Who Has The Best Quantum Computer?

This is a summary of all the main companies building quantum computers today, and what their most powerful machines are. You can get the digital image here: www.flickr.com/photos/9586967... But we can’t simply look at qubits counts because so many other factors go into the quality of a quantum computer, so here I look at the quantum volume metric which is a much better way of comparing machines. And we look at what steps these companies need to take to achieve large scale useful general purpose quantum computers, and the timelines the companies have set out to achieve these.
#quantumcomputing #domainofscience
-- Get My Posters Here ---
DFTBA Store: store.dftba.com/collections/d...
RedBubble Store: www.redbubble.com/people/Domi...
I have also made posters available for personal or educational use which you can find here: www.flickr.com/photos/9586967...
- Some Awesome People --
And many thanks to my $10 supporters and above on Patreon, you are awesome!
Join the gang and help support me produce free and high quality science content:
/ domainofscience
Raj Duphare
Ben
Derp
Eric Epstein
Gordon D Collins
Jason Evans
Kamil Qbitskey
Mirik Gogri
noggieB
Petr Murmak
Prabhakar R
Reggie Fourmyle
Sandy Toye
Sebastian
Terrence Masson
Theodore Chu
Guillaume Dorschner
Joshua Rauß
-- Special thanks --
Special thanks for giving their time to help me with the script to:
Michał Stęchły
Nicholas Bronn
-- My Science Books ---
I also write science books for kids called Professor Astro Cat. You can see them all here:
store.dftba.com/collections/d...
profastrocat.com
-- Follow me around the internet --
dominicwalliman.com
/ dominicwalliman
/ dominicwalliman
-- Credits --
Writer, art, animation and edited by Dominic Walliman
I use Adobe Illustrator and After Effects for the graphics (for the many people who ask :)
-- References ---
[1] First quantum computer
journals.aps.org/prl/abstract...
[2] IBM Roadmap
research.ibm.com/blog/quantum...
[3] Google Roadmap
blog.google/technology/ai/unv...
[4] D-Wave Roadmap
www.dwavesys.com/media/xvjpra...
[5] Intel quantum computing
www.intel.com/content/www/us/...
[6] Rigetti
www.rigetti.com/
quantumcomputingreport.com/ri...
[7] PsiQuantum hundreds of logical qubits
psiquantum.com/resources
www.nextbigfuture.com/2020/04...
[8] ColdQuanta future prediction
coldquanta.com/quantum-computing
[9] CLOPS definition from IBM
arxiv.org/abs/2110.14108
[10] UST of China’s quantum computers
www.scientificamerican.com/ar...
[11] Alibaba and Baidu
www.scmp.com/abacus/tech/arti...
[12] Xanadu
spectrum.ieee.org/race-to-hun...
[13] PsiQuantum a million qubits by 2025
www.nextbigfuture.com/2020/04...
[14] Xanadu number of qubits (40)
www.wsj.com/articles/xanadu-l...
[15] ColdQuanta number of qubits (100)
thequantuminsider.com/2021/07...
[16] Atom computing number of qubits (100)
www.forbes.com/sites/moorinsi....
[17] IonQ roadmap
ionq.com/posts/december-09-20...
[18] Pasqal roadmap and merger with Qu&Co
pasqal.io/2022/01/11/quantum-...
[19] QuEra roadmap
www.quera.com/
[20] Silcon quantum computing roadmap
sqc.com.au/
-- Chapters --
00:00 Company Qubit Counts Summary
02:00 Quantum Volume and Factors Beyond Qubit Counts
05:34 The Best Quantum Computer Right Now
06:05 How To Build a General Purpose Quantum Computer
07:46 Predictions for the Rest of the Decade

[@kintrbr]

this would be a great yearly series.

[@ivoryas1696]

セルム Eh, yo. _Pin_ this.

[@feynstein1004]

@@ivoryas1696 Agreed

[@muppidikishanrao362]

@@ivoryas1696 uhi 0n

[@erikbudrow1255]

Agreed

[@alexalani10101]

Then it would have to happen 25 days after this comment, which would be awesome.

[@JordanTensor]

Great to see the focus on error rates and quantum volume, rather than just qubit counts! The road to full error corrected quantum computers may be long and difficult, but it should be interesting.

[@masternobody1896]

my brain is the best quantum computer cause human can make a quantum computer

[@missouripacificproductions4955]

@@masternobody1896 ..l

[@yvonbrousseau6723]

@@masternobody1896 brain best quantum computer up to now... to be continued

[@ivoryas1696]

@@masternobody1896 What do you mean?

[@zhoubaidinh403]

Gotta' lose the Nasa garb brah if you want to be objective!

[@hassan7569]

Awesome seeing Qiskit being mentioned, since that's the team I work at.

[@zachpeters4253]

I just got a job at Quantinuum, thought I would brush up on my quantum computing knowledge. This is awesome!

[@GodofStories]

Sales/Biz side?

[@zachpeters4253]

@@GodofStories No, r&d side!

[@samreciter]

Awesome - looked for such a video comparison since years now. I did some internet search myself - but it's tedious to find data and things to compare. Thanks for mentioning the upcoming metrics - that gives a pointer for future comparisons.

[@PMA_ReginaldBoscoG]

Good video and loved the part where you used the meme concept 😂

[@sivakumar-vn7ex]

Bro are you from India?

[@PMA_ReginaldBoscoG]

@@sivakumar-vn7ex are you too?😁

[@sivakumar-vn7ex]

@@PMA_ReginaldBoscoG Yes bro i am from Tamil Nadu, India

[@Stephen_Lafferty]

A fascinating review of the state-of- the-art! Thank you, and I look forward to future updates!

[@loturzelrestaurant]

Science is important to spread and i often offer Recommendations, but today i wanna do it a bit differently and try to bring-in People to watch 'some More News', a Satire-Version of corrupt and biased News-Channel. Just like Scientists bring Attention to Climate-Change and such Issues, that KZbinr bringts Attention to Homelessness and various other Issues. Unbiased and informed, his Talks about 'Obvious Solutions to Obvious Problems' are a Masterpiece.

[@blakebeaton8410]

So nice to know all this when, despite my best efforts, I have no idea how a quantum computer works... It apparently isn't possible to explain how a single calculation would work using laymen's terms. I've watched many, many videos and I still have yet to find one that helps me understand how a quantum computer works in a way that is anywhere comparable to what is out there for classical computers. DOS is no exception but the analogy of 2 waves on the ocean has been the closest one yet. What needs to be done is a forensic examination of a single calculation that explains why superposition would/could be helpful (in my humble opinion).

[@Josefinocchio]

Blake I suggest the book of Carlo Rovelli - Helgoland. In my oppion it is a good start to better understand and accept quantum mechanics.

[@blakebeaton8410]

@@Josefinocchio Wonderful, I'll put it on the list for future reading. Thank you.

[@mark9118]

Quantum computers will never replace "classical" computers for the vast majority of tasks. Quantum computing will be used (if successful) in software that does "simulations" where no precise answer is possible (nor needed), such as weather forecasting, simulating a nuclear reaction, etc. These are now done on super-computers (which area basically a huge number of smaller computers working in parallel), mainly for scientific and military applications. The reason why this is called quantum computing is because, like quantum mechanics (which deals with description of the physical properties of at the scale of atoms and subatomic particles), it deals with the PROBABILITIES of how things work, or where particles are located, and not the precise physics of Newton, Einstein, and others who did classical mechanics. So quantum mechanics does not replace classical mechanics, they just operate at different scales. classical

[@Josefinocchio]

@@mark9118 never is too long. Today quantum do not replace classical. Quantum computing is like a nuclear weapon, it is so powerful that is a national security issue and it is very restricted and regulated to they layman. It will remain like this for long time. There is nothing like quantum in classical 1-superposition 2-Entanglement 3-interference , that means quantum is exponentially paralell computing, billion , trillion times faster to whatever can be parallelized which is most of computing . If error correction solved.

[@mark9118]

@@Josefinocchio My contention is that quantum computing will not replace classical computing, for the same reason that quantum mechanics (physics) will not replace classical mechanics. They are dealing with two different things (as I explained previously quantum mechanics only deals with atomic or sub-atomic particles), so it is not just a matter of "catching up." Besides, if you present your credit card for payment, the computer transactions generated do not require (nor can they benefit from) parallel processing, since they only require a few very short transactions with limited amounts of data. As an IT application developer, I have developed both transaction systems (like credit card authorization) and also decision support/analytics systems with huge databases using parallel processing (using a lot of conventional computers linked together) and I know the difference between these types of applications and what kind of processing they require. Even within parallel processing systems, there is a difference between a simulation where one is computing probabilities (suitable for quantum computers), and where one is computing to achieve precise processing of data (not suitable for quantum computing).

[@zero.the.prototype]

I enjoyed this video. HOORAY! But seriously, thank you for helping me to escape the misery of the production factory floor for a quarter hour. It was very humanising ♡

[@foute90s]

Thanks for the video. Very insightful, specifically interesting how you explain the not yet well developed industry standards on how to compare quantum computers. I'll be much better prepared to interpret news releases on the topic now.

[@paulmendoza9736]

you are so cool! I've only watched a couple of your videos but I like how you organize and present information.

[@adrielcohen]

Amazing, I’ve try to understand better the question of R&D in QC and you showed up on YT to give me all answers to my questions, thank you so much !!

[@user-jc3yo3on2b]

Your channel is one of my favorites ❤

[@user-JahidHasanEmon]

Hello, sir.You are one of my conquest find on youtube.Hat's off to your enormous effort🖐️

[@ranchan1111]

Someone who talks about QC that actually knows what the hell he is talking about! Thank you! I'm so glad you mention that qubit count isn't super effective as a full measure. I'm a bit skeptical of quantum volume because it is built by IBM to make their superconducting play look more effective than it is. I think we need a metric which requires error correction as part of the circuit. I also think it would be nice to have a metric that looks forward at possible scalability (because most architectures have scalability roadblocks that they haven't solved). Superconducting bits tend to perform well in small scales, but they have a lower ceiling than trapped ions or neutral atoms (to my knowledge)

[@QuantumKhan]

Short and useful. Liked it very much.

[@jasonhendler8892]

I howled seeing that you used a sequence of Vince McMahon photos to indicate the progressive scale of the issues to be solved.

[@sublimejourney3384]

Yeah it really put things into perspective lol

[@giannidileo]

Thank you for this awsome video (and the preceding one), it helps me put everything in prospective.

[@riccardobellese1205]

Great job as always!

[@steprato1853]

really interesting video! can you do an updated version?

[@maneaabdullah6059]

thank you for everything you doing for us

[@thepeff]

I just kinda stumbled on this channel. So far it has been a great find

[@xelaxander]

It's worth noting that Quantum Annealing is targeted at a very specific kind of problem. In some formulation it's called Ising Problem (bits take values -1 and 1) or QUBO (bits take values -1 and 1). Essentially they amount to minimizing a quadratic polynomial over a huge number of binary variables. These can be NP-Hard, but translating typical integer optimization problems as commonly found in industry and making Quantum Annealers useful is non-trivial. With annealers, there's four metrics to target: 1. Maximal Problem Size (I.e. how many variables can be used) 2. Solution Quality : Given one relaxation (problem solving attempt) how close can one get to an optimal solution 3. Solution probability: How likely is it, that one relaxation produces a close to optimal solution. 4. Connectivity: How many Interactions between variables one can have. DWave has issues with the last point whereas optical circuits are not limited there. I believe DWave was quite smart by focusing on these to avoid competition and have a useful product ready early, even if it's not the ideal quantum computer.

