The Origin of Us: African Climate of the Last 400000 Years East African and South African Evidence

One of the enduring questions of human origins is when, where and how we "Behaviorally Modern Humans" emerged and why and how we eventually replaced all the other human-like species. This series takes a fresh look at the situation today with a critical examination of the available evidence from multiple sources. Rick Potts (Smithsonian Institution) leads off with a talk about African Climate of the Last 400,000 Years, followed by Alison S. Brooks (George Washington Univ/Smithsonian Institution) on East African Archaeological Evidence, and Lyn Wadley (Univ of Witwatersrand, Johannesburg) on South African Archaeological Evidence. [7/2013] [Show ID: 24970]
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Science and technology continue to change our lives. University of California scientists are tackling the important questions like climate change, evolution, oceanography, neuroscience and the potential of stem cells.
UCTV is the broadcast and online media platform of the University of California, featuring programming from its ten campuses, three national labs and affiliated research institutions. UCTV explores a broad spectrum of subjects for a general audience, including science, health and medicine, public affairs, humanities, arts and music, business, education, and agriculture. Launched in January 2000, UCTV embraces the core missions of the University of California -- teaching, research, and public service - by providing quality, in-depth television far beyond the campus borders to inquisitive viewers around the world.
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[@commentingaccount1383]

These presentations are invaluable. Thank you so much for hosting them!

[@MrKmanthie]

One of my favorite cable channels: UCTV/UCSDTV!!!!

[@robertgotschall1246]

Answered questions I wasn't sure how to ask, Thanks.

[@tew1947]

Absolute best...a must watch on KZbin

[@thomasf.5768]

@34:37 It is mentioned that small blades are an unknown function ⚡ Could they be like "box cutters" or small juvenile helper tools? Scrapping branches, cutting roots/tubers, processing big leaves, or points of DART projectiles ??? 1) as box cutter, it is a back up to a cutting knife. 2) little children imitate adults: They might be "little play toys" or a form of training or just helping Mother or partents. 3) everyone knows spears. But, darts are effective on small game, birds, or small hole burrowing animals.

[@src3360]

Good points and all worth investigating 🙏🏻🤙🏻

[@tomiantenna7279]

This channel is best channel.

[@SideWalkAstronomyNetherlands]

Is there an update to this lecture? So many new things were found in the last 6 years..

[@tomiantenna7279]

Right? We're fundamentally rewriting history thanks to modern scientific progress and all the fantastic and clever work done by all of these fantastically clever scientists!

[@prophetnozza4150]

@@tomiantenna7279 OOA has been debunked hard.....yet they atill push teh OOA lie

[@alexburke1899]

@@prophetnozza4150 the DNA still says we homo sapians came out of Africa even if we evolved and mixed other places like the Denisovan site. There’s no proof to your claim feel free to post it though. For some reason racists hate the idea we came from Africa and promote misinformation. A simple Wikipedia search will show you the oldest homo sapien was dated at 300,000 years ago in Morocco…

[@Jurassic_Fart]

@@prophetnozza4150 brother don’t be silly the evidence pointing to OOA is overwhelming

[@prophetnozza4150]

@@Jurassic_Fart Wut? NO, YOU dont be silly... what do you mean over whelming THERE IS NONE and NEVER has been! EURASIANS have ZERO african haplogroups! AFricans have a GHOST admixture NOT FOUND in eurasians! CASE CLOSED! LOOK INTO IT! Then speak on what you know not! OOA is a racist genocidal lie to mix the peoples together and destroy TRUE diversity how Goid created it! You believe in satanic psudo science .... Youve been led to teh water, try and drink it, all you have to do is look up teh ghsot species! PS modern africans are ONLY 6500bp ! They didnt exist befor that! They are a mix of various hominids! All that diversity those racists scream of! IT CAME INTO AFRICA! NOT OUT OF! The Y tree STARTS IN EURASIA not AFRICA! .... "overwhelming" your teacher saying so and you not looking anything up is not "Overwhelming" youve been indoctrinated! You now have a chance to enlighten yourself and come out of that racist ooa SATANIC lie!

