What SONIC Can Do at TOP SPEED?

Just how fast is everyone's favorite hedgehog?

[@TheBluePhoenix008]

"Stop haunting me Matthew!" ~Kyle Hill 2020

[@jackielinde7568]

Should be stalking, seeing that MatPat is still alive.

[@YDIE8]

MatPat full name = Matthew Patthew

[@TheBluePhoenix008]

@@YDIE8 i know

[@zzzdee1980]

@@YDIE8 *Matthew Patrick

[@StarForceBelmont321]

Oh my God Kyle the Hedgehog is almost as terrifying as the first Sonic design XD

[@Teraphas]

Key word being almost. Original trailer sonic is still more disturbing

[@fl00fydragon]

Look up Hbomberguy if you really want to see a haunting sonic cosplay in a video essay.

[@edvance1030]

@@fl00fydragon Urg. I regret looking it up. That cosplay was disturbing.

[@fl00fydragon]

@@edvance1030 I KNOW RIGHT! I don't know if I should laugh, cringe or run in fear!

[@1014p]

Sharon Loy no I got it, the next movie when they introduce the start of shadow. Actually turns out to be the freak show sonic which dies shortly after creation. Even horrifying the Dr. However shadow isn’t introduced till third move, but instead some crazy scheme on Dr. part. Hate it when movies rush characters in, let happen slowly.

[@TommyCrosby]

Kyle went so fast that he broke the fabrics of reality in the void and escaped the channel...

[@ObligedUniform]

What shall we call this brave new world he'll whip up for us in that other place? I'm thinking Hillpoint.

[@starsandsus3725]

Haha

[@theperfectbotsteve4916]

Nooo someone get him back

[@prmetim3z522]

I love how everyone apparently chose to forget that there's a scene in the sonic movie where he goes so fast it seems like everything in the bar fight was almost completely frozen for nearly 3 minutes. To do that, while I won't calculate the actual value, it would mean that in any form (since this is base sonic who wasn't even supercharged), Sonic can move at speeds comparable to the speed of light. That mega EMP he caused pales in comparison to the actual physics behind the bar fight scene.

[@TheEthanEdge]

if you can see them moving, even a little, its no where near the speed of light. I've not seen the film so i dunno if you can.

[@yoolie1350]

@@TheEthanEdge You can, just -very- slowly. You see the same type of "time stop" near the end, and there IS movement.

[@KyleMcMullan_Musician]

If he was moving for what seemed like 1.5 minutes (based off the clip) at what looks like a slow motion speed (maybe 5 m/s being generous) but the whole thing say actually a 1/100th of a second (because slight movement), he's moving at around 45,000 m a second Thats .015% the speed of light. I think you underestimate how fast light is. Even at the points he's bluring, and we're being really generous and saying he looks like hes moving 1000m/s, thats still only 0.3% the speed of light.

[@MrJdcirbo]

If he were moving at relativistic speeds, he would not see the rest of the world slow down. He would see it speed up. To an observer looking at Sonic, his relative time rate would slow down. That's the Lorentz transformation of time, otherwise known as time dilation. Hollywood doesn't seem to ever consult actual physicists on these matters...

[@KyleMcMullan_Musician]

@@MrJdcirbo Speed up is relative though At relativistic speeds they would speed up so they look like theyre always moving at around 0.33 nm a 'second' (second being counted in slow motion)

[@TheListofMrRaguso]

"why was there a bunny in the robot bee?" Someone has to pilot the robot bee Kyle. Come on.

[@williansnobre]

What if I told you the bunny rabbit is not the pilot but the battery.

[@seanwilson531]

i still never got that. what sorta energy does Dr. Eggman harness from the animals he puts inside his badnik machine things? did anybody ever make a forum discussion on this? O_o

[@williansnobre]

@@seanwilson531 Maybe it's "life energy" or something like that. Or perhaps the machine is using the animal brain as wetware for running complex calculations. It even could be that Dr. Eggman is actually insane and there is not real point in putting the animals inside at all. "Look at this rabbit. What a boring creature. I can fix it. This rabbit will look way better as a jet propelled blue metalic bee"

[@JubeiKibagamiFez]

I thought the animals inside the robots were powering the robots, like hamster wheels???

[@NotAGoodUsername360]

@@seanwilson531 The movie seems to imply it's exotic matter or something similar to it

[@JustADioWhosAHeroForFun]

Sonic "Being faster than light, _always leaves you in Darkness"_

[@mortuos557]

If you have the same direction you could catch up to photons, and see what was behind you

[@odinson5911]

Nope, it would in fact widen your view like this guy mentioned.

[@kenwalkensdeadchannelcanal2886]

@@secoTheSonicFan you're sonic, forgot? Duh?

[@SenketsuFi]

"another episode" One that we will never get...

[@outlawful2406]

He started his own channel. "Kyle Hill"

[@JackTulsen77]

We bullied an entire studio into redesigning a movie character. Bullying one little youtuber into making a KZbin video should be no problem.

