Which building materials are the BEST!? An Oxygen Not Included Science Experiment

[@Doomquill]

The reason the insulation pipes and tiles are changing temperature is that the game averages the thermal conductivity of the two materials involved for normal pipes/tiles. Insulation technically has a 0.0001 thermal conductivity (so as to avoid divide by zero problems), so average that with anything and there will be (very slow) transfer. Insulated pipes/tiles just use the lowest conductivity value (this is why they're good) so insulated pipes/tiles built from insulation will essentially never transfer heat.

[@prophetherbandderp2733]

yep, this comments needs to be on top imho ^

[@haroldsaxon1075]

I thought insulated pipes and tiles devide the averaged conductivity by 100, rather than just using the lower value?

[@eden9544]

ONI just added that to the compendium in game - what you said daniel :)

[@ashenlion805]

The reason why the aluminum radiant pipe wasn't red at the end is because it has a really high conductivity so it transferred most of the heat out before it got to the end. That's why you had a dark red spot at the start. It was also present in the radiant gas as well. Not sure why the aluminum metal tile didn't work the same as it also has a very high conductivity. Great video though, really good experiment.

[@Magnet_MD]

Makes sense!

[@homebro18]

For the tiles the time was to short. Aluminum has the best early/mid game thermal conductivity (only beaten by thermium (late game)). It also has the highest shc of all the metals. So it takes more energy to heat up but the heat transfer is very fast.

[@heyhoe168]

@@homebro18 yeah. Aluminum volcano scares me.

[@curtiss5781]

Also, at 43 minutes, I think its because heat rises. If you dump a blob of heat into a big room with oxygen, you'll see the heat bubble rise as it settles, just like in real life. Francis recently discovered this in one of his recent videos

[@Noahisnothere_]

always cool to have more youtubers playing ONI, even better if they're tutorials cuz i suck at the game

[@miketheant1107]

Yeah, it's an awesome game, but has a really small target audience (don't know if that's the correct term...) because of it's complexity... It's just a lot to learn, and most yt channels won't get too much views, as ONI isn't really a game that's fun to watch someone play...

[@erikgagelmann5323]

The different equilibriums of the gaspipe testing is caused by the heat capacity of the materials and the low sum of energy in the system. One material needs more energy to reach the "stuck" temperature; from the I initial given energy by the gas. One room has therefore a higher overall heat capacity; same energy different temperatures!

[@Magnet_MD]

Yeah, I realized that as I was watching this back, that totally makes sense :D

[@job8]

I respect the effort put into the video. Although I think it's kinda difficult to use it as a viewer for reference, because there's no static visual clue about the materials, we have to wait for you to highlight a certain material over 43 minutes, and you jump from one another quickly.

[@XxBurner83xX]

So happy I found this channel. I've been struggling in the mid/late game for years due to the complexity of managing heat/liquids/metals/oils etc. These tutorials break it down the "how-to" quickly and efficiently. Thanks so much!

[@Magnet_MD]

You're welcome, glad you found your way over!

[@LucyTheBox]

In real life, heat rises, from what we saw at around 43:00 it looks like the game also has this machanic in place for some reason (even though hot materials don't expand in the game)

[@jeffmann7604]

Just finished all your tutorials, and starting your walkthrough. Looking forward to more, especially in depth ranching!

[@thealliedhacker]

For Hydrogen, the thing that means "it has a lot of energy" is the Specific Heat Capacity. You can think of SHC as meaning "how much energy does 1 degree represent". Hydrogen has high SHC, meaning that it takes longer to get the hydrogen itself heated/cooled (since it takes more energy), but when it's very hot/cold and starts transferring heat with other things, it can do it for a long time, because it's holding a lot of energy. SHC = takes longer to change and heats/cools things for longer. The different tile types and the behavior you're seeing with the Insulation material, that seems to be because of how the game handles Thermal Conductivity (according to the wiki)... between normal tiles it will use the geometric mean between the two tiles (sqrt(TC1*TC2)), but for insulated tiles it only uses the lowest TC. This means the numbers from my previous comment were for normal tiles, not insulated; just remove the sqrt in the denominator, because the TC for polluted ice was already 1.000. The different equilibrium temperatures of the different experiments might be due to the different SHC of the materials, since each initial configuration at the same temperature represented a different amount of energy to be transferred into the oxygen. Seeing the heat at the top at the end might just be due to heat rising. I'm not sure whether the game actually calculates it, but in real life the colder oxygen would be denser and settle to the bottom.

