How Loud Was The Big Bang? Does Planet Spin Matter? Can Black Holes Revert to Stars? | Q&A 272

[@Beldizar]

Concerning Goronak, I believe the question was not one of time dilation but one of angular momentum, radiation pressure, and the last parsec problem. Mass falling into a black hole can encounter a lot of different problems getting in. Gases falling in bump into each other heat up, cause radiation to press outward, and limit the rate at which matter can get close. Angular momentum of objects in orbit around a black hole have to be shed in some way for the objects to lose orbital altitude. Other black holes have a lot of trouble losing this extra angular momentum when they get down to the last parsec of separation, as gravitational wave energy isn't strong enough to carry energy away fast enough for them to merge.

[@hervigdewilde3599]

That's what I thought it meant. 👍

[@LoricSwift]

Yeah, Fraser seemed to miss the question, or at least could of explored the concepts more.

[@PouncingAnt]

@@Beldizar great comment 🙂

[@richiebricker]

when driving On mars, they should stick to the roads and out of the rocky terrain cause it will take AAA forever to get there

[@bbartky]

Fraser, Great advice about _not_ using KZbin’s algorithm. It’s gotten worse over the tears and I’d say about 90% of the recommendations it gives me are bad. So, that’s why I subscribe and check the Community tab at least weekly.

[@birdbrainiac]

There's an extension that puts your subsciptions as the home page and removes the recommended videos. I've used it for years. I think its called Remove KZbin Suggestion.

[@bbartky]

@@birdbrainiac Awesome-thank you!

[@ianmatthews7385]

Thanks for answering my question Fraser! I hadn't thought of lasers being used for space junk aswell, definitely another dual purpose opportunity.

[@cacogenicist]

_"For the void hushes every voice except to the speaker himself [...] And I have heard it said that if it were not thus, the roaring of the suns would deafen the universe."_ ~ Gene Wolfe, _The Urth of the New Sun_

[@mrxmry3264]

in space no-one can hear you scream.

[@tarumph]

Hebridan is my favorite question. Concerning changing the direction of the Earth's rotation: You can do that now. Go to Australasia, or New Zealand, or South Africa, or Argentina.

[@FLPhotoCatcher]

He forgot that if the earth rotated in the opposite direction at the same speed, the length of the day would be different, and the number of days in a year would also be different.

[@PRAELIA_6]

Thanks Fraser!! I'll be watching the lives again from now on, it's been a few months hiatus. Love your channel!!!!!!

[@caerdwyn7467]

Re: Vehicles... I'd think the real challenge isn't structure, but thermals and chemistry and abrasion. Lunar regolith would tear the crap out of motors, bearings, hinges, anything that rubs on anything, and Martian soil chemistry has a bunch of perchlorates that could do interesting things over time (chlorine being the chemical equivalent of that guy that starts fights in bars). Temperature fluctuations on Mars aren't as bad as on the Moon, but still something to think about. Also... maintenance. No Jiffy lube on Luna (yet)! Whatever breaks up there has to be fixed up there with what was brought with it; whatever regular maintenance must be done is done by the people and the parts they already have. Send Toyota Hilux trucks. You can't kill 'em.

[@PetraKann]

“Astronomers say they have heard the sound of a black hole singing. And what it is singing, and perhaps has been singing for more than two billion years, they say, is B flat -- a B flat 57 octaves lower than middle C.” Could the Big Bang have a sound frequency or musical note associated with it?

[@chrisfleming701]

If understood it correctly, he said the sound waves were 200,000 light years long, I believe that would be the frequency. I could be mistaken though.

[@PetraKann]

@ We can calculate the frequency of a Bb note that is 57 octaves lower than middle C by using the following formula: N(O) = log(fu/fL)/log(2). fu = upper frequency fL = lower frequency N(O)=number of octaves So the frequency is very very very tiny: in fact equal to f = 466.2/(1O^189.4) hz Roughly 187 orders of magnitude smaller than 1 hz. Need a special Sub woofer for that Bb bass note and extremely sensitive ears 😁 (We are talking about the hum from a Black hole rather than the big bang sound) 200,000 light years is approximately 10^20 metres.