[@wills20111]

Just go over to his channel. He's happier now anyway and gets creative freedom as well as all the cash. Honestly, it's going to be better content.

[@Ataurion]

[Everyone felt that]

[@Ataurion]

[Everyone felt that]

[@Down_the_Wind]

“....another episode!” Yeah, you see, that’s not gonna happen....

[@NerdyAngel1989]

If I remember the note they put out correctly we will still be seeing Kyle on BS for a bit, they are posting videos they haven’t posted before.

[@Down_the_Wind]

Yes, but let us hope it’s not some compilation footage just to see how his hair became progressively longer over time.

[@NerdyAngel1989]

Twitchymeat good point

[@deathglock496]

@@NerdyAngel1989 BS heh.

[@EveloGrave]

I remember in my first physics class we used Sonic going through a Green Hill Zone loop. This was a blast from the past.

[@kadosho02]

Best example ever 😊

[@endernightthedrokain1770]

You had the best physics teacher!

[@rickyuzumaki695]

Evelo Say what? Best. Physics teacher. Ever.

[@duchi882]

There are many Levels of Speed: 1. Sound Speed 2. Light Speed 3. Sonic Speed 4. Closing the Incognito Tab when your parent come in Speed 5. Your Mom calling you in full name then throwing the Chancla at you Speed

[@TheBluePhoenix008]

r/suspiciouslyspecific

[@Cieges]

This man knowsssss🤣😂🤣

[@toropazzoide]

Don't forget 6. Ludicrous Speed

[@KoiVille01]

Eminem speed

[@curtisking8393]

Chancla

[@rudyronquillo4504]

You don't even realize, that this is the last time we'll see Kyle. 😔

[@Rabe325]

why?

[@Phaeton667]

@@Rabe325 he left this channel today. However he has a new channel called Kyle Hill.

[@omicdog]

Kyle Hill Zone?

[@josephtucker1863]

kzbin.info/door/FbtcTaMFnOAP0pFO1L8hVw - Kyle's new channel

[@TiagoTiagoT]

Why would he do that without saying goodbye?

[@thomasboys7216]

"What SONIC Can Do at TOP SPEED?" Plow face first into a wall of spikes mere metres from the end of the level when I don't have rings left.... ...or.... ...run away from the highly disturbing Rule 34 images on DeviantArt.

[@electric_creeper]

Seriously speaking, he can: - Run past 8 universes in 8 hours. - Outrun a black hole without boosting. - Outrun a Bugatti Veyron. - Time travel somewhere. - Travel into a different dimension called "Bonus Levels".

[@TheCocoDane]

Yo listen up, here's the story About a little guy that lives in a blue world......

[@mortuos557]

And all day and all night and everything he sees is just blue

[@thorthethunderdawg5289]

Like him, inside and outside Blue his house with a blue little window

[@krullzs]

And a blue Corvette And everything is blue for him And himself and everybody around 'Cause he ain't got nobody to listen.....

[@jflanagan9696]

@@krullzs To listen.... To listen... To listen....

[@ashenwuss1651]

*IF I WERE GREEN I WOULD DIE*

[@rundabjorn345]

can we all just take a moment to appreciate that this guy has to write everything mirrored

[@SalaComMander]

He doesn't. He's right handed, but in videos he is seen writing with his left. The footage is mirrored. This is why he never wears a shirt with a design on it.

[@bryanwoods3373]

He's not. They film it normally and then flip the image. He just wears symmetrical clothing to hide that fact, but you can sometimes tell when he's doing things that don't have writing on screen. Or you'll see the markers seem to switch between his left and right hand for no reason. He's right-handed.

[@jamiepurnell307]

You guys forgetting the alien space villain thing yeah?

[@rundabjorn345]

SalaComMander that makes sense. Thank you :)

[@shaider1982]

In fairness, staff working in hq of air forces or aircraft carriers are trained to write in reverse

[@Diceman82]

"Knuckles is cooler" You really are a supervillain to start THAT flame war in the comments. Some men just want to watch the world(or comments section) burn, don't they?

[@cranidos123]

Diceman82 Shadow is cooler than both sonic and knuckles

[@Diceman82]

@@cranidos123 Ok, sure. make sure not to cut yourself on all that Edge :p

[@suicidesquid3581]

Waluigi is the best.

[@tangerian319]

He is correct though... it is the real answer to that question. The war would start if you threw in Shadow and/or Silver. Still, Knuckles is the coolest.

[@suicidesquid3581]

@@tangerian319 Also, who tf is shadow?

[@riverbrooks6973]

I really love the chance to solve some of the problems during the episodes! I was always curious to see if I could come up with and solve problems as you do and now I can practice that and watch your videos at the same time!

