What Does an Expanding Universe Mean? | Episode 403 | Closer To Truth

The expanding universe is humanity's monumental discovery. Beginning with something infinitesimally small, the universe has become something majestically large. How could this happen? What could this mean? Featuring interviews with Alan Guth, Paul Steinhardt, Saul Perlmutter, George Ellis, and Andrei Linde.
Season 4, Episode 3 - #CloserToTruth
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Closer To Truth host Robert Lawrence Kuhn takes viewers on an intriguing global journey into cutting-edge labs, magnificent libraries, hidden gardens, and revered sanctuaries in order to discover state-of-the-art ideas and make them real and relevant.
▶Free access to Closer to Truth's library of 5,000 videos: bit.ly/376lkKN
Closer to Truth presents the world’s greatest thinkers exploring humanity’s deepest questions. Discover fundamental issues of existence. Engage new and diverse ways of thinking. Appreciate intense debates. Share your own opinions. Seek your own answers.
#Inflation #Cosmos

[@CemTurC]

Dear Rob.. Considering the quick developments in science, I think the dates of your interviews are important. I would kindly request you to indicate the year of the interview in your uploads..

[@joshkeeling82]

Or just be appreciative that you're getting to watch for free. Rob has his own life. He doesn't owe you nor I any time of his already long life.

[@flappoid]

@@joshkeeling82 Cem's request is valid. Physics information moves quickly enough to warrant time stamps on reports. What was "news" a year ago could very well be old-hat or even abandoned as "wrong" today. e.g., one would not wish to criticize as illiterate a person who a year ago wrote an error-ridden sentence if one knew that person has since then educated himself as to the difference between subject and object pronouns.

[@Bill..N]

None of the information presented here was outdated or invalidated by more recent insights..Peace.

[@polarequatorial709]

Aren’t the years encrypted on the facades of the time portals he walks through? 😬

[@ferdinandkraft857]

@@joshkeeling82 The OP is politely asking for some information, not demanding anything...

[@silence4682]

Free, interesting, and with subtitles. This channel is precious. Thank you so much for your work! It's incredible such content is completely free for everyone.

[@MichaelJohnson-we7er]

Thank you Mr. Kuhn for all your curiosities. You are inspiring to me the way Carl Sagan is.

[@jeffreyburley4033]

I have spent countless hours studying, as just a curious bystander, different forms presented to explain the expanding universe and/or the inflation model. I must say, I could have saved myself a whole lot of time by viewing this video first. You, along with your presenters, finally gave me a small but relevant understanding of the inflation model and how it contributes to the vast amount of information out there pertaining to the universe. Thank you for this well-organized, brutally pointed explanation of this model.

[@garybalatennis]

Not only is the universe expanding and accelerating exponentially, but also: life, knowledge and consciousness.

[@laurenth7187]

It maybe accelerating exponentially, however space is not created exponentially but linearly, but this linear growth of space results in a exp growing of the universe.

[@jankareaustinat310]

if so we would by now have been far far further in the future m8

[@vhawk1951kl]

Two questions: 1, what is "the universe"? 2. Who told you that whatever "the universe" may be is "expanding" and why do you believe them? Are you in any position to verify by direct immediate personal experience(as direct immediate and personal as pain) that " the universe is expanding", and how exactly do you go about verifying for yourself When not would you call the universe is "expanding"? How exactly would you go about doing that verification process?

[@gustafa2170]

Rob has talked to so many experts. my man's brain must be massive.

[@terrywbreedlove]

Or like mine super confused 😝

[@supermushroom3175]

Your man? Uuuuh

[@lisac.9393]

This Channel is incredibly good! I hope it continues to grow.

[@jamesbentonticer4706]

The episodes on cutting edge physics are definitely the best.

[@orolinc1804]

Thanks. Outstanding information and videos FREE to everybody.

[@jasonemryss]

Alan Guth really puts "the big bang" in perspective....

[@maxpower252]

This channel is addictive.

[@gmotionedc5412]

Love this show

[@continentalgin]

Great episode!

[@zgobermn6895]

I'm definitely on track with Ellis and Linde here.

[@AlienRelics]

Excellent, as always.

[@owencampbell4947]

Your channel delivers a lot of information and revealing mentalities, behaviours, of your viewers, opening a field of how individuals comprehend the topics of your search. Criticism, admiration, thankfulness, are side guidance and proof, of how influenced mentalities differ from each other and how it impacts life in general. It makes it tougher than easy to come closer to truth, but every nonsense might have some good, in which we can learn how the intellect works when it's being challenged. As for me, I see a positive development of individuals in the mind sector. We actually know how the brain works, so why do we let ourselves be taken to imaginary worlds, thoughts, stories, lessons, that has no good impact on us? Because we can't switch off our brain activity, meaning we might have no free will. An expanding universe may be a learning process of a world we'll never comprehend.

[@jesseaustin2438]

Read my comments with my thing you left out, own concepts, i have theories that im trying to get looked into for unification of gravity and dark energy and a Nobel Prize in Physics. I think you sound like ur talking high and mighty from,, i hope its not 1984 Double Talk in ur head that thats what u think im doing and that im not like that,, high and mighty from ur teaching view. It makes me think ur a power hungry abuser and facetious power tripper.

[@Trp44]

I can’t keep up with Closer to the truth, but I love to try❤️

[@mustafy2066]

best ever scientific subject

[@soubhikmukherjee6871]

I love these great physics minds.

[@AV-sh9yz]

Simply fascinating thanks a million

[@olivercroft5263]

Thanks, from south africa

[@redmed10]

The big question I've never seen answered is why is the universe expanding at a greater rate the further away it is from us. Is it going downhill?

[@DrZedDrZedDrZed]

Imagine the moment of creation of a black hole. The moment of creation of the event horizon. In an instant, it transitions from non-existence to existence. It inflates in a fraction of an instant and in that moment, encodes all the information of its contents on its surface. From then on, it KEEPS growing. With the surface area growing in proportion to the entropy it contains. We live in a universe full of fractals, but somehow fail to see that the universe is fractally nested as well? We see black holes everywhere, containing most of the entropy in the universe, objects who's contents are removed from our cosmos, because they are cosmoses of their own. We don't observe white holes, because they're not in our universe either, expect the one that we got at the moment of creation, the big bang. We can't see dark energy, because it's not "in" our universe. It's the expansion of the event horizon our universe exists on as it grows over time. I'm also fairly confident that Hawking radiation leaking out of a black hole is the light redshifted by expansion as well (the only non-conserved energy in our universe) leaking back out into its parent universe. Things don't just happen. Waves ripple. Our universe is one on a chain of many that have come before it, slowly evapotaing, but not before all its daughters breed new universes, at ever smaller scales, in the cracks of planck length and planck time. The drum beats faster each time from the outside, but feels like an eternity from the inside. It's the only way to get so much something from nothing. The universe isn't infinite. Its infinitesimal.

[@gtziavelis]

"The psychedelic experience has NO place in science. In fact, I'm perfectly fine with prohibiting it for all, pretending it never existed, and moving on to more serious things." --R.L.Kuhn. OK, in fairness I don't know if he ever said that, but look at the nature of Closer To Truth episodes; that is essentially what they are. Each one brings him closer to truth at the pace of a tired snail, whereas a personal breakthrough psychedelic experience, or at least interviewing guests familiar with the topic, would bring him closer to truth at a speed more like "wow, 1000 years worth of knowledge per hour, and I never want it to stop, and I can't wait to apply all the lessons learned, and I feel spiritually reborn! Why oh why, self, did I not have this ultimate déjà vu earlier??" Oh well, it's probably all my fault---I must've totally missed the most interesting CTT episode(s) ever published, where he talks in depth with his guest(s) about this one of the most formative transformative experiences available in human life. Can someone point me to such episode(s) please? *crickets*...

[@bajajones5093]

well said Gus. This show is for entertainment only. This show should be called, " NO closer to the truth".

[@Bill..N]

A rather HARSH assessment of this channel friend..I would be interested in knowing how far YOU'VE come in your own PERSONAL search for truth, and how your journey makes MORE sense than the opportunity to learn from some of the best minds in philosophy AND science..?

[@Bill..N]

@@bajajones5093 The same question for you Baja, if you don't mind volunteering a response..Peace.

[@larrycarter1192]

I might have missed something.

[@larrycarter1192]

So, if the universe is expanding. Sounds kinda like the big bang theory when matter time and energy were in flux. Nature abhors a vaccine right?

