Webb Telescope might have Found Stars Powered by Dark Matter

[@SabineHossenfelder]

Hi All !I have an eye infection & can't wear my contact lenses, hence the glasses. 👓I know the reflections are kind of annoying but we will be back to normal next week hopefully. (Much better already.)

[@O_Lee69]

Gute Besserung

[@Thomas-gk42]

good, that you posted that, otherwise there would have been al lot of comments about that, thank you again for your work, being so reliable.

[@daarom3472]

they are cool! Feel free to use them every now and then.

[@keithalderson100]

Be very careful, eye infections can cost one one's eye... Richard Vobes a KZbin streamer from the UK learned this the hard way. Great guy is Richard, good streams on dealing with the growing trend for government to be oppressive even tyrannical!

[@AnyOtherNamePlease]

I hope you get well soon. Best wishes from the UK 🇬🇧

[@ericwadebrown]

Haha, I heard Sabine say, James Webb spotted a "geezer" on one of Saturn's moons. I got excited to hear how that old man got there.

[@brothermine2292]

That's why I pronounce "geyser" as Gi-zer. (The American pronunciation.) The principle is to avoid unnecessary homophones, to avoid false excitations of listeners.

[@SabineHossenfelder]

www.oxfordlearnersdictionaries.com/definition/english/geyser?q=geyser

[@lhfirex]

It's how Brits tend to say "geyser" as well and it really confused me when I first heard that pronunciation, because it was even harder to pick up the context.

[@TheWayOfRespectAndKindness]

@@SabineHossenfelder Americans think we’re weyser.

[@owlredshift]

They used to call me "gay sir" back in high school

[@namesurname9959]

I eagerly await Sabine’s weekly news! The best midweek entertainment available!

[@jwhippet8313]

This is the only science channel I trust on KZbin. All the others I've seen are interesting but are careless with being clear about what questions are scientific questions and which are speculations that need a different discipline to reason out.

[@RealPi]

I watch your science news with friends during our lunch break where we zoom-discord as we walk on our treadmills. We know how important health news also is, so we all wish you to get well soon!

[@lesliespeaker668]

You have some really cool friends.

[@odomobo]

This is the most post-pandemic thing I've ever heard

[@sarahrosen4985]

@@odomobo yes, and I LOVE it!

[@RealPi]

We've been doing online meetups like this for years due to distance xD

[@vast634]

When Sabines show is on, I have to sit upright and neat, and stop playing with the phone.

[@TanyaLairdCivil]

I love that the term "dark star" has come full circle. Historically, the term "dark star" referred to conventional stars that were simply so massive that light could not escape them. Of course, post-relativity, we know that such an object would inevitably collapse into a black hole. But in the 1800s, the term "dark star" didn't necessarily mean a singularity, but they were considered as just regular stars so large that the light they emitted would fall back up on them.

[@billballinger5622]

They are stars that havent fully materialized yet

[@Deciheximal]

A proper dark star would be a star made of dark matter, emitting dark photons that only interact with our matter via gravity.

[@pedrobarao4558]

​@@Deciheximalso what the hell is dark photon?

[@Lund.J]

"Dark star" is the first phase of solar(-system) evolution, where the primal substance is still undiffrentiated ("without form"): Only element that exists is HEAT ("warmth-ether"). Its nature is dualistic ("ether-matter") and it is in rotating motion, forming a vortex around the center (macrocosmic heat-vortex and it manifests as "gravitation"). This is the first "phase of matter". It is also element "fire". It is the first development state of Solar-system (and "earth" i.e. matter). It is sometimes called the "1st day of creation". Our Solar System has also gone through this phase, extending to Saturn's (current) orbit. Second "phase of matter": Happens a dualistic transformation (of element "fire"): Gaseous element, that is "densification" ("air") appears with light-ether, that is "thinning" (electromagnetic force, that is transformation of heat into diffrent size-scale): Light penetrates gaseous element. This is a "Sun-state" ("2nd day of creation"). Light and dark ("smoke") periods follow each other. Shrinking (Jupiter's orbit) and densification of element fire (2nd transformation). Third "phase of matter": third transformation of element "fire": Liquid ("water") appears with magnetic ether: This means, that "Sun" ejects molten densifications around it... ("third day of creation". Shrinking to Mars' orbit; Moon and Earth form a one celestial body). 4th "phase of matter": 4th transformation of element "fire": Solid ("mineral", chrystallization) appears with life-ether. Mars collides with Moon-Earth separating those. More shrinking (of Sun). "4th Day of Creation"... "Dark star" describes the first "phase of matter" (element fire). Infrared and dim brown dwarf is a diffrent thing. etc...

[@Lund.J]

In a black hole, at the border of event horizon, all matter transforms to heat (1st law of thermodynamic). When the heat spirals, in the black hole, from the event horizon towards the singularity in the middle, it transforms into shorter wavelenghts until it is spiralling around the singularity as "bent light" (Gamma-radiation). Quark-sized vortex, that is singularity in the middle, is a gateway between ether and matter. Its "rotation" intensifies with the matter that falls into the black hole and transforms into intense bent gamma-radiation (in the middle). All matter that falls into event horizon, transforms into heat (i.e. gamma-radiation). Angular momentum of vortex in the middle (=singularity) grows extremely fierce, when black hole grows. That "spin" intensifies the "spin" of event horizon which in turn increases the size of event horizon (=entropy grows); Increasing spin of the etheric vortex, in the middle, makes the black hole to grow i.e. event horizon to grow. Part of the angular momentum transforms to heat in the border of the event horizon. Escaping heat is called "Hawking radiation". When the black hole "evaporates" through this escaping heat (Hawking radiation), event horizon becomes smaller. When It is small enough, the angular momentum rips the black hole into pieces and releases the spiralling, bent, gamma-radiation in explosion. Fierce and macrocosmic etheric (heat) vortex has a direction; is from matter to ether (inwards). "For a spontaneous process, the entropy of the universe increases." (2nd law) Heat flows spontaneously outside from matter, according to second law. And inwards heat vortex of black hole sucks it: This causes a force, that is called "gravitation". It is caused by outgoing heat-quantums.

[@luke_fabis]

Regarding the mechanical counter, that buckling mechanism could be used to actuate other compliant mechanisms, and make the whole metamaterial change its behavior in discrete steps in a force-dependent manner. It's another development in the field of programmable materials.

[@joshuascholar3220]

It's nice to see a science magazine recommended. Subscribed.

[@mariodegroote6756]

deepest respect for your work, and sharing knowledge with us. stay strong sabine, the masses needs education!

[@Thomas-gk42]

❤😊

[@incoprea]

Your videos are always a breath of fresh air :)

[@incoprea2]

I concur

[@amedeeabreo7334]

Big love for your science and your sense of humor! Here are my silly reactions: Geezers and Geysers are both old and unpredictable objects that spew vapors. But the names are pronounced differently ...... Also the best recording of "Dark Star" was best performed on the 1969 Grateful Dead Live Album. Give it a listen while you compose your next video. The lyrics start out: " Dark star crashes, pouring it's light into ashes..."

[@SabineHossenfelder]

www.oxfordlearnersdictionaries.com/definition/english/geyser?q=geyser

[@javamanV3]

Not to mention the last album by David Bowie.

[@Thomas-gk42]

Grateful Dead, great music, Jerry Garcia already dead 😢

[@MNbenMN]

@@SabineHossenfelder Not that chiefly British pronunciations are in anyway less correct than their American counterparts, but I do tend to wonder if the majority demographic of the viewers of your videos would use Webster's dictionary before referring to the Oxford dictionary. Anyway, the metrics on engagement are probably better to stick with the more controversial option. ;) I did think of "old person" first, but the context was very clear that it was a geyser being discussed. BTW, cool glasses. I hope the eye infection has cleared up!

[@Michaelw777.52]

Outstanding as always. Thanks.

[@jonka1]

Loved the phone conversation with Rishi. I hope he understood what you told him.

