!!!! This is going to help me so much tomrrow

[@GammonJeff]

Wow, you did a very nice job explaining this. Well done! Thank you!

[@TutorialGenius]

You're very welcome! I'm glad it was useful! :)

[@husseinlodhee2357]

Watching from France..You are one among the best on mechanical explanation on You tube..Slowly but Sure..Thanks Sir

[@TutorialGenius]

Merci beaucoup ami! :)

[@RT-ik8ke]

Thanks for bringing such exceptional clarity to your videos.

[@grantalexandergiliomee2777]

I just tested my jeep's ABS sensors with one Croc to Croc lead and a multimeter in mA Mode. Connect the sensor -ve to the negative of the cars ABS receptacle using the Croc lead. Then the two lead's of the DMM in current format do the same between the sensor +ve and the receptacle +ve thereby connecting the sensor through the meter to the car. With the ignition on and by rotating the wheel of that sensor the mA jumps between 7 and 11mA the changing current being the indication that it is fine. If all the sensors test OK clean the connectors with a de-oxidising switch cleaner. I had one dry connector that caused my ABS light to come on. These appear to be hall effect sensor's. Hopefully my comment helps someone

[@MNRazali]

Thanks. Useful video.I tried & noti gone.

[@johnwatts3339]

Excellent video!!! Very well explained. Thanks

[@TutorialGenius]

Glad it was helpful! 🔥😊

[@TutorialGenius]

If you have this specific Harbor Freight red multimeter: The probes on this specific multimeter work in the TOP two ports OR the BOTTOM two ports for resistance (ohms) and AC voltage. All multimeters are different. Check the manual for your multimeter if you're unsure.

[@nowthenad3286]

Thanks for a great video. I am glad you clarified the business about the ports because I was confused.

[@chrisa466]

Great dialogue man. Good job 👌. Thanks.

[@TutorialGenius]

Glad it helped! Thanks for the kind comments!

[@charliediver1560]

Great video , very clear thanks for sharing .

[@TutorialGenius]

Thanks for watching!

[@elgatogordo9523]

Thank you for the informative video 👍 I’ll give it a whirl on my 94 Lexus ES300.

[@TutorialGenius]

Awesome! Good luck and thank you for watching!

[@NicholasRiviera-Dr]

Great video thanks for making it 👍

[@TutorialGenius]

Glad you enjoyed it! 💯

[@iJames15]

Wow... 5 minutes in and I finally learn how to test the sensor...

[@TutorialGenius]

You're welcome!

[@mikemike7397]

Very clear and concise definitely got a like and subscribe From me

[@Starkeyfamilyfixing]

great video ! you deserve a subscribe !! so i did

[@mikemarshall7016]

Thanks, good info, I’m off to do some testing now! (Nice accent btw)

[@TutorialGenius]

thanks for watching!! good luck!

[@theronsmith8244]

Thanks for sharing , blessings to you brother

[@TutorialGenius]

You're welcome! :) Same to you!

[@davidfurnissUK]

As soon as a multimeter starts telling you the battery is low, readings start to go out of the window as the measurement reference starts to go out of calibration. I’ve seen people using multimeters and wonder how their 12v car battery is giving out 18v until I got them to change the battery 😂

[@TutorialGenius]

Always good to check the battery!

[@eugenemcardle117]

Thank you for making this video as my 2012 Vauxhall/Opal Zafira B has the TCS dash light on when car is being driven I am looking for a fix for it. My sensors are built into the hubs. I am however confused as at 3.35 you state "this hub is the problem, we know that because we used our scanner to do that" ??? At 7.02 " Suspected bad sensor is hooked up to AC voltage and at 7.17 you are getting "no voltage at all which is a very good indicator this sensor is dead". I am hoping which you can tell me which of your readings I should take to be able to ascertain which of my 4 hubs have a faulty sensor within them. Thank you.

[@runelarsen5769]

Thank you.

[@anthonymcdaniel1862]

Very good information.... good video

[@TutorialGenius]

Thanks!

[@BrassHammer]

Crocodile clips in Australia alligator clips in the USA :) great video!

[@TutorialGenius]

Crocodile in UK too!

[@charleshart5563]

Thank you

[@tgvoaden]

I hade the same problem, after a garrage replaced the hub driveshaft to no avail, I removed 1 machien screw to remove the sensor which goes into the hub, cleaned the corosion between the hub and sencer, replaced problem gone xxx

[@josejimenezcaceres5277]

hello friend I bought an abs sensor and I measured it at Omio and it gave me 525 and I measured the sensors of my car because the abs light is on and they measured 3226 other 2465 do you think they are wrong?

[@truthhurts2149]

Used an old otc genisys to diagnose my 05 Vue. It's very handy.. can view all 4 sensors reading on a graph form. Front one voltage was reading lower than all the others and it's causing abs to activate at low speeds. Now I have to figure out why.

[@TutorialGenius]

Good luck with it! Let us know how you get on

[@Aquvid]

THX!

[@nutgone100]

Great video, thanks for taking the trouble to make it. I’m sure someone’s already said this, but you really shouldn’t be wearing that ring on your finger whilst working. I’ve seen some nasty injuries from people wearing rings in the workshop environment & I’d hate to see someone get hurt, especially someone doing such a good job of helping others with their car troubles. All the best & keep up the great work. P.s. if you can’t get the ring off then at least wrap some tape around it to help stop it snagging on something.

[@TutorialGenius]

Don't worry about it. Fingers grow back! :) Thanks for watching and the kind comments!

[@DR19X]

Thank you for the very clear and helpful video. Do you happen to know what abs speed sensor' resistance and voltage readings range should be for Toyota Corolla LE 2015 also is it active or passive?

[@abdullahcheema7061]

Did u find out?

[@abdullahcheema7061]

@@DR19X thanks alot. Do you mind telling me what were your symptons amd diagnostic approach?. I have a 2013 corolla amd it shows abs code for right front tire and upon testing voltage of wires going to connector it shows voltage in one wire but not the other one so i think the wire is broken or short somewhere

[@DELTONMITCH]

Thanks!

[@TutorialGenius]

No problem! :) Thanks you for the donation! 🔥🔥

[@johncullen9514]

Great explanation. I've a skoda octavia 2008 and the abs and esp lights come on after about 10mins of driving. Could this also mean a sensor needs to be replaced or is it something more sinister??

[@TutorialGenius]

The video pretty much answers your question! I'm not sure what else to add!

[@jereckplaza1228]

Nice video, I’m wondering where can I see how much ohms and voltage my car should have. I look in the manual and can’t find it. Thanks for the video.

[@TutorialGenius]

I mentioned in the video briefly, but just pop another wheel off and compare the results. On the unlikely chance you have two bad sensors, you always have 2 more corners :)

[@myshitonyoutube]

Thanks, after looking at other videos I thought I only had to check the ohm resistance.

[@TutorialGenius]

You are welcome!

[@finnlassen407]

Back wire to multimeter 10Amp jack! Wow! Wonder how you got any readings at all!

[@victor26gzlz]

Thank you for this video, this is my current situation on my Accord 2012, I already tested all my 4 Speed Sensors and all of them have resistance but not voltage, my OBD 2 Scanner gets error connecting to the ABS System. What this sounds to you? I hope you can help

[@TutorialGenius]

Might sound silly, but you gave the car power?

[@PompeyMatt17]

great explanation but I don't understand your meter..looks like it's set to test current...I would have expected the black probe to be in COM?

[@TutorialGenius]

Read the pinned comment

[@davidhinton3595]

While you tested resistance 1758 ohms showed on your multimeter. Out of range, right?

[@Karim_Belgique]

How do you know which sensor the car uses for your speedometer? I got 4 on my nissan micra k12. Service manual is not helping me unfortunatly

[@TutorialGenius]

I think maybe you are mixing up two things. Vehicle speed sensor (VSS) and wheel speed sensor (WSS) [maybe] The vehicle speed sensor measures the overall speed of the vehicle, while the wheel speed sensor measures the speed of each individual wheel. Determining what you're trying to achieve with help with the diagnosis to the problem I wouldnt know anything about the nissan micra k12 without loading up my service manual software it takes a good 10 minutes to boot up lol

[@markbrown1609]

good vid, i got same cheap volt meter you got. do y'all have harbor frights across the pond? that cheap volt works great.

[@TutorialGenius]

Which way across the pond? haha

[@russpeaknuckel9525]

Would worn out brake pads cause the TCS and ESC lights to come on ? Thanks !

[@flyinryan50]

No but badly warn wheel bearings can cause abs light

[@russpeaknuckel9525]

@@flyinryan50 Thanks, but I found a leaking brake line was the problem.

[@flyinryan50]

@@russpeaknuckel9525 Glad you got worked out. For anyone else out there check the back side of your brake rotors as well.. there is a ring that the speed sensor needs to sense and if it is covered in grease, dirt and grime it will cause a problem. Simply clean it

[@pauliecabs]

Very helpful video. I'm having a nightmare with weak braking on one wheel. Everything has been changed, disc, pads etc Maybe it could be the ABS sensor.

[@TutorialGenius]

Have you checked the brake lines and brake calipers?

[@pauliecabs]

@@TutorialGenius yes and hsve also changed the caliper

[@TutorialGenius]

@@pauliecabs brake lines?

[@pauliecabs]

@@TutorialGenius yes changed flexible hoses, no visible problems with the other lines. Will test the sensor today. Thanks for your suggestions

[@rogerthat6221]

Check your rubber line near the affected wheel. Also sometimes there are metal surrounding the rubber line where it is fastened in different places. The metal corrodes and squeezes the rubber line restricting flow

[@momenabunimry983]

Hello Sir, I hope u give me an answer my car is Honda accord 2009 4 Cylynders. after driving the car 10 or 15 KM. dashboard gives me signs (ABS / Handbrake & Airbag) ..... the electritionist told me that I need another ABS & after inspecting the car with the computer ONLY (diagnostic tool I mean) he informed me (Solenoid valve failure) ......... the quistion he could not answer : why the ABS was working when the car is cold engine (when I drive 10 - 15 KM the error appears on the dashboard) ............... I would appreciate getting answer ... peace

[@TutorialGenius]

Because the car self-checks its ABS system over a certain speed limit. It's in the manual. To prove this, let car warm up and drive 5km p/h. itll never check because you are not going fast enough, so light wont come on.

[@TutorialGenius]

Depending on the car, you can remove the BCM and re-flow the solder. Sometimes its just a dry joint You can also remove the BCM and send it away to somebody and have them fix it for around $170 I have the same issue, thinking of doing a video on it soon. Couple of options there anyway!

[@seaperu1]

do these also account for you current speed read?

[@rogerthat6221]

No sir. That would be a output shaft speed sensor on the transaxle

[@ocheboy]

Hi. I have a 2011 Kia Sorento. Speedo has stopped working. P2159. There’s no abs code. I can see a wheel speed from all sensors when I use my scanner. Any ideas?

[@tickerminjarez3044]

Speedo reads of the transmission. Not the wheels sensors

[@geoffhaylock6848]

@@tickerminjarez3044 Not on all cars. Some use the wheel speed (ABS) sensors. This is also used for the cruise control speed regulation on my cars.

[@ocheboy]

@@geoffhaylock6848 it happened to be the ABS that failed. Speedo read off it.

[@howtodoitdude1662]

What voltage readings should be going to the sensor?

[@TutorialGenius]

That depends on many things. Year, make a model for a start!

[@sectoid2162]

Hello. I have Mercedes and my diagnostic tool read left abs sensor is defect. I buy new one and have same problem. Later i change the abs sensor, the defect one on right side and the working on left. On diagnostic read right side is defect. I bayed 2 new and one used, the problem not gone. My old defect read 2700ohm and the working read 2800ohm. Any idea of my problem?