[@devintaylor8702]

Awesome it awakens my inner beast 💪

[@TheTineyTots]

thanks...really educating....

[@robertgreen9150]

Thank you ever so much

[@edwardblair1136]

It's great

[@lenacrang4025]

Creativity = innovation

[@caradocapcunobelin2875]

This video was kinda confusing for me. Is the start of Homo sapiens being pushed back to 500,000 years ago? It’s either that or the speakers use human as a synonym for homo and really mean groups of pre Homo sapiens.

[@kemitamenophis3221]

There is so far no fossil evidence of archaic Homo Sapiens going back 500,000 years. Only about 300,000 years. However, the stone industry associated with modern Homo Sapiens goes back to 500,000.

[@caradocapcunobelin2875]

@@kemitamenophis3221 thank you for response!

[@lisarochwarg4707]

My hungry brain wants scrambled eggs.

[@Rico-Suave_]

Good lectures not for kids

[@denisflannery8415]

when and how did our ancestors move from 48 to 46 chromasomes?

[@SideWalkAstronomyNetherlands]

they mutated...we also lost one vertebrae in our back, Chimps hace one more bone in their spine...., and a few % of humans too ( Bushmen for example).

[@Q_QQ_Q]

@@SideWalkAstronomyNetherlands few % what ?

[@portchesterkid]

Please get new introductory music.

[@phillipking792]

not easy to find due to google etc. bias but this time period is essential for what is now

[@Stefan-ox5sk]

with the high di fined by periods of HIGH eccentricity is good rhyming HAHAHA

[@henkvandergaast3948]

yeah, we do.. what's the question?

[@stubhead]

I'm pretty sure I'm the Last Denisovian. Can I have a casino?

[@robinlillian9471]

You do know they could check with DNA tests, right? No one gave Indian groups casinos, anyway. They had to build them on their own land. If you have the money and get government permission, you, too, could go bankrupt with a casino--just like Donald Trump.

[@mikejohe1920]

Keep your ignorant remarks to yourself

[@happylostsouls3327]

Find the same exact technology in the oldest finds but in North America....same materials same timeline big hand tools and older methods then smaller more diverse finds in more recent layers?? How old could these finds be

[@jturtle5318]

Levallois points? Those are Mousterian technology, which is Neanderthal. Africa, Asia and the Caucasus mountains, Europe, but not found in the Western hemisphere. Unless my information is out of date.

[@masoodsattari2]

Has anyone researched where evolution is taking us. For example, we know what humans looked like 400k years ago and what they look like now, so what will humans look like in 100k years or 1 million years?

[@alexv3357]

We can speculate, but there are too many uncertainties about the future and the present as well for us to make much more than guesses. Essentially, because evolution is driven by circumstance, we must first imagine the circumstances humans in the future may live in, and given the rapid pace of unpredictable change in the modern day this is almost a fool's errand. There's no telling what will change about the world even just in the next generation, let alone the next few hundred thousand or more years. Nanotechnology, fusion, quantum computing, cyborg-interfacing on a more common basis- all these things may happen in the next few decades, and all will affect how humans live in ways that are unpredictable to us now. And then, of course, there's more direct circumstance changes, such as living in space or underground, both of which would come with associated changes to our biology. Ultimately, we simply have no way of knowing with any certainty.

[@rufuscrackle]

Won't be here more than a 100 years

[@sallyreno6296]

bots....we'll all be bots and look like Mike Pence

[@jari2018]

Im with they "we are not here in 100 Years ," not in this form - Humans are more like children than a adult ever know's so it will change by Ai's ,Aliens by mistakes or by on purpose - our sociaty is made for someone just to take since scienist are just .. naive or human - example : let's put these selfreplicating robots .. free and they will not do that in 1000 years and be our slaves - How naive can a scientist be really but he is not naive he is doing this for him and his place in the resevate community his place a productive male that has good genes - look what he did selfreplicating robots ok that a good trait so his brains must be good for children - so whatever a male does that gives him a place - he will do it .. for good or bad.