[@RaydeusMX]

That's the most disturbing thumbnail I've seen in a while. XD

[@TheBluePhoenix008]

Agreed xox

[@skylx0812]

...looks like a shocked _bird of prey_

[@palpatinethesenatehog7086]

@@skylx0812 lmao

[@fetterblue]

I just want to say I appreciate you going through the equations. I'm majoring in physics up at college and learning all these equations while watching a fun and silly video is extremely helpful

[@zanepickens8706]

hey kyle, love the show! literally earned my like in about 30 seconds by bringing up the two channels that even led me to find your channel!

[@lasarith2]

1:09 Dude - er I mean discount Thor , Jim Carrey was the best thing in the first Sonic trailers .

[@MrOuchiez]

lasarith2 - AGREED! No idea what Kyle was on there.

[@Krelen107]

Totally agree!

[@TigerWolf111]

He never said he was bad or anything. He's talking about Jim Carrey's ridiculous ability to ad-lib... in a trailer nobody liked.

[@sokkawiseoaf4839]

"What SONIC Can Do at TOP SPEED?" Well, we know he can take 9 million steps in a day

[@kadosho02]

That Fitbit = must be one of the best gadgets in any universe

[@Kesiif]

In all his comics he doesntbhave a top speed just a max acceleration which he improves over time.

[@GrulbGL]

simple math: day: 24 hrs steps 9 million: adopting an avarage step distance: .5 meters day in seconds: 86400 steps / second: 104,16 avg day speed: 52m/s i'm completelly disappointed. i'm pretty sure that in the sonic intro music says "sonic faster than light...", and in some fan forums, around 8 times i guess.

[@jonathanpatry]

​@@GrulbGL faster than LIGHT? yeah no. Sonic adventure 2 battle say's iconic music, Escape the city, sings: "Running around at the speed of sound", which I dont think they ever showed him go any faster in any media to be honest. Light speed is running something like 7 times around the planet in a second.

[@stoplookinghere4862]

SWEATCOINS RAINING

[@adamweber74]

I am glad to see you are playing my game with me. Film theorist for the win!

[@ob_easy9169]

Your drawings are amazing! I think thats the best part of your videos lol

[@jackielinde7568]

Kyle, there is one question ALL THREE OF YOU DUDES missed: What effect would Sonic's speed have on his environment. Things like: - What happens to the air when he hits those speeds? What happens to the air IN THE LOOP-DE-LOOP when he hits those speeds? - What happens to the track that he's running on when he hits those speeds? Could the various track elements even survive? - What happens to those rings and our blue dude when he goes to collect them? Would they shoot through him like bullets? And would they survive? - What would happen to all of those bad guys being that close to the blue dude? Would they survive? What injuries would they sustain? - Are there questions I missed? I'm guessing that the blue dude isn't going fast enough to significantly alter the planet's rotational speed or inclination in the solar plane. I'm also going to go out on a limb and say his effects wouldn't be as drastic as would be in a race between Superman and The Flash, but I don't think I want to be anywhere near him when he goes zipping by.

[@sameemsheikh2914]

Hey dude he made this video to give us a rough idea about Sonic's velocity not about the effcts he will cause to surrounding, if he ran at his pick speed or hypersonic speed.

[@Spider602]

You're getting Super Nerd, I'm calling it now

[@JCintheBCC]

*Speed Force hand wave*

[@jackielinde7568]

@@sameemsheikh2914 Except that the start of the video sounded like he might explore effects that the other two didn't talk about. The only thing he explored was how high of a loop-de-loop could Sonic run.

[@lylebrownrigg7403]

Okay, following your line of questioning, -How far would you need to be from Sonic's path to be safe ? What would be the effect of Sonic travelling through cities and towns? Would the structures be able to survive the blast of wind as he passed? If sonic were running to your rescue and picked you up, would you turn into a red mist like that girl from "The Boys"?

[@HamyK]

I learned more about physics in this video than in my entire semester of grade 11 physics

[@murdahornet8464]

I love your videos I have been watching since 2019 and I just love how fun the videos are!

[@MizuMark]

The final because science video it's been a wild ride kyle CYA real soon om your channel

[@wingsofspeed4023]

Hey Kyle, love the show. At 6:27 you wrote the equation as V squared on the left, when the equation you used to calculate sonic's entrance velocity to be 27mph had just V, so it should have been v = sqrt(5gr). If that equation was to be correct (v^2 = sqrt(5gr)), then the rearrangement of the equation would have had V to the fourth power instead of V squared. Just covering all basis just in case one of the corrections was wrong. btw i love the cut off scream

[@Freyalise50]

V to the 4th actually. V squared squared would be to the fourth power.

[@EUPassionStorm]

@@Freyalise50 Thank you, everyone should thumb this so he sees this one. My math disagreed with him because he rewrote the equation wrong and I didnt notice immediately.