[@Magnet_MD]

Hey! There you are, the person that inspired this whole video, hahaha. I think the same element moving to the top/bottom based on temperature is an interesting theory, but I would figure the bottom tiles would be getting heated up much more than the top ones due to the volume of petroleum in those areas. I'll need to test to see if the separation based on temperature is a thing, but I kinda think I caught a case where heat transfer wasn't happening correctly. At minimum, all of the tiles touching the petroleum should be similar temperatures, but they weren't even close for the Sedimentary Rock and Obsidian Insulated Tiles.

[@yu_nuen9]

Thank you for this! I was having a hard time with figuring out what to use because all of the information I found online was mostly text-based and explaining the math. I'm so much more of a visual person and this was super helpful!

[@smaurine]

Great video! Feedback: Slow down on the heat map and name the material of each one, allowing us to come to our own conclusion and see how you reached yours. You go so fast I feel like I need to go do this on my own to fully grasp the data.

[@Magnet_MD]

Good feedback! Sorry, I'm trying to balance my videos between being as informative as possible, but also reasonably short. I'm also learning some of the nitty-gritty for the first time as well, so part of this was just my initial reactions. I'll try to do a better job of this in the future.

[@only1thatmakessense]

I used granite pipes to cool the base and the dupes were complaining it was too cold!

[@martinbennett9908]

There is a pause button.

[@nolan4339]

I remember hearing that the physics for changing the temperature of insulated tiles is different for gasses than liquids. Because of this difference, I think that gasses can potentially transfer heat into insulated tiles (and abysalite) faster than liquids. So if you replaced that hot petroleum with a hot gas of the same mass, I think the temperature change would occur more quickly. As another note, a thermal shift plate placed next to an insulated tile will quickly dump heat into the insulated tile.

[@sanecrimson3784]

With the insulation pipes I've seen people on the klei forums heat up normal pipes made of insulation to create molten tungsten because it turns out the insulation tag is what makes insulated pipes prevent heat transfer and I think it also has to do with the pipe exchanging their temperature to the liquid rather than the outside environment.

[@Magnet_MD]

Yeah, which liquid is used is definitely another factor. Maybe I'll have to repeat this with different liquids and gasses to see what the performance is for each of them.

[@saeklin]

I remember having a lot of difficulty with piping steam to rocket fuel tanks because it was changing to liquid inside the pipes which damaged them. I think I had no choice but to use ceramic and even that was cooling the steam inside too much, so I had to move the whole steam generation system closer to the rockets. I guess the trick is to heat the steam up really hot so it doesn't cool down enough to change phase in the pipes. Not gonna lie, I kinda miss the old days of ONI where fluids going through pipes could change phase and simply pop out the other end no harm done lol

[@Nevarek_]

Welp, time to replace my insulated tiles to get back my igneous rock back.

[@-phenring-]

specific heat is the amount of energy it takes for something to change in temp. the higher the number, the more thermal energy you need to heat it, which can make it a better insulator, however that means it can raise the temperatures of things with low specific heat it will heat a lot of it before reaching temp equilibrium.

[@MyNarsa]

When transfering heat the game only uses the pipe/tile conductivity if its an insulated version, if its a regular version it uses an average of the 2 (I think for radiant it uses an average to, but not sure)

[@Magnet_MD]

Oh pfft, that's confusing then. It makes sense but I wish the information displayed would reflect that.

[@MrAllrounded]

@@Magnet_MD I can confirm this. Its 100% true, that's why ceramic insulated pipes > normal insulation pipes when transferring liquid hydrogen. u can't skim off those materials. Edit: also, there's a 1 at the end of all the 0s for TC, but isn't displayed. Edit: Will do a test for normal insulation vs insulated ceramic for several liquids Edit: Pyrite exist. Its used in the metalrefinery. Only found on gilded asteriods

[@tristen9736]

For why the gases ended at different equilibrium temps, that is because of the specific heat capacity That is essentially the amount of energy needed per degree. So if a high capacity heat source transfers into lower capacity recipients, the temp at steady state will be higher since even though the same amount of energy was transferred, less energy is required to heat the pipes

[@curtiss5781]

