Units of History - Byzantine Fire Ships - Ancient Superweapons DOCUMENTARY

A history documentary on the Byzantine Fire Ships! Claim your SPECIAL OFFER for MagellanTV here: try.magellantv.com/invicta. Start your free trial TODAY so you can watch "Pyros: Painting with Fire" which covers the fascinating behind the scenes world of Fire Works Displays: www.magellantv.com/series/pyr...
This animated documentary is part of our Units of History series covering elements of the Byzantine Army and more. In this episode we explore the Fire Ship super weapons which saved the Byzantine Empire.
The documentary begins with a look at the history of incendiary weapons. This stretches from the Assyrian Army to the Indian, Sassanid, Greek, and Roman forces as well. Specifically however we focus on the emergence of Naptha and Greek Fire. This technology came at a critical moment when the Byzantine Empire was being overrun by the Arab Conquests and would prove to be their savior.
In the equipment section we cover how the greek fire siphons were built and how they were mounted on Byzantine Dromons. We then turn to their tactical use in battle before covering their service history. This includes critical action during the numerous times when invaders tried to execute a siege of Constantinople. We cover the Arab Siege of Constantinople in the 8th century as well as the Kievan Rus attack on the city in the later 10th century.
In previous episodes we have covered the Byzantine Grenadiers, Varangian Guards, the Roman Cataphracts, and many more fascinating troop types. What Units of History should we cover next?
THE BYZANTINES
Byzantine Flamethrowers and Grenadiers : • Units of History - Byz...
The Varangian Guard : • Units of History - The...
THE HELLENISTIC WORLD
Macedonian Silver Shields : • Units of History - The...
Macedonian Companion Cavalry : • Units of History - The...
The Spartan Skiritai : • Units of History: The ...
The Spartan Royal Guard : • Units of History - The...
The Sacred Band of Thebes : • Units of History - The...
Mycenaean Chariots : • Units of History - Myc...
Balearic Slingers : • Units of History - The...
THE ROMANS
Roman Cataphracts : • Units of History - Rom...
Roman Army Spies : • Units of History - The...
Roman Army Scouts : • Units of History - The...
THE NORTHMEN
The Jomsvikings Mercenaries : • Units of History - The...
Viking Berserkers : • Units of History - Vik...
Early Germanic Warriors : • Units of History - Ear...
THE AFRICANS
Nubian Archers : • Units of History - Nub...
The Sacred Band of Carthage : • Units of History - The...
Carthaginian War Elephants : • Units of History - Car...
The Numidian Cavalry : • Units of History - The...
THE NEAR EAST
The 10,000 Immortals : • Units of History - The...
Credits
Research = Sophia Ware and Chris Das Neves
Script = Chris Das Neves
Narration = Guy Michaels
Editing = Penta Limited
Sources and Suggest Reading:
“Greek Fire” by Linda Alchin
“Byzantine authors: literary activities and preoccupations” by John Nesbitt
“Praecepta Militaria” by Nicephorus II Phocas
“Tactica” by Emperor Leo VI the Wise
#Units
#Byzantine
#Documentary

[@InvictaHistory]

Fire ships have always been fascinating to me and it has been a extremely revealing to see how this technology led to "futuristic" tech such as the land based grenadier and flamethrower units we covered in a previous episode: kzbin.info/www/bejne/h2WTqoCNh76nbbc. What Units of History should we cover next?

[@ivareskesner2019]

The Hashashin.

[@ivareskesner2019]

The Ronin.

[@ivareskesner2019]

Ninja.

[@ivareskesner2019]

Sicarii.

[@ivareskesner2019]

Giant siege engines of the ~9'th century.

[@a-drewg1716]

It's honestly insane how long the Byzantines managed to hold on with all of their miraculous comebacks

[@troldefars]

Thats why they were the Phoenix

[@locomotivebearingdown5381]

It's because they were Roman-spirited. Romans were one of the toughest people if not the toughest.

[@Komap619]

In this video they focus on the greek fire but in truth this muslim invasion was going to succeed if not for the aid by the new bulgarian khanate/tsardom which by itself was another arch nemesis of the byzantine empire , during the second siege khan Tervel aided the greeks with anywhere between 15 to 30 thousand soldiers most of which eastern styled cavalry for this help he was sainted in orthodox church and named saviour of Christianity , few years later the bulgarian state and byzantine empire would go to war with one another for yet another time (there is over 500 years of recorded history between them of which most are wars)

[@flackstar007]

Agreed, between in fighting and economic turmoil, the Byzantines were surrounded by enemies and their frenemies were as deadly as their straight up enemy's. The supposed crusades did more damage to allied states and nations then it did in the long term against the supposed enemies of their religion. and geographically the Byzantine empire was one big open border to enemy's with very little natural geographical protections (for instance Russia was protected by vast lad features and cold weather conditions that made access almost impossible for an invading force). Add to this the historic achievements of the roman empire and the Byzantine empire itself was more like an object to be crushed to show the might of the current ruler then a place to be regarded as a noble friend. PS: I will concede that many Byzantine emperor's were very arrogant and burnt more bridges then they built, a little but of humility towards the right nations could of secured large sections of the Byzantine border and allowed for less stress from constant invasion to hold the empire for a longer amount of time.