[@robinlillian9471]

Masood: Science can not predict the future. If the earth is hit by a big enough asteroid, humans could go extinct. Predictions like that are just speculation. Actually, human brain size has been shrinking since the start of the Neolithic... Ever seen the movie Idiocracy?

[@nutier]

interesting information ! I still don't understan how could you fin the origin of human being ? if you could know it well , you must know also the origin of animals , bird fishs etc. and all of plants, végétations living on earth .

[@alexv3357]

Every species has a different origin story, though they all trace back together eventually. Learning how certain apes became bipedal and later large brains and better social organisation doesn't tell us much about dinosaurs or trilobites, all of whom changed in different ways to adapt to unique circumstances. Learning the origin of homo sapiens, one species among millions, does not inform you of the origin of all those species.

[@prophetnozza4150]

Its because they are pushing one race propaganda to destroy the white one

[@susantadeb7666]

@@prophetnozza4150 All races are mixed with other races. All languages are related to many languages. All religions are borrowed from other religions. The process is going to continue. We built Taj Mahal for our lost beloved from the dawn of humanity. You are mixed weather you are from Eurasian steppe or Arabian peninsula or sub Saharan Africa. Even the Eskimos. It happened over thousands of years not just today. Blame horses, hunger or verdant lands.

[@prophetnozza4150]

@@susantadeb7666 All races are NOT RELATED to each other.... ive heard your globalist brainwashing before.... HAPLOGROUPS PROVE IT! there are ZERO african haplogroups in Europeans. Did you get that? ZERO! All religions have ONE ARYAN source!

[@masoodsattari2]

Has anyone researched....

[@brindlebriar]

No offense; I appreciate the pursuit of truth. But to infer so much from so little seems not merely speculative but wildly imaginative and intellectually irresponsible. The following contrast always stands out to me, in comparing what I hear from mainstream academics to what I hear from the shunned and the outcast and the disparaged: The mainstream academics show you a tiny rock with a little redish tinge, and a chunk of broken rock that they claim is clearly a hand-tool though that is _anything but_ clear to the viewer, and invent a fantastical and intricate narrative which they _insist_ is true, with no evidence, about people 100k+ years ago, and their _social_ habits. For example, if a skeleton is in the fetal position, that means they were religions and believed in an afterlife and buried their dead and on and on, even though that's the position people naturally curl into when they are in pain. It's lunatic. Meanwhile, the people they scoff at show _video footage_ of _giant_ objectively extant, multi-hundred-ton megalithic, indubitably and self-evidently man-made structures _all over the earth,_ dating back at least many thousands of years, if not tens of thousands, with extremely difficult polygonal masonry, apparently formed through some polymerization process, usually aligned with star systems, apparently for some technological function, located on Lay-lines, representing in their proportions the mathematical proportions of the Earth itself which they shouldn't have known about, and much, much more evidence of _that_ caliber; and from all of this and more, they tentatively and cautiously conclude _only_ that the mainstream arch of storied pre-history does not fit the data. Then they _openly and admittedly_ hypothesize about what could better fit the data, as any inquisitive mind must and should do. And for _this_ they are scoffed at. I observe this pattern again, and again, and again, almost without fail. So, while I appreciate all pursuit of truth, I have to doubt the earnestness of that pursuit on the part of the former. How could anyone not?

[@brindlebriar]

Take 44:43 just for an example of bombastic imaginative interpretation. Look at those rocks, and the sub-title of the slide: "markers of self or group identity." How can you justify the claim that, that's what those are?! ...and without even a caveat, without even an acknowledgement that such a supposition is speculative. It is presented as factual; 'that is what they _are.'_ Well, says who? Where are you getting that from? Those marks could as easily mean _anything,_ and far more easily mean any of several _other_ things, or nothing at all(doodling). Meanwhile to suggest that the sphinx must date back to a time when the region was wet, because it sits in a quarry massively eroded by water, is labelled pseudo-scientific or a 'conspiracy theory.' Even though we also _know_ the Sahara was wet only ~6,000 years ago. And even though there is no contradictory evidence suggesting an earlier date. How are we, as rational beings, supposed to approach such radically different approaches and conclude that the former is anything other than some kind of a scam? The _degree_ of the double-standard is astonishing.

[@dwightehowell8179]

You are seriously missing a huge point. Newton said I am able to do what I have done because I stand on the shoulders of giants. What if their had been no such giants? The physical evidence is the that the Tasmanians lost tech when they were isolated at the end of the last ice age. That pretty much should suggest to thoughtful people that you need a foundation on which to built before much technological advance can occur. That would include a language that can express the ideas you come up with and a culture willing to adopt new ideas. Not every culture is. Then you need a population big enough and secure enough to not lose those ideas when you die or maybe your group gets wiped out by forces beyond your control. A short life expectancy is going to get in the way of passing on ideas to future generations as is a small population thinly scattered over vast distances. People simply aren't going to be able to readily share ideas. In short these people had to pull themselves up by their own shoe laces as it were before they could actually learn it faster than they lost it.

[@roberthofmann8403]

@@dwightehowell8179 Please explain

[@dwightehowell8179]

@@roberthofmann8403 I did. Small groups of people living in isolation have a limited amount of information they can pass on. With short life spans that gets worse. A some point they are forgetting it as fast or faster than they are learning. Worse some wrong ideas may get picked up along the way and their neighbors can't show them the error of their ways. I'd use Communism as an example. Millions have tried it and millions have died and are dying but millions of Americans want to go through the same hell others have gone through. Progress can be very hard.

[@oldrmike1195]

@@dwightehowell8179 You’re thinking and analogies are so on point until the very end where you expressed a completely erroneous view of communism. Totalitarian communist government were only slightly less ruthlessness than there eternal counterpoint Fascism, Germany ‘s Third Reich, which is generally was thought as the most degenerate political force of the 20th contrary. Whereas, social democracy as exist inn European democracies is far more beneficient to its people and ecoomically efficient than our privatized for profit businesses, for peoples necessitiesities you mean socialism versus capitalism? Certainly the predatory form of capitalism at least what we call it is, indiputably leading us to the edge of the destruction of the biosphere and all points in between a depression and a collapse of the world economy. No one can come up with any other argument, other than the blantant ignorant jingoisms of those who somehow find a audience who proclaim our predatory capitalism, with huge disparity in income, uniquely in all the world which does not provide medical care to the most vulnerable and poor and working class, even during the pandemic, which rages here unabated more than anywhere else in the developed world, at nation where corporate bribed is unabashedly mare powerful than the public interest, compromised elections , fake news from all corporate owned and controlled media. public media sources to great numbers of its population its rapidly widening as largesse to arms industry, a hideous scam based on a nonexistent threat to a complete military hegemony funded at 10 times the rest of the world combined. irrational denies all evidence to the contrary because of all the above. There’s no comparison as to who has caused the most suffering death and destruction. Are you mad.

[@PeterFellin]

Way too many halfwits make comments on this of KZbin-represented topic! 😠

[@michaelsladnick5482]

every video of KZbin has this problem

[@Jefferdaughter]

The combination of a lack of selection pressure fand sudden changes in the environment (especially a lack of adequate complete protein and the necessary lipids for optimal brain formation and function, coupled with a high level of ingestion of novel food-like substances, plus increasing levels of exposure to +/- 80,000 synthetic chemicals through ingestion, contact, and breathing) has resulted in a population that is not fulfilling its genetic potential.

[@roberthofmann8403]

Ironic, isn't it?

[@Trecesolotienesdos]

evolution can't be predicted.

[@src3360]

I feel like that guy from Jurassic Park would say that Chaos theory and the water drop 💧 experiment 🤙🏻🤣

[@caradocapcunobelin2875]

I think that we are going to find that evolution happens mostly in cases where we inbreed to survive.