FYI for the Insulated pipe, the formula is = ((conductivity of hotter thing + conductivity of colder thing) / 2) * (Temp of hotter thing - Temp of colder thing) * deltaTime * 50 This would mean that even the 0 conductivity of the insulated pipe gets averaged out with the thermal conductivity of the Oxygen: ((conductivity of hotter thing + conductivity of colder thing) / 2) So it still transfers heat

[@LucyTheBox]

The problem with seeing how much heat is transferred with radiant pipes is that, if the thermal conductivity is very high, the gas within the pipe will very quickly reach room temprature. It will heat up the first few tiles very quickly, but won't heat the later tiles until you let it circulate some more

[@Mandersen700]

I was told the game takes an average of the thermal conductivity from the touching materials. Even though isolation is 0 but what it's touching isn't. There are also hidden modifiers in play like direction.

[@haroldsaxon1075]

Insulation actually has a conductivity of 1.0e-5, which is 0.00001, so pushing that number further down still holds meaning in the math of heat transfer.

[@Spamhard]

Super helpful video, as always! Just stepping into mid game and I'm always worrying that the materials I'm using just won't be good enough, especially now that I've started dabbling with with radiant pipes to heat my ice slush while at the same time cooling my hot water, and pushing the equilizer's hot oxygen briefly through a cold biome just to bring it down to 20-30s. It's nice to see that good ol' faithful igneous rock is a totally acceptable solution as a cheap building material for much of these.

[@Magnet_MD]

Yep, moving through the cold biome is definitely a super cheap way to cool that down! I should probably start making build inspiration videos, just to spread the good ideas around and hopefully help people that are struggling.

[@Spamhard]

@@Magnet_MD Ya, I had a small one pretty close to base so I built my SPOM right next to there. Was really surprised how only about 3 or 4 tiles worth of radiant were need to get it down from about 50c to 20ish. The heat change is insane. A build inspiration video would be great! Especially with earlier/mid game stuff kept in mind. A lotta videos I see online show people set ups with ideas for builds, but they almost always rely on using materials much harder to get. There's definitely a bit of a struggle to get over that middle hurdle and into oil/plastic.

[@Magnet_MD]

@@Spamhard Yeah, I always considered getting oil/plastic being the true entry point for the mid-game (and the 4th power source). You can skip it and move straight into space, but it's definitely a more difficult transition without transit tubes.

[@Spamhard]

@@Magnet_MD For sure, there's so much it opens up with steel and plastic and stuff, it's just that step into getting started.

[@Nimrey]

As a brand new player these videos you are a life saver, just been binged watching all of your videos and they have helped me a bunch.

[@brianlassey1953]

Great detail! However, the oxygen in your base isn't static - it's moving and you have to see how the materials perform with flow on both mediums. The specific heat capacity and thermal conductivity can both have an effect in the initial stage while the pipes/tile are still changing temperature. The true measure of heat transfer performance would be with flow across the pipe or tile AFTER the pipe/tile has stabilized it's temperature.

[@Magnet_MD]

Yeah, there are a lot of other conditions that might be interesting to test. The chief thing I wanted to know was what should I be generally building different pipes/tiles out of. I may come back and do some more advanced testing like this, but I often pay attention to the very macro-level view of a lot of stuff like this, give loose suggestions and that's about it, haha.

[@CarlosEstebanLopezJaramillo]

I would think the reason the top tiles heated up faster than the bottom ones could be because of the order in which heat exchange is calculated, it probably goes top left to bottom right, just like the gas that sorts themselves by density, where instead of a flat line you get a slightly slanted one, game logic, since we can't game in quantum computers to simulate phisics in real time...

[@theewbc]

yay new years haha Look at my i'm watching your videos to bring the new year in! thanks for the generous knowledge

[@steeneugenpoulsen8174]

You can use wolfremite and the refined wolfremite (tungsten) for pipes, the annoying part is that gas radiant use one type and liquid radiant use the other, so I can never remember what is using wolf and what is using refined. Wolfremite/Refined is the best to use for radiant pipes and has been so for as long as the game has been around.

[@Magnet_MD]

Liquid radiant pipes will always use refined metal, so that would be Tungsten :)

[@ScrewyGirl]

Just my input on the matter. The conductivity is a lot different than the capacity. I take the capacity to mean how much heat it can take into itself but not transfer around it. The transfer is the conductivity. That, I think, is why the temperature of the material will change, even if conductivity is zero. It just won't transfer it to the surrounding material. Scientifically, that heat has to go somewhere, right? I don't fully know the programming mechanics, but that is just my take on it. Edit: And I should really watch the video all the way through before commenting on it. LOL.

[@Magnet_MD]

Hahaha, yeah, that's about how I understand it as well. A lot of people have explained the math to me a bunch of times, but I just don't absorb the information that way, and I'd rather do tests in realistic scenarios to know what's the most optimal based on what's available and based on what kind of thing I need to do.

[@ScrewyGirl]

@@Magnet_MD Same here. I need to personally witness it to absorb it fully.

[@jaysoncadano]

Happy new year, man! Less than 10 minutes in 2021, welcomed it with more ONI. Also, can you guys help with the progression for power? what's the best or most common upgrade after coal?

[@Magnet_MD]

I'd say your next best option is natural gas, but you will need steel to be able to harvest it effectively! I do have a power tutorial video if you wanna check that out :)

[@LucyTheBox]

If you have a natural gas vent nearby, I definitely recommend using that. It's one of the easier geysers to set up. You don't really have to heat or cool what comes out of it and you only need to spend 50 steel on the gas pump. A steam vent (not to be confused with a cold steam vent) is also one that's pretty easy to set up, but the main problem is that you'll need quite a bit of plastic.

[@dougingraham5807]

Depends on what you have and your goals. In one play through I wanted to get the achievement where you can only use the hamster wheel, hydrogen, and solar. Called super sustainable. In that play through I went straight from hamster wheel to solar and later added hydrogen when I managed to get far enough to tame the 500 degree hydrogen vets. The progression depends on what you have. You could play a whole game with just hamster wheels if you took on dups just to generate power.

[@GigsTaggart]

@@Magnet_MD gold amalgam pumps work with nat gas vents if you make the room big enough and don't insulate the airlock. a little heat leaks but its very workable for midgame before steel is easy

[@eden9544]

i tested it - tungsten is available in the DLC non sandbox mode for pipes. and it behaves the same way in game as it did in your video

[@tyraelpl]

Hello and thank you and happy new year. My suggestion is for you to use centigrade cos almost all of ONI community uses that.

[@Magnet_MD]

@Ceponatia Hahahaha. I will! It'll happen soon ;)

[@AnonyMous-gt8vq]

Hello, i think with the metal tiles and for pipes where you want to transfer heat you should have tested with liquid to liquid transfer. The reason why is specific heat capacity of the tiles, which are much heavier than the gas. In a real game scenareo you will have a much higher ammount of gas and heat capacity of the tile or pipe wont play such a role. Maybe an idea for future video.

[@Magnet_MD]

Yeah, there are a lot of other things I'd want to test, but this was mainly testing things around "how to keep your base temperatures under control".

[@ozspoz1317]

Thanks for the video, would really have liked to see the material temps the same initially to remove thermal capacity of material, also real game example to verify findings (maybe as part 2) wanting to cool a 35 degree C base to below 25 degrees C with fluid consistently at 20 degrees C with both how long it takes to cool plus have a minor heating source in the base such as generator/batteries?

[@Magnet_MD]

Yeah, all of them spawned at 68 degrees as far as I could tell. I don't think there's a way for me to control what temperature those things spawned at, but this was also a pretty quick and dirty video idea. I'll definitely do some kind of follow-ups to this because a lot of people are really interested in it. I think a bunch of other practical examples ought to at least help guide people toward more reasonable cooling/temp management solutions for their own bases.

[@ScrewyGirl]

I made this a separate comment for this. You have brilliantly demonstrated the uses for materials when trying to isolate heat. Is it the same for the cold? My biggest problem when I play the game is not the heat... but the cold biomes invading my base. What are the best materials for protection against the cold?

[@Magnet_MD]

I'm pretty sure the same tiles do the same things for heat and cold. I think you can think about it as "what prevents/allows temperature transfer the best". When I'm digging into an ice biome, I'll usually layer two doors (maybe 6-iish tiles apart) going into the biome, so that it helps avoid heat transfer, but since the doors will be open when dupes pass through, and since the doors are very poor insulators, some of that temperature will leak over time. You can also use liquid locks if you want to get the least amount of temperature transfer, but it kinda sucks since your dupes walk through the liquid and get the de-buffs for doing so.

[@ScrewyGirl]

@@Magnet_MD Yeah, the liquid locks tend to drop my dupes' morale... *grumbles* New problem, now... I am finding that I need to be more discerning when digging near open space. Dupes use that ice cold dirt to farm, and it brings the temp down, making it impossible to grow mealwood. Really? Ice cold dirt? Curse you, Klei!