[@gilpaubelid3780]

@@locomotivebearingdown5381 They were Greeks and hellenized populations with Roman citizenship. They were Romans politically but other than that what "Roman-spirited" are you even talking about?

[@youvebeengreeked]

*That would have been an epic moment to put to film;* *After centuries of saying “Loose!” to your ranged soldiers, a Roman navy commander, though outnumbered and besieged on all sides, would lift the veil off the dragon head, get his troops to aim the hose end, and finally say THE one word…* *”FIRE!!”* 🔥

[@srfrg9707]

That exact word was πῦρ (Pyr) It draw its way in the english language : pyrotechnics.

[@nagyonbalogh]

Ooor dracaris :)

[@SpartanLeonidas1821]

PYRRRRRRR Latinos called it: Ignis Graecus 🇬🇷🔥

[@HistoricalWeapons]

awesome video! would love to see early gunpowder weapons such as firelances, rocket arrows, and explosive grenades of the 11th century

[@reptilesarecool9763]

I’d like that

[@josenathanieltendencia245]

Yeah. And not the mention the hand cannon, the early handgun.

[@cultusdeus]

Totally would love to see that.

[@barbiquearea]

The Chinese also came up with their own flamethrowers that was based on the Byzantine design. Also the Song dynasty who pioneered these early gunpowder weapons invented the first paddle boats which didn't need sails. If only the Byzantines had those types of mechanisms for their fireships. They could have been even more devastating.

[@abrarsetiawan5587]

Love your channel man

[@pseudomonas03]

Fun fact: The Greeks used extensively fire ships (without of course the Greek Fire which secret composition was lost centuries ago), during the Greek War of Independence (1821-1830), in order to burn the Ottoman ships, with great success.

[@user-qz4go8pf8l]

Fun fact: the correct name is Roman fire known as Rhomaicon Pyr. This is the name by which it was known to the Romans. It was also called Thalassinon Pyr which means Sea fire. The term "Greek fire" was handed down into English from the Vatican, which called it "Ignis Graeca" in Latin.

[@pseudomonas03]

@@user-qz4go8pf8l The correct name is actually "Υγρον Πυρ", which means "Liquid Fire". This was the name given by its inventor Kallinikos.

[@user-qz4go8pf8l]

@@pseudomonas03 *Hygron Pyr* is ALSO one of the names by which it was known. There were three names: Roman fire, sea fire and liquid fire. The term "Greek fire" is a misnomer given to it by Charlemagne's descendants with the goal of denying the name "Roman" to the true Roman state.

[@pseudomonas03]

Whatever. Anyway my reference had to do with the fire ships, that the Greeks used against the Ottoman ships during the Greek War of Independence.

[@NickStrife]

@@user-qz4go8pf8l That's because Greeks and Romans are one and the same by that time.. People who like to think that the Roman empire ended when Rome fell will say 'Greek fire".. People who actually know history will call it "Roman fire".. Just like with the terms "Byzantine empire" and "Roman empire"..

[@Ventolin600]

Imagine being an Arab sailor on a jolly swashbuckling adventure then seeing Greek Fire upclose for the first time

[@dewd9327]

👳🏽‍♂️🔥💀

[@majorianus8055]

Most sailor s during the siege of Constantinople were actually Christians, many of them sons of former Roman subjects and were subtly pro-Roman, hence the massive 2nd armada defected to the Emperor.

[@aventidblechchlatechipfrap7465]

@@majorianus8055 source;Dude trust me

[@DrJellyFanguzzz]

@@aventidblechchlatechipfrap7465 could always individually verify. 😂 Not like he has to cite every source when making a statement

[@majorianus8055]

@@aventidblechchlatechipfrap7465 This is a known fact. I cant grab my sources from every comment I did if this is pretty BASIC knowledge and not debatable. It's also common sense. The Islamic conquest of the former Roman provinces are just a few dozen years before. Most sailors and their sons are still Christians, especially in Africa.