[@unitedspacepirates9075]

BTW, dark energy is an illusion caused by the gravitational distortion caused by the gravitational fields of distant galaxies. Gravity from distant galaxies has a redshift effect on the frequency of light they emit in the same way that gravity can bend the path of light from a light source behind the gravitational field. The same spacial distortion bending light paths, also distorts the frequency of light emitted from super heavy distant galaxies. Hence no cosmic acceleration, no dark energy causing acceleration, no un-accounted for dark matter, and certainly, no big bang. This universe is eternal, without beginning or ending. Cosmic background microwaves are but distant galaxies who's light has been gravitationally distorted beyond your visible spectrum. Galaxies continually exchange and recycle energy and birth new stars out of old dead ones for ever and ever. How do you think light escapes super heavy distant galaxies with its frequency visually unaffected by spacial distortions? Someday sapien's decendents will travel to distant galaxies and discover the return trip doesn't take require extra travel time as no acceleration is actually occuring... That is unless your craft is destroyed by war mongering violent species, leaving you marooned on their backwards hillbilly planet where its custumary to torture food, species before consuming them.

[@germanher7528]

You mean Space Pirates?

[@spiralsun1]

OMG I LOVE DR PERLMUTTER. 😂 I love how he talks and explains things. Thanks for this video. ❤️👍🏻 this channel rocks. And really it’s “invisible” not “dark”… so yeah. 🤷‍♀️😎 I love Andre Linde from Stanford. I have always seen all the poetry of the parallels he mentions. Never underestimate the space between our assumptions. Those enticing niches of mind. 🥰🙏🏻

[@sureshrao8027]

Very interesting channel. 👍

[@kipponi]

I have always wondered where it expands? I mean when something goes bigger it needs room ha ha. So what is beyond our universe? And where those big bang particles comes first place?

[@flowwiththeuniverse31]

The Universe expands and we on Earth evolve.

[@laurenth7187]

Nope, we on earth are bound to the caveman's psychology. Crocodile Dundee is king.

[@tameravoss]

Do we evolve? Or does something "evolve " us? Back to..Do we have free will..? Ug. Now grab your partner and do-si-do🤣🤣Back to square 1..

[@stephenanastasi748]

Dark energy is a nice placeholder because it shifts the human mind away from the problem to a term, 'energy'. However, we only understand by 'energy' by reference to what it does. But this doesn't explain anything. Still, what a fabulous video.

[@turboguy1813]

I am pondering for a while about an other subject on the Universe and that is at its expansion rate. It is found that distant objects in the Universe are expanding faster than nearby objects, so the Universe is accelerating in its expansion. BUT: How farther away an object is, how much more it is in the past. So couldn't you say that in the past the Universe was accelerating faster and in recent times it's accelerating rate has decreased and the Universe is not expanding, but collapsing on it self?

[@BrettHar123]

Inflation is not based on any particle physics which predicts repulsive gravity, Guth put in by hand, as a fudge to explain the uniformity of matter in the universe. Even worse, inflation is hard to control and likely makes the problem worse. Sir Roger Penrose explains it best, the entropy of the very early universe was very low, inflation does not explain anything, Penrose's idea is that the gravitational field is not chaotic, but extremely smooth, inflation is not necessary. It's the initial state which needed to be explained, particle physicists did not understand General Relativity and gravitational entropy, so they invented inflation. It's the same problem that lead to String Theory, particle physicists trying to quantise gravity without understanding General Relativity.

[@jackflackk3153]

But what is our physical universe expanding "into" or "through" at the expansion edge? Or does our physical universe gradually change physicality by slowly changing frequency and vibration the further we expand?

[@anirudhadhote]

❤ Very good 👍🏼

[@leeannehicks9125]

Could it be our perspective? Are we seeing the extra dimensions span out accumulatively, perhaps? I am having a hard time putting my idea into words 🙃.

[@buckanderson3520]

There is a limit to expansion. The universe can only expand to the point where measurement, observation, or interaction is still possible. After which it can no longer be said to be expanding because nothing will have any definite position. Then the universe is neither big nor small it is immeasurable. Which is pretty much the conditions before the big bang.

[@nothanksnoname7567]

Greater GPUs being hot swapped in on the fly (not to mention the updates to said GPUs) causes the simulated Universe's draw distance to grow. As more game characters are coming in and having to be rendered, this further expansion is a consequence. Thus ends my silliness for today.

[@ferdinandkraft857]

Not entirely silly.

[@gtziavelis]

Might want to consult with Sir Roger Penrose about Conformal Cyclic Cosmology (CCC), and then you'll be on the right track.