[@wingsofspeed4023]

@@Freyalise50 thanks for the correction, ita been a long time since I've done maths,

[@irgyn]

after checking: it's supposed to be v=sqrt(5gr), and not v². v² should equal 5gr (which is what he used for further calculations, so no prob there)

[@wingsofspeed4023]

@@irgyn he still wrote the equation down wrong though at 6:27

[@nightclaw6392]

"If Sonic was A HYPER SONIC...." *who's gonna tell him?*

[@Ezekku]

Gotta get those Super emeralds first

[@Soenel7]

Also sonic has been known run just under light speed

[@queenofthebones]

Sonic has broken the sound barrier before

[@edvance1030]

@hames stanfield He has been shown to run faster than light in the comics.

[@williansnobre]

Hyper Sonic doesn't exist

[@TaiWanWaf]

You always have such great energy for these episodes! If you used the debug mode in the original Sonic the Hedgehog game I think you wouldn’t have had to use an approximation for seeing how many Sonics the radius of a loop would happen to be ᕦ⊙෴⊙ᕤ purrhapps

[@NeverlostatBSgaming]

“Big ring energy” is the new big d energy

[@Matthew_Klepadlo]

I like how we aren’t just finding out Sonic’s speed, but using it in a cool way. It refreshing AND it doesn’t 1000% destroy everyone’s childhoods.

[@kadosho02]

Sonic Unleashed added a unique mechanic that: Measured ring energy collected Current speed Accelerated speed And achievable Mach speed / Max speed limit It's those little details, that give each adventure a unique experience for a player to dive into.

[@flooferderp2918]

"The living taco endorsement" omfg.

[@laam999]

Please explain, I was shocked by it but I don't get it

[@phelanii4444]

@@laam999 the host of vsauce 3, Jake, really likes tacos.

[@yahecker3515]

Hey Kyle, love the show and really enjoy your work, keep it up! Just a small error I spotted at 6:12. The square of the velocity doesn't increase with the square root of the radius (times constants), your left hand side of the equation was squared but the right hand one was not. Much love from Germany! And as I said: Please keep up the cool work :)

[@monsterbash9758]

This is the best KZbin channel ever and this is my favorite episode.

[@renatoigmed]

03:52 and here we go again with that damn imperial unit measurement ... ok. 12mph = 19.3Km/h

[@Kesiif]

Whats fumny is USA doesnt us miles it used US miles. Lmao

[@Warhawk76]

I am guessing that the vast majority of his viewers are in the US so is that really so surprising?

[@Pokemaniac_Nick]

So I guess the “5.4 meters per second” mentioned just before that doesn’t count?

[@curtisking8393]

The Sonic movie was actually really good.😂

[@zamon8erz10]

It was average at best wouldn't call it great. Was just OK could have been better if it was more based on the game rather than that real world bs. Hopefully the next one better with more sonic characters I feel they would interact better with each other and feel like its a actual sonic movie not just a movie with sonic in it

[@TGHunter]

@@zamon8erz10 The movie actually fits really well with the games and kinda creates a lot of explanations for stuff in the games... Its kinda good for a origin... And thats the thing you and ppl saying that this movie should had more of the games.. its a origin movie, it needs to happen on earth and explain Sonic personality as well eggman origin... It needed to be like that... And because of budget...

[@zamon8erz10]

@@TGHunter probably more budget than anything else, like I sed was a OK movie I dint hate it tho the humor was a bit hit n miss with me. I just think it would have been better with more sonic characters, but the next one will clearly have more so it might feel more like a sonic movie if you get me. This plot could have been any game character in that place I feel, I don't know the sonic lore beyond the old cartoons and the first 2 sonic games so I might be missing a lot of the hidden nods to lore

[@TGHunter]

​@@zamon8erz10 "I just think it would have been better with more sonic characters" Sonic 1 is about Sonic and Eggman, and it needs a start for a new audience. By that logic Sonic 1 is less Sonic than other games... which is not true. "This plot could have been any game character in that place I feel" Not really, this fits Sonic really well and gives more explanation for the events from the 3D games. "I don't know the sonic lore beyond the old cartoons and the first 2 sonic games so I might be missing a lot of the hidden nods to lore" Oh god im sure you are, btw forget the cartoon for the lore part, they never were cannon, totally a spin-off thing. I really recommend playing some more games or just looking it up, this movie shows a lot of heart behind it and it really fits Sonic, even with his personality giving room for him to delevop a lot.

[@robcfg]

Hi Kyle, great show! I plugged in the speed of light in your formula and got around a 0.2 light year loop. Talk about amazing structures!