[@brendakrieger7000]

Thanks so much for doing these science news videos💜

[@baibastrazdins]

Gotta love the humour. Excellent presentation as always. Thank you

[@eonasjohn]

Thank you for the science news.

[@EstamosDe]

This is one of the best part of weednesday

[@mito._]

I'm just imagining an alien in Maisie's galaxy, peering over at our Milky Way galaxy (one of the oldest galaxies in its skies) and just calling it "Boglorshogt's Galaxy" or "Pete's Galaxy" or something.

[@MCsCreations]

Thanks for the news, Sabine! 😊 Stay safe there with your family! 🖖😊

[@mwmentor]

Interesting, educational, and entertaining... What's not to like. Thanks for a great channel and I hope that you get well soon... 🙂

[@Darkmattermonkey77]

I love the sheer size of the visible universe, the understanding that by comparison, our world isn’t even a galactic pebble of sand, on the beach of the universe.

[@richardwebb9532]

...and yet, would the universe in all its glory exist if there was no one around to observe it?

[@brianyoung9014]

Hello Sabine thanks for another great video.

[@Turandot29]

My name is also Sabina and I am enchanted by Sabine H’s lighthearted and informative video.

[@mcerruti77]

I've been following you for a long time and I love your music.

[@epelly3]

Elon casually telling us he doesn't understand the standard model without telling us he doesn't understand the standard model

[@rhnirsilva652]

WHAT does ellon undestand tbh

[@dodokgp]

The rubber counting device looks to me like a mechanical equivalent of a analog to digital converter. The number (integer) of deflected beams (bit going from 0 to 1) increasing linearly with the continuous load applied on top.

[@juicedelemon]

9:06

[@Kevin_Street]

That's a neat idea! I wonder if you could set up rubber beams to do calculations, sort of like an abacus does. They'd need to interact with each other somehow...

[@mattslaboratory5996]

It's interesting to see there's an icon now for a quantum computer, as seen in the diagrams in the bit about encryption. No doubt it will change, but for now it's a little vertical combination of cylinders and discs. Something to keep an eye on.

[@nziom]

this is the best Elon bit yet it genuinely made me laugh out loud not just air from my nose

[@braindecay9477]

Did he actually tweet that? I can't tell anymore

[@By-Haven]

@@braindecay9477 Yes, this is sadly a real tweet in response to the question "Can AI become conscious", it is baffling how people think this guy is smart

[@braindecay9477]

@@By-Haven oh shit, well ... Musk be muskin... Thanks for clarifying this :)

[@jg6258]

thx sabine another great video from you! are you ever getting back in the studio to drop an album for us though... the people need new sabine music

[@Thomas-gk42]

absolutly right🎶

[@billwindsor4224]

Dr. Hossenfelder, excellent job on this: informative reporting with dashes of humor also! I am looking into the Nautilus subscription for science content, from your recommendation. _Thank you!_

[@IsmaelCisnerosHernandez]

I have been a subscriber of Dr. Hossenfelder's channel for quite a time now, and only had watched the videos explaining a singular topic. It is the first time I watch a Weekly Science News video and, my God!, it was really good (of course), but the cherry on top of it was verifying Dr. Hossenfelder's sense of humor at the end of each science new, and of course, that shading of Musk. 🤣

[@toddreese2145]

I love the look on your face when the phone rings. I laugh every dang time. 😂

[@JesterAzazel]

-see video about dark matter stars -watch to about a minute, twenty seconds -pause to see if Sabine made a video about dark matter stars -exit other video and watch Sabine instead

[@Chris-hx3om]

I actually like the glasses. . Was really glad to see them back.

[@sythys_]

8:56 'you can see in this chart', made me chuckle. ~Shows Chart with about 150 Data points for seven seconds.

[@ablebaker8664]

Cosmologist: "Galaxies don't behave as we think they ought. There must be new stuff." Particle Physicist: "I can't find it... We need a bigger [ $ ]." Astronomer: "Oh look, [Dark Matter of the Gaps] a fuzzy red spot." Sabine: "Oh FFS..."

[@johnforensicman6179]

I loved the 'counting rubber' but I wanted to know what happened when it got to the end. Did it start counting 'backwards'?