[@stephenanastasi748]

Because...?

[@fehimgok3476]

@@stephenanastasi748 Because it's beautiful?

[@ahsanrubel2869]

It is what it is... We were not in existence few hundred thousands year ago and won't be lasting forever! Universe will go on... What special about humanity!?

[@stoictraveler1]

I keep thinking dark energy and antigravity are related somehow. Maybe some of all that early uni energy still has an effect, still inflating.

[@jamesruscheinski8602]

as space expand / increase, entropy increases.

[@laurenth7187]

It means that it is not narrowing. And that space is creating it self everywhere.

[@jesseaustin2438]

Space is a type of matter, from my interpretation of Newton conservation or whatevs of mass and energy, and space is neither created nor destroyed. Nobel Prize. If you get it for this, Ill show this and that you tryed to steal it from me, so just get me nominated.

[@jesseaustin2438]

Theres Calculus that shows that theres rates, exponential of acceleration, and the differential equations that are linked together as being derivative equations of eachother show that you could have an accelerating growth thats derived or maybe its integral, the opposite of derived, function is about to reach or has reached a maximum and is about to reverse and then the accelerating will be resolved into decelerating and the universe will be imploding,, basic Calculus, i no ni get why ppl dont talk more about Calculus. Do they not understand. If not, get me a Nobel Prize in applied mathematics,, maybe just math or physics.

[@kennethaxe218]

An expanding universe would suggest it was 'jerry built' ie.crudely constructed. This is why I believe it to be pulsating about its actual size , with distant galaxies receding and returning with a periodicity which can be obtained by measuring and recording the red shift (and later blue shift) over time. An infinitesimally small infinitely hot dense origin to the cosmos should rightfully be designated 'science fiction' along with dark energy and dark matter.

[@al1383]

An expanding universe, and the existence of matter, is what creates gravity.

[@jesseaustin2438]

I have many theories and this supports the big picture and each small part of the whole concept, and reverse entropy for the quantum microscopic is 1, an equal and opposite force, and that gravity is time of time, and how time is a dimension like thing gravity is a dimension ,why gravity attracts w curved spacetime concepts, and the time field whos time is gravity is made of multiple times from eachfield, and maybe maybe particles are interactions between fields of e=mc^2 's e, m and c. Why gravity is a negative of energy like in video, cuz its the Calculus function of integral of time of the field. And then what is time. It is change and maybe entropic.

[@ferdinandkraft857]

Delusional...

[@jesseaustin2438]

@@ferdinandkraft857 Nope. Backup plan, if its wrong i use it for my book Psychics Vs Cyborgs,, psy v cy and psy by cy.

[@wayneasiam65]

So maybe Dark Energy is some kind of dissipator...

[@bentonpix]

IMO Pressure from infinity energizes all points throughout space which in turn gives rise to all forms of energy and matter. This pressure also creates the "attractive" effect of gravity between masses that are in relatively close proximity to each other, or if they are far enough away from each other, this same pressure acts as the repellent force of "Dark Energy".

[@ferdinandkraft857]

Nonsense.

[@bentonpix]

@@ferdinandkraft857 Your reply is understandable. But was there a specific part of my assertion that I can explain for you? What I wrote was without explanation and is nearly impossible to get without being broken down.

[@ferdinandkraft857]

@@bentonpix Physics is a hard subject. You need to study it for decades before you have anything meaningful to add.

[@bentonpix]

@@ferdinandkraft857 You’re correct. Are you making the assumption that I haven’t?

[@ferdinandkraft857]

@@bentonpix Honestly, your posts seem to come from someone who didn't even graduated from high school...

[@leeberry3708]

Our universe expands alright with every telescope that sees further than the last

[@jamesruscheinski8602]

gravity decreases while it expands in universe, and temperature decreases while it expands in universe.

[@bryandraughn9830]

The comments are obviously completely familiar with the topic and has made every possible conclusion that should be considered. Somehow they have surpassed all of the scientists who have dedicated their lives to learning everything about the subject. How weird is that??

[@dennyworthington6641]

So what is the universe expanding into? Infinitely empty space?

[@redmed10]

How do you weigh the universe?

[@billpap5934]

the rate of expansion is speeding up. Is there an upper limit to this expansion after which expansion continues with a steady rate?