[@TutorialGenius]

what codes?

[@sectoid2162]

C327100, C326600 and C111700

[@stumu1242]

Greetings from sunny Australia mate! Sorry to bother you.. Thank you for the beautifully coherent and clear explanations - most helpful. I have a 2011 Nissan Rogue.. my OBD2 scanner reports no speed sensor error code, but I notice on my live graphs, the TCM module reports "[TCM] VEHICLE SPEED" as 193km/h, even though I'm standing still! Even when I unplug it.. it still shows 193km/h. My TCM reports error codes of P1778 and P0868, which relate to the CVT auto, apparently, but I'd first like to clear this 193km/h graph thing up. What would you do? Thanks, Stu.

[@TutorialGenius]

Looks like a stepper motor code to me!

[@stumu1242]

@@TutorialGenius thank you.. yes, I replaced the stepper motor a few weeks ago, based on those two codes.. no change and still same two codes. But I need to address this [TCM] VEHICLE SPEED thing showing 193km/h on my obd2 scanner when I’m not even moving! It can’t be good! But I’ve replaced the 4 wheel speed sensors and the two speed sensors on the CVT. The speed reading remains!

[@186scott]

This is handy my abs sensor had resistance but wasn't putting out any voltage when I was spinning the hub so I know I need a replacement

[@TutorialGenius]

Great to hear it's diagnosed! 👑

[@sarahkelly7048]

Hall effect sensors are passive sensors. They need a supply of current to work. Inductive is an active sensor. It creates its own current.

[@TutorialGenius]

I'm pretty sure I already covered that on the video

[@boibluofficialpage4404]

3:52

[@eagleeyelawrence8250]

2600 nice

[@damianbutterworth2434]

On a Nissan Micra 2005 I got 1.2 mega ohms which is very high. Hopefully it`s broken because I `ve just changed the wheel bearing. Might plug it in later and spin that wheel. I tryed waving a magnet across and got nothing. Cheers for the video.

[@damianbutterworth2434]

Ok so I put the bearing in using a vice and broke the magnetic ring. I need a 30 tonne press.

[@silver120mp]

Please help; the ignition needs to be on , or you have to crank the engine? Thank you

[@TutorialGenius]

Are your sensors passive?

[@silver120mp]

@@TutorialGenius very good question pal ? What's the difference between an active or a passive sensor? Regards

[@TutorialGenius]

Did you watch the video???@@silver120mp

[@silver120mp]

@@TutorialGenius yes I did, the abs fitted on my car is a 2 wire connection type

[@silver120mp]

@@TutorialGenius I ' ve got a 2007 vauxhall astra h mk5 petrol 1.6 ; any help would be very appreciate

[@seaperu1]

what make car are you working with here?

[@TutorialGenius]

See description :)

[@arthursmith3092]

i changed out sensor and still says sensor wheel bearing is good?

[@TutorialGenius]

I'm not following... You changed it and it's good? That's good right?

[@kaaraa-mardha1977]

Hi there, do you AC or DC to test Auto voltage? Because in my understanding, AC testing is strictly for Home electricity, where's the DC is for Auto only

[@AfternoonPlay]

Spinning the wheel creates a small AC (Alternating Current) in the mV (millivolt) range.

[@TutorialGenius]

I have a video on Electricity 101, I highly recommend you watch it! :) kzbin.info/www/bejne/f3aYpmqVj897oZo The comment above is correct!

[@tenlittleindians]

​@@AfternoonPlay I'm not so sure! To produce ac voltage there would need to be magnets setup with their poles in opposite directions. A typical rotor has holes or slots being read by a sensor. To me it seems more likely the sensor is reading a break in a dc signal which could look similar to an ac waveform. This type of signal is sometimes referred to as a PWM signal (pulsed width modulation). A cheap (less than a 100 dollars) ocilloscope could read the signal coming out of the sensor better than a voltmeter. A big socket on the hubs center nut connected to a drill to spin the hub with the ocilloscope attached to the sensor might show a waveform if it's working properly. (Passive sensor test) This is my guess.