[@lkwakernaak]

No it just ends and you stay in the final state. In the paper have the convention of saying the material "counts down". We define the state by the number of beams to the left and that number of beams goes down until you hit 0. From 0 you stay in 0 which is kind of nice from a computer-y perspective. You can reset the counter by letting go for a couple of seconds and then you start from the initial state again.

[@Finkelthusiast]

I have gotten the point of skipping all Quantum computing news. The mismatch between the hype and the actually capabilities is too much to keep track of right now. Can't wait to check back in 15 years.

[@DrDeuteron]

Maybe fusion, room temp superconductors, and quantum computers…and string theory can all be in one journal… the journal of not happening in your lifetime.

[@Finkelthusiast]

@@DrDeuteron haha exactly, every big headline seems to be 10 years away from being 10 years away in reality for those subjects.

[@WyomingGuy876]

Sabine, you're a gem!

[@nunomaroco583]

All the best, thanks to clarify so much things. ....

[@123Shel12]

Glasses? I didn’t notice them. I guess I’ll have to watch your video again 😊

[@Desertphile]

_Luke Skywalker and the Dark Star_ is the next Disney film in the series. Post Script: did you WIGGLE in your previous video, or was that my dirty imagination?

[@jasonmoore442]

My goodness I love this lady.

[@KeithCooper-Albuquerque]

Sorry to hear about your eye infection. You look cute in your glasses (and cute without them). But mainly, thanks for all of your content. I am really learning a lot!

[@daniellfidalgo]

Hello Sabine. I work for the Oil&gas industry, and always wondered why we don't burn platic in electric power plants instead of just only burning gas or oil? The total amount of CO2 will be the same and we eliminate the plastic waste, also if we use CO2 in site capture sytems we can make greener energy.

[@partiallysightedpaul]

Love your work.

[@ocircles738]

There is something about the way you speak that makes me feel like after some dramatic event, you'd present to me an old journal and/or some artifact which proves my father never abandoned me and was a good guy all along, starting me on a grand journey into Africa to seek out the truth which may or may not involve aliens, nazis, ninjas, ghosts or anything in between, finally leading to some other world/inner earth as I follow in his footsteps

[@reblackened]

The rubber counter might be useful in metal fatigue sensing.

[@panislasya7119]

Nice glasses btw. Been wearing those myself for ~2 decades

[@namenloss730]

for the counting rubber: there are so many possibilities of things to do with it. Especially if we can make them periodic

[@ikerloop950]

Can you please talk about the Quantum Drive, some company will do a test in October to see if it works, the article says it defies physics and would change our understanding about inertia, I really want to know how that work

[@Mankepanke]

Just the fact that it uses "Quantum" in the name makes all my woo-alarms go off. 🚨🚨

[@yt.personal.identification]

10:49 This has many applications. To a minecraft redstone expert they would see a weighted pressure plate, or a comparator than has multiple output strengths. 1. A machine that needs to measure a specific weight. Sense when the correct piece moves right and stop the fill. This in manufacturing and shipping is awesome. 2. A road sensor. If an overweight truck drove over something like this it would be instantly detectable. 3. Circuit - it can detect variable input strengths. Basically, a port that does mone than on/off. This is genuinely game changing in MANY things.

[@allenaxp6259]

The three objects that the team identified in JWST data are all very large and have no visible light emissions. This is consistent with the idea that they are dark stars. However, more data is needed to confirm that these objects are indeed dark stars.

[@alansmithee419]

Is the reason they don't emit visible light because WIMPs have no charge? Normally something that hot would be emitting a lot.

[@Thomas-gk42]

​@@alansmithee419they don't interact electromagnetic, so not with any EM-radiation like light. If they would exist...

[@allenaxp6259]

@@alansmithee419 There are a few possible explanations for why the three objects that the team identified in JWST data do not emit any visible light. One possibility is that they are dark stars. Dark stars are a hypothetical type of star that is powered by dark matter, rather than by nuclear fusion. Dark matter is a mysterious substance that makes up about 85% of the matter in the universe, but we don't know much about it. Dark stars are thought to be formed when a cloud of dark matter collapses under its own gravity. We just need more data on these objects.