[@germanher7528]

From the part we observe, which is light/radiation we can infer it comes from combustion of matter, thus the coherent maximum speed would be close the speed of light (but really still slow by comparison) but since our pov is also moving at great speed thus make it seem some galaxies are moving at a higher speed than light which is improvable

[@redmed10]

Acceleration is the rate of increase of velocity. Why don't these scientists ever talk about velocity?

[@leeberry3708]

The equator of the earth is wider than it should be right well I think that happens with all objects that spin so rapidly like the blacksphere at the center of our galaxie. And I think that's why it's shaped like it is but I also believe that that deforming also extends into space holding our spiral formation in place (simple explanation). And not gravity.

[@bjm6275]

It means the realm of space stretches outward away from it's interior, similar perhaps to a balloon that expands.

[@domcasmurro2417]

Mister Kuhn, this channel is precious, and is free. We should thank you. But when i read the comments, i dont know if i want laugh, if i want cry. Its frustating and infuriating so many people with a primitive bronze age mentality, lost in the ignorance and superstition. Sadly i have to say that some of your comments help to create this mess, when you say things like: the alternative to multiverse is a supernatural being.

[@moamoa3303]

In 1000 years humans gonna have the same questions ! There are questions that simply will never be answered

[@jamesruscheinski8602]

Entropy and dark energy both have something to do with expansion of space. Also have someting to do with increase in time and information.

[@ferdinandkraft857]

Information does not increase.

[@BrettHar123]

@@ferdinandkraft857 Compared to the barren rock of 4 billion years ago, how can you say information does not increase on the Earth? Information has increased in the universe exponentially from the moment of the Big Bang. The simplicity of the Big Bang, implies a tiny entropy, which means very few bits of information. As the universe expanded and cooled, there were many phase transitions, from quark soup, to protons and neutrons, then to hydrogen and helium atoms all the way up to stars, which generated the heavy elements, at each stage quantum interactions continually inject information into the system. As the sun fuses hydrogen to helium, it is creating more information, this information reaches the Earth via the Solar photon flux, plants use these photons to create carbohydrates and proteins which animals and eventually humans grew and evolved by using this constant supply of information. Entropy does not increase on the Earth, we radiate the waste heat to the dark sky at night, and the entropy falls and information increases, one is the inverse of the other. Closer to Truth: Seth Lloyd - Is Information the Foundation of Reality? kzbin.info/www/bejne/l2SYk36qZtOoeNE

[@ferdinandkraft857]

@@BrettHar123 phys.org/news/2011-03-quantum-no-hiding-theorem-experimentally.amp

[@jettmthebluedragon]

Yea but how does that work ?😐also Ok a universe dies in complete darkness then what it dies in darkness ok then ok we will never life again plan and simple 😐death is death 😑 so how does that make since 😐and I have realized that before we were born we were all ready long dead 😑 and when we die it will be like as as if we did not exist in the first place 😐it also does not make since Beacuse you can’t just have a copy multiple yours in different places in the same area 😐their is only be one you 😐so how does that make since 😐?

[@user-cj7dv2kc6d]

The bottom line is that nobody really knows with any certainty, regardless of which high priced school you work at.

[@mitseraffej5812]

If we really want to understand dark energy we must talk to Darth Vader, he is after all the king pin of the dark side.

[@wordly_aash9969]

Negative energy example is... gravitational field.. And positive energy example?

[@redmed10]

If it's true that if the further we see the further back in time we see, can we ultimately possibly see the beginning of the universe And is it true if there is no one centre of the universe does that mean that every point in the universe is the centre of the universe.

[@dougg1075]

So the expansion would look like the universe just popped into existence in inflation theory.

[@gyro5d]

What if the Universe is imploding? Like, fractals from the Mandelbrot set/Inertial plane.

[@jeremyvictor9349]

Space is like water it reflects different type of matter like motion which is draw in by presence and existence which counter react with one another such as tree animal all have different time duration

[@stephenanastasi748]

'Inflation takes advantage of the fact...'! So, how is it we ended up with the particular amount of mass and or energy and NOT SOME OTHER AMOUNT? Coincidence? Oi! Where does this 1 gram of matter come from. What is matter anyway? Why 1 gram or any number of grams rather than some other amount. Why is it that the information content of the universe is very close to t^2 (Lloyd, Bekenstein, Hawking and others)?