[@c.james1]

Ah, D-Wave, the bane of having to explain to friends that that is not a true universal quantum computer and actual quantum computers look nothing like it and exist in labs and not data centre like environments.

[@ivoryas1696]

Chris James "Well _my_ ' computer' has more Qubits than *_yours_* does! 🖕🏻"

[@Snowflake_tv]

Thank you. I watched it with respect.

[@Philmad]

Cool video, even cooler end. Thanks for the effort

[@Josefinocchio]

Excellent video. You are wonderfully talented. Oscar for science visual facilitation

[@ThijquintNL]

congrats on 1 mil subs!

[@georgelafner8760]

I actually love you and your channel

[@betanapallisandeepra]

Great work sir.. thank you for doing it.. I like yor work..

[@danielduarte5073]

Excellent report

[@gregorydessingue5625]

Great video! Thank you.

[@Sanjay-dl5qc6ms2h]

Great work sir ❤👍

[@spal3907]

very good effort to make this video . i love your topics and approch to explain ,its always satisfies my mind curosities because i am always searching similar topics .a big 👏from me

[@davidcunningham2074]

Great research

Yeah! Nice video, thank you so much.

[@KenanSeyidov]

Would you be open to conducting an analogous analysis on the state of the art in Neuromorphic computing?

[@uerueluem]

Liked this overview. Would be interesting where the military companies such as Lockheed Martin stands by today. From your video, I assume you didn’t find any information then. From other videos, I learned that they are investing money in this field.

[@someonethereto]

Amazing video professor. Can you plz make a Map of Astrophysics?

[@121qwert2]

I look forward to your updates.

[@oliverjones1879]

Great Vid!

[@LOGICZOMBIE]

GREAT WORK

[@danielbuchta1063]

Thank you very much:)

[@Harishnaeem]

Love the fact you added the Vince mcmahon meme .

[@nikhileswarids3153]

I think this channel would help to think from first principles of what so many scientists historically told in ancient times

[@Young_Ruya]

I enjiyed this video! Horay! Thank you!

[@Wildboy789789]

Ionq and ibm hit their goals for the year, the 25 algorithmic qubits and 433 physical qubits

[@zapy422]

It would be nice if these companies could collaborate together for the sake of humanity combining their different approaches

[@reedsexton3973]

It would be nice if all of these companies would stop researching quantum for the sake of humanity

[@michaelconnor2162]

No competition, no point

[@vgacoralreef]

@@reedsexton3973why?

[@andrewyork3869]

Tbf, they are almost all running in entirely different directions even thise that seem similar on the surface.

[@maximesahmed410]

That was awesome thank you and the last part was really funny I did enjoy the video.. 😂😆

[@electronsmind1398]

Many thanks

[@jackstephenbaker4199]

4:33 is wrong. The 127 qubit machine by IBM (Washington) has a QV of 64 (although when it first went up it was listed at 32). The 128 QV machines by IBM are usually 27 qubits.

[@lol-vq8dh]

Im quite hyped

[@PhillJenkins]

Quantinuum is listed in the quantum VOLUME slide, but no mention of the company in the Future Predicitions slide. No explanation why? IBM seems to be the most open about it all, at least publishing the most, which is usually an indication of being the furtherest along becasue they have enough people and progress to say something intelligent.

[@vgacoralreef]

Love this

[@roenne2]

I think quantum computing is going to follow in the footsteps of fusion power. Its going to be X years away for a very very long time, perhaps forever. I hope I am wrong 🙂

[@madjunir]

There's high incentive to get Quantum computers sooner rather than later. Specially since they'll break encryption to steal tons of classified info and tons of Bitcoins

[@GovenorJerryBrown]

No Quantum is a prerequisite for stabilizing fusion. That is the issue. Technology has to be strategically performed in proper sequence. Regardless, Fusion never had the intensity of funding and research in applications which QC has recently. IONQ, Honeywell and the US Army have been able to achieve 99.9% accuracy with barium ions. The discoveries in QC being made now are fundamental and simply need scalability. The basics have all been solved.

