Why all future Sports Cars will be Electric Vehicles

[@TwoBitDaVinci]

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[@a_pav]

Glad to see how quickly your channel is growing!! I remember when you had less than 6k subscribers

[@nc3826]

The EV vs ICEV efficiency is a mindless moronic (mostly fanboy based) meme talking point rationalization propaganda since the efficiency for producing the electric never seems to be included, for one thing....And u want money via Patreon lol, I should be paid for the wasted 10 seconded I watch another utube no nothing wannabe expert...

[@nc3826]

Ur such a melodramatic Homo but you just proved my point. An EV vs ICEV efficiency comparison is a mindless and moronic... Since it far to complex for ppl like u to deal with...

[@nc3826]

"EVs aren't about how efficient they are" was the point since it way to complex for a dumb as dog crap, utube wannabe expert like u, to fathom all the parameters involved anyway... So have fun ranting and being to stupid to know ur agreeing with me :)

[@CrzyMan_Personal]

Hey, I know you are getting a lot of hate for certain parts of your video, but I want to make sure you know that you need to keep going. This is a great overview, but at the cost of precision. Which is fine. You can do this, and we look forward to improving content as you keep getting better.

[@dustman96]

Would love a more in depth video on this topic. This was a very well done simplified version. Thanks!

[@zed91]

" Virtually everyone from advertisers to illustrators of children's books represent raindrops as being tear-shaped." "Small raindrops (radius < 1 millimeter (mm)) are spherical; larger ones assume a shape more like that of a hamburger bun.

[@xungnham1388]

Raindrops are not actually tear shaped at all. They are more or less hamburger shaped.

[@pupeno3]

Yeah... I'm not sure why he chose that example. That's the shape of a drop about to become detached, not a falling drop. Both can be seen here: en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Drop_(liquid) Intuitively, I would expect a sharp edge both at the front and the back to the most aerodynamic, like a double edge sword flying through the air. If you look at the Tesla Model 3, it's going in that direction. I think.

[@FranklynMonk]

Right?! The diagram shown is of a hanging droplet, formed by surface tension and gravity. In motion it would be a wobbly hamburger.

[@Runoratsu]

Yeah, wanted to write the same. That "teardrop shape" rain drop is a myth long since proven wrong, and the fact that the guy making this video didn't even check this before basing one of his arguments on it makes me wary of anything else he might say in his video, so I won't even watch on.

[@mikecurtin9831]

Water's not the only fluid to do this, either. Lead and steel shot are made by pouring the molten metal onto a sieve (the size of the holes determines the size of the shot) and the metal that drips through falls a couple of dozen feet into a cooling bath of water. By the time the metal hits the water, the drops are round.

[@mikecurtin9831]

I don't think I'd go that far. He's just wrong about the the shape of a rain drop. Most of what he says is accurate.

[@dani43321]

At 5:57, you want the weight as close to the center of gravity as possible, instead of spread throughout the length and width of the car. This helps reduce the polar moment of inertia and results in increased turning ability.

[@markplott4820]

Daniel - perhaps, but cars like the Chevy VOLT and BOLT are poorly protected in a crash compared to a TESLA model 3 , the Battery Pan has high strength steel to protect the batteries. see crash test model 3 vs bolt vs leaf

[@dani43321]

@@markplott4820 It's more a matter of driving dynamics than safety. Having the mass centered allows the car to change direction quickly and results in a sportier behavior.

[@Kingkoopa00]

Anyone else want to destroy the line jumpers forcing their way into the exit lane @11:00? Awesome video by the way. Can't wait for Part 2.

[@waynesankey6065]

Dude, your explanation and drawings of rolling and pitching forces are wrong. The forces from the road are not applied at the axle; they're applied at the tire contact patch.

[@makex_se]

Yea i also noticed that.

[@dani43321]

But assuming that the car doesn't do a wheelie under heavy braking (looking at you Jeep), wouldn't that force directly translate to the axle? The axles are not moving up or down, the suspension is. So the axles act as the point of height 0 here, anything over them will lean forward under braking, anything under them will lean backward.

[@Erik20766]

Yeah and the way he described it, it would be theoretically impossible for a car with CoG in line with the wheel axles to roll over, which is obviously not the case. He covered that up with "practically"

[@Erik20766]

Daniel Blanco no, the force is applied at the point of contact. You said it yourself, when doing a wheelie this is obvious but it's always the case

[@sporkeh90]

This guy doesnt care he just wants views, last video he basically just ignored the fact that EV batteries dont last forever to make the point that they are 'way cleaner', while it doesnt make a diff.

[@tohjingwei9703]

Great video! Very informational and easy to understand. Really loved how the animations to further depicts the points that is emphasized

[@aGmanproduction]

Hey Two Bit da Vinci, good video to the introduction and comparison of vehicle dynamics for many EV conditions. I'm finishing up my Aerospace Engineering degree, so I can say that the description of braking and rolling moments is a little weird, but I get it for the purpose of this not being a high-level explanation. What I do want to correct you on is the fact that and aerodynamic shape with a rounded front end will have a stagnation point, but the position of it is what is important to drag reduction (save for a spike-like shape, but in practice you can't make an infinitely fine point). While the front end coming to a smoother curve is very helpful, often, the shape of the rear of the car determines how well flow will reconnect, which determines turbulence and drag at the rear of the car.

[@rohansroy]

Great video, I'd like to see the driving dynamics of various EV's compared, the Bolt, Tesla, Volt, and the upcoming PHEV's.

[@stephenlogsdon8266]

A water drop isn’t the most efficient. The shape it makes, is the most efficient for a drop of water.

[@theuncalledfor]

It's not the most efficient shape, because the shape of a raindrop is not determined by efficiency, but by the forces applied to the droplet: drag, gravity and surface tension. Gravity pulls it down, drag resists the pull. It is effectively sandwiched between these forces, which results in an overall flattening effect. Surface tension tries to make a spherical shape, and all three together result in something that resembles a burger. It's not optimized for fast falling, though. A more efficient shape would be one that allows for faster falling!

[@MrEddiekessler]

Great informative video. I feel uplifted with the way things are going in the ev and wind and solar world

[@kroee]

2:18: You're wrong there, buddy. Raindrops are not shaped like teardrops. Raindrops are are round with some squish in the middle, imagine a water balloon in front of a powerful fan.

[@Dave--FkTheDeepstate]

AFAIK, you are right. A correction from "look no further than mother nature and calling it a raindrop" to the more conventional term, "teardrop shape", would be more accurate. FYI - IIRC, a 3" diameter teardrop shape has the same (pressure) drag as a BB. As a former aerodynamics engineer, I still really enjoyed the video !

[@bob15479]

is but in a general sense it is similar to a teardrop shape

[@alexm7898]

@J Bright I just don't know what to think in such cases, page looks scientific, but picture tells bigger water sphere have same mass! And description does not say it is got filled with air, just the opposite. Reminded me of a page that said air 200 years ago contained not 20 as of now but 40% oxygen along with saying 2% difference increase productivity by 50% (numbers are not exact, as I remembered them).

[@jeffpope7811]

Two Bit DaVinci is the GOLD standard of our EV future! Thanks so very much for teaching us so thoroughly about this necessary technology!

[@Stoic-of-Rome]

Who has ever called it the "Rain drop" Oh yeh that tear drop design ....Oh I mean rain drop

[@WardenClyff]

Your videos are tremendous. Love that you are making videos on the future of transportation despite the lackluster enthusiasm​ from the average gearhead and petrolhead. Keep up the work. Can't wait for Part II

[@NutellaToastOW]

Your videos are always so awesome and interesting, I love it!

[@miguellopez3392]

Even though EVs produce much less heat, they also have to operate at much lower temperatures, the problem here is that since the operating temperature is so close to Ambient Air Temperature, the rate at which heat wants to dissipate is lower than if the temperature was much higher like in an ICE, so to achieve optimal cooling at higher ambient tempature the radiator would have to be about the same size as those found on an ICE, this is the reason why teslas cant perform on tracks more then a couple minutes, they trade range over more effective cooling, I wonder how big the radiator will be on the Roadster 2. Also raindrops are actually flat at the bottom when they fall, altho the perceived shape is very aerodynamic. www.scienceabc.com/pure-sciences/shape-falling-raindrop-pressure-sphere-surface-tension-hydrostatics-aerodynamics-gravity-myth.html

[@JoshKaufmanstuff]

I never thought of the thermal dynamic challenges of EV cooling, nice comment. It sounds like this would be hugely dependent on climate and ambient temperature. Winter could also be tough on EVs. They have to make up the cabin heating difference from radiator source. Also have a hard time charging when cold, I'm sure there is also a max charging temp for safety. @ rain drops So, rain would actually fall faster if it could maintain the tear drop shape.

[@rhamph]

Although passive cooling would be more limited than in an ICE car as you say, it's easy to engineer in a heat pump to bring that temperature back up and get all the cooling you need in a small radiator. Of course that loses a bit of efficiency but only when working hard, and of course you can compensate by reducing your drag (due to pulling in less air for the radiator.) The infamous lap-and-a-half incident was apparently due to a disconnected sensor. When operating properly that car, and many other teslas, can work just fine on a track. insideevs.com/electric-gt-tesla-model-s-overheated-after-just-lap-and-a-half/ Good point about the raindrop. Surface tension >> aerodynamics.

[@steveclunn8165]

Let's put some numbers on these heat calculations. Tesla gets about 400 watts per mile and if it's running at 90% efficiency we're talking about 40 Watts of heat being produced per mile. I have a older e v with a series motor and controller and a 4 in radiator that's used for cooling computers to cool the controller and it never gets hot. That said back in the 90s when the controllers were air-cooled they did get hot, so hot we had to put a fan on them. As the efficiency goes up the heat loss goes down and better controllers meant less Heat. Another way of looking at it a Tesla has a hundred kilowatt pack to go 300 miles gas car of the same weight take 15 gallons which equals approximately 480 kilowatts of power since the work to move the weight across the ground is the same approximately for both we see 10 kilowatts of wasted energy for the Tesla and 390 kilowatts of energy wasted for the gas engine car.

[@raymundhofmann7661]

@@steveclunn8165 If you charge from the grid a Tesla just wastes the same, plus it has the big waste called battery. You can buy a few times the energy for the price of the battery than it can store in its lifetime.

[@MsSomeonenew]

Well you got half the information in there, the other half is producing less heat all together. A 100HP gasoline engine will need to shed about 200HP of heat, while a 100HP electric motor is shedding between 10-20HP of heat. Which is why in normal driving a Tesla need a radiator larger then ICE car cabin heaters.

[@NathanaelDuke]

I hate to be a spoilsport, but raindrops don’t look anything like the classic image. There are some really cool slo-mo macro videos of raindrops falling if you’re interested in checking them out.

[@sagarmeena0210]

love your videos....great explanations

[@davidchurch7158]

You forgot about the aerodynamics of the smooth bottom

[@ankifunki]

It’d be interesting to (shortly) compare/cover fundamental aerodynamic differences between tear shaped (round at the front) vs pointy one

[@FreeAgent99]

I usually dont comment on videos, but I really wanted to show my appreciation this time. Very well done and I like how you go into details. There are tons of videos that explain superficially how great EVs are but never dig deeper. Keep up the great work!

[@ronaldgarrison8478]

4:02 Just FYI, fuel cell cars do not use liquid hydrogen.

[@MeijinSensei]

Cool and interesting video, do you intend to talk about the polar moment of inertia in a later video?

[@SetMyLife]

Nicely done! However the ideal CG height is at road level. The axle position plays no part.

[@caseymuni4097]

Excellent video. I was hoping you address mass distribution and effect on the polar moment of inertia. This is important for a sports cars as well total weight. Maybe another video?

[@TwoBitDaVinci]

yeah definitely

[@nigelwolfe6150]

Idea! Like a transformer have the front of the car clamshell open (lightenting quick like a fishes mouth) on braking at which point all that resistence is helping to slow the vehicle PLUS have a small but efficient wind powered generator to USE that sudden airflow to generate electricicty (even possibly in addition to regenerative braking)

[@Suuhls]

For all I love EVs, you just can't beat something like the AE86 in driving experience. I also avoid automatics like the plague. If I ever get an EV I it really will only be for day to day driving

[@hfe1833]

It's awesome and informative, science at its best

[@kgames7343]

What if you bottom out?! How come no one ever says anything about this lolz.

[@ryderostby]

u should put tags in so more people see ur amazing content

[@thezman350]

Great video please keep it up!

[@L3uX]

With Aerodynamics you forgot the inherently flat bottom/undertray and from there you can design a super effective diffuser/Venturi effect with little drag downside vs say a wing or bigger spoiler. Most cars in order to get OEM flat undertray have to be on the higher end of sports car. Center of gravity wise, the Model 3 I believe should be the best given compared at same 4.5” ride height vs Air suspension Model S.

[@machine60]

Nice simple illustrations to help explain complex concepts. Energy per mile consumed by a car is proportional to the frontal area, the coefficient of drag and the square of velocity. At 80 mph the energy per mile is four time that at 40, Tesla cars have the lowest coefficient of drag of any production car in the world. Another idea to understand is that despite the added weight, the more lithium ion batteries you pile into a car, the further it will go.

[@filip3148]

Stiffer suspension doesn't necessarily mean less roll.

[@gxexrxmxaxnx]

I think you should've made it clear that raindrops are not actually shaped like that but a shape with very low drag would actually be shaped like the illustration you showed.

[@TwoBitDaVinci]

Yes we’ll touch on it in part 2

[@zolikoff]

The fake front grills (eg. on BMW EVs) are essentially not bad for aero. The effect is negligible.

[@TwoBitDaVinci]

Not too bad yah. I was saying people still use hem because we are so used to it. But it is worse than a smooth front end though, just not very big a difference as you noted

[@zolikoff]

Sure, there is a nonzero impact but it won't really affect the cost of running the car, and while it's not "necessary" to have front design elements per se, I think it's quite needed to give some personality to the car's design.

[@MsSomeonenew]

They are pretty significant for an EV range, especially the i3 which has horrid drag coefficient and quickly looses miles at highway speeds.

[@zolikoff]

The i3 has a poor drag coefficient because of its overall shape. Those tiny closed off kidney grills aren't contributing.

[@nigelweir3852]

Renault Zoe doubled range for 15kg extra weight, went from 80 miles to over 160 miles approx

[@billcichoke2534]

Well, hate to tell you, but most of the dynamics car to car have to do with chassis rigidity, suspension, and horsepower per ton. Most EVs have a huge chunk of MASS that the suspension is terrible at handling, which means they all handle like pregnant cows on crack.

[@TwoBitDaVinci]

Many sports cars are very heavy and EVs have superior low cg. What are you basing this on?

[@billcichoke2534]

@@TwoBitDaVinci SPORTS CARS are, by definition, LIGHTER. Larger vehicles with the 'sport' moniker tend to be lower to the ground and have suspension upgrades, lighter material here and there, and some engine enhancements. But the main focus is ALWAYS on suspension dynamics.

[@Cerberus984]

Fun Fact: The current EV Godzilla NIO EP9 gets beat by a Lamborghini Aventador LP770-4 SVJ by 1 second on the Nürburgring. For context though the EP9 used racing slicks giving it a 5 - 10 percent time advantage by vastly increased grip. EP9 development was assisted by Nio's Formula E racing division making it even more amusing. NIO EP9 1431 HP weighing 3,825 lbs 2.67 lbs per HP Lambo 759 HP weighing 3,362 lbs 4.43 lbs per HP

[@alexanderhamilton8585]

@@billcichoke2534 EVs are inherently better -- in every way -- than ICE cars. Moreover, ICE cars are in the process of killing us all by emitting deadly CO2. They should be illegal.

[@TroySavary]

@@alexanderhamilton8585 CO2 is only deadly in concentrations far higher than you will ever encounter in nature. Besides, every time you exhale, you emit CO2. You should be illegal.

[@quangsomit2490]

Tesla weight distribution is lower to the ground, but handling sucks compared to other car in its class. Tesla EV has a slippery shape compared to ICE car from the same class of car; but Tesla has much lower top speed, can't sustain top speed for a longer period of time. The car is very inefficient at 90mph or more. To make up the lack of airflow thru a grill, Tesla tried to improve the cooling with a electric fan to cool down the battery yet the battery still overheat.

[@TwoBitDaVinci]

We will get into top speed in the next video. You can be sure the roadster 2020 will show you how to build a EV hyper car. You’re right about battery cooling but it’s just an engineering challenge that needs to be solved. They use the AC system for cooling batteries so it’s not that hard a peoblem

[@quangsomit2490]

Two Bit da Vinci You obviously don't know how AC works, it also needs air flow to work. All the aero dynamic advantage does not mean as much when you muffled air flow and things over heated. Lol, Tesla fans always use the Roadster as answer to any questions regarding Tesla lacking of high speed capabilities; screw model S and model 3, wait 2 year and bring 200k and I will sell you another car that is truly fast, lol. I do want to see Tesla can sell an EV with top speed of 250 mph for 200k. I hope it is not a flop like the battery exchange stations that were hyped up to the ying-yang a few year ago. Btw, it is not a roadster, it looks like a GT touring coupe. Could the "Roaster" actually a 2 door model S with double the batteries? Lol..

[@jameshoffman552]

No included: Effect of moment of inertia. EV battery puts more mass closer to CoG, less at extremes. Smaller MoI makes fore easier changes in direction (angular acceleration)

[@Smartboy14727]

PLEASE RESPOND. Scientific question. Does a fully charged electric vehicle (My Model 3) weigh more than when the battery is empty? In other words does the electricity do anything to the weight of the battery, 5% charged compared to 95% charged?

[@babybirdhome]

Smartboy14727 no. The battery doesn't hold extra electrons like it's an electric gas tank. Charging the battery just uses electric force to push the battery's electrons to the other side of the insulator. And then when you use the electricity to drive the car, you're driving the car with the captured electrical charge created by those electrons moving back to the other side.

[@babybirdhome]

It's more like winding up a spring than filling a gas tank.

[@richardnwilson]

When figuring the tendency to roll it's the center of gravity above the road surface not above the axle. The axle has nothing to do with it.

[@johnweiner]

Congratulations for your high quality graphics and the accuracy of your physics. In the coming months you will have more EVs to compare...one to another and with their ICE counterparts. In Europe the model X competitors are now appearing (Jaguar I pace, Mercedes EQX, Audi e-tron SUV. What is the aerodynamic effect of Audi's sideview cameras vs. the Tesla mirrors. Are the cameras a marketