V6--vs--L6--引擎好处与坏处--为什直列式6气缸发动机被淘汰❓V6 vs L6 Good Or Bad Which One Is Better ❓

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流海四眼仔

流海四眼仔

Жыл бұрын

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V6引擎:
所有 V6 发动机(无论气缸组之间的 V 角如何)都会受到由直列三缸发动机组成的每个气缸组引起的主要不平衡,因为每个气缸组中的气缸数为奇数。直列六缸发动机和六缸发动机不会出现这种不平衡。为了减少由这种不平衡引起的振动,大多数 V6 发动机在曲轴和/或反向旋转平衡轴上使用谐波阻尼器。
由于六缸发动机的动力冲程重叠,六缸设计的动力传递比四缸发动机的脉动更小。在四缸发动机中,在任何给定时间只有一个活塞处于做功冲程。每个活塞在下一个活塞开始其做功冲程之前完全停止并反转方向,这导致做功冲程之间的间隙,尤其是在较低的发动机转速 (RPM) 下。在具有均匀点火间隔的六缸发动机中,下一个活塞在前一个活塞完成之前 60° 开始其做功冲程,从而使动力更平稳地传递到飞轮。
在测功机上比较发动机,V6 发动机显示瞬时扭矩峰值高于平均扭矩 154%,谷值低于平均扭矩 139%,在做功冲程之间有少量负扭矩(发动机扭矩反转)。在四缸发动机的情况下,峰值大约比平均扭矩高 270%,比平均扭矩低 210%,在冲程之间传递 100% 的负扭矩。然而,具有 90° 和 150° 不均匀点火间隔的 V6 显示出比平均扭矩高出 185% 和低于平均扭矩 172% 的大扭矩变化。
V6 Engine:
All V6 engines-regardless of the V-angle between the cylinder banks-are subject to a primary imbalance caused by each bank consisting of an inline-three engine, due to the odd number of cylinders in each bank. Straight-six engines and flat-six engines do not experience this imbalance. To reduce the vibrations caused by this imbalance, most V6 engines use a harmonic damper on the crankshaft and/or a counter-rotating balance shaft.
Six-cylinder designs have less pulsation in the power delivery than four-cylinder engines, due to the overlap in the power strokes of the six-cylinder engine. In a four-cylinder engine, only one piston is on a power stroke at any given time. Each piston comes to a complete stop and reverses direction before the next one starts its power stroke, which results in a gap between power strokes, especially at lower engine speeds (RPM). In a six-cylinder engine with an even firing interval, the next piston starts its power stroke 60° before the previous one finishes, which results in smoother delivery of power to the flywheel.
Comparing engines on a dynamometer, a V6 engine shows instantaneous torque peaks of 154% above mean torque and valleys of 139% below mean torque, with a small amount of negative torque (engine torque reversals) between power strokes. In the case of a four-cylinder engine, the peaks are approximately 270% above mean torque and 210% below mean torque, with 100% negative torque being delivered between strokes. However, a V6 with uneven firing intervals of 90° and 150° shows large torque variations of 185% above and 172% below mean torque.
直列六缸发动机:
直列六缸发动机实际上处于完美的初级和次级机械平衡,无需使用平衡轴。发动机处于初级耦合平衡状态,因为前后三个气缸是镜像的,并且活塞成对移动(当然,360° 异相和 4 冲程循环的不同冲程)。也就是说,活塞#1 反映#6、#2 反映#5 和#3 反映#4,很大程度上消除了否则会导致的极地摇摆运动。
由于曲轴有六个曲柄,布置在三个偏移 120° 的平面上,因此在很大程度上避免了二次不平衡。结果是由活塞偏离纯正弦运动引起的大部分二次力总和为零。具体来说,二阶(两倍曲柄速度)和四阶惯性自由力(参见发动机平衡文章)总和为零,但六阶及更高阶非零。在大多数应用中,这通常是一个很小的贡献,但对于非常大的位移可能很重要,尽管在这些应用中,通常和有利地使用长连杆减少了活塞运动中的二次(二阶和向上)振荡。
L6 Engine:
An inline six engine is in practically perfect primary and secondary mechanical balance, without the use of a balance shaft. The engine is in primary couple balance because the front and rear trio of cylinders are mirror images, and the pistons move in pairs (but of course, 360° out of phase and on different strokes of the 4-stroke cycle). That is, piston #1 mirrors #6, #2 mirrors #5, and #3 mirrors #4, largely eliminating the polar rocking motion that would otherwise result.
Secondary imbalance is largely avoided because the crankshaft has six crank throws arranged in three planes offset at 120°. The result is that the bulk of the secondary forces that are caused by the pistons' deviation from purely sinusoidal motion sum to zero. Specifically, the second-order (twice crank speed) and fourth-order inertial free forces (see engine balance article) sum to zero, but the sixth-order and up are non-zero. This is typically a tiny contribution in most applications, but may be significant with very large displacements, despite the usual and advantageous use of long connecting rods reducing the secondary (second-order and up) oscillation in the piston motion in those applications.