[@Magnet_MD]

@@ScrewyGirl Hahaha, you could always submerge that into some water to get the cooling effects that you might want there. Are you playing on the DLC?

[@ScrewyGirl]

@@Magnet_MD Yep, playing the DLC. I run out of resources so much quicker in the DLC because the maps are smaller. Just two days ago, tragedy struck my Transdimensional Colony... dirt was too cold, so no food grew... ran out of algae... and ran out of coal. I should have watched the levels a bit closer. Hmm... use freezing cold dirt to cool stuff, and put a door on it so they can't grab it for farming... because they will. Excellent suggestion.

[@dougingraham5807]

If you are wanting to insulate something make it using the insulated version of tile, or pipe. The heat transfer calculation uses only the thermal conductivity of the insulating material, not the average of the two that are in contact. The following order is from best to less best. Make sure the material can withstand the temperature. Insulation Ceramic Mafic Obsidian, Igneous, Fossil (you should never waste Fossil this way), Sedimentary, Sandstone Granite Igneous looked better in your test because it takes 5 times longer to change temp than Obsidian but the thermal conductivity is the same so long term it will be the same. Obsidian (or ceramic) must be used to insulate magma. I like to do a double layer with Obsidian next to the magma and then an outer layer of insulated granite for decor. If you end up with a lot of clay then make ceramic. It has the same decor bonus as granite. Granite is the worst of the things the game will let you make insulated things out of but it is not that bad. For a lot of these things you will never notice any difference. It becomes important when you are trying to do things like make liquid oxygen and hydrogen. It is difficult to make liquid hydrogen without the space materials super coolant and insulation or use some of the game exploits (some call them tricks). Pyrite is a space material that can be brought back from deep space. It melts into liquid iron although there might be some impurities left behind as well. I didn't look that close the one time I brought it back. I've not seen mercury in the regular game although it is probably also found in deep space. This is a fantastic game and I hope you all enjoy it as much as I have.

[@yeet8490]

Freedom units… for when you need a vague idea of something

[@randyb4191]

Heat transfer = the materials mass times the materials specific heat capacity times the difference in temperature. I think thermal conductivity is just a proportion of specific heat capacity and mass

[@chetranqui]

Looks like igneous is the big winner overall. Gotta admit, I'm kinda disappointed by the radiant pipe results. I really expected the metal to make a difference!

[@Magnet_MD]

I am going to run more experiments along this same line, but testing how gasses and liquids react inside certain pipes. The cases I can think of immediately are using radiant plumbing pipes to cool a room full of gas, and using radiant ventilation pipes to cool recently-produced oxygen by snaking them through a pool of polluted water. I'm curious what the performance differences actually are.

[@nemtudom5074]

12:40 That is incorrect. If you install the truthful thermal conductivity mod you'll see that insulation does conduct heat, just very, very tiny amounts of it. The only thing that has an actual TC of 0, is neutronium.

[@gamingfrompixelone3070]

reason to use obsidian insulation magma cant melt it and cheeper then ceramic

[@Doomquill]

Four minutes in and the fahrenheit is breaking my brain. Which is funny, because I grew up using fahrenheit, but in ONI it's like they're mystery numbers to me.

[@Magnet_MD]

lololol

[@FaithOriginalisme]

Tungsten is definitely available in the regular game to build pipes out of, just checked to make sure. It's more likely that you don't have a lot of wolframite, and therefore not a lot of tungsten until later in the game and you forget it exists.

[@EbonyGerm]

without the dlc, you can find wolframite in the frozen biome - I'm sure you're aware of this. with Spaced Out! you can find it as early as the marshy asteroid, the one with mud and cobalt, but given that our maps are much smaller in the dlc, there isn't very much wolframite to be found I know one of Francis John's videos, I think it's the top 5 most ridiculous builds, he showcases an elaborate machine someone made to make tungsten (by melting insulation? iirc)

[@FaithOriginalisme]

Yup! I'm aware, but granite is way more abundant in the frozen biomes I've encountered. I just recently made a few temp shift plates out of wolframite before I got into the oil biome as a stop gap for some heat problems. But, Magnet kept repeating that it's not available, so I'm guessing he overlooked it for the reasons I listed, and I wanted to make sure he knows that it's there.