[@iancudmore9795]

As far as the xhulak question is concerned the big factor is actually about who you're talking to. If you're talking to an astronomer they'll tell you we have 8 planets. If you're talking to a geologist they're going to say 125 (or more) . I would then tend to find that then it comes down to *why* you're asking - is your interest related to further astronomical research, or something of a planetary Science question. A plumber and a farmer can both tell you what "plumb" is. But that's answers won't have anything to do with each other

[@MajSolo]

Because of moon dust there was an idea having the EVA suits hanging on the outside and you step into the suit from the inside never bringing the suit inside. Is that still the plan?

[@dtibor5903]

Probably yes, i see no other viable solution to keep the dust away from the astronauts.

[@LoricSwift]

It is probably the most sensible idea, but from what I have seen it is not currently being pursued. The are having enough trouble getting new EVA suits made as it is, ILC Dover bowed out of their contract for unknown reasons.

[@aalhard]

27:04 absolutely! Great idea

[@ososkid]

I’m afraid the Galileo Leaning Tower of Pisa story is most likely apocryphal. Though there’s no consensus between historians or mathematicians, many from both backgrounds think Galileo’s experiment was thought experiment where he imagined dropping bricks or blocks of the same shape with, perhaps, a single brick versus two others stacked on each other dropped from an equal height. I’m under the impression the stacking was to keep the wind profile of each as close as possible. There was a drop test done, I believe somewhere else in Europe, by if not a contemporary of Galileo someone near him in time.

[@LoricSwift]

Also I think the question was less about removing the mass from the earth and more about using it as reaction mass (maybe with some kind of orbital mass driver). That's how I took it anyway.

[@diegobarna]

Question for the next Q&A: Are there any plans to develop a successor to the Planck Space Observatory? Does it even make sense to get more detailed CMB data?

[@marck4219]

Thanks Fraser for another great episode! - In regards to the last question concerning global warming... rather than move the earths orbit, couldn't you put a large object between the earth and the sun that acts as an adjustable blind/shade?

[@danzephyr2797]

Awesome content, expressed in a captivating way, thank you, Fraser.

[@mhult5873]

Asuria Thank you for another, as always, great video!

[@jamesrichards8752]

So informative

[@tonywells6990]

The density of the universe after the big bang was of course enormously large (not a near vacuum until after the first few seconds) and it was expanding at near the speed of light.

[@SPR8364-0]

I don't feel that Pluto was demoted as much as it was reclassified into a more appropriate category. Now instead of being the smallest body in its classification, it is the biggest in its classification. It even has a whole class of objects nicknamed after it -- plutoids. How cool is that for Pluto?

[@josephsheehan6450]

Question: moving the earth with asteroids is awesome. Is there a way we could change the axial tilt? Would there be any benefit to doing so?

[@EmergentStardust]

Asuria!

[@justinasrubinovas6689]

How do planets with no moons capture their first moon or asteroid? Assuming one is flying past the planet in an hyperbolic orbit, what could cause it to decelerate at periapsis to get captured into elliptical/circular orbit without the aid of a third body (another previously captured moon)?

[@AstroTommy66]

In the early solar system, it would be all the gas and dust that still lingers around that would cause drag and slow objects down to get them captured around planets... Once all the gas and dust are gone this process would become much more rare, objects on hyperbolic trajectories would simply keep flying past and not get captured.

[@geminiguy9546]

Can you show us the best images we have of Titan's surface? What are the best hints of possible life being found there?

[@bovanshi6564]

Regrading the evaporation of black holes, what is the maximum energy particles/photons a regular black hole reaches in the final moment before it dissappear? If it from infrared, to gamma rays and so on there has to be a standard maximum wavelength it reaches, right?

[@Christheonetruechris]

Drear Frasier.. I have asked this multiple times. What is the best way to identify the solar nursery which created our sun? For the Fermi paradox. We have a sample size of 1. Would our star not be important? For us to better understand the possibility of biogenesis elsewhere? Why are there no efforts being made to discover the origins of our star?

[@frasercain]

The nebula that formed the Sun is long gone. The stars are separated across the Milky Way.

[@Morganstein-Railroad]

Alaris: Sound waves can travel in any medium with enough density. In the early universe, during the Big Bang and shortlly after the universe was a plasma. So - Sound could travel through this medium and we have evidence for this in the distribution of galaxies.This is evidence of what has been termed "Baryonic Acoustic Oscillations", which is not a sound as we would imagine, in spite of the word "Acoustic" being part of the name. Rather the distribution of the galaxies in a wave-like formation when they settled in position after the "sound Wave" stopped moving as tyhe density of the stellar medium dropped below a certain level and true space became transparent.

[@matthewBaker-q6j]

I was thinking about your answer to the black holes decreasing in size with mass, and that a black hole with a weight of 10,000,000 tonnes would be only an atom wide. If the black hole became smaller than this, wouldnt it start to be subject to certain quantum effects. If so, what would this mean to the black hole. Could the probability of areas inside the event horizon staying inside the event horizon go down too? Thanks as always for these fantastic videos.

[@RB-fs5rz]

By blasting off rockets from the surface of the Earth isnt the thrust of the rocket also either increasing or decreasing the Earths spin? Will this eventually be a problem if enough rockets blast off into space?

[@agentdarkboote]

We can approximate the earth as a solid sphere of matter, meaning its moment of inertia "I" is (2/5) M R^2 The angular frequency w is 2pi/(1day) The angular momentum is then L = I w = roughly 7x10^33 J s Imagine an extreme scenario: we take 1000 starship super heavy boosters and attached them to the equator pointing counter to the rotation of the planet, and kept them constantly fed with propellant. Also assume the atmosphere has no effect. There are 33,000 Raptor engines each applying 2.75MN to the earth at a radius of 6350km The rate of change of angular momentum of a body is equal to the total torque. Dividing 7x10^33 Js by the total torque gives a total stopping time of 385 million years. And aside from a few test fires here and there, we're mostly letting our rockets go once we light them, so they actually have very little effect on our rotational angular momentum. So I think we're good for a while.

[@ericsmith6394]

It's a fun question, but most launches eventually return to Earth and restore the momentum they took (minus whatever propellant escaped Earth). Only launches that forever leave Earth matter. You'd have to eject a significant percentage of Earth's mass to change the rotation. Digging the entire surface of the Earth down a few hundred miles and launching that into deep space might do it.

[@SD-vd3mh]

Belote: If you want an exact simulation of this, just pretend north is south and south is north and it would yield the exact same result. The spin direction all depends on how you name your poles.

[@Qrul]

What is the state of matter at the singularity of a black hole. Is it sub-quark material or even a lower state?

[@notmyname327]

Cartego

[@kruleworld]

"They appear to pause on the event horizon before they slowly fade away" aka, their splat mark takes a while to disappear. no one is 'landing' on the event horizon.

[@tscomponents33]

New episode happy day

[@victoroe454]

Is the milky way's core or the core of other similar galaxies as dense as globular clusters? Since they are said to be the core from older galaxies, were they arranged like that from the begining and that's how all galaxies cores look like?

[@chris-terrell-liveactive]

I like the idea of a campervan for the next visitors to Mars!

[@crispico4727]

I've understood that tiny wormholes exist in accordance with general relativity, but can't be normally traversed. Could we somehow "squeeze" or wink the wormhole mouth to send morse messages instantly across lightyears?

[@aalhard]

6:06 what about Planck energy?? There should be a minimum size that the black hole cannot emit further quanta.

[@brianmoreau5274]

Wouldn’t an orbiter with an aerogel type material configured in a large sail be sufficient to capture those thousands of minute particles? Dozens of small probes could probably deorbit a majority of the larger objects.

[@TheDougster123]

Cartego. But I'm a huge fan of science and cars

[@logiconabstractions6596]

About the sound of the big bang: Another way to see it -- The universe probably wasn't made up of mostly space, but mostly of hot stuff, and is probably best thought of a some kind of fluid. It's simply innacurate to consider it an extension of our currently mostly empty universe... & sapce....

[@PyroRob69]

With regards to the question about losing mass to control global warming, imagine if we spent the time and money educating people people who believe that, in the history of the temperature of the earth and how it has gotten colder and warmer over the past billion years.

[@caerdwyn7467]

Asuria... What is the maximum theoretical naturally occurring temperature? Where did/could this happen? Can we exceed that temperature artificially, in the same sense that the "coldest place in the universe" is in labs here on Earth that go below natural minimums?

[@LoricSwift]

I believe there is, I cant remember exactly what it is but it is related to E=MC^2. When the energy density of a given volume gets high enough particles will be created taking some of that energy with them; more energy creates more massive particles. We are probing these boundaries with our particle accelerators but I do not think we can get to the energy densities you would reach if you could go backwards in time to arbitrarily close the Big Bang (like millionths of a picosecond).

[@bprebula]

Love the thumbnail!!! 😂

[@ioresult]

You said you'd "provide a link in the show notes" to Peter Kohl's blog. What is the "Show Notes"? Where is it? I'm trying to find his blog and google is useless.

[@hive_indicator318]

It's the description under the video

[@ioresult]

@hive_indicator318 the link isn't there

[@analog2]

Fav: Ardena

[@DarkJK]

You can’t send any information out of a black hole. But can you send information IN to a space ship that have entered say a very big black hole?

[@EveryoneWhoUsesThisTV]

Does Planet Spin Matter?!!? :D Yes.... What a great question! No spin would be cataclysmic for earth.... Reversing the earth's spin would be cataclysmic for most countries and population centers (even if done gradually). An earth like planet with reverse spin would have mostly reversed weather patterns which would make life interesting for the farmer colonists! :)

[@brianmoreau5274]

If you observe an extremely close object under a high enough magnification, wouldn’t you be able to observe it in “real time” vs in the past when observing an extremely distant object?

[@alexalmeida8627]

Why don't we have more mission using radioisotope thermoelectric generators? Doesn't it increases complexity and cost to have these huge solar panels?

[@CelWasTaken]

Question: What would happen if a gamma ray burst hit earth? What would the damage be?

[@ericsmith6394]

If something falls into a black hole and is later released as Hawking radiation, how much time passed from the perspective of that object between going in and coming out? Or is the premise of this question nonsense?

[@crispico4727]

I wonder if there are tiny primordial black holes still around, that are moving at relativistic speeds so only a few million years have passed to them

[@phaedrus000]

"They're not going to get into a car accident on the moon" I wouldn't be so sure. I think you are underestimating our propensity for getting in car accidents. Even if we only ever put two cars on the moon, it will only be a matter of time before they hit each other.

[@alison4316]

I recently wondered, assuming you could get within a kilometer of it, how loud the sun is.....explosions, roars, and winds beyond my imagination.

[@doncarlodivargas5497]

I do not understand where the temperature in space after the big bang came from? We learn in school the temperature is atoms moving, but inside the "big bang" there can be no movement? And then no temperature?

[@aalhard]

12:56 people in Australia experience opposite spin from US

[@LoricSwift]

Honestly there is no logical reason why the number of planets orbiting our sun must be a small number. Pluto being classified as a Dwarf Planet does not stop it being a planet, its just a more specific designation - it literally says planet after 'Dwarf'. But people seem to forget that for... reasons.

[@BabyMakR]

Ardena. I've wondered that my self.

[@davidhawkins7138]

Doesn't crossing the equator make the Earth seem like it is rotating the other direction? This depends on your frame of reference. Facing the North Pole, East is to your right. Facing the South Pole, East is to your left.

[@AndreasPeters-r3e]

Not really, but maybe somehow? The sun will still rise in the east and set in the west, but it will go over the northern sky over noon, not the south. And the stars look different. As someone living on the northern hemisphere I always think how weird it is that I know the stars in the southern hemisphere better then in the northern hemisphere, because in europe I hardly ever see them. In the middle of my Megacity, I have to not only deal with light polution, but also 79% average cloud coverage. That´s why I never care about meteorite showers or eclipses or whatever. They are behind the clouds every single time anyways. That isn´t really related to your question, but this rant needed to get out of the system.... Sorry

[@davidhawkins7138]

@@AndreasPeters-r3e East is an arbitrary label that was developed in Europe. It is to the left if you look at the North Pole. If the definition for East had been developed in Australia, while looking at the nearest pole (South), it would be the mirror opposite, i.e.: it would be what we call West. Most people think of North as the top of the world, but I've seen maps in Australia with Antarctica on top. These make the point that the reference frame is arbitrary. There are two poles on a spinning sphere. One pole is just as good as the other. A storm moving left-to-right viewed from the North, is moving right-to-left if viewed from the South.

[@simfromzim]

Planet is simple. If it's spherical, and the main body it orbits is a star, it's a planet

[@Petteri82]

Oh no! It did not have the Q&A at the bottom. I almost mistook for any other Fraser Cain video that I was going to watch anyway.

[@Qrul]

Edora

[@AlexanderYap]

If the Earth spin is reversed, does it reverse the direction that the water circle the toilet bowl when you flush it?

[@Goatcha_M]

I'm ok with Dwarf Planets, but I don't think the debate is over with moons, because I don't think every tiny bit of Ice in Saturn's rings for example should be called a moon. 1. A Moon should have a stable orbit around a planet that will last for a reasonable period of time. Whether that's 1,000, 10,000, 100,000 or 1 Million years can be debated. But certainly not objects that will be lost within a year or two, let alone weeks. 2. A Moon should be large enough to form an approximate sphere. 3. If its too small for that but still has a significant size, say 10km, then its a Dwarf Moon. Re. Phobos and Deimos. 4. 1-10km Diameter is a Moonlet. 5. Below 1km its just a minor satellite.

[@sudazima]

i agree with your sentiment but youre making the same mistake as they did: making phobos a 'dwarf moon' means it has the word moon in the category and yet is NOT a moon, since here moons would be rounded. 'dwarf moon' like 'dwarf planet' implies its a type of moon/planet. instead i would use the word moonlet for anything thats bigish but not round in orbit around a planet, which includes phobos. instead i say: Planet: anything big n round but not shiny Star: big round and shiny Moon: a planet in orbit of a planet Moonlet: asteroid in orbit of a planet Asteroid: anything bigish but not round [[Planetar: big round and shinyish where the surface is dominated by convection rather than wind]] (this may or may not be a new useful category between planet and star) therefore dwarf planets and moons are a type of planet.

[@LoricSwift]

I have heard the larger more geologically complex moons described as 'worlds' by scientists that study them and their evolution. Before the arrival of the Pioneer and Voyager probes there was a general assumption that all moons would be mostly like our own Moon or Mercury, even if the material they were made out of different. We expected cold, cratered and dead places that were all boringly similar. Now it seems like almost every one is interesting and unique in its own way, even out to Pluto and Charon. It seems like the more we look and investigate, the more interesting they get.

[@LoricSwift]

@@sudazima People get so hung up on Pluto not being a planet just because it got a more specific description. Its really not much different than using the terms giant planet or gas giant/ice giant. Personally I kind of liked Issacs Asimov's term 'Mesoplanet' for everything between say the sizes of Ceres and Mercury and wish they had gone for that.

[@bobzjuronkl]

Mortician here w/a bit of a morbid Q. What's the plan for somebody dying on the 1st peopled Mars mission? Wouldn't burial on Mars mean eventual contamination?

[@slo3337]

A planet that spins "backwards"..... Yeah, just turn around 180° and your on a planet spinning "backwards". If you have a planet spinning against it's orbit around it's star, or against the rotation of the star or against the orbit of its moon, then there would be a difference in how long it takes the planet to become tidal locked. There would be a difference in how long the moon and sun stay in the sky each day also but that difference would be seconds per day and likely have no effect.

[@BlazinWolf25]

Fraser in the House!

[@aalhard]

11:04 when is your next EC update,

[@seawingtidal8594]

m struggling to find where to submit questions on mobile, coukd anyone give me directions?

[@frasercain]

You just did it

[@seawingtidal8594]

oh cool!!! i’ll submit mine right now then :]

[@seawingtidal8594]

if you can look into space and “see the past” due to being millions of lightyears away and time dilation, is there any possible or theoretical way to reverse that and see the future? any theory connecting to white holes? (basically time travel but instead of bringing ourselves to the future it’s moreso just perceiving it) I hope this reaches u!

[@congorecluse8111]

Alaris

[@sydrivers8311]

I have a done questions on kind of one you just talked about. If we did find another planet to go live on but the planet has a longer yr and days would we live longer? How are we attached to our planet? How do we actually know we have aged 1 yr? Have thought about this for many yrs.

[@HobieH3]

...except we've never actually observed Hawking Radiation

[@MusikCassette]

Edura: why do the lasers need to be in space? surely we can build stronger lasers here on earth. you are not in orbit with the debris you want to remove either way.

[@illustriouschin]

I'm writing a medieval vampire novel that takes place on the Moon. How well do you think horses would do on the Moon? I think they would touch the ground three times and be going fast enough to splatter.

[@Rob-eg8qc]

They wouldn't be able to run flat out like they do on earth because they would loose their balance.

[@agentdarkboote]

To push hard off the ground, you need to be pulled down hard into it first - they'd mostly teeter around and fall over, like astronauts do at first.

[@LoricSwift]

@@Rob-eg8qc Not to mention being out of breath XD

[@Rob-eg8qc]

@@LoricSwift very good point. Designing a space suit for a horse could prove difficult to make due to having the 4 legs and the long face.

[@LoricSwift]

@@Rob-eg8qc I would love to see some designs for that honestly!

[@goldenbear8696]

As Titan has lakes of methane ,and rains methane, could you set it on fire by striking a match?