[@leeberry3708]

Remember once the universe was lit it automatically started decaying

[@HakWilliams]

I means we are in the early days

[@Dion_Mustard]

my guess...multi verse theory is true...and if it's true it opens up endless possibilities about Existence...i also believe there are other dimensions and definitely other life forms out there...but i am most intrigued by consciousness..the very thing we all possess and yet we haven't a clue how it emerges and i doubt we will ever know until after we die.

[@mitseraffej5812]

I disagree about knowing anything after we die. A few years back I had a surgical procedure to cut out a aneurism in my head. To perform the surgery my blood pressure ahead to be reduced to zero, this was done by stopping my heart for about 1 hour. I was anaesthetised and my entire body was cooled significantly to stop my brain and other organs from permanent damage. For all intent and purposes I was dead for an hour and there was no white light or great revelation. In short I was conscious one moment and then I was conscious again with absolutely nothing in between.

[@Dion_Mustard]

@@mitseraffej5812 that doesn't prove anything other than you could simply have forgotten about any such experience upon waking consciousness. and let's not forget the countless stories from people in a similar situation who travelled away from their body and were able to verify things in other parts of the buildings. such was the case with pam reynolds. well documented case. a woman who had the exact same procedure as you and yet half way into her surgery she described leaving her body and floating to the ceiling where she witnessed the surgeon perform the procedure. she saw all of this with clear lucid awareness and then travelled down a tunnel towards a beautiful light.

[@mitseraffej5812]

@@Dion_Mustard . In the late 1940s through to the 70s reported alien sightings, (usually in the US) described the craft as flying saucers. Just as science fiction movies and comics depicted them. Since about the 80s the reporting of alien beings commonly included descriptions of gossamer large headed blob type critters, as depicted in Spielberg’s movie “Close Encounters”. In past centuries there were highly corroborated reports of witches and their craft. Enough to have people convicted of the crime and executed. Once again the descriptions often had similarities, ideas and images planted in people’s imagination by popular entertainment. The same goes for reporting of near death experiences, and with the far reaching media methods of TV and now the even more intrusive social media platforms, reports of “floating above one’s body” and “heading towards the beautiful light” are a relatively recent thing.

[@Dion_Mustard]

@@mitseraffej5812 you have not experienced it yourself therefore cannot comment on the experience being real or not...indeed many nonbelievers have had vivid NDEs and returned knowing beyond doubt it was not an illusion..then you have great British neuroscientists like Dr Peter Fenwick who has spent his entire life studying these experiences and firmly believes consciousness is more than brain...then there is Dr Pim Van Lommel who wrote a brilliant scientific book on how these experiences are not illusions...and again these experiences are so vivid that even skeptics have returned from them knowing there is an "afterlife"..i'd suggest you go away for a few months, read some literature, do your research, speak to those whom have had the experience, perhaps contact Dr Fenwick then come back. Like I said just because you had no awareness during your surgery does not mean you had no experience.most of what we experience on the unconscious level is forgotten upon waking consciousness. Another example could be the fact that we are all born into this world but nobody remembers the day they were born. So much of what we experience in life is forgotten. Good luck!

[@mitseraffej5812]

@@Dion_Mustard . Is consciousness unique to humans? Personally I think not. I know my dog is a conscious and sentient being, in some aspects his consciousness is more sophisticated than that of humans. I know this with as much certainty as I know my wife or any other individual is a conscious and sentientIf being. If I am correct about my dog then it stands to reason that all animals possess consciousness, but obviously not human consciousness. Will their consciousness survive the death of their brain or what ever nervous system they have? To me life itself is but a hiccup of consciousness between oblivions, and should be enjoyed while it lasts because it certainly doesn’t last long.

[@michaelconley2793]

So, gravity isn't a force. But a contraction of space time near mass, so maybe it isn't slowing expansion at all, gravity is a result OF expansion. Spacetime expands slower near mass, reduced expansion is mathematically the same as contraction, which is how the latest theories of gravity describe it. So if spacetime is expanding, but it does so slower near massive objects, this curving spacetime and CREATING gravity. Thus dark energy isn't necessary because gravity isn't acting on universal expansion, it's a result of it.