[@AfternoonPlay]

@@tenlittleindians Interesting. I have an old Hameg 20MHz scope and never considered hooking it up to the hub’s speed sensor. Thanks for the information.

[@bdubs8368]

You sound like the guy from Fascinating Horror YT channel

[@TutorialGenius]

Our accents are about 100miles apart :)

[@phatrix111]

another very easy way is to just get a generic obdII bluetooth dongle and connect to your phone, then monitor live data on the wheel speed sensor.

[@abrotherinchrist]

Do you have a recommendation or example of what you mean?

[@ynte8114]

An English man in America 😊

[@arthursmith3092]

changed abs sensors still abs light changed speed sensor in transferr case problem fixed

[@alexgonz5550]

👍👍🍺🍺🍺🍺

[@georgegautier372]

I'm about to junk my 2012 dodge charger because don't even god can fix a rear left sensor and the crappy car is in safe mode since that. Replace Sensor, Axle, ABS module, Entire ABS module, and no way. I have normal read from 4 sensors like is ok but remain saying that have issues in rear left sensor and limp mode. IDK what else to do.

[@MLEB723]

Why do both my new sensors show no resistance?

[@TutorialGenius]

That's a good question! Active sensor?

[@MLEB723]

@@TutorialGenius Yes, the old sensors and the new sensors I bought show No Resistance when tested...Dodge Service told me these sensors do not show resistance.

[@joecox9958]

jump to 3m, 1.6-1.7Kohm

[@harwoods11]

Gloves, gloves, gloves 😮. Otherwise a very well explained video.

[@TutorialGenius]

Men don't need gloves! 😄 Thanks for watching!

[@gonzaloarrieta1758]

Gloves are for princess or soft males jajaja

[@ho3bo765]

Why AC volts? Shouldn’t it be DC since cars operate off of a battery and batteries are DC.

[@TutorialGenius]

It generates AC, not DC. Just because a car battery is DC, it doesn't mean the whole car is restricted to DC circuits

[@alinlazar2427]

nice video and well explained but Cars use DC, Direct Current not AC current

[@TutorialGenius]

Did you watch the video!? You test a passive wheel speed sensor for AC, NOT DC. You are confused because you're thinking of a car battery and just running with that. If you watch the video all the way through, it explains it in detail.

[@martynwarren3192]

The sensor is just a magnet and the castillated rotor which spins creates a alternating current that the computer monitors.

[@alinlazar2427]

Thank you for clarification. Cheers

[@scottb7605]

HELLO!! THE SENSOR........SENSOR.....The sensors on that ABS system generate AC current. Knock sensors also generate AC current.

[@iancoles1349]

Wrong its not rectified dc.Its of a magnetic coil generated wave.

[@ezwa9979]

there’s no ac here - we dOnEdnO stinkN AC, it’s DC👋

[@TutorialGenius]

ChatGPT

[@NicholasRiviera-Dr]

Strange comment

[@DeprisaDryICeBLasting]

plain English

[@arnolnn4008]

You have connected multimeter in the wrong way. Multimeter side move black wire to the bottom connector, the one that say COM. LOL

[@TutorialGenius]

Somebody didn't read the description or the comment If you have this specific Harbor Freight red multimeter: The probes on this specific multimeter work in the TOP two ports OR the BOTTOM two ports for resistance (ohms) and AC voltage. All multimeters are different. Check the manual for your multimeter if you're unsure. oh, and... LOL

[@compasstrans]

This video could be 1 minute. Too much talking.

[@TutorialGenius]

This is my channel with my videos. You are welcome to create your own channel and do it your own way :)

[@NicholasRiviera-Dr]

@@TutorialGeniusgreat video. Thanks for taking to time to make it and post it. I learnt a lot about a cars ABS sensors 👍