[@zhihaoge5872]

With flamethrowers mounting on all sides of the galley, this literally made the Greek Fire ships ancient equivalent of WWII battleships

[@davidblair9877]

I would be a bit skeptical of that. The ability to spew fire in all directions is impressive, but that doesn’t make it wise. Byzantine galleys were made of wood. If it surrounds itself with flames on all sides…that’s unlikely to end well.

[@saeyabor]

I see the point you're trying to make here, but no offense, the comparison is SO bad lol. Comparing "paradigm shift" in naval strategy, fire ships would be slightly similar to aircraft carriers or submarines, but battleships in both World Wars fired rifled artillery from very long ranges . As David Blair pointed out, a fire ship wouldn't saturate the area around itself with flames the way a man-o'-war or ship-of-the-line would with cannonballs, because in order to avoid warping and rot despite the water, a wooden ship has to be treated with chemicals that also keep the wood flammable despite the water.

[@aidanator8008]

Technically medieval, not ancient

[@BringBacktheGreeks]

@@davidblair9877 i imagine they were smart enough to NOT "piss agaist the wind".

[@elseggs6504]

@@BringBacktheGreeks Winds shift directions all the time. Especially those who died from friendly fire via gas can vouch for that.

[@1992zorro]

You guys don't know how much you are giving to the history loving community. You guys are a treasure for growing KZbin history community and with these unique weapons/army special series you have found your own Greek Fire. I hope you guys never stop with these amazing hits. Thank you

[@dawidwojacki5049]

The greek fire is probably the closest thing to fantasy in history

[@ermislyr]

What?

[@ysbrandd4908]

@@ermislyr he meant fantasy weapons, like lightsabers and that kind of stuff.

[@maheshrathod5593]

Romans🤮🤮

[@MMAGamblingTips]

They’re not real?

[@3jeno14]

I mean i nuke is pretty magical too

[@constantinexii8182]

It's amazing how much history the Greeks have

[@user-qz4go8pf8l]

Romans, not Greeks.

[@randomelite4562]

@@user-qz4go8pf8l They were ethnically and (mostly) culturally Greek. Politically they were Romans.

[@user-qz4go8pf8l]

@@randomelite4562 You seem not to understand what ethnicity means. If they were ethnically Greek, then why did they claim by and large to be Romans who were descended from ancient Romans? Why did many of them claim to be descended from non-Greeks? They cannot be ethnically Greek because a) they did not self-identity as Greeks, b) there were a variety of ethnic mixtures within the eastern Roman state that was clearly not Greek. Hence, why many Isaurians, Iberians and other non-Greek peoples served in the government and army. Greek was nothing more than a lingua franca of the Roman state. Their culture was also not mostly Greek. Their religion was Judeo-Christian. Their government, their economy, their military, their politics, architecture and customs were also widely Latino-Roman. Their music was highly inspired by Syrian traditions. There was also an inflow of eastern customs like Persian and Arabic, let alone also Slavic influences. This was natural, since Anatolia was the crossroads of both Asia and Europe, and also in close proximity to Africa. The Greek cultural part came in the way of the Greek language, and inheritance of Greek literary tradition. In many ways, though, the eastern Romans were much less Hellenic than the ancient Greeks. There was no drama, no theater, no Olympic Games. No polytheism. The memory of the ancient Hellenes was also disparaged. Your claim that the eastern Romans were "Greeks" rings hollow. They themselves were proud to be Romans. The insistence that they were not Greeks was all too evident.

[@johnlewis3891]

@@user-qz4go8pf8l They were both Greek and Roman. They identified as Romans, for the same reason that I, a black person whose parents come from the Caribbean, identify as America. Simply put, they were Greeks who had Roman citizenship. By this time, the empire was largely based in Greece and Anatolia, and Greek had replaced Latin as the official language.

[@user-qz4go8pf8l]

@@johnlewis3891 That is a woeful analogy that you spun, if there ever was one. Your self-identification as an American being also a black speaking English does not equate to the eastern Romans self-identification as Romans, speaking Greek and being of different backgrounds. The circumstances behind the two identities, American and medieval Roman, are different. First of all, in your example, your skin hue is dark. You are from the Caribbean. You speak English (perhaps as a mother tongue?). So what exactly are you, and how does your background equate to an eastern Roman who might have been born in Syria to Syrian parents, but speaks Greek and identifies as a Roman? According to your logical train, Americans are both English and American. They are not. They are simply English-speaking Americans, and anyone who thinks that Americans are English would be rebuked by Americans for saying so. Likewise, the medieval Romans who spoke Greek would have said that they are Romans. They would have rebuked you for calling them Greeks.

[@skyfragmented3933]

Greek fire is called Liquid fire in Greek which sounds pretty cool

[@Cba409]

Only the best Naval Unit in M2TW until the discovery of gundpowder. Nough said.