[@humanitech]

So as the universe isn't following the original standard gravity and expansion models and theories we are now having to add something new (dark energy and matter) that dismisses gravity as being the primary driving force in the cosmos because dark energy and matter is the greater force but cannot be fully rationalised or detected? But means we are having rearrange, revise and adjusting the maths to fit in with what is now being observed or found in the cosmos and data being collected! It shows that although we have made great strides in the last few hundred years..we still don't have enough real data...as red shift dating like carbon dating on earth is not that accurate. Hopefully one day... we will have the technology and capacity to fully explore and confirm (or revaluate) as it seems that from earth the cosmos is only recordable predictable to a certain level and degree ..with a lot of new data that is confusing or going against current thinking too. Again... if we are to assume that our cosmos was born from a single origin (bang bang) point, and that energy and matter cannot go but only change its state .. It would imply that the big bang/singularity/ energy matter expansion model is cyclical as before the bang all the energy and matter in the cosmos was contained within (in an inverse state as it were)!? This would also mean or imply (as everything seems to be unstable and cyclical) that the universe should at some point actually start to slow down and stop expanding as dark energy and matter would then start to pull all the energy and matter in the cosmos back to the next singularity origin point, which again being unstable energy would explode out to become the next big bang!? Which is all well and good... but I have some questions and concerns. Firstly that it could ever actually be a tiny compressed dark matter singularity..as it seems that what are perceived to be black holes seem to also be constantly releasing energy filaments out into the galaxies and space.. so proving it is not stable or able to fully attract, hold or contain everything? So I am not convinced the expanding universe hypotheses covers what is actually happening now in the cosmos let alone in the distant past or supposed origin point. But that is natural I guess and I am sure that futher scientific investigation and technologies will hopefully one day reveal and enlighten us all. And we are lucky just to be humans to be here looking up at the cosmos in awe and wonder.

[@leeberry3708]

But blacksphere's seem to pull all matter to them. I know what your gonna say but that can't really be right. The size of the objects plays a big role in what I'm trying to say. It's very confusing when you try and believe what their saying when what you see says something different

[@BrettHar123]

What is a blacksphere?

[@inperilous1]

If indeed it is expanding at all..

[@Aguijon1982]

Well it means that it's not in equilibrium

[@melvynbraithwaite8563]

The Universe is The Tree of Life which Evolves from Kether to an Evolving MalkuthMBNyvlem Stone

[@jamesruscheinski8602]

Gravity and temperature are being used up as universe expands.

[@leeberry3708]

Why is everything in the verse moving? There must be a finite position but not necessarily the verse itself. But inside the verse. So maybe at different points there are boundaries of which we can't see but should be there. Which lets these parts move independently of each other through the verse but together. Like we move through our galaxie our galaxie must be moving the something. And maybe all the galaxies are moving around something it's really about scale. We're in a ring around our blacksphere so what's the galaxie in a ring of.

[@jeremyvictor9349]

Imagine animals in the sea such as octopus and the cold and hot spot of the sea with time how do the animals correspond with space by going deeper when it hot finding the cold spot and locating heat when it's cold

[@chillialexander]

I don’t know

[@cosmikrelic4815]

you are not alone.

[@jbbeiser983]

an expanding universe would mean by implications that wie live in the only universe that ever existed

[@jasbadsirron6424]

Light overcoming dark in this material and spiritual universe. It is the nature of consciousness. As above, so below.

[@theklaus7436]

I don’t bye this inflations theory! After studying Niel turok theory I think he has a better way. But nobody knows it right now

[@joymukherji2702]

The very high energy that caused gravity to become a repulsive force in the beginning of big bang might have come from a previous universe. Penrose suggested that this already existing universe, when it ran out of energy and completely became devoid of all matter (yes, even the most fundamental of particles; the quarks, decayed into nothingness), the concept and arrow of time disappeared too. Whether the universe was infinitely big or infinitely small at this point didn't really matter now. The ending was a new beginning.

[@theklaus7436]

@@joymukherji2702 you are still left with why gravity is such a weak force. Not to mention that gravity bends space apparently not in quantum mechanics. As mentioned nobody knows!

[@joymukherji2702]

@@theklaus7436 Now Penrose says that consciousness must be fundamental. More mysteries ahead ..

[@joymukherji2702]

@@theklaus7436 Imagine the river of spacetime. Gravity is the disturbance or waves in this river of spacetime. All matter carries energy. Most of it is stored in the vibrating quarks and the sticky stretchy gluons that bind them together. This energy gives matter its mass. Of course gravity appears weak in the infinity of the river that is space and time.