[@rouveng.2163]

Nice vid as always ;) In fact, Sonic could run through even bigger loops, if you stop assuming the gravitational force to be constant while increasing the distance between the Object and the earths mass Center. Especially for the 120km loop, this will surely make a Difference :)

[@DaremoTen]

Interesting, but I was expecting a discussion of Sonic's speed exiting the loop because: Sonic is not a rollercoaster. The thing about rollercoasters is, they coast. They get their initial impetus from the first hill and expend that over the course of their, er, course, so a coaster entering it's loop wouldn't gain back as much energy from the pull of gravity on the other side thanks to losses to friction and the kind, though "circular coaster in a vacuum" noodling says the net energy over the entire loop should be zero. But Sonic is self propelled. He is constantly adding energy to the system so as to not coast to a stop. Even if Sonic doesn't add enough velocity to maintain a constant speed in his six meter loop, if he makes up for half the energy loss at the top of the loop, entered at 12m/s to reach a speed of ~9m/s rather than ~5m/s, when he exits he should be moving at between 15~16m/s(just figuring in me head, I'm sure someone will say with more accuracy). When you scale that up to your Super Sonic and Hyper Sonic speeds, wouldn't Sonic be moving at abominable speeds? Something around ~2200m/s for Hyper Sonic?

[@robspiess]

@5:12 Kyle mentions "If he's just spinning around a loop, continuing on his speedy way, not adding energy to the system...", so I suspect this is Sonic balled up in a "non-running" form. I guess it could be calculated if Sonic were running half-way up a loop and forms into a ball at the top (seeing as you can't run downhill faster than you can run without ow), but "half the energy loss" is kinda arbitrary and Kyle calculates both "always ball" and "always running" in a satisfying way.

[@InSanic13]

Oh hey, you're back!

[@bronsolo6941]

These equations were on my physics homework last week. Finally, I can see the applications

[@Leumas2118]

Hey Kyle, love the show. Missed you buddy.

[@gamingelementalist6725]

Hey show, love the Kyle! I had a question about stars and iron. If you were to throw solid iron into a star would in have the same "poisoning" effect that starts have naturally once they create iron themselves or would something different happen? Could never find this online anywhere, and was too late to the star episode to put it up when it happened.

[@mikhailkalashnikov7886]

I get where you're coming from but, no throwing a chunk of iron into a star wouldn't do anything to it. The reason why stars die when they start producing iron is that fusing iron gives you a net energy loss (consequently, producing elements heavier than iron in a star requires supernova conditions). Think about it this way, throwing a chunk of iron into a star won't affect whether or not that star still has hydrogen and helium to fuse. Hope that helps.

[@gamingelementalist6725]

@@mikhailkalashnikov7886 yes actually. Thank you.

[@raics101]

I'd say no, iron is just something a star can't fuse any further to create energy. If you threw a chunk of iron into a star it's like tossing a stone in your furnace, it won't burn but it won't put the fire out either. If you added a LOT of iron, though, you would probably speed the process up because its mass would increase.

[@bengoodwin2141]

Gaming Elementalist no, in simple terms it’s not the iron that does this but the running out of fuel that isn’t iron, as far as I know

[@mikhailkalashnikov7886]

Happy to help!

[@MrMusical3]

Your favorite Sonic character is Tails. You know how I know? Because Science.

[@user-rh8re2jf5f]

It's your

[@MrMusical3]

@@user-rh8re2jf5f Thanks dude!

[@donellebullock7404]

Sonic officially is about 5'11", Moved fast enough to escape a Black Hole (games), Moved fast enough to dodge lasers (games), and basically slid through dimensions (comics)

[@scawdar1907]

This youtube channel is pure gold,the references,the maths,the jokes. I mean how can someone be a huge nerd while being really really cool?

[@outlawful2406]

Hey Kyle, love the show! I have an equation for ya. Entertaining + kind + educational + fantastic hair = proof Kyle is the Bob Ross of science!

[@trainjackson63]

He lacks the calm, chill relaxing voice though.

[@gabemerritt3139]

Kyle hill is his new channel he is done here

[@Jefe_rust]

Hey Kyle, love this show. For that final value you got for sonic traveling at hypersonic speeds, wouldn’t the actual diameter for the loop be greater than 120 km since sonic would be experiencing less gravity as he got closer to the border of space?

[@itsjustcheese4929]

Thanks for the video Kyle I love telling people facts that I've learned, any way where do you get most of your information from or do you not have a preference also please forgive me for my spelling

[@aaronu2951]

I like it when you ask us to solve the problems ourselves. Very interactive.

[@hampdog5716]

*Ding dong* "Huh, Checkpoint...sick" Best line in the video 👍🏼

[@Kay_Sea251]

Kinda wished he said "neat" instead

[@TheRibottoStudios]

I think it would be REAL interesting if a video were made on who would be faster-The Flash or Shadow the Hedgehog. Sonic would be no match but I think even Shadow could give Flash a run for his money. The black hedgehog can run at near light speed after all.

[@ayyyjirachi6530]

Super Sonic could move that fast as well tho also which version of flash are we talking about cause depending on that determines if shadow is relevant

[@tawon1984]

Ribotto Studios My answer is you’re a cutie Ribotto 😍

[@TheRibottoStudios]

@@ayyyjirachi6530 yes but Sonic needs Super Sonic form to even keep up. JUST on his OWN, Shadow can run at near light speed levels. When he's Super Shadow, he's damn near invincible lol. And say if we had Barry Flash vs Shadow.