[@solokahn3086]

M2tw enjoyers

[@csabaszep8162]

I love the smell of greek fire in the morning.

[@stefanvella9807]

Its a shame no great movie about the Romans of Byzantium exist.

[@necronom4792]

Political+Religious reasons and a basic lack of knowledge to the mainstream audience, so a movie wont make alot of revenue

[@bsherman8236]

Needs diversity to be on the market

[@ThomasGazis]

They were not Romans though but mostly Greeks!

[@stefanvella9807]

@@ThomasGazis I said Romans cos the empire was Roman

[@ThomasGazis]

@@stefanvella9807 how comes it was Roman when the inhabitants of "Roomania" (Byzantium) were predominantly Greek, they were speaking Greek and they had Christian-Greek morals, coustoms and practices? Could you please explain that?

[@tonymondragon3114]

The Gregorian chant in the background really sets the atmosphere for this great video. Well done.

[@gaufrid1956]

Fire ships were certainly a game changer! Imagine what a combination of Byzantine fire ships and Korean turtle ships would have been like! In modern naval warfare game changers were torpedoes, submarines and aircraft carriers. Of course now it is also missile systems. One can only imagine the terror felt by sailors when they first faced the fire ships!

[@kkyrezis]

In Greece we call this "Liquid Fire" (Υγρό πύρ)

[@brokenbridge6316]

Making Greek Fire back in the day must've been extremely dangerous. I don't envy the poor souls who had to put up with the process of making it everyday.

[@michailmoulagr5631]

Υγρό Πυρ

[@valerimarkov1332]

The byzantine fire ship was indeed one of the most formidable navy units at that time and it undoubtedly helped tremendously in both sieges of Constantinople, however, your other facts in the video are a bit blurry. In the second siege of Constantinople (717-718) the main Arab army consisted mostly of overland footmen rather than navy ships. According to some sources, the land based army was between 100,000 (10th century Arab writer al-Mas'udi) and 200,000 (probably exaggerated, reported by Syriac chronicler Michael the Syrian). It wasn't the fire ship that saved the city, but the emperor Leo shrewd diplomacy - while delaying negotiations with Maslama ibn Abd al-Malik, the Arab army leader, he enlisted help from various neighbors, mainly from the Bulgars, who settled north from Thrace, but also some smaller Khazars and Armenian forces. According to Byzantine records, Khan Tervel of the Bulgars attacked the Umayaad army in the rear decimating half of it and trapping the other half between his army and the walls of Constantinople and so the besieging army became besieged instead. Arabs were aware of the fire ship capabilities from their failed blockade before and were prepared this time. The army was well-provisioned, with Arab accounts reporting high mounds of supplies piled up in their camp, and had even brought along wheat to sow and harvest the next year, but with the Bulgars trapping and effectively besieging them, they were unable to do so. Consequently, the Arab army was ravaged by epidemics and had no other option but to try and fight. According to Theophanes the Confessor, Bulgars killed another 22,000 soldiers in the second fight and by doing so ended the siege itself. The same Khan Tervel was later canonized as a saint from both the eastern Orthodox and also from the western Catholic churches, thus named St. Trivelius (or Tribellius) Theoktist the savior of Europe, clearly signifying the importance of these events, which modern history tend to underestimate.

[@l-nolazck-rn24]

Where can I learn more about this? It sounds really interesting.

[@riptrojans7237]

​@@l-nolazck-rn24 My brother in Christ there isn't a single nation in the world that recorded history as well as the Romans and it's not even remotely close. You can find it absolutely anywhere, google the battle of your choice and you'll be bombarded with endless well-sourced and well analysed descriptions of anything.

[@stlouisix3]

This technology and the techniques to carry them out successfully was amazing 👏🏻 🙌🏻 😀

[@simsim6419]

The Arab navy defeated the Byzantines in every single naval battle

[@AkkaAlbatros]

@@simsim6419 lol no.

[@kaloarepo288]

@@simsim6419 Not true -under the Macedonian emperors of 10th century the Byzantines gave the Arabs a thrashing in nearly every field recapturing Crete and areas of Anatolia and Syria -and the papal and Italian fleet gave the Arabs a complete thrashing in the battle of Ostia off the coast of Italy after the Arabs had unsuccessfully attacked Rome.There is a fresco of the battle in the Vatican by the great painter Raphael.That was around 862 A.D.

[@simsim6419]

@@kaloarepo288 the Omayyads took tax from the pope through Ostia for over 70 years.

[@rezkyputra5239]

Curious how these ships prevents friendly or self-fire

[@molybdaen11]

Probably by using copper and leather as isolation.