[@joymukherji2702]

@@theklaus7436 Electric and magnetic forces, for example, come from objects exchanging particles known as virtual photons. For example, the force sticking a magnet to the fridge can be described as a smooth, classical magnetic field, but the field's fine details depend on the quantum particles that create it. Of the universe's four fundamental forces (gravity, electromagnetism, and the strong and weak nuclear forces), only gravity lacks the "quantum" description. As a result, no one knows for sure (although there are plenty of ideas) where gravitational fields come from or how individual particles act inside them. The problem is that even though gravity keeps us stuck to the ground and generally acts as a force, general relativity suggests it's something more - the shape of space itself. Other quantum theories treat space as a flat backdrop for measuring how far and fast particles fly. Ignoring the curvature of space for particles works because gravity is so much weaker than the other forces that space looks flat when zoomed in on something as small as an electron. The effects of gravity and the curvature of space are relatively obvious at more zoomed-out levels, like planets and stars. But when physicists try to calculate the curvature of space around an electron, slight as it may be, the math becomes impossible.

[@leeberry3708]

If you say it expanded from a single point then it would be a balloon of sorts and that's what you say. Then you say it happened everywhere at once? That's quite a conundrum you've made. Maybe space isn't expanding but the matter in it is. And by expanding I mean matter is being created and destroyed over and over and with every new star more matter is created and pulled back to it. Same as blacksphere's the process seems to be repeating itself at different scales in different parts of the universe. If the universe expanded as fast as you say then there wouldn't be enough time for these processes to take place. And the one thing that is necessary for these processes to take place is time. The big bang doesn't give enough time neither does your expansion theory ? So explain to us where the time for these processes to take place came from across the universe. If space expanded like you say the gases wouldn't have had enough time to gather to make matter or us. So please tell us where the time came from?

[@leeberry3708]

@ابو ليث الخطيب I'm more of an Argo fun yourself kinda fella. But to each there own. My minds not for rent to any God or government. One of the great lines in Rock history.

[@YAHNewsNetwork]

Heat seeks cold .. We are expanding into the cold nothingness ... It will never stop . .

[@250txc]

I often wonder what would happen if man knew all the answers to the somewhat meaningless questions he keeps asking. Would you be satisfied then? Would that mean you have to go get a real meaningful job then?

[@danielt.3152]

I always feel like interviewing the theologian’s on topics of cosmology and physics is a complete waste of time.

[@Banjomute]

Amen.

[@leeberry3708]

The universe is like a balloon please they're guessing nobody knows that's what a theory is you gather what you can and try and describe whats happening from whatever info you have correct.

[@cryptolord9826]

It's like a balloon boooooooooooom

[@rasat4829]

An expanding universe means the universe is taking over heaven

[@jackieswan422]

What is the dark matter or matter, can it be human spiritual energy in the universe

[@domcasmurro2417]

Its just some different form of matter, because it produces gravity. But, as it doesnt interact with electromagnetism, we can't see it. Its some new particle.

[@cryptolord9826]

No

[@richardmarcus3340]

The universe is NOT expanding...but I love how creative their reasoning is. Einstein's understanding of the universe PRIOR to others' meddling was correct. Our universe is static, infinite and eternal.

[@ferdinandkraft857]

Evidence?

[@richardmarcus3340]

@@ferdinandkraft857 Plenty. However, the dozen or so members of the science community I have petitioned for an open dialog over the past five years have failed to respond to my requests. Being these men and women have ignored my attempts to help, the evidence I offer is no longer free.

[@ferdinandkraft857]

@@richardmarcus3340 Hahaha

[@richardmarcus3340]

@@ferdinandkraft857 Most members of the science community admit some of their theories may be incorrect, but you know better. Perhaps you can tell them what dark energy is. That should be good for a laugh.

[@ougabouga6799]

Robert is the indiana jones of the kosmos

[@offendtheoffender26]

All I can say is, I need a gram from Roy, Roy's Rolls, who lives on Coronation Street.

[@albertjackson9236]

An expanding universe means we are getting way too fat.

[@flyingsaucer1268]

the FED has a goal to keep the inflation around 2%

[@Bluudclaat]

End the fed!

[@MitternachtAngel]

I just don't believe in the big bang, to me it makes no sense. It is in line with our current theories but it requires a lot of guessing and even so is incomplete.

[@jaffaxl]

We can only exist for 000000000000000000000000000000000001% of universes life

[@alia.8697]

Is immortality possible in reality?bcoz some scientists successfuly achieved reverse aging.like in Israel's latest research..

[@jamesruscheinski8602]

Could be there is meaning for the universe, not in the universe.