[@alphagt62]

Now that we see just how much more we’ve learned from JWST over Hubble, I’m excited for the next, even larger telescope!

[@alansmithee419]

@@alphagt62 Coming soon to a turn of the century near you!

[@RFC3514]

6:00 - While that is technically true, it's kind of missing the point of how secure communications work. You wouldn't just send a non-encrypted message. You'd send a message encrypted with a one-time pad (which by definition isn't "crackable") and check if it arrived without being intercepted. If it did, _then_ you'd send the OTP in a separate transmission. If the first message was intercepted, then you'd start over with a different OTP. It wouldn't even matter if the OTP was intercepted, because by then you'd know the ciphertext message hadn't been, and the OTP is useless without that. "Charlie" would always have to intercept *both* to have access to the plaintext message, but he'd never get both if you were able to detect the first had been intercepted. So, simply being able to detect (for sure) if a message was intercepted *is* enough to ensure its contents can't be decrypted.

[@shegosilver4722]

"And that's science for you, where dark stars are bright, and a thousand degrees are cold".😂

[@HenriFaust]

FYI: You could use the rubber counter to operate purely mechanical equipment in extreme environments like within Venus's atmosphere.

[@michaelsommers2356]

Until the sulfuric acid in the atmosphere dissolves it. Which will take about three minutes.

[@alphagt62]

I’d imagine the 900+ degree weather might be bad for rubber?

[@c.augustin]

@@alphagt62 To be fair - this idea might be possible to implement with other materials. Often enough you don't know what to do with an interesting idea/solution, until someone stumbles upon it and finds and application (or needs a solution that nobody thought of before).

[@lkwakernaak]

@@c.augustin Indeed, the design isn't unique and could be modified to suit different materials. The beams could be taller so that the strains are smaller and materials with a smaller elastic range could be used. Maybe you could stick it in a holder with a different coefficient of thermal expansion and record the thermal cycles of Venus?

[@alphagt62]

@@c.augustin oh I agree! But extreme heat could present a problem for any plastics or rubber. There are a lot of genius’s in the world, and people of different expertise that’ll know exactly what it’s good for.

[@REMdonor]

good morning sabine!

[@Thomas-gk42]

Reliable, interesting, entertaining and making smarter,💚

[@msromike123]

LOL, what are the odds of aliens being close enough to make contact or have had time to travel the distances (light cone and all that.). Thanks for this.

[@eytansuchard8640]

Thank you Sabin and also thank you for the humor. If Dark Stars are positively charged, the fusion process is slowed down due to electrostatic repulsion in the range of 10^-11 m or higher. On the other hand at least one model predicts extra gravity by positive charge, although charge in this theory is not coupled with a velocity based bivector, this bivector is also not inertial but is part of an inertial energy momentum tensor. There is a one page research offer list in DOI:10.13140/RG.2.2.14100.27524

[@imeprezime1285]

That object has more mass (thus gravitational energy) when electrostatically charged is known from Theory of relativity. Similarly, heated up chunk of material has extra mass if compared to the same cold chunk. The reason is bounded energy.

[@eytansuchard8640]

@@imeprezime1285 Charge based gravity is not anticipated by mainstream physics. You can read the paper. It leads to a new propulsion technology.

[@eytansuchard8640]

@@imeprezime1285 The outcome of the geometric chronon field theory is many orders of magnitude higher than the predicted value from SR. This is why the Bullet Cluster extra gravity can be explained by positive charge of its hot positively ionized gas. I recommend that you thoroughly read "Electro-gravity via geometric chronon field and on the origin of mass" in ResearchGate. It is a much better version than the peer reviewed paper from 2017. The quantum leap is non-geodesic geometry as the reason for force fields and thus for mass. Notice the special formalism of the Reeb vector as an acceleration description in one Lagrangian plane. The complete acceleration matrix is actually a 4*4 symplectic matrix with two acceleration planes / Lagrangian planes. The resulting symplectic form is not use on any phase space. It is directly used on spacetime. To understand the idea, it is best if you can read the paper on uniform acceleration by Tzvi Scarr and Yaakov Friedman although the acceleration matrix in the geometric chronon field theory has a very different meaning. Reeb vectors in their generalized form in the theory, measure how much gradients of scalar fields are not geodesic, or bend. The energy of mass is this "bending energy" which leads to a new description of the electric field which is completely based on geometry. With 2 Reeb vectors it is possible to describe the electro-weak interaction and with 3 Reeb vectors, it is possible to describe the strong force. Thank you for your reply.