[@sachitvarshney1495]

@@madjunir Yeah Bitcoin better watchout

[@ayoCC]

The difference is that this has private funding with real progress already. Even at a snail pace they will reach more qubits, while Fusion isn't getting any real funding because it doesn't have the same opportunities.

[@waclawkoscielniak9291]

You are 100% correct.

[@gottenm9106]

most of those companies make their predictions based on nothing and go out with huge statements just to get funding

[@humanaugmented2525]

I love your diagrams

[@jacoby310]

What do you think about algorithm-based benchmarking vs QV?

[@Schrute4319]

Hey! Would be awsome if you would make a video of "Map of Thermodynamics and statistical mechanics".

[@vgames1543]

Could you maps of: -Politics -Psychology -Philosophy

[@Wildboy789789]

Ionq hit 23 AQ in august... right on target to hit 25 by december, really exciting

[@nandishajani]

What software you use to create these maps? And how you animate them? Is there any video you have created for behind the scenes for your process?

[@Turjak_art]

PowerPoint

[@manusartifex3185]

Paintbrush 🖌

[@thewatcher1914]

😰WOOOOOW the best chanel ever 👋🏻hi am the new member from 🇲🇦am just lerin the English but I understand every thing, I like this chaine . Thank you for all .

[@Xnoob545]

Great outro there, 10/10 "Oh yeah, like and scruibe- bollocks"

[@denilmohan3314]

Why stoped making videos make more we love this channel

[@tuhinpaul6173]

Please make separate short videos explaining each technology if your time permits. TIA

[@imperatorantonius222]

Nice vid! Could you do a map of engineering?

[@domainofscience]

Okay :)

[@inspacetime]

Archer, a deep technology company (ASX: AXE) has successfully developed and patented a quantum computing processor chip (CQ chip) that works at room temperature which is a groundbreaking achievement.

[@jurjenbos228]

If you've watched this video, you'll have a hard time believing that claim

[@manusartifex3185]

Do you think they’d be available for regular users ? I think I’d like to get my hands on this space

[@davidstar2362]

great video

[@briankleinschmidt3664]

Quantinuum system model H1-2? I have a couple of those in the storage shed.

[@leewiggin9264]

Hey, great channel. Would love to buy some of your posters. Is there any way to buy them in the UK? Can only find US based delivery on the platforms you have advertised.

[@domainofscience]

Yes I believe my store on RedBubble has UK based manufacturing and shipping.

[@OccultDemonCassette]

So, if we're able to get a decently working quantum computer by the end of this decade... what can they do? WIll they always be used for very specific calculations like supercomputer projects are, or are we going to see consumer grade quantum GPUs or quantum smartphones in like 30-40 years?

[@foute90s]

I think this all depends on the question if it is possible to get the Qbits physically stable without the need of much correction like cooling or high power lasers. If we don't, the size and power consumption of the quantum processor would be too high for any home application.

[@SakiSkai]

I have seen a lot of quantum computer videos but I have yet to see a quantum computer in action, loading a program, executing it and reading the output. Am I missing something?

[@Takyodor2]

I think the "missing something" is expecting a quantum computer to do the same thing as a regular computer. I'm certainly not an expert, but I think the basic idea of a quantum computer is that it can find the solution to a very specific problem countless times faster than a regular computer, so if a regular computer feeds the quantum part a problem, and then measures the output after the "quantum stuff" is done, the whole thing has executed a program (not the quantum computer on its own).

[@SakiSkai]

@@Takyodor2 I am not expecting the quantum computer to do the same as a regular pc. I am talking about showing the simple process of inputing data, processing and reading output. I want to see how it's done on a quantum computer. The actual program doesn't matter.

[@kylebowles9820]

6:30 omg perfect use of the meme

[@ManojKumar-ds6jm]

Can you make a video about The Map of Electronics

[@kiidlegaming8669]

Do the map of politics & economy systems :D This would be awesome

[@kartiktiwari291]

Please make your video on MAP OF PSYCHOLOGY

[@pinkplayspkmn5011]

I’m currently working on getting my degree in electrical computer engineering I wanna join one of these companies and help make this possible 🙌🏿

[@mark9118]

You might want to study quantum physics.