[@ayyyjirachi6530]

@@TheRibottoStudios lol yeah if so if we use Barry idk maybe pre crises he'd be faster but it would still be pretty fun to see

[@bioresidentskg5025]

@@TheRibottoStudios Sonic runs faster than light in his base form. In Sonic CD he was traveling through time and in Sonic Generations he was able to restore color, life, and time to the zones he was running in. It was also confirmed by SEGA themselves that Sonic, Shadow, and Silver have the same speed...you can't wank Shadow and downplay Sonic.

[@diegoreyes7621]

I’ll miss you bro hope your new channel becomes as famous as this one

[@pseudomagics4576]

Long time no science bro. Welcome back.

[@ocramot]

After seeing the latest video on the channel, now I understand what you meant at 10:00 when you wrote... "Kyle has passed".

[@michealroman3623]

Welcome back. Did they detain you for some supervillainy thing??

[@georgeeason5184]

Love the show. Missed you the past couple of weeks. Is everything ok with you, your friends and family? I hope so. Glad you're back.

[@c2sartinkprinthub757]

I thought also something is missing with my notification..

[@erinkarp6317]

2:28 So glad you pointed that out! Centrifugal is just something stopping a centripetal force

[@nicholasking2221]

Can you explain what that centrifugal force is? From what I understand there isn't any centrifugal force at all on top of the loop, just an initial upward velocity gained earlier in the loop which temporary keeps Sonic on top of the loop but not forever. If there was a centrifugal force and a centripetal force equal and against eachother, Sonic can stand still on top of the loop and he will just keep going in the motion that he started with.

[@erinkarp6317]

@@nicholasking2221 I just realized... that explanation only works on a spinning disc. NVM

[@3nertia]

8:27 - Okay, now I need to see Sonic in a wind tunnel at NASA ...

[@kadosho02]

That sounds awesome. Hey maybe a challenge for a later video

[@rickyuzumaki695]

3nertia Same here

[@TheShinbotatron]

Thank god your back! Its been CHAOS i tell you..CHAOS!!! hehe get it.

[@raptorzeraora2632]

Chaos emeralds

[@jackielinde7568]

Yeah, a bunch of us almost started to believe the world was flat. However, in my case, it was only to go hang out at Ankh-Morpork and maybe try to feed the great space turtle A'tuin.

[@jeluenhayo2410]

Kyle: "Why is there a little bunny in a robot-bee?" Dr. Eggman: "Because SCIENCE!"

[@aaronzachary3979]

The speedy of sound.

[@chrslrch]

Welcome back. I was wondering if you could discuss some other channels's conclusions on a footnotes, like a "responds to" video, or something similar. For example MattPat recently looked at Link's strength and I was wondering if you could point out why you came to wildly different values.

[@Philipel2010]

6:30 the equation has both a squared on the left and a sqrt on the right

[@ricardopereira3981]

Hey Kyle, love the shooooow! Is it actually possible for a biped to run a complete loop? I might be wrong, but I don't think so. While we can clearly do it on a bicycle or skateboard or roller coaster (we have lots of evidence of that :-P ) there is an important difference between them and running: we are constantly in contact with the surface. The reason that we are able to loop a loop is because there is a reaction normal force applied by the floor/tracks/whatever on us that creates a centripetal force that forces us to continue in a circular trajectory. In contrast, while you run, you are step by step applying some amount of force on the ground to avoid falling and then slightly jumping of the ground, being gravity responsible for pulling you down again for the next step. Now, if you invert this, imagine that you are at the top of the loop (actually, anywhere in the upper half would do, I think). You might have some velocity tying you to the ground at that point but then you take a step. So, you jumped upside down. What is pulling you up now? It is possible that I'm missing something like "You are actually not jumping while running, your legs are moving but your center of gravity is at the same height". In that case, my argument is the one that is falling, not Sonic, but I doubt that's the case. Or maybe in real life we are actually jumping but Sonic has some weird technique that allows him to do this. But if that is the case, I would love to see a theory about it in footnotes... wink wink It's great to see you again Kyle, thank you for this amazing channel and all the work you've done so far!

[@florac1995]

You can find videos of people doing it. They are small loops, but still loops

[@ricardopereira3981]

The ones that I could find are just people doing a backflip with extra steps (pun intended). Their center of mass stays practically at the same height while they have their feet on the upper half of the loop. They can kinda do it just because they move their feet fast enough to "run" the loop while their center of mass is at it's highest point and gently enough to not push them downward. If they were actually running, I still think it would be impossible.

[@StevenStarkem]

2 week hiatus with no explanation, that I saw or heard! Don't ever do that again! I can't live without your videos Kyle!

[@venomulimited]

Hey Kyle awesome vid. I wanna kno what effects would sonic have on the objects around him going at max speed.