[@arandomgamer1508]

They had friendly fire turned off

[@comradekenobi6908]

You can’t light your own ship on fire Source total war

[@abdualziz9]

By telling the soldiers not to play with fire

[@kreken5260]

The crews collected feces and urine in buckets during their journey instead of dumping them into the sea, and the flames could be effectively smothered with this piss-pack mixture

[@UnclePutte]

The animated image of the parthian toying with a firebomb is particularily impressive. His expression suggests he's really tired of getting besieged all the time.

[@creightonbrown6449]

Favorite Empire to this day!! Byzantine for Life!!

[@paprskomet]

Roman for life.

[@gelisgeo1309]

@@paprskomet graecorum imperium. Byzantin empire or East Roman Empire are the same.

[@paprskomet]

@@gelisgeo1309 except "Byzantine" terminology was designed for it to strip it of its Roman identity. And there is no need to refer it as eastern after western half of the emperi tě no longer existed. They simply named The Roman Empire.

[@gelisgeo1309]

@@paprskomet this is your theory about what "must" be doing. I am not agree exactly

[@paprskomet]

@@gelisgeo1309 Are you insane?That is not my theory those are simply facts...

[@ainzooalgown1364]

It’s crazy how far ahead of their time the Romans were, even past their territorial prime of antiquity. Can’t help but imagine how different Greece would be today if the west and east could have set aside their differences better.

[@Billswiftgti]

Well, it's not only West/East differences, it's also numerous civil wars and of course endless invasions. Just for a quick example, during Greek Independence (1821-1832), 2 Greek civil wars took place. Yes, 2.

[@ThomasGazis]

Another history falsifier, deliberately calling the Greek - Byzantines "Romans"...in order to serve a rather dark agenda...

[@Billswiftgti]

@@ThomasGazis the confusion is global my friend, even between us Greeks. The truth is that the vast majority in the area at the time was culturally and linguistically Greek. But they called themselves Romii, they were part of what was left of the "Roman" Empire ( Vasilia ton Romeon). The confusion is even bigger when Westerners and Easterners called them Greeks, Hellenes, Junans. I think that Romans faded away, but they left their print, in East and West. Administratively and militarily (this one debatable) Eastern Roman Empire was Roman, the most Roman at the time. But culturally, linguistically and ethnically (again debatable on areas) Roman was devoured by the Greek massive culture. Lost but not without a trace. In conclusion, trying to describe medieval Greeks/Romans in English is difficult. In Greek and Latin it's easier.

[@ThomasGazis]

@@Billswiftgti there is no confusion at all! There is a specific movement of some nation-nihilists, anti-Christian bigots to deliberately de-Hellenize Byzantium and turn it into Roman! By doing so they are falsifying history but they don't care for that, as long as they are serving their own agenda!

[@Billswiftgti]

@@ThomasGazis well they are a bit late if they want to turn it into Roman. But in the nation nihilism part, I agree. There is a whole globalism effort, but there is also a much older effort to wipe out Greek presence outside Southern Greece, and subsequently wipe out Hellenism entirely. And these two efforts benefit from eachother. But they won't succeed, be 100% sure about that.

[@kyleheins]

Equivalent game changing tech would include field deployable cannons, nuclear bombs, the Caravel, the dreadnought, the steam engine, and the mińe ball.

[@averyshaw2142]

The gatling gun

[@averyshaw2142]

Also the chariot

[@kyleheins]

@@averyshaw2142 better to go with self loading weapons since there were a bunch of weapons similar to the gatling developed at the same time.

[@nagendraraman6410]

Turtle ships of Koreans.

[@molybdaen11]

@@nagendraraman6410 OH there were indeed inovative and were uses to they full effect by the admiral.

[@antman2826]

Loved the artwork and animations. Very impressive quality. Keep it up and I’ll keep watching. Awesome to also see the battle and drive plans and tactics explained. Fantastic video.

[@march11stoneytony]

Thanks for the video! Consistently blown away by the quality of historical content some creators are producing.

[@supermavro6072]

learn the difference between History, myth and fairytale.

[@justiceagainstthemaccounta6335]

Very good! Best and most comprehensive presentation I have seen in over 50 years

[@ermislyr]

Υγρό πύρ (liquid fire)

[@elijahjohn4482]

Large dragon heads spewing violent fire. Must have been utterly terrifying and devastating. Just thinking what the self confident besieging navy would have faced makes shivers run down my spine. Holy...

[@jasperzanjani]

these illustrations are a blessing

[@modernprosperity7798]

The best weapon is the one your enemy knows nothing about. History is nuts and I F-in LOVE IT!!!

[@MorinoRavenberg]

Byzantine power, baby! ☧ 🔥💪

[@user-qz4go8pf8l]

Roman power.