[@FaithOriginalisme]

Also, LOVED this experiment, was really cool to see

[@Magnet_MD]

@@FaithOriginalisme Really!? And we're talking about the normal and insulated pipes? I can't believe I've never noticed it before, my mind is blown. I must be on ultra auto-pilot when selecting materials in my runs.

[@FaithOriginalisme]

@@Magnet_MD Really. I went and launched the game to make sure I wasn't mis-remembering.

[@energizer2231]

i started a new game recently and i have wolframite it turns into sand and tungsten when crushed i have yet to find where i got the wolframite, but i thought to let you know its in the game! and it helps to know not to make tiles out of it.

[@energizer2231]

i found where i got some they just spawn inside the ice biome now

[@Magnet_MD]

@@energizer2231 Yep! They spawn in there, I just never knew you could make normal tiles out of it (and I'm not sure why anybody would, haha).

[@steeneugenpoulsen8174]

NEVER test on debug speed, it kills part of the simulation in order to archive it, you basically turned off part of the heat transfer mechanics by going super speed.

[@Magnet_MD]

Ohhh, that's odd. OK then, I may need to re-do this video to get more accurate results, but I'll need to leave it sitting for a long time.

[@Nygaard2]

LOL - trying to do science in with Imperial measures! Good thing you don’t have to change between fluids, solids, weights and volumes in this game, would be very hard... 😜

[@ryuu_igarashi4669]

Happy new year. Love the video as always. Few nitpicky things/idees... 1 cycle=600s/10min A plus configuration with multiple tiles to each side and insulasion tiles every other tile on the outsite can give a range of temp changes to difrent materials over time. One problem with this test is that you are not really testing heat transfer to difrent meterials. Just too o2. I.e. will be difrent to hidrogen and chlorine. Also some meterials have a higher heat capasity so they take more heat to heat up before it effectively starts transfering heat to the o2. (So difrent materials have difrent uses. If you want instant trancefer lower heat capasity is beter but less stable and faster acting. Higher heat capasity is more stable but takes longer to heat/cool at the start.) Future totorial might be a test to show some traps players can fall into while bilding: 1. Building a temp shift plate next to a insulated tile actually cools/heat the insulated tile and thus can interfere with cooling of a room. 2: building a raidiant pipe inside a insulated tile actually transferes heat between the 2(heating/cooling the medium in the pipe and the tile) but a normal pipe does not do this. This can be tested with a cheker patern and vacume in between. 3. Double insulated tiles next to each other is one of the best insulated plays as there is almost 0% heat transfer between the 2 even between the 2 lowest insulated rated materials. Its almost as efective as a vacuum. The idee of insulated tiles is just a batrier between 2 materials. But if you heat up a insulated tile then it will heat material( see trap 1) on the outside. So insulation should be seen as a barier rather than a tile between 2 materials.

[@Magnet_MD]

These are awesome tips, thank you for the info! I'll certainly mix some of these tips in with other things I do, and if I produce an advanced temperature control video, I'll be sure to implement the things you mentioned here :D

[@spacehedgehog1018]

woah first comment loved the video I will def use this in my builds. Thanks for all the videos they helped me out so much when I started out.

[@Magnet_MD]

You're welcome, good to hear!

[@beastmodedaboss4947]

nice video!

[@Overdosed49]

You should of used the dlc so you would have cobalt as the 10th metal.

[@Magnet_MD]

I was considering it, but there will for sure be new materials in the DLC, and their properties are likely to change. Still, as a metal, the conclusions are pretty much the same - use whatever metal you have available and they'll all perform very similarly.

[@Overdosed49]

@@Magnet_MD I reallyappreciate you doing these tests it answered so many questions. You're right though I looked at cobalt and it isn't really much different than other metals.

[@prophetherbandderp2733]

gotta admit seeing video dealing with temperatures and using Fahrenheit is funny.

[@Magnet_MD]

Gotta overcome ALL challenges, rite?

[@prophetherbandderp2733]

@@Magnet_MD be a man of culture, go Kelvin only.

[@lonelyPorterCH]

No idea if 500F is much but otherwise cool video^^

[@Archeious]

I am so disappointed!!!1!!one!! What kind of internet commentator is willing to have their opinion change. :D Thanks for the videos.

[@2nadav]

freedom unites 🤣

[@heyhoe168]

Aluminum should transfer heat fast, but it is had quite high heat capacity so in a short example it seems slowest.