[@damianwebzyx6613]

The real clever and smart in one person 🎉🎉🎉

[@Darisiabgal7573]

The problem with dark stars is the following. So lets imagine that our earth was a gravitational point source and that dark matter could not interact with that point even if it was infinitely small. If we take all the possible points which could be used to form earth from the protoplanetary disk and at each of these points we say there is a small but meaningful proportion of points at any given timeslice that are dark matter. If we run the clock forward we see that the amount of space form which earth formed is hundreds of times larger that earths gravity well, and the earth is a tiny fraction of the size of its gravity well. This sounds like rambling until on adds onto this there are two classes of particles, those that experience friction and coalesce by heating due to collision and radiation, and those that conserve thermodynamics gravitational energy by no friction or heating, dark matter. In this model all dark matter is either in frictionless motion or will gain kinetic energy by it relative position to the gravity well. Relative to the gravity well specific E = 1/2 v^2 - mu/r where v is the velocity outside of the gravity well and mu is the celestials gravitational constant. What the equation fortells is that darkmatter will accelerate as it approaches its minimum radius, that the specific energy will be conserved as it exits the SOI and the thermodynamic potential will be restored. This can be modeled by the unitary flow of particles around a point mass, the so called 2 body problem where energy is conserved. If you throw a basketball through an imaginary hoop, it travels around the point mass earth defined above and goes through the hoop again and again, as long as there are no friction to slow it down. The same thing would happen to any dark matter that entered a stars sphere of influence and then leave. The typical datk matter particle would be traveling at 10,000s of meters per second and accelerate to 100,000s of meters per second as it entered the stars corona. Given a star a 10E9 meters across we can estimate the amount of time the dark matter would remain in the star, as being less than 10E4 seconds, a few hours, the majority of the time dark matter would spend, either in interstellar space or in eccentric orbits about the star. So we have to have a theory about dark matter, it must have formed in the early universe as a result of very high energy physics (otherwise we would be able to detect it statistically via energy losses in collisions). Since it would have to form early its presence is a function of space time and gravitational focusing. Thus a good assumption always that for any early mapping of comoving spacetime that dark matter must be either at rest or moving with respect to comoving space time. This is also true with molecular hydrogen, but with molecular hydrogen the variability in motion vectors cause collisions, sometimes non-elastic collisions that result in heat production and loss of heat to the expansion of space. As a consequence as a general rule while dark matter can orbit a center of more dense matter in space, overtime as space cools, hydrogen will slowly coalesce into stars and galaxies. The dark matter would remain in a hamiltonian with the highest order structure or intergalactic, and therefore we can assume dark matter always has velocity with respect to any spatially defined structure within that higher order structure. Apon entering any lower order structure the velocity increases with respect to the lower order structure and then decreases. There are possible exceptions. Black holes might capture dark matter through relativistic effects. One could have dark matter structures like Torii in which stars form within the torus, in which the mass in the torus is extremely high. The problem with that is the first exception, once dark matter forms a black hole, its going to coalesce all the dark matter in torus. Bottom line, is I doubt there are dark matter stars. My opinion is that if you had densities (better said dynamic equilibrium densities) of dark matter in excess of 80% of a stars mass the local density of dark matter would need to be so great that there is nothing to stop black hole formation.

[@MichaelBarclay]

Phone calls with Elon are the best, especially when Elon has no clue what the Standard Model is

[@ageofdoge]

Elon does have a degree in physics.

[@MichaelBarclay]

@@ageofdoge That kind of makes things worse, doesn't it?