[@simsim6419]

The Arab navy defeated the Byzantines in every single naval battle

[@grahamturner1290]

A fascinating topic, thanks! 🔥

[@eartheternal3565]

This was epic! Thank you!

[@deathpainmaster147]

good video as always, and I would love to see one on The Mongols

[@sirBrouwer]

I wonder if there is a weapon as devastative effective as pure fire. if for most the psychological effect. just seeing someone with a flame thrower active was and often still is enough to make others just stop fighting. the down site is that often even the friendly soldiers of said person operating the machine would want to keep away from it.

[@karlfranzemperorofmandefil5547]

I'd rather fight a guy with a flamethrower then with an assault rifle. Its just that we got used to guns. But show an AK to a Greek guy. You point a stick at someone and their head explodes. They would think you're a god.

[@magniwalterbutnotwaltermag1479]

Flamethrowers in ww1 and ww2 had high amounts of casualties inless put into good positions because everyone shot at them, the shotgun and gas weaponry are more effective at this

[@sirBrouwer]

@@magniwalterbutnotwaltermag1479 it's more the psychological effect a fire has. I mean that is just taping in to a very basic instinct. Sure it can be slow at first but once going it will also take a lot to stop it unless it can burn itself out. in warfare most flames were aimed at buildings and to a smaller extend armoured vehicles (that at times could act more as a building)

[@kimmcroberts5111]

I appreciate your work!

[@MaxMustermann-pr9lo]

What an amazing Video, excellent work!!

[@Crytica.]

Can someone please tell me what the background music is in this video? It's really nice and I would love to hear it on it's own. The chanting part***

[@huntclanhunt9697]

I want to know this too

[@InvictaHistory]

I picked it off the audio jungle website. I think it's "Byzantine Chant 3"

[@huntclanhunt9697]

@@InvictaHistory thanks!

[@Crytica.]

@@InvictaHistory legend! Glad you noticed my comment and responded! Keep up the good work!

[@Irene-iu9sj]

I think the first part is"gregorian" chant,the second is you come like lightning.

[@philly83]

"oh looky, their ships have dragon ornamentation... Ahhh"

[@AkkaAlbatros]

and then... aaah the dragons are aliveeeeeeee

[@JeriDro]

I wish I could go back in time and watch these battles like a floating eye

[@bonbondurjdr6553]

Awesome video! Thanks a lot! :D

[@gelisgeo1309]

Graecorum imperium !

[@user-ch4rr8zk2j]

I had to laugh. Basileia Rhomaion = Roman Empire. When Kingdom of Franks called them, 'Imperium Graecorum', Romans of Byzantium got very angry.

[@gelisgeo1309]

@@user-ch4rr8zk2j this is stereotypes of semi educated people. Of course they use Roman titles and was proud Romans, but according to ALL historians of the time they know their origin and they was proud .

[@papazataklaattiranimam]

Imperium Romanum

[@gelisgeo1309]

@@papazataklaattiranimam Was the same yes

[@papazataklaattiranimam]

@@gelisgeo1309 Greeks were not even ruling class of Roman Empire

[@georgezachos7322]

Some of you seem hellbent in killing any connection between the Greeks and The Eastern Roman empire. Greek here. I consider the history of Eastern Roman empire, a part of my historical background. Whether you think that the term Byzantine doesn't fit, or that it was never Greek(it was, but only in part, as it was after all a multi ethnic empire just like its counterpart in the West), it makes no difference. We are all, ALL OF US, the products of thousands of years of history.

[@alexmcaree7854]

Yeah a lot of people see connecting greece with byzantium as disconnecting it with rome but the truth is that greece decended from Rome just as much as Italy did, perhaps even more so due to how much longer the Eastern empire lasted

[@georgezachos7322]

@@alexmcaree7854 Right.

[@Aioradeleo27]

@@alexmcaree7854 not really, the Romans never considered themselves heirs of Greek culture, since they considered it inferior, and the Eastern Romans never considered themselves or called themselves Greeks or Byzantines, they were Romans. In addition, the empire never gave importance to ethnic origin or race, so that now we can say that they represented Greek culture or Greek ethnicity

[@alexmcaree7854]

@@Aioradeleo27 I never said the Romans were heirs of ancient Greece, what I meant is that MODERN Greece is decended culturally from the Eastern roman empire

[@gilpaubelid3780]

@@Aioradeleo27 Romans didn't consider the greek culture inferior, that's why they were influenced to a significant degree by it. When it comes to the eastern Romans, they were Greeks with Roman citizenship, ethnically-Greeks/politically Romans.. .As they themselves were saying they were Greeks in race that were calling themselves Romans, a name that they took from New Rome (Constantinople) (" Έλληνες όντες τω γένει, ρωμαίους εαυτούς ονομάζομεν, και αληθώς γε μην· εκ γαρ της Νέας Ρώμης η παρωνυμία αύτη προσκεκλήρωται ημίν") In other words they certainly considered and were calling themselves Greeks and that's something that can be confirmed by multiple byzantine sources that have survived. There are Byzantine sources with slurs and insults about Roman citizens that weren't ethnically Greek, so I wouldn't say that ethnic origin was of no importance.

