What is Ontology & Epistemology?: In the Context of Designing your Research Project -Free PowerPoint

[@josephineumbella8760]

Very excellent explanation. I have listen to many videos but they were all unclear to me, they were abstract and hard to grasp. The way you link the information with the methods, methodology different ontology philosophical schools, types of Epistemology schools and the role of researchers made it very clear to me, I can now do my assignment. Thank you very much.

[@gabrielmendezpagaran5330]

My learnings from the video on ontology and epistemology in the context of designing a research project: Ontology and epistemology are essential philosophical concepts that underpin research design and methodology. Ontology refers to the researcher's assumptions about the nature of reality and existence, while epistemology refers to the researcher's assumptions about how knowledge is acquired. It is important to explicitly state your ontology and epistemology when designing your research project to ensure that you are using appropriate methods to answer your research questions. Overall, the video provides a comprehensive introduction to ontology and epistemology and their implications for research design, and it can be helpful for anyone who wants to understand these concepts better. Thank you very much Doc Levi for this video.

[@BenedictAlECandia]

Hi, Doc Levz! This is Benedict your doctoral student at CNU. First of all, I truly appreciate your advocacy and passion in teaching. With that being said, allow me to share my insights: Ontology and epistemology influence how researchers approach knowledge, interpret reality, and choose the best study methods, which shapes the foundation of research. To choose the best procedures for their studies, researchers must reflect on these philosophical viewpoints and connect them with their research objectives. Moving forward, these insights will really help me in crafting my research and dissertation with profound basis of choosing the right philosophical stances aligning with the research design and methods. Thank you and Godspeed!

[@GiovanniCagurin]

Thank you very much for this comprehensive video, Doc. Levz!! It gives me an understanding about on how we view the research based on understanding the nature of reality and truth. I believe this is a basic principle that a researcher must put in mind before making a comprehensive study. These guiding principles will help the researcher the path he/she going to take based on reality, validity and consistency on the pressing issue of the society today. As to my point, I think its only the role of researcher to answer the research question but we need to understand that collective data and findings could help the society on understanding the truth and do something about it. Again, thank you Doc Levz and see you tomorrow with more meaningful learning from you. Love lots

[@carmencitabanzonlopez399]

Doc Levi's discussion is very comorehensive and informative. This greatly helped me fully understand the key concepts of ontology and epistemology and how they are related and useful in determining the research design to engage in. I learned that when a researcher is in realism, one is objective and use quantitative research design in order to know the reality of things. On the other hand, if a researcher is more on relativist, qualitative research design fits the method by gathering information or data from the different points of view, perceptions, and feelings of the people to know the reality from people subjetive view. Thank you for this shared knowledge, Doc Levi.❤😊

[@LynnetteMateaCamello]

Thank you for this lecture, Dr. Barazon. I have been out of the graduate school classroom as a student but pursuing research in a much more comfortable field outside of quantitative research for more than ten years now but this lecture has given me so much insights into treading on unfamiliar but challenging territory. From this lecture, I learned that ontology and epistemology are two fundamental philosophical concepts that play a crucial role in shaping the research design and approach of any study. In the context of research, they provide the framework for understanding the nature of reality and how knowledge is acquired. It is very important to view ontology and epistemology in research design because it shapes the entire research process, from the formulation of research questions and hypotheses to data collection, analysis, and interpretation. It also influences the role of the researcher in the research process, as well as ethical considerations and the generalizability of findings. Ultimately, the selection of ontological and epistemological positions should align with the research objectives and the nature of the phenomenon being studied. It's important for researchers to be transparent about their chosen stances, as this allows readers to critically evaluate the research's methodology and the validity of its findings. By acknowledging the philosophical underpinnings of their work, researchers can contribute to a richer and more nuanced understanding of their research field.

[@johnmarksaldivar3667]

This video material is a significant learning resource for all students, teachers, and scholars. Every human has his/her own concept of reality and its existence. As a student who is engaged in research, learning about ontology and epistemology helps me discover and understand my biases in terms of research. It made me realize the complexity of trying to explain the existing phenomena present in the surroundings. Furthermore, I believe that there is no such thing as the best method or research design. There is no such concept that positivism is superior to social constructivism or pragmatism or vice versa. I believe that there are limitations to each epistemology and all of them do not claim monopoly or dominance in terms of use. Instead, they complement each other. Nevertheless, reality can be observed and examined directly, or it can also be understood through the emerging feelings, beliefs, and thoughts of an individual (Bararzon, 2021). Thank you very much, Doc Levi for this very useful learning material. May your tribe multiply. God bless you, Doc..

[@janninerafael9764]

I actually watched the video multiple times just so I could have a clear grasp of ontology and epistemology, and its importance in conducting and writing our research. To simply put, ontology is the “what” - “What do I know? What is the reality? What is happening in my surrounding? What are the relationships of the different components in my surrounding?”. Further, under ontology, there is an objective reality or there is a single truth to everything or everyone (realist perspective) and there is the relativist perspective which sees the world to be subjective and flexible because it can be shaped by our own feelings, beliefs, and interpretations (multiple realities). This made me reflect, am I a realist or relativist? As a researcher, I think I am both a realist and relativist because I wanted to explore and discover new knowledge utilizing both perspectives. On the other hand, epistemology is the “how” - “How do I study the world? How do I approach the different components in my surroundings? How do I know the truth? How can I generate knowledge about the world?”. In the video I have learned that the “how” will depend on the objective of the researcher: does the researcher want to measure, test, and experiment something using scientific rules, tools and designs (quantitative research) or does the researcher want to explain and interpret people’s behavior, knowledge and realities (qualitative research)? After listening to this very comprehensive discussion, I have come to a conclusion that ontology and epistemology shape our research philosophy. Further, I have come to understand that I should start with knowing ontology and epistemology for they are essential foundations in writing research as they both serve as a ground in framing the research topic, choosing the best research procedure and communicating our research findings coherently, precisely, and accurately.

[@ROGENEGABRIELVILLA]

The discussion compelled me to revisit my philosophical stance in research if I ever had one (consciously). Because every time I write research, I never really give much thought to the philosophical foundations of research. I thought that so long as I can think of a research topic, and apply an appropriate method or design, then that's it. I rewatched the video 4 times to really get a grasp of the speaker's insights. Now that I understand the role of ontology and epistemology in research, I will try my best to always go back to it in every research endeavor that I will pursue in the future so as to increase the probability of being able to write a better paper. Thank you, Doc Levi.

[@tendaimakumbo2565]

im really enjoying this. now is the 2nd time listening. assignment. thank you this will help me with my

[@ERICFORKPAH-uy4sg]

Upon viewing this KZbin video,I've come to realize that reality molds epistemology, and determines how knowledge is obtained and subsequently impacts the choice of research paradigm, whether it can be positivism, interpretive, or even critical theory.

[@kevinsumayang6994]

Thank you, Doc Levi for this excellent KZbin video. It was indeed a useful tool for a novice researcher like me to strengthen my skills and knowledge in the field. I always thought of research; or even just thinking of a research topic based on the problems observed. I always view research as something that would answer questions, without thinking of imploring and adjusting on to the philosophical stands that I believe in. Through this video, I also realized that our philosophical stance or views impacts our journey in doing research. I was also an "aha" moment for me, realizing that even the use of our research methods can also be based on the different beliefs. Understanding the concept or Ontology and Epistemology can help as navigate and sets direction into our respective research field of interests.

[@jayontolan1145]

Thank you for this. Just learned that when planning research, it's essential to clarify one's ontological and epistemological assumptions. These assumptions deeply influence the entire research process, including how researchers shape their research questions, choose methodologies, and interpret findings. Ontology and epistemology guide decisions about the most suitable research methodologies and data collection methods. They also shape researchers' perspectives on what constitutes valid knowledge. In essence, ontology and epistemology provide foundational frameworks that support the research journey, empowering researchers to make well-informed decisions at each stage of their investigation.

[@yvetteevevillanueva5431]

Simplified and well explained! Such a great help. The video focuses on how you view reality, how you know if it is real and investigate if its real. Many years ago, ipad and phones were not real to people- they were not even possible. Now, talking to your loved ones from other side of the earth is as simple as 1-2-3. These things are happening now because people tend to imagine it, and if they can, it becomes real. How do you know if something, everything, is real? You make it real for yourself. If you believe in something, you try to prove it and make it happen. Reality is that which can be measured and demonstrated to be actual regardless of belief. It is like saying that you have a dream that you are flying. Is your dream "real"? Of course, your dream is real, but that does not mean that you can fly. Your dream exists in a very closed system of reality that is only accessible to you while you are asleep Another point in the video is that what is your role as a researcher. In life we are the navigator of our own rout. We set where we are heading and decide what road to take. We gather data, investigate, and try to prove what we believe is real. Therefore, we live in every day that exists somewhere in between the "objective reality of things" and the "subjective reality of experience". They are all reality, but some realities are more real than others because we believed in it and take a step to make it happen.

[@teegrizzly39]

Thanks a lot for your video and your explanation. Really made it easy for the audience. Appreciate it!

[@mayang7841]

Thank you, Doc Levi. As I went through the lecture, I realized that most of us are just focus on what we usually see. We just tend to ask the difference between methods and methodology (study of methods) where our assumptions , decisions, and research questions are involved. But somehow, we could not fully grasp the root of these questions. I was actually thinking what beliefs do I have in relation to my research interests. I realized that I am actually a realist and positivist. I somehow believe that there is one truth. I would come up with an intellectual guess and will try to prove or disprove it. I'm into obejctive approaches where I can make measurements and draw conclusions out of it. Maybe it would reflect why I prefer quantitative research methods to qualitative :) But I'm learning gradually towards qualitative research. Thank you, Doc.

[@ARIANDELROSARIO]

How we perceive reality, fitting and seeing the bigger picture of it and choosing how to investigate it is what ontology all about. On the other hand, the quest of knowledge which comes from simple realities around and making it into an original, historic, formal, practical and relative to us as people is what epistemology all about. Our beliefs, ideas and perception may somehow affect to varied matters that we do. Just as how educators believe that his or her way of effective teaching teaching may not be effective or true to other educators or to other content and context of the subject matter. Thus, one may research to justify his/her belief or inquiry that it is a certain strategy in teaching is effective or not through experiment. From there he or she can the facts that displays and exists as reality. However, a teacher may have their own viewpoint and beliefs of a certain strategy that they employ. Hence, reality can be relative. To justify this, we need to get their perception, opinions and ideas that may reveal positive experiences and challenges. Patterns of thoughts and ideas according to their own learning experiences can be derived. Hence, as a researcher, we conduct interviews or surveys with corresponding related constructs that will confirm agreeable and disagreeable a certain context can be. Indeed, this is what makes a researcher more of a social constructionist. We may be a positivist or social constructionist in such a way that we are guided by being objective at all times-positivist. However, as social beings, we need to consider what is reality in a practical manner which they are currently living and experiencing. This can only be justified and derived from the different social being around us through their lived opinions, behaviours, experiences and perceptions-social constructionist. In conducting a research, it is imperative then to be clear on what your stance in a certain study and how would you want to investigate reality. Whether it be quantitative or qualitative which follows ontological stand on how one can view the reality of being and you as a researcher tries to understand and justify it by choosing to be positivist or social constructionist.

[@karinaana9121]

True, we all have distinct truths, it is critical to characterize our truths through research. This will give our conclusions more weight, policymakers will be advised on their policies, and citizens will benefit from the research projects we do. This video had a profound effect on me.

[@MARKPANUGALING-gy6ri]

Thank you Doc Levi! The video has added to my knowledge on the very important foundations in attacking critical analytical studies in choosing idea or subject of inquiry in a research. I realized that it is equally important to have a philosophical stance on which perspective a researcher has in choosing a topic for research, on which I infer I am more of a realist. ❤❤❤❤

[@daisyvondy8522]

The conception of my research during graduate studies and college years was from a suggestion given by my teacher and curiosity. I also patterned my research from an existing one. With these experiences, I thought that research starts with a topic and can further be completed after reading similar research and using them as models. After watching the video about Ontology and Epistemology, I learned a very important step that can be added in the research process and that is knowing your principle of research design. Sometimes, researchers tend to slip in their minds this step as what happened to me because of the idea that we can pattern our research from existing research and of course lack of knowledge as well. How do you know your principle of research design? First is you need to assess yourself on how you view the world or reality. Are you a kind of person who believed that there is a single truth which can’t be changed and can be uncovered through objective experiment? Or do you believe in multiple truths or in the idea that truth can be evolved and changed depending on someone’s experiences? Ontology will actually help us answer these questions. Another important thing to consider is to know how you would like to see the truth. Do you like to see it from the outside? Or from the inside? The answers to these questions will be elaborated in epistemology. The two principles are actually connected in a way that what you believe in the nature of the truth will dictate what kind of relationship you would like to have with whatever is being studied. I have realized that knowing your principle of research design will help you become a real and grounded researcher. Also, if the research is conceived from the researcher’s principle, the journey of conducting it will be lighter and more natural.

[@EdilbertoDejosJr]

Being a mathematics major, I lean towards quantitative research - a realist-positivist stance. This position ontologically believes that there is a singular reality, and it exists independently of the human, epistemologically emphasizes that reality can be measured, thus the need for valid and reliable tools. In contrast, the video also made me realize that some research problems could be best investigated using qualitative research methods - a relativist-social-constructionist stance. This position ontologically posits that there is no singular reality and that it is socially constructed, epistemologically argues that reality needs to be interpreted, and methodologically approaches the acquisition of knowledge in a qualitative way. However, towards the end, the video emphasized that these positions have its advantages and disadvantages. Qualitative research alone may miss out some important aspects of a bigger problem, and quantitative research alone may miss out the significant experiences of individuals caused by a bigger problem. With this, I think it is also important to look into mixed methods research - which employed methods from both ends of the spectrum. In conclusion, I realized that the selection of design for a research project should be anchored on the research questions you wish to shed light on, and the reality or realities you wish to capture. Thanks, Doc Levi, for your insights. I learned a lot.

[@MARCELOBARIL]

Thank you, Doc Levi, for navigating these complex concepts to providing clear explanations that help me grasp the foundational principles of research. I particularly appreciated its ability to connect these abstract ideas to real-world examples, making the subject matter both accessible and engaging.

[@tessenglis3741]

Super thanks Doc Levz. Now I realized the relationship of the four schools of thought to the research project that I’m currently working on. Very well explained doc Levz. Continue creating an impact to the global community and this legacy of yours really will create a ripple. Thanks for spreading knowledge and wisdom as fast as entertainment. #toGodbetheglory

[@bridgetfordyce4000]

Thank you very, very much. I understand these concepts so much better now! What a relief. Very helpful for my assignment.

[@AngeloAcenas653]

First, I would like to address the question regarding my personal view of reality. I lean towards realist ontology, as I believe that there exists a singular truth. Given the existence of an absolute truth, I consider it crucial to employ both quantitative and qualitative approaches in order to unveil it. Furthermore, I've gained an understanding that prior to crafting a research design, it is imperative to contemplate how my investigation aligns with the broader context of the world and why I have chosen to delve into it.

[@babyjaneuytico1660]

Thank you for this informative video, Doc. I realized that in order for a study to make sense, researchers must be able to establish connections among its various parts and elements. Moreover, specifying the lens through which a study looks into a particular phenomenon or problem allows the researcher and the readers to have focus and better understanding. Doing so also provides a foundation for the role of the researcher.

[@FATEJACABAN-d2n]

This video offers a useful introduction to the ideas of ontology and epistemology as well as the usefulness of these topics in the process of study design. It illustrates the value of considering these viewpoints when developing a research project, as they can affect research topics, techniques, and results. Specifically, it highlights the relevance of considering these perspectives when designing a research project. This video also provides an overview of various ontological and epistemological views, which can assist researchers in better understanding their own assumptions and how those assumptions may influence their research. This video has helped me as a new researcher to have a better grasp of the processes of research design as well as those who are trying to refresh their awareness of these fundamental ideas.

[@romelmutya1336]

When I saw the title of this video, I asked myself, "What is the use of Ontology and Epistemology when these terms I only encountered in my Philosophy class? How does it affect my research work today and in the future? After watching the video, I realized the very important role of these two philosophical concepts. Ontology helps me as a researcher on how certain I can be above the nature and existence of objects I am dealing with, how do I deal with different and conflicting ideas of reality? How do I deal with biases in my research? On the other hand, epistemology can influenced me as a researcher in my attempt to discover knowledge, to unravel the answer in my research problem. It is indeed very important to examine the key points that can affect the conduct of research. These philosophical concepts help me as a researcher to reveal the assumption about my research study.

[@maggiemasenya1427]

Very insightful and profound presentation. Thanks a lot

[@niajeanbarbadillo3384]

"Be internally consistent!" This is the statement that really struck me. I would say that being a Science teacher, I shared the same ideas with that of a realist and a positivist because I am trained to it and that is just how Science works. It doesn't need someone's opinion but someone's experimentation as a proof of the truth. I am a person who prefers being objective rather than being subjective. And that no one can bend the truth because it exists whether I am aware of it or not. The truth is just out there waiting to be revealed by experimentation. That's why I learn to love research because I consider research as a way of revealing the truth that is yet to be uncovered. But after listening to this discussion it made me think to explore more the side of a relativist and a social constructionist. I am so intrigued with the idea that "facts depend on the viewpoint of the observer". Which is exactly the opposite of my viewpoints right now. While listening, it really made me question the relativist and a social constructionist viewpoint because I find it hard doing research with such a mindset or viewpoints. But on the other hand, I want to go out of my shell and explore the other side of the spectrum which I am not used to. I want to be surrounded with people who consider themselves as relativists and social constructionists and listen to how they conduct research based on their viewed reality. To end my insights, I would leave a question to those who will be reading this comment - as a researcher is it necessary to choose one from the other or to be flexible and do both ends of the spectrum? As you answer my question, I will continue to reflect on the idea of “be internally consistent” as a researcher. Indeed I learned a lot from this discussion and it made reflect my core values.

[@madguds]

very helpful in understanding the topic. thank you.

[@dahliacristobal8326]

Another bunch of learning struck me after watching this lecture. I like philosophy-related thoughts. From listening to the class, I came across the schools of ontology, which seem new to my schema. In connection with research, humans study things and phenomena around us because we have mixed beliefs and attitudes toward the so-called truth. We wish to unfold the reality for when we achieve such a goal; it feels free - from uncertainties and anything that control our happiness and satisfaction in life generally. We seek truth and the answers to the mysteries life is showing us. We strive for our ikigai-our primary purpose of existence. The population may vary in opinions and views of reality, yet each can cooperate to form a generally accepted truth. As researchers, biases are inevitable but can be controlled. To escape from dilemmas in research, there is a need to be objective in dealing with the tasks. With these branches of philosophy ( epistemology and ontology), we understand what we want to explore and how we approach finding answers to our research questions. Finally, both epistemology and ontology are distinct from each other yet are inseparable fields in research. Because the absence of the former affects the latter and vice versa. They mean that the understanding of what is to be known comes from the ability to understand.

[@chuanyunyu4732]

Perfect video for us postgraduate students. Thank you.

[@cleolagdamen-tokong1266]

Understanding ontology and epistemology is crucial when it comes to designing a research project. Ontology deals with the nature of reality and the fundamental aspects of the world we study. It involves identifying what entities or concepts exist and their interrelationships. Epistemology, on the other hand, explores how knowledge is obtained and what constitutes valid evidence. By considering ontology, you can define the scope of your research and determine what aspects of reality are relevant. Epistemology helps you choose appropriate methods and tools to gather and interpret data, ensuring the credibility and reliability of your findings. Integrating these concepts into your research project design provides a solid intellectual foundation, leading to a more rigorous and impactful study. Good luck with your research endeavor!

[@franz_callano]

The video gave me an idea that when making a study, one must have an aim or goal as to what is to be achieved or purpose. The study must be guided with truth and its relevant objectives. This video gave me also an emphasis what is the differences between ontology and epistemology that I believe would be of great help when conducting studies in the future.

[@raymondvalera1765]

The Truth is what is experientially relevant, logically consistent and empirically adequate ..

[@superhero8755]

thankyou so much you made me understand these concepts. i was struggling with these concepts.

[@joseroyal877]

This is very well explained. Thank you.

[@gratefulheartmom3209]

The video is very interesting because I never really expected that these philosophical theories can actually be associated with Research. This is also an eye-opener as I relate how I did my Masters thesis to these realities. Going into the details, I have come to realize that in the 2 main schools of Epistimology, I am more into the Positivist side. I believe that there is an existing truth out there. They are independent regardless of how others would perceive it. It is like a treasure that awaits to be discovered. The truth in this world awaits as the researchers try to explore and discover it. This makes me understand deeper how being objective in conducting research is a need. I remember when I had my thesis, I also conducted observation of children with special needs and SPED teachers. I tried my best to really do it objectively, so I can find the truth about my study. Therefore, as researchers, the way we conduct our research is highly associated with how we perceive our reality.

[@Trn012]

Thank you! Your explanation was the best that I have heard.

[@LearningWithDocLevz]

Glad it was helpful!

[@EdgermiGGingoyon]

Major take aways and learnings on Ontology and Epistemology There are 4 four big words mentioned in this video: Positivist, Social Constructivist, Ontology and Epistemology. Trying to relate and make connection of the four terms, I realize that the philosophical orientation of the researcher guides him or her in his research paradigm. The understanding of what frames the research influences the choices, more so on understanding the philosophy. When we deal with Ontology, this question will help us: “What is reality?” It will require the researcher to always ask himself or herself, “What is there to be known about the form and nature of reality?” When we try to understand Epistemology, “How can I know the reality” is a better way of analyzing it, or as Otoo (2020) mentioned, it will require the researcher to ask, “What is the relationship between the researcher (myself/would be knower) and that which can be known about the reality?” In the positivist’s view, his ontological and epistemological orientation will focus on one true reality and employs the scientific method with observable and measurable facts, law-like generalizations, and numbers. Knowledge can and must be developed objectively, without the values of the researchers or participants influencing its development. If there is one true reality for the positivist, there are multiple socially constructed realities in the viewpoint of a social constructivist. His ontological and epistemological stance will tell us that there are as many intangible realities as there are people constructing them. Knowledge is subjective because it is socially constructed and mind dependent. In this point of view, communities’ stories, belief systems and claims of spiritual and earth connections find space as legitimate knowledge. As researchers, we are confronted with various philosophies from proponents; some are clashing and may lead us to confusion. What is important is that we become aware and resolve differences to come with our philosophical standpoint. In this sense, we are ensuring that our research outcomes are appropriately and meaningfully interpreted.