[@spatialvision4191]

And you know that based on one sentence. You must be a remarkably clever.

[@ageofdoge]

@@MichaelBarclay Makes what worse? What has he done that someone with a physics degree shouldn't have?

[@AZOffRoadster]

Dark Star is a great movie. Carpenter's first, with a budget of hundreds of dollars.

[@AlexWalkerSmith]

I'm diggin' those frames, Sabine 👍🏻

[@FlaviusAspra]

Regarding the universe being almost double the age: Could it be that it's just a reflection, like in a mirror? I'm not a physicist, but when I hear about "something double" involving staring at something, I think immediately: it's a mirror Maybe this universe is someone else's black hole, and space and time switch places if we stare back in time enough.

[@flippert0]

'Dark Star' (1974, director: John Carpenter) is hilarious! I recommend everyone to watch it.

[@John.0z]

"Let there be light."

[@scienceoftheuniverse9155]

I love you Sabine

[@VFella]

Dark Stars!!! So cool!!! They may not be as energetic as a quasar, but for me these are definitely one of the coolest beasts of the astrophysical zoo. BTW, I have the honour of knowing Raymond Oonk, one of the leaders of the LOFAR project.

[@SaintBenard]

Yes, she writes, sings, & kinda dances. Let's focus on the writing. I saw the future is my jammy jam, though

[@MyMy-tv7fd]

come on Sabine, you KNOW that CO2 is not bad, it is an ESSENTIAL part of photosynthesis, so releasing more is good, not bad

[@DrDeuteron]

Heretics get burned at the stake, But that would emit too much carbon.

[@jensphiliphohmann1876]

03:18f _But compared to other early stars which have surface temperatures up to 50000K, dark stars are cold with only 10000K._ I've seen a video yesterday where the reporter also states that these stars are "cold" with "only" 10kK but he compared it to Sun's roughly 6kK, which confused me because 10kK>6kK.

[@leannevandekew1996]

An old man on one of Saturn's moons? Amazing.

[@ankiza]

Officially a fan of the light accent and occasionally offbeat pronunciation. I find it makes the humor that much more enjoyable. "Geyser, geeezer, let's call the whole thing off"

[@sythys_]

10:42 Having compliant mechanisms that can store digital data could make stored data immune to cosmic rays. With increasing development, metamaterials could process information without the use of electricity.

[@xponen]

they can also damage material, eg: the speculation on how Hubble's gyroscopes kept breaking down, possibly due to arc discharge on metal ball-bearing, due to solar radiation.

[@lxathu]

I second the idea of waiting during paying for goods and services. The other day, I ordered the galaxy lamp from the sponsor using the coupon code for my daughter. Hearing this, my son showed me the very same lamp at Amazon at less than half the price. I've been used to feeling stupid when watching physics long ago but it was a higher step and I could have avoided that with that waiting.

[@meinhardknaipp3571]

regarding 'darkstars': "the dark matter in them annihilates and that creates radiation" Annihilates with what? And what kind of radiation? "it's what dark matter fuels them" What do you mean by that?

[@florianhofmann7553]

Ahh yes Darkstar: _Let's have some music in here, Boiler!_

[@w0ttheh3ll]

Tandem solar cells and especially their even fancier counterpart, triple junction solar cells have been in commercial use for spacecraft for decades and reach efficiencies of close to 30% in a real environment. The big news about the perovskite/silicon tandem cells is that scientists hope they might turn out far cheaper to produce, basically affordable space-grade cells for your rooftop.

[@crono331]

Dark star is also a movie i really recommend

[@pauldacus4590]

1:23 Not quite sure I follow here: You say it's one of the oldest galaxies, but that it is one of the youngest galaxies Webb has seen...

[@simongobbato7758]

Maybe "young galaxies" means "early galaxies", either way is confusing

[@SabineHossenfelder]

Uh, dang, of course! I'm so sorry about that 😅

[@DrDeuteron]

They’re old now, but we’re young then. That’s life on the past light cone.

[@human_isomer]

14:00 a method of electrolysing dissolved PET to split it into its monomers is a total waste of energy. I have worked in that field for quite some time, and there is no need to use additional electricity to split the polymer chains. Water, time, and a bit of a catalyst are completely sufficient. By the way: PET is not the plastic we should worry about the most, because there already are ways to recycle it (it's called recycled polyester, you probably heard about it already). But other types of plastic, e.g., HD-PE, PP, and other polyolefins, besides polyamides, are much harder to recycle, as the polyolefins would not dissolve under normal conditions, and for polyamide, strong acids are needed.

[@BoyProdigyX]

It feels like a gift when one of these videos lights up your *Notification Bell!* 🤙🏽

[@figefago]

15:47 This is probably the best idea :DDDD

[@jimsvideos7201]

Geyser rhymes with riser; I only mention it because the English word geezer (rhymes with freezer) is a somewhat uncomplimentary way to refer to older people. Imagine seeing one of _those_ on Mars yelling at the rovers to get off his lawn 😅

[@SabineHossenfelder]

www.oxfordlearnersdictionaries.com/definition/english/geyser?q=geyser

[@jimsvideos7201]

@@SabineHossenfelder If I'm wrong then I stand to learn something 😀

[@DrDeuteron]

Geezer does not refer to older people. It refers to old people. Old men to be exact.

[@markedis5902]

Love Dark Star , fantastic film. Silent running was another cheerful 70s film. What about the possibility of entire universes made of antimatter? As long as they stay away from conventional galaxies no worry, just hope that no antimatter space rocks come our way, we would definitely go out with a bang.

[@JerehmiaBoaz]

How is Silent Running a cheerful film?

[@JerehmiaBoaz]

@@Dimple_5 Dark Star is a 1974 Scifi comedy, or are we talking about different movies?

[@robertmudry4242]

Fantastic? Don't get me wrong, I love that movie, but "fantastic" might be an overstatement. I showed the movie to a friend once, and when it was over, he expressed a desire to beat me up. I don't blame him!

[@TheReaverOfDarkness]

In astrophysics, a vast region of industrial-vacuum-diffuse neon gas at a temperature hotter than the sun, radiating brightly and peaking in the X-Ray range, exceedingly harmful to be near it, could be referred to as a "tiny, dense, cold, dark clump of metal".

[@Bildgesmythe]

Blasting plastic with the LHC sounds like such fun.

[@eddie5484]

I'm not sure how these dark stars are supposed to work. The radiation pressure that keeps regular stars from collapsing, and the degeneracy pressure in the case of neutron stars, is an effect of the electro-magnestic force that dark matter doesn't have.

[@deaflegend4117]

closed captioning is screwed up again :(

[@patatje1434]

looking good in glasses Sabine 🤓

[@reamoinmcdonachadh9519]

Hmm, perhaps Sabine, you could do a video on that headline, Climate change and the shrinking Human Brain ?

[@NoBSMusicReviews]

Geezer’s an okd guy like me. Geyser (guy-zer) is that liquid spewing eruption. Great episode.

[@Alex_Mitchell]

Dark Star? Isn't that a Grateful Dead album?

[@FarFromZero]

12:20 The telephone rings

[@imacmill]

Who is Richie?

[@FarFromZero]

@@imacmill Rishi Sunak? :))

[@imacmill]

@@FarFromZero Ah, Rishi, not Richie. Thanks!

[@BlackHoleForge]

6:07 I love how this new quantumdigital payment is supposed to be very secure. I can just imagine... "Is it strong?" "Oh yes sir. It's impossible to decipher. And it's quite sensitive too." "How sensitive?" "Well sir, if you look at it; it breaks and changes." "Let me get this straight. This is the strongest encryption in the world, but if you look at it, it breaks?" Yup. 😂

[@Vector_Ze]

I like the glasses.

[@Delhi_Guy]

Sabine, can you comment on recent paper estimating the age of universe to 26 billion year old. It is by Rajendra Gupta and team from ottawa university.

[@Thomas-gk42]

She did it on twitter, she's not convinced

[@Inpreesme]

Thank you