[@rom5457]

About to reach a million

[@user-lq9oi5jq3n]

Powerful.

[@wilberforce95]

This race and upcoming NASA missions are keeping me excited for the future.

[@melm4251]

keen for a DoS bookshelf tour. think i can see a copy of 'Harry Potter and DiVincenzo's Criteria'

[@MorningstarConsult]

Can you make quantum computing series, I would definitely pay you if you mentor me on this

[@astroch]

No mentioning China is missing half of the picture in this video

[@peenicefaez6578]

0:46 Me every time my teacher asks me questions about the lecture

[@MayorMcC666]

Very valuable information in a world bombarded by Quantum vapor ware

[@ManuelBasiri]

Why this cannel no longer creates content? I hope it's still alive. One of the best on KZbin

[@DanielKivariTeacher]

So why is it called Quantum Volume when it is calculated using only two dimensions? 🤔 One would think that it would be a measure of Quantum Area. Is this just a poorly throughout convention or am I misunderstanding something?

[@georgesamir7077]

Can you make a video for Data Science , please ?

[@nohilscience999]

What softwares are you using to make posters and videos ?

[@fernandovalner]

is this a good time to start a computer science degree, course the whole 5 years, to then join research on quantun computer with a phd , or is it already too late and the thing is almost done? I ask this because I am about ingress in a comp sci bachelors, and I am quite apprehensive about my choice.

[@Takyodor2]

Do what you think is fun/rewarding. If you really want to help with quantum computers, theoretical physics is much closer than computer science!

[@waffenwafflesreal]

Hooray!

[@Philmad]

It is said that no current QC is yet having an advantage for real life purpose, beginning of last section. Is this true for all QC or just Gate based I.e. universal QC? Cheers

[@summerQuanta]

That's a bit subtle. First, for a given application like factorization, there are known quantum algorithms that are much more efficient than known classical algorithms. However it's not enough to prove that there is no classical algorithm that could actually be as fast. Then, it's true that the quantum computing hardware at the moment doesn't provide enough computing power to run these algorithms for significant real life applications. There is arguably one exception which is boson sampling but it's very debated. Google used their QC to do boson sampling much faster that any known classical algorithm can, and thus claimed that this is demonstration of quantum supremacy. However boson sampling is still possible on classical computers and IBM started a debate about what is the real speedup given by Google's QC . This also raises the question of which speedup do we want to claim quantum supremacy as classical hardware improves all the time. Finally, boson sampling has no other real other interest aside than displaying this "quantum supremacy" . I would still argue it has not any real life purpose in itself either although don;t quote me on that

[@vornamenachname2625]

@@summerQuanta "However it's not enough to prove that there is no classical algorithm that could actually be as fast." There is currently no such prove, and such a prove are extrem hard. So you can only speak about the best know classical algorithm. "Finally, boson sampling has no other real other interest aside than displaying this "quantum supremacy" " The lack of interest means that the best know classical algorithm is not a meaningfull metric.

[@tehhistorianofepic]

11:28 You could say this video puts me into a *super* position... I'll see myself out

[@StarGateSG7]

P.S. I literally work right beside by that massive grouping of crows you filmed which by coincidence is only two Km away from D-Wave's headquarters!

[@bulentyavuz3843]

Hurray!

[@Newtube_Channel]

The virtue of a classical computer is its determinacy. That is why it is so good for automation. QC is still very much an experimental line of research. We can't expect that QC will be a drop in replacement for classical machines - it could rather yield entirely new and unforeseen paradigms of thinking. A major issue with industries is applying new paradigms to old problems and indeed many problems are usually of the stone age.

[@fanfanatik3144]

You should do a video on the map of the human brain

[@gama3181]

11:45 triple BAM