[@gekelzfarm6897]

This is a comprehensive explanation and a clear guide on what should be our appropriate approach every time we conduct research and the philosophical stands of which we should anchor our contribution for the generation of new knowledge. As a researcher, this has inspired me as well to realign my aspirations with my philosophy in life and to respect other people's view of the world and of reality . A great reminder also for me to be always seeking objectivity as much as possible but also to accept and respect subjectivity around me. Thank you very much professor. ------Jeneveb Malusay 😊

[@IsaacObeng-l5f]

Very insightful presentation, It has really been helpful.

[@justytuquib3361]

Thank you for this doc. It's so enlightening how Ontology and Epistemology can be used as our philosophical standpoint as we venture a research project. It is so important to know all these because once we do research we always take a philosophical stance because it guides the direction of our study. It is also very informative as it discussed in details ontology and four schools under it and in the same way how epistemology is discussed.

[@catherinedaffon9691]

Thank you for this, doc. I do appreciate ontological and epistemological perspectives as philosophical standpoints in research. Also, the importance of being objective in the interpretation of our data as a researcher. Great job! 👍👍

[@NDNmermaid]

Thank you Doc. Your clear explanations of these two topics helped me to better understand them.

[@InAJiffy99]

Very clear and concise explanation on Ontology and Epistemology, Dr. Levs. You were the first professor to enlighten me on this matter and I am really glad to be one of your students. Now I am certain, as a researcher, that I am on the right path because the philosophies that you have mentioned are just subtlely embedded in my mental frame! Thank you so much doc. This is indeed a very substantial and informative input for me because unravelling the meaning of philosophy can be too complex! Keep on uploading very informative and helpful videos doc! Cheers!

[@juvelynbacus5404]

Thanks for this simplified explanation Doc Levz...I have encountered before these topics, however, they seemed to be still vague for me. With this, through research, we can insist and prove the reality.

[@karensalvemaute2380]

Thank you very much Doc Levz, this video is comprehensive and very much informative. God bless you Doc. I now understand the principles of research design...Nice topic. God bless more doc.

[@elsiejacolbe1207]

Thank you Doc. My topic assignment is Epistemology. This video is very enlightening and will help significantly help me start right as we are now in Qualitative Research subject to prepare us to make a concept paper and later to continue with what I choose to do my thesis. I will follow your other videos on research design. Doc. God bless.

[@rosemarytay1433]

Very Comprehensive. Thank you.

[@RogerWilco66]

Thank you for making and sharing this. To me it is a great stepping stone to further dig into the different branches of ontology and epistemology.

[@thepowerofthemm1846]

Thank you finally a clear and a simple explanation

[@ms.fannymobida]

After watching this video, I then make some realization that I need to learn more about research. Many questions I have in my head such as How can I generate relevant theory that I can anchor to my study? What if I chose Quali and Quanti, will it be going to be very difficult, what am I going to do? Since I have already a research in mind that I really love, and it is more likely a Quanti and Quali research. I just really hope that this research that I will be doing will not just be for the sake of submission or requirement but will benefit the society. Thank you Sir for this, definitely will spread the word, this is a great help. Excited to watch more videos and learn with you. God bless.

[@judithaleguen2312]

This video is quite helpful. It explains well the difference between ontology and epistemology. I learned that in conducting research, choosing a paradigm is just as important as choosing your topic. I hope in the next video, it will be about research methodology specific for each paradigm. Thank you, sir!

[@jonalyndenusta8332]

The reason why most people right now, specifically in the field of academics, conduct research is because they want to examine the root of the issues that exist in our society. Moreover, they discover new ideas and knowledge from the existence of a certain object as the subject of their research because of their deep understanding and study of its existence and how it affects society. A genuine world exists independently of human experience, according to realist ontology, and it can be studied, understood, and experienced as "truth." Ontology in research is important because it will examine the truth or reality, whether it is based on scientific research or observation by the examiner or researcher. Epistemology, on the other hand, investigates the nature of the world and reality. It studies the nature of the difference between an opinionated statement and a justified belief. That is why, in doing research, one thing to think about is the philosophical stances that will be used in order to support the study. In short, the role of the researcher is to investigate its own research by using case studies and surveys, as well as statistical tools, in order to compare and examine the data collected from the population or respondents. The mentioned theory can be useful for a study or investigation.

[@alonaardiza9905]

In this video, it was primarily asked how do I know it is real? How do I view reality and how does if affect my research methods? With this, it made me sum up my ideas into three points. First, I believe reality exist even if I don't know it actually exist. However I also wanted to know why does it exist? How does it exist and what makes it exist? This makes me usually do mixed method researches since aside from knowing the single truth I also wanted to know the story behind this truth. Second, knowing your research question will eventually help you see a pattern or a logic on your study from the ontology ➡️ epistemology ➡️ methodology ➡️ methods. As what is emphasized at the end of the video, your goal in research is what matters most and this will also help you find your view of reality, how you should do it, how can you gather it and what tools should you used for you to answer and to reveal the truth on your research question. Lastly, your view on reality affects how you conduct your research as you take your role being the researcher. It is usually common in a quantitative research and experimental researches to be detached from your participants because you wanted to objectively observed the truth based on your question. Moreover in the lens of a qualitative research like phenomenological study for example, you tend to be part of the world of the participants in order to see better, explain with depth the multiple realities they have stated. This is generally ideal for a social reconstruction and a relativist. In totality, I know truth exist whether I know it or not, but this does not hinder me to know why and how it existed. I also understand that how I view reality and the role I take as a researcher will mean a lot in the creation of the study. There will be a pattern or flow on how things will go making research more interesting.