[@jhonbus]

Belote: Hang on, I went to a planet that spun the other way once, and time went backwards! (according to my sundial, anyway - it didn't feel much different)

[@jhonbus]

In space, no-one can hear you make... whatever noise the Sun makes. I don't know what noise that is, on account of not being able to hear it, but if you make it, no-one will be able to hear you, so don't! Or do, I guess, it doesn't really matter.

[@tommy-er6hh]

I really like the orbit picture with Lagrange clouds at 34:45. nice!

[@aalhard]

28:38 unless there is a photo wall Definitely not smooth

[@animistchannel]

I think we should let the astronomers go ahead and define "planet" for themselves and general usage. After all, if we want to harken back to "original" notions of the concept, it would be anything that seems to drift or wander against the background of the starfield. That's everything in orbit around the sun, including the sun, so many billions of objects! Anyone getting upset over the in-field definition of the thing is being neurotic. The astonomers decided that orbital dominance was the standard, so that's the standard. You don't hear people out there whining about the definition of a watt or a kilogram or the atomic number of oxygen. It's a purely american nostalgic maladaptive issue because they think a cartoon character is cute and/or they can't accept that science moves on from when they were in freaking grade school. Real grownups live in a world where understanding and terminology evolve and improve.

[@JamesCairney]

Ardena

[@anthonygross226]

How loud was the Big Bang? All the volume

[@jimmyjames5960]

2 hours, unless the power goes out.

[@adamsfishingchannel514]

is there the technology to see radio waves? could be a way to find aliens.

[@RGAstrofotografia]

Could Earth pass through the event horizon of Sgr A* without being spaghettified?

[@AstroTommy66]

Re.: Belote I would argue that there is no way a planet could "spin the opposite that the Earth spins"... Simply because there is no up or down in space, there is also no different spinning directions. You want the Earth to spin the opposite way? Just turn your head "upside down" and look at the Earth with Antarctica on top instead of the North Pole... Then poof! Magic, the Earth now spins the "other way". Which is the same way any celestial body spins, the ONLY possible way, its just simply called spinning. Now maybe you mean relative to its magnetic field, because we know which magnetic pole is the North or South pole, we could assume the Earth spins "in a certain direction" relative to its magnetic field... But then what about when the magnetic poles reverse? Does that mean the Earth now flipped its spin direction as well? No, it doesn't. Spin direction is irrelevant to magnetic fields as they can flip once in a while. In space, there's only one possible way objet can rotate on themselves. Either "way" is the same way.

[@doncarlodivargas5497]

0:31 in space nobody can hear you bang , but actually....

[@sudazima]

its certainly not true the sun would sound that loudly here: firstly the loudest continuous sound possible in 194 db assuming earth sea level pressure, anything over this will be a series of shock waves. shock waves die out in any medium really rather quickly, tho how quick is very hard to estimate. assuming its anywhere near the sun 194 db attenuated over 150 M km would be inaudible. plus waves will tend to lengthen and spread out which will likely mean theyre loo low frequency for us to hear anyway by the time they arrive. yes i would redefine planet as simply anything thats big round and not shining like a star, including moons. the current definition is really rather stupid

[@KachZz]

Once you black hole, you can never go back hole.

[@Qrul]

What will the recent election results mean to future space exploration?

[@SantaClause-m9h]

missed the perfect opportunity to say no one can here you scream in space!

[@cykkm]

ALARIS. It always pleases me when someone thinks outside the box, and I want to thank robertanderson5092 for their question! Indeed, the very early Universe was packed with matter to the brim: there was roughly as much of it as there is today but inside much less space. Matt O'Dowd of PBS Spacetime has an accessible explainer video on the baryon acoustic oscillation (BAO), as they are called: kzbin.info/www/bejne/hoHThqulmtSikM0si=Fa_8UYzduHCbw9pG

[@urdnal]

Please don't change that thumbnail

[@RandomUser311]

If the Earth turned backwards the Sun would finally rise in the west.

[@BestBFam]

❤

[@richardreumerman5449]

"In space, no one can hear you big bang"

[@richardreumerman5449]

Follow-up question on changing earth's orbit with asteroids a little bit each flyby, is Apophis going to do this when it approaches earth soon?

[@billmilosz]

For a Mars rover, it will probably be a Tesla....

[@senamy424]

Do mathematicians have a formula ? describing mass as a function of time ? m=f(t) ?

[@justfellover]

You need 93 million miles of string and 2 tin cans.