[@pappelg2639]

Cool video! The Viking Varangian Guard in the Byzantine empire is also very interesting. Fascinating empire.

[@TravelChanelBangkokThailand]

Thanks very interesting info 👌

[@michaelcorbidge7914]

In 941 when the rus invade briefly under lord Igor as i heard it pronounced, I'll mention that the rus are in fact the Vikings. Tjey used to travel grom the Baltic sea to the Black Sea by means of portaging their ships between rivers. I've heard mentioned that the Vikings would be employed as mercenaries throughout middle east but i ain't verified it .

[@Lappmogel]

Flamethrowers are an interesting weapon, theoretically they could've made really good ones way before this as well. A pressure vessel is basically just a sealed pot, bronze would be a suitable material and with vax you could cast some intricate parts as well, you could make relief and 1 way ball valves using a number of different materials, leather and grease could be used to make it pressure tight. A skilled metal worker could even have made a man portable one thousands of years ago. Fuel could be found in nature or you could make tar from wood, if you distill it down the same way gasoline is distilled today you could make it even more potent. Sure guns could've been made way back as well if people had figured out gunpowder, but you need some high levels of skill or machines to make more then a single shot weapon so even with a gun you would be dead if you where severely outnumbered.

[@charlesachurch7265]

Great presentation thanks xxx

[@-RONNIE]

Good video 👍🏻 thanks

[@Antaragni2012]

Answering you question, I think the invention of stirrups was also very important for warfare.

[@istvansipos9940]

and stirrups, with all their simplicity, came surprisingly late. For example, chainmail for centuries, but still no stirrups invented. That always blows my mind.

[@jaxamilius5237]

it looks like a rocket backwards... the greeks were incredible

[@locomotivebearingdown5381]

This wasn't the Greeks. It was the Romans. Safe to say it's a Roman creation, Roman Fire.

[@AntiochosIVEpiphanes_]

@@locomotivebearingdown5381 lol no it was Greeks

[@locomotivebearingdown5381]

@@AntiochosIVEpiphanes_ Romans, not Greeks. They literally were not Greeks because they were proudly calling themselves Romans, while steadfastly denying that they were Greeks.

[@AntiochosIVEpiphanes_]

@@locomotivebearingdown5381 Yes, but they were Romans politically, so they were Greeks.

[@AntiochosIVEpiphanes_]

@@locomotivebearingdown5381 They denying that because back then Greek or Hellene was equal to pagan.Also sorry for my bad english I'm trying.

[@gwickle1685]

Thanks

[@13thravenpurple94]

GReat work thank yoU

[@RoaringEgg]

Naval Spurs? How do they work? When I hear spurs I think of cowboy boots lol. (Make a video on medieval naval stuff?)

[@lakedaimonios480bc]

I have to correct a minor mistake here. The boetian flamethrower was used in 424 bc during the battle of Delium and not in 434bc that is mentioned.

[@danielpirez381]

WHY AM I SO HYPED

[@user-cd4bx6uq1y]

Really cool stuff

[@abcdefghi1234154]

Loved the video. It will be much appreciated if someone could guide me to a research on explosive pots, if it could be regarded to the Assyrian realief of 9th century BC would be best as I couldn`t find anything on that matter. Keep up guys! History is sexy!

[@Mohamed-hv2zo]

Hey invicta, just wanna wanna say that I like this series (units of history) so much and would like a video on the rashidun caliphate army (particularly the rashidun cavalry) to know how they beat two imperial empires and what tactics they used. Thanks.

[@kaiza9184]

👌👌👌👌👌👌👌👌👌👌👌👌👌👌👌👌👌👌👌👌👌👌👌👌👌👌👌👌👌👌👌👌👌👌👌👌👌👌👌😘

[@chad8907]

The more I think about the reason I love Invicta and docs like it has to do with the Voice behind them idk who you are guy but you got one of them Sir David Attenborough voices

Very intersting Story and excellent Video 👍🙂

[@user-qz4go8pf8l]

It is amazing how much history the Romans have.

[@user-rn1qx2ve8c]

Great channel, sir.

[@johnm840]

Had not heard of the Fire Ships before. Interesting.

[@ancienthistorytube1921]

Greek Fire is where dear GRRMartin got the idea for Wildfire in the Song of Ice and Fire books.

[@knightofsvea604]

Basicly every great empire ever. Have something noone can counter and win every battle, but Eventually die due to Corruption 👍 The self is its own worst enemy

[@scipioafricanus2285]

Amazing

[@gr.pan.7342]

Συγχαρητηρια, ευγε σας!!!!

[@ALVONIUM]

Flamethrowers on boats, the meta when playing the Byzantines.

[@Voshed518]

Köttbullar e fan gött

[@90skidcultist]

.

[@Jorn-gy3yc]

More so in Attila in total war

[@arandomwalk]

Invicta uploading is at least something good happening on a Monday

[@explorer1968]

Some years ago, in the History Channel, I watched this program titled Ancient Discoveries. A chapter was dedicated to the topic of mysterious and highly effective Greek Fire!

[@joelspringman523]

Genius!

[@BringBacktheGreeks]

Very impressive , and well researched video. Thank you ! Now I see, where the makers of "Game of Thrones" got their idea of the fiery Dragons ;)

[@michaelimvriotis4332]

More like their inspiration for wildfire

[@JLoC.2479]

A small overlooked important tool of mounted warfare was the Hunnic stirup, finally making horse stable weapons platform to strike or fire in all directions from all positions , the stirrup or the 3 pointed "anti cavilry mine" that always landed point up and were laid in key positions

[@Greensiteofhell]

Epic!

[@imperfectcell7081]

Byzantium used Flamethrower! It was super effective!

[@danielmunsaka2051]

There's actually a tech in AOE 2 for the Byzantines called Greek fire so I guess it's semi historically accurate

[@arcomegis9999]

The ship was called Dromon.

[@theicepickthatkilledtrotsk658]

fortunate son starts playing in Middle Greek.

[@magivkmeister6166]

I love the smell of naptha in the morning

[@sallowhermit]

glorious

[@ebuluemejohnchigozie106]

Great documentary, well done. What is the name of the classical music used in the being of the video?

[@kaizokujimbei143]

Πύρ!

[@thecatfather857]

"What other military technologies do you think come close to matching its legacy?" Napalm.

[@rrshowtime3900]

Solid Proof of all Claims Required.

[@lordsiomai]

I would love to see a video about the history of firearms from cannons to arquebuses to matchlocks to flintlocks

[@dirtbird7415]

With perhaps the exception of the cannon (for siege) problem with those weapons is that the were really not game changers , short of there psychological effects. Most encounters in those days were still decided by the blade.

[@ericborger8759]

No doubt even more influential was the Gatling gun, precursor to all of the terror in WWI

[@byzantinetales]

Greek fire is a mystery. Who knows when and in what condition it could be used. This secret died with the empire.

[@David-wk6md]

I have one. I love it.

[@dawnsparrow4477]

Most wonderful video about far elders of fire 🔥 usage and it's converted to terrifyingly weapons and (Greek fire)..it's components, decisive usages by Eastern Biezintain empire...using fire ward's by officers..first times in history thanks Invicta channel..thanks for sharing

[@vangelisskia214]

"Θά 'ρθεις σαν αστραπή" - Lightning Strikes kzbin.info/www/bejne/bJjEo2mDhLN2gdU

[@kingtryfon5702]

ah yeah according to our school books in greece this fire weapon could even fire when it was in water ,incredible

[@Ff-rr6uj]

ours in italy too, they even give the ingredients: sulphur, resin, etc...

[@stayhungry1503]

well, oil floats on top of water so... not strange

[@uglylikecaillou8079]

Subscribed

[@molybdaen11]

I wonder if there have been variants which used the ballistas or catapults of the ships as well.

[@admiralsquatbar127]

Everybody: "Constantinople looks weak right no..." Constantinople "NOOOOOOOOOO"

[@nunyabiznes33]

"Anyway...."

[@dododostenfiftyseven4096]

My favorite empire

[@toddle8258]

Brilant this will definitely help

[@nunyabiznes33]

So iconic GRRM can't help but add an equivalent in his novel LOL

[@user-qz4go8pf8l]

Fun fact: the correct name is *Roman fire* known as *Rhomaicon Pyr.* This is the name by which it was known to the Romans. It was also called *Thalassinon Pyr* which means *Sea fire* and also "Hygron Pyr* which means "liquid fire". The term "Greek fire" was handed down into English from the Vatican, which called it "Ignis Graeca" in Latin.

[@Thouhand.]

Actual fact instead of a fun one, it was really called Sol Semen, because it was like the sun jizzing on barbarians.