[@daltonadriel3597]

you prolly dont care at all but does someone know of a tool to log back into an instagram account?? I was stupid forgot the account password. I love any tricks you can give me!

[@dmc3036]

Cheers Doc. Spot on.....

[@algeraliser6066]

I was one of the students who did not fully understand what research is until the new curriculum was introduced. Research was not a thing in my time, or maybe I was just unfortunate enough to not be able to learn research in my earlier studies. Now, I am already a teacher, and I am sometimes tasked to teach research. This video helped me deepen my understanding about research. Honestly, I was not able to fully grasp what this subject is all about, but I think I begin to understand it now because of this video. The discussions on ontology and epistemology helped me understand the different philosophies and views that the researchers employ in their studies. It made me realize that the true beginning of learning should be taught from the roots first. I wonder why these ideals were not introduced to me before in my studies. I am so thankful for this wonderful video. I really learned a lot. It is true that we have different truths, that is why, as said, it is important to describe our truths through research. This will give more weight to our decisions, for policy makers to be guided on their policies, and for people to benefit from the research studies we conduct. This video made a huge impact in me. I am now more inclined to do research. Thanks to you doc, and please, make more videos. You help so many in this platform.

[@meenakshikumar5335]

Very well explained! Thanks.

[@LearningWithDocLevz]

Thank you ! ;)

[@ammarmahmoud2011]

Very useful. Thank you

[@monna123able]

Research is the process of looking for the truth. Therefore, ontology and epistemology should serve as a guide for designing research. Researchers may have varying presumptions regarding the nature of truth and understanding of a given phenomenon. And philosophy assists in understanding presumptions and the various methods/approaches for transforming these presumptions into knowledge. The researcher's perspective will be mirrored in his or her philosophy, which will serve as the foundation for his or her research methodology. As a researcher, it is essential to understand your perspective on the nature, source, and development of knowledge. It is not a matter of determining whether your research should be quantitative or qualitative, but rather your own guiding paradigm, positivist, or relativist approach. So, if you embrace a more positivist viewpoint, you will select standardized tools or objective approaches to help you analyze the phenomenon. In a social constructionist perspective, knowledge is sought through the experience or perspective of how others perceive the phenomenon. And this will assist researchers in the consistency of writing their research.

[@jackredpath8442]

Outstanding explanation. Thank you

[@LearningWithDocLevz]

Thank you Jack :-)

[@perminusmatiure95]

Well presented

[@mariakathrina26]

My takeaways from the video are the following; (1) ontology and epistemology has important role in our research endeavours. (2) In ontology it is how we interpret research findings and we should consider reality in our research, what is really existing that fit in the bigger picture of the world. (3) On the other hand, epistemology determines how you view knowledge generation and how the researcher justify a belief or opinion. It also shapes your approach to data collection and analysis. (4) When conducting a study, researchers should state their ontological and epistemological positions in the methodology, through this the readers and future researchers will understand the the reason why you chose that study and how the data will be analyzed. It was mentioned in the video, that all philosophical studies are valid and researchers should be consistent too in what methods to be used in the study. (5) Overall, in doing research, it is really important to have consistency, from the start until you finish a research topic.

[@millidw8070]

Thank you. I understand now.

[@ma.rizzavillamor6414]

Reality for me will still exist even without me thinking about it. However, if I start perceiving that reality, it will only be real on my own standpoint, thus becoming subjective in a sense, no matter how I try to juxtapose it with objective standard. Socrates said that you will only know if you know that you do not know. Here we are called to pursue knowledge. We can only understand the definition of reality if we start with the idea that we really do not know what reality is. So there, reality starts with the unknown and only starts into its being when someone tries to pursue knowledge about it.

[@adrianabarquez7437]

Good day, Doc Barazon. Yet another excellent research-related video. Thank you for making ontology and epistemology sound comprehensible. This will enable me to go in the appropriate direction with any ensuing research and exploration. Again, I must highlight how important and educational this information is to me .

[@anasucif8726]

thank you thank you

[@sibelpolat4302]

OMG great explanation🥰😍😍 thank you!

[@LearningWithDocLevz]

this means much to me. Thank you

[@Natrualdisaster_guy]

Hi thanks for this video. I'm an early career researcher. Can I make an ontological relativism stance while undertaking a reflexive thematic analytical approach of qualitative study?

[@LearningWithDocLevz]

yes you can. just make sure you analysis leads you to relevant answers to the problems you wish to be answered

[@osbourne-g8j]

Great content, as always! I need some advice: My OKX wallet holds some USDT, and I have the seed phrase. (air carpet target dish off jeans toilet sweet piano spoil fruit essay). How should I go about transferring them to Binance?

[@rabiaishfaq7626]

can u please guide me what will be ontology and epistemology of research on effectiveness of social welfare officers

[@flora8057]

Dear Mr Levz, for a question like 'Why do a nation contribute troops for UN peacekeeping operations?' How to devise a methodology of it basing on its Ontology and Epistemology?