[@ericlanglois9194]

Kyle: "Why was there a bunny in the robot bee?" Me: "Because Science"

[@mmetcalf]

Love the channel as always. Couple questions to consider: How fast are his feet moving? Twice the speed of himself? How many steps is he taking per second? (6 foot human = 2.5 foot stride. 2.5 foot creature = 1.25 foot stride. -1700 m/s = ~5600 ft/s That’s nearly 4500 steps per second, just roughly off the napkin. Not challenging him on the FitBit.) What amount of force is being applied to his feet to accelerate to those speeds? What about friction and how much that will slow him down after entering the loop at any given speed? Also, what about his inability and/or ability to continue to apply force to himself as he climbs the entry? No time to super nerd this all of them up.

[@obiwankenobi1608]

Oh lets see well for the loop take the force required to move something that is roughly 3m in size and weighs about 30 lbs. For the friction? Well I don't know the exact speed reduction. His inability to add speed while he's going up the loop? Have you ever played a Sonic game and tried to go on a loop?

[@anuadhs]

Hey Kyle. Love the show. There seems to be a math error at 6:12 where the Vtot should not be raised to the power 2 when the right hand side has a square root over it. Keep it up :)

[@meganofsherwood3665]

Hey, Kyle! Glad you're back - I was getting worried when there was no Footnotes. Everything okay?

[@cainrip89]

refreshed the instant it came up nicu first for once in my life =,/

[@randomguy-jd8su]

Oof

[@theawezome6699]

Kyle, why not use time dilation to determine the speed of Sonic during the bullet time sections in the Sonic movie?

[@PalkeAAPL]

That's the first thing that I thought of when I saw the episode about sonic speed.

[@thew2842]

Someone already did that and they calculated that in that scene alone he ran about 667,000,000 mph.

[@yepyep86]

The speed of light is 670,616,629 mph he was almost going light speed

[@ericorange2654]

Hey Kyle( love the show) could you give us a better explanation of fictitious forces and frames of reference in your next live show. Thanks

[@ericobrien702]

Not really a comment about this show, but it always amazes me how you right all the equations backwards and right to left... I'd ad pretty well too... Was it hard to get used to? Regarless, keep up the good work Kyle! Love the show!

[@BaronVonP00]

By Odin's beard, Thor lives!

[@brandonfolz9205]

"If we do some gyMATHtics... *nerdy chuckle*" Best joke of the whole show. You can go home now. Also obligatory love the show :)

[@rickyuzumaki695]

Brandon Folz Agreed

[@maartendj2724]

A loop reaching into space could be a really cool level, even if the loop takes minutes to complete you could just fill it with interesting stuff while the background gradually gets darker and satellites start to fly by

[@Himmelsfeger]

Greetings Kyle, adore the content. The question in my mind now is if we could make the loop even bigger when we figure in air resistance. Setting Sonics power output/acceleration fixed and then approximating his air resistance/drag at the start, we could lover the drag going up. Now with the fixed acceleration and skrinking drag he would go faster going up. We would assume the the friction stays the same and he can hold his power.

[@joshuab4586]

I don’t get why Knuckles isn’t the smartest character in the show, he has the most heads

[@joshuaosei5628]

4....

[@kenwalkensdeadchannelcanal2886]

@@joshuaosei5628 ah yes, and it's disgusting too!

[@JotaroKujo-gw6ng]

Joshua B OH NO

[@sanbi221]

Sometimes four heads isn’t better than one.

[@rickyuzumaki695]

Joshua B ... Huh?

[@danielbeshers1689]

HKLTS. When you're dealing with distances that go to space, you shouldn't treat g as a constant. Using the comparatively straightforward g=GM/r2, we can see that on Earth's surface (r= the 6,378.1 km from Earth's center) gravity exerts 341.923 Newtons on Sonic, but at an extra 120 km above the earth's surface that value drops to 330.375 Newtons. That's a decrease of 3.37%. Factor that in, and that means Sonic can get to 124.195km. Of course, that distance does decrease gravity's effects even further, by a little over 1 Newton. To actually draw up the most correct answer requires using calculus to find the limit, but at that point we should also be looking at what Sonic gains be running through thinner and thinner atmosphere and also the potential issues presented by not being able to breathe for a significant percentage of his trip, so I think I'm going to finish making lunch instead.

[@fluiddityy7398]

Even faster than that. Video game sonic shows FTL speeds. He’s outran a black hole while in space. This is a massively faster than light feat. Not only that in the comics he can move casually at 13 trillionths of a millisecond. Base form. He’s also traveled BACKWARDS IN TIME as a result of his speed. This is an immeasurable speed feat. Aka infinite speed. Since we know Speed= distance/time. Him traveling backwards in time as a result of speed would be immeasurable since you can not measure the time

[@charmanderjones5585]

Gym-math-sitcs. Kyle, you're becoming Carl Azuz! Love the channel love the hair.

[@jensk9417]

Hey Kyle, greetings from Germany. If Sonic had enough speed to run into space, you wouldn't be able to apply earths acceleration any more which would further increase the radius, if I'm not missing anything Love the show, keep up with the cool content

[@greenknight9000]

I would absolutely love a Part 2 where you try and see just what *_SUPER SONIC_* could do That would be REALLY entertaining!