Пікірлер: 17
@xn5882
@xn5882 Жыл бұрын
我个人喜欢那种长长的车头,看起来就很澎湃。
@jasonp88
@jasonp88 Жыл бұрын
有品味 😍😍😍
@simu0430
@simu0430 7 ай бұрын
v6 Busso 也是經典
@user-mq5zs7nn9k
@user-mq5zs7nn9k 4 ай бұрын
最好的黃金配重個人認為是前4x、後5x,市上已經有120度低重心V6發動機了
@user-gk1bg3ud4i
@user-gk1bg3ud4i Жыл бұрын
在过去 自吸时代 单个缸排气量都做的很大 且 代表技术先进的 发动机都是以v8 v12 为主。所以用v型 应该是顺应潮流且v型还有能跟前驱平台共享的优势 。奔驰原先是有做直6后来是v6 又回到直6 除了生产成本 又遇到了 涡轮时代 (当今涡轮时代3.0都算大排量了...) 其实横置前驱车 配备直6的 我知道有2款 沃尔沃 跟 大宇 都有造过
@jasonp88
@jasonp88 Жыл бұрын
说得有道理。。。可以进一步研究谢谢
@Viroulu
@Viroulu Жыл бұрын
我有一台沃尔沃直六S60,驾驶乐趣还是有一些的。高速超车之类的机动,还没有动力不足之虞。
@jasonp88
@jasonp88 10 ай бұрын
你的解说说得对,对排气量我有些看法,对那些排气量增税不太明显的国家就比较多大排气量车型,对马来这边就有很明显的税差,就说 6.0 排气量在这边每年路税马币 15630 算成每个月要上交 1302.5, 开不开这台车都得交这个税。。。。。在美国就没有这项税收,但有年度汽车注册税,额度要参考各州属。。。。不按排气量征收税费。。。。谢谢
@jasonp88
@jasonp88 10 ай бұрын
新加坡更不用说了。。。。宇宙最贵车价。。。。这还只能开10年就要报废,不报废还得交 COE 拥车证,所以有一部分爱车族都会在马来买车或将新加坡报废车开来这边收藏。。。。@@
@user-gs3tl4tq6x
@user-gs3tl4tq6x 4 ай бұрын
麥拉倫也都用V6
@mannikonig2495
@mannikonig2495 4 ай бұрын
MX-3 with 1.8V6 is even smaller 🙂
@lomolomo8908
@lomolomo8908 8 ай бұрын
這字幕到底是什麼...
@user-uq1wq2mz2q
@user-uq1wq2mz2q Жыл бұрын
我是直6发动机(1JZ)。
@jasonp88
@jasonp88 Жыл бұрын
1jz 2jz b58 rb20det rb25det rb25-neo rb26dett OM617 1kz N55 S55 Barra🥰🥰🥰😘😘😘
@user-uq1wq2mz2q
@user-uq1wq2mz2q Жыл бұрын
@@jasonp88 其实,我感觉,直列6缸才是最完美的发动机,因为它的结构天生就不会出现抖动。(直6发动机的一阶惯性力、一阶惯性力距,二阶惯性力、二阶惯性力距,都是完美抵消的,而且6次点火,也不会出现点火动力的中断)。 直6除了太长,安装在车里不太好装以外,其它方面基本上都很完美好。 而V6就需要做配重进行平衡。。
@wen-holee8162
@wen-holee8162 4 ай бұрын
錯字一堆看了很難過
@user-yc9jg8tt8p
@user-yc9jg8tt8p 4 ай бұрын
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