[@ginapecson979]

Realization sank in....when making a research study, philosophical stance is very important, as the saying goes in Filipino, "Paninindigan natin..." -yes, this means we have to stick with the philosophical stance in our study, this is where we anchor our study, and the way how we view it and explain it in our study consistently with the methods being employed.

[@yemiola7581]

Thank you, doctor. just a question, I am planning a study to use survey within my work place for a study. Can I still be subjective? My epistemological stance tends towards social constructivism.

[@filomenalantaca6534]

How do I view my reality? I gather facts and I try not to be bias as I discover facts - which I find difficult. The play button on detach/attach goes on and off.

[@irenpandie7137]

Guys,can you tell me the example of ontology

[@kickytink]

I can see now why a lot of scientist don't like philosophers, lol

[@Bazravish69]

I laughed out loud at this, great comment 😂

[@enfys8147]

Maybe I’m just a dumb person but after learning this I fail to understand how not being a realist can be an useful

[@amazighdocumentary7625]

I hated the AI voice

[@DickHoskins]

Einstein was very clear that he was not a positivist. What would be the alternative?

[@GiovanniCagurin]

Thank you very much for this comprehensive video, Doc. Levz!! It gives me an understanding about on how we view the research based on understanding the nature of reality and truth. I believe this is a basic principle that a researcher must put in mind before making a comprehensive study. These guiding principles will help the researcher the path he/she going to take based on reality, validity and consistency on the pressing issue of the society today. As to my point, I think its only the role of researcher to answer the research question but we need to understand that collective data and findings could help the society on understanding the truth and do something about it. Again, thank you Doc Levz and see you tomorrow with more meaningful learning from you. Love lots

[@sondrew]

Aside from being helpful in conduting researches, this video discussion has a more personal effect/impact on me. This made me re-evaluate myself on where do I really stand as a person and not just as a researcher. As I watched and listened further, I got hooked and interested. It made me do a self-check especially when it comes to the decisions I made in the past, how I view things before and now, and what I would want to become in the future. For a minute, I paused the video, had my eyes closed and just simply absorb the information I have just heard. The discussion on ontology did impact me a lot. I even reached to a point where I asked myself which of the four views I used or am using at present. After listening to the discssion, I got a bit of an understanding why people act and behave in a way different from mine. It all boils down on the kind of lens we use to view the world - whether as an extreme realist or a nominalist. As for epistemology, it actually helped me better understand why I was inclined/interested in doing quantitative more than qualitative research. I was not really a fan of the qualitative researches of my students before simply because most of them were prone to biases and were mostly opinion-based. I thought then that different people may have different opinions and so there is no absolute truth in there. In fact, the results of the research may even be subjective and not applicable to all situations. So why do it? Because of this discussion, my eyes were opened to the reality that I am more inclined to being a positivist/realist and that explains why I felt the way I did before. Those things in the past now made sense to me and having this kind of realization would truly help and guide me. At the end, I had come to realize where I really stand as a person and perhaps what path I would want to take as a future researcher. However, I am still open to a possibility that things may change along the way. Hopefully when that day comes, I wish to watch this video once more. :-)

[@jiyounglee3621]

good explanation doc. thank you.

[@KevinLagat-w6l]

Thank you for sharing this informative educational video, Doc Levz! I’m glad to know more about how a researcher’s philosophical views of reality influence the entire research process. Perhaps my most important take-away from your talk is that, prior to designing research, one should consider how the propose study would fit in the bigger picture of the world- specifically how you perceive it, and how you choose to investigate it. Therefore, there should be a coherence between one’s philosophical view of reality (whether is it pre-existing, subjective, etc.) and the manner or process in which one intends to investigate it. In other words, one’s research methodology, should be related to the philosophical underpinnings of the paper. I find this new insight very much helpful in designing research proposals. Thank you again, sir!

[@omarelmoussa8658]

Great explanation

[@Clra2028]

Excellent Video, well explained and useful for my understanding. Thank you!

[@BERNADETHFERNANDEZ-y5j]

From the discussion, I can say that ontological and epistemological stances serve as a compass, guiding your entire research process-from formulating questions to interpreting results involving the different phases in conducting a research project or a study. Ontology refers to our understanding of reality, the nature of existence, and what truly exists in the world. The ontological stance influences how we define research questions, select variables, and interpret findings and consider whether we believe in an objective reality or if reality is socially constructed. And epistemology deals with knowledge, how we acquire it, and what counts as valid knowledge. Epistemology shapes the research methodology and data collection. It is more like whether we lean toward positivism (objective, empirical knowledge) or constructivism (subjective, socially constructed knowledge).

[@TheThesimdicateproje]

If I’m doing mixed methods, quantativeand qualitive research then surely I am realist and relativist. I have some actual data unbiased and then conducted interviews with opinions.

[@amielidr]

Ontological considerations help researchers define the nature of the phenomena they are studying. It involves questions about the existence, nature, and characteristics of the social or natural world. For example, in social sciences, researchers might ask whether social phenomena have an objective reality or if they are socially constructed. Also, epistemological considerations guide researchers in determining how they can acquire knowledge about the phenomena of interest. It deals with questions about the nature of knowledge and how we can be certain or justified in our claims. Researchers need to decide whether they believe in objective, subjective, or constructivist approaches to knowledge.