[@mikeshaver-miller745]

“Let’s face it, nobody wants to watch someone run in a loop for 3 1/2 minutes...” Tony Hawk Fans: REEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEE -

[@theyuziverse]

I would threaten to fight you over the knuckles comment were it not for the fact that you are smarter and likely work out. Love you. Good work!

[@stravd]

yeah..a cool fast episode, loved it. BTW Damien Walters did the loop on his foot collaborating with Red Bull.

[@Tr4sh13]

9:07 does this take into account the fact that gravitational acceleration would be smaller due to the distance from the surface of the Earth?

[@peterpryce7827]

Nah, wouldn't make a difference, the ISS moving around the earth experiences roughly 90% of the gravitional acceleration as compared to the surface of the earth and that's 400Km away, so yeah.

[@popuptoaster]

@@peterpryce7827 He might be able to pick up speed due to less dense air though, depends if his maximum speed is limited by how fast he can move his legs,, his energy potential or his danger of melting.

[@thomasgauthier5691]

I did the math... G is 4.35% less at the top of a 150km loop as for the top of a 6m loop (since Gtop = (Rbot / Rtop)^2 * Gbot = (6406 / 6550)^2 * Gbot = ~95.65% Gbot)

[@magvargas2658]

When Kyle says "centrifugal force" I'm always remembering my physics teacher telling the class several times that there's only the centripetal force (because the centrifugal force is a pseudo force as it's only a thing we experience due to Newton's third law). Now I can't even hear the words "centrifugal force" without having shivers down my spine and my teacher's voice in my head. Anyways, I loved the show! (P.S I use they/them pronouns...)

[@kindlin]

From the perspective a stationary frame of reference (the loop), the centripetal force is what the loop feels from sonic flying through it and being accelerated radially. The centrifugal force is the pseudo force sonic feels in his moving frame of reference, equal and opposite to the centripetal force, Newton's third law; they are just 2 sides of the same coin.

[@dane1382]

why was that necessary to include?

[@raidtard]

@@dane1382 it's like the vegan problem, he can't walk into a room without shouting it what he uses for pronouns

[@jonc5467]

Welcome Back, Kyle, missed your show. Just a quick googling* got me this equation Radial Acceleration = v^2 / r with that product (in m/s^2) divided by 9.8m/s^2 to get G's. So at the bottom of the initial loop you described Sonic would pull about 2.4489 G's with the top producing a measly 0.4959 Gs. For comparison, roller-coaster loops usually pull around 6 G's. Funnily enough, at all the speeds and heights you list, 2.5G seems to be, not quite a constant, but a good touchstone, as the Gforces only seem to *very* slightly increase as the speed/height factors go up. It was almost as if it were designed to be perfectly run by actual athletes or performers (think the ball cages with motorcycles inside them). I wonder if there was any research done by the Sonic team on this during their initial designs? Anyway, Love the show and thanks for brightening the work week, 13mins at a time.

[@williamryder1169]

Hey Kyle, Love the show I was just wondering if you took into account the changing value of gravitational acceleration as sonic approached and traveled past the Kármán line in your calculations of max loopty loops. At an elevation of 100km gravitational acceleration is reduced by approximately 3% when compared to gravitational acceleration at sea level. If you did not account for this then I would imagine the maximum size of the mega structure for loopty loops would be considerably larger than what you claimed in the video.

[@SammyEdgeINC]

"Nah, I'm Eggman" -Void Thor

[@skyguy4164]

You are really good at writing backwards. Just thought id say it.

[@MaverickMyth]

He writes the right way around, and then they flip the video. Kyle isn't actually left handed.

[@brandonflores4279]

Hey Kyle, I got home from a physics exam not three hours ago, and literally had this exact same loop question (finding minimum speed to stay on the top) you just did come up on it, but with a pilot in a plane instead of sonic on a loop. There weren't any little animals though. :( Good to know I got that question right, thanks for checking my work. Now I'm feeling watched. I'm onto you, Kyle Hevill.

[@tayvieonpurplelightning3678]

10/10 Amazing video

[@yannicdey1522]

5:53 so you are saying Usain Bolt could run a 6 meter Loop XD

[@hersheyl9069]

Yes

[@nubreed13]

Guys on bmx and skateboards can ride through loops. Tony hawk has done it several times.

[@yannicdey1522]

@@nubreed13 but on a fucking 6 Meter loop as well ?

[@ssgp7297]

He may destroy his knees and ankle doing that

[@vilkillian]

6:15 its velocity, not velocity squared

[@brianperez5757]

Just started watching because science and I love it! Awesome show man!

[@bazooka6602]

Most people wouldn't like the fact that he doesn't edit out his laughs but to me it makes the video feel real and makes him feel like a real down to earth person

[@kilcal]

F