[@CHARLENESECUYA-f1y]

The role of the researcher, ontology, epistemology, and research design are all critical components of any research project. In this reflection, I'll go over each of these principles and their significance in conducting effective research. The overall plan or strategy for conducting research is referred to as research design. Making decisions about research questions, sampling methods, data collection procedures, and data analysis techniques are all part of the process. A well-designed research project is essential for ensuring reliable and valid results. The study of what exists and what can be known is known as ontology. It is concerned with questions about the nature of reality, including the researcher's relationship with the object of study. In research, ontology is important in shaping research questions, hypotheses, and data collection methods. On the other hand, epistemology is concerned with the nature of knowledge and how it is acquired. It is concerned with the validity and dependability of knowledge claims. Epistemology is important in research because it influences the methods used to collect and analyze data, as well as the interpretation of findings. The researcher's role in a research project is multifaceted. Researchers are in charge of designing the study, gathering and analyzing data, interpreting findings, and communicating findings to others. They must also follow ethical guidelines and conduct their research with integrity. In conclusion, research design, ontology, epistemology, and the researcher's role are all critical components of successful research. Each of these principles must be carefully considered by researchers before making informed decisions about how to shape their research project. They can ensure that their research is rigorous, reliable, and valid, and that it contributes significantly to their field of study by doing so. - Charlene Secuya 😇

[@Sam_on_YouTube]

Social constructionism is an ontological view. The view you were looking for is called antipositivism. They are related, but very much not the same. You can be both a positivist and a social contructionist at the same time. Indeed, to some degree I hold both those views (though not particularly extreme versions of them).

[@judethaddeusmetante3897]

I can say with certainty that conducting research requires more objectivity than assumptions. I believe this is also true of conducting quantitative research as opposed to qualitative research because it will get us closer to the facts of why things behave the way they do. Ontology stresses the perspective of reality, but it also recognizes that reality has multiple versions, including those based on science and others that are determined by how people define reality. In other words, it relates to the philosophy of man, which is where epistemology entered. Ed.D EM

[@LeemarcAlia]

When designing a research project, it is essential to consider the concepts of ontology and epistemology. Ontology is concerned with understanding what exists and what is real in the world, while epistemology is focused on the origin of knowledge and how we can gain knowledge about the world. These two concepts shape the researcher's view of the world and what they believe is possible to learn from it. Different philosophical views exist regarding ontology and epistemology, and there is no right or wrong approach to these concepts. Researchers must choose an approach that aligns with their research question and objectives. For instance, social constructionists tend to use qualitative research methods that allow them to understand the meaning people give to the world and how they construct it. In contrast, realists favor a positivist approach that emphasizes objective observations and measurements of the world. Ultimately, researchers should choose the approach that suits their research objectives and aligns with their worldview. The important thing is to be consistent in applying the chosen approach and transparent in explaining the philosophical assumptions that underlie the research.

[@SABARHASAN-xq9dy]

Becoming a good researcher does not happen overnight. We need to anchor ourselves on some principles which will guide us in successfully doing a very good research endeavor and creating results that help shape our society and solve its problems. This video helps us determine the types of ontology and epistemology we researchers embraced in the context of designing our research studies. The four main schools of ontology will aid researchers to uncover the basis of their viewpoint or ideas about the truth and facts. This will guide you in considering fitting your investigation to the bigger picture of the world, in choosing how to investigate, how you perceive the world and reality. Furthermore, the two main schools of epistemology determine whether you study the world by objective observations in which reality is consistent and independent of human perception (positivist) or believing that reality is rather created by people through their feelings, beliefs, and thoughts (social constructivist). The way you view about the reality in the world is totally up to you and this is reflected on the methods you employ and principle your methods is anchored on. There are also different methods employed in various schools of ontology and epistemology as well as on how they draw meaning from types of data and their sources. Finally, the video teaches us about our role as a researcher. As you anchor your principle to a specific ontology or epistemology, also consider the role you are going to play which can set you to the right directions you should be going in your research whether you are detached, external or involved in the process. Trade-offs are normally present when you choose to employ a particular principle or method which also involved some disadvantages besides the benefits it can give. As long as you are able to answer your chosen research questions, other things won’t matter this much. Thanks Doc Levz for sharing this enlightening video.

[@bookwormteaching]

Thank you this has really helped me understand Ontology

[@ERICFORKPAH-uy4sg]

From this video i was able to understand that ontology addresses questions about the nature of reality, while epistemology addresses questions about the nature of knowledge and how it is acquired. Besides, i also see that both ontology and epistemology are essential considerations when designing research, as they shape the research approach to understanding and studying subject matter.

[@analietangaro1233]

Ontology is fact , the reality living in a reality based on truth , a phenomenon wherein the truth truly exist like what we have the reality now , all of us are facing pandemic versus face to face while research in Epistemology its perceiving the way of investigating the world by conducting observation to the different kind of people through their feelings, beliefs and perceptions of the individual , different researches will influence how we employ Quantitative Research trying to approve or disapprove their ideas by conducting experiments . surveys , study from the pattern , its positivist tending to use numbers as the need to gather data of collecting information and can be used for further research studies ,. our research will be attach or detached , we must just be positive enough.

[@chrismaemarao4286]

While watching the video, I was asked the questions "How do I view reality and how does it affect my research?" I view reality in a positivist way but I also believe that realities should be supported by how people accept/experience these realities by knowing their perceptions, feelings and experiences. And because of this point of view, it affects how I do my research procedures and data analysis. With this, I use mixed method research design where I gather and analyse numerical data but also incorporating the views/ experiences of participants to support the quantitative data gathered. By this experience and with this video, I realize the importance of determining the researcher's "viewpoint" towards reality since this is the "holy grail" or the "most important piece" in order to identify the kind of research the researcher would like to investigate, to know the research methodology and to pinpoint the appropriate research methods to use. To sum up, the discussion helps me to appreciate the beauty of epistemology, ontology and most importantly, the different points of view of the researchers. It aids me not only to design a good research project but also to pinpoint the gaps among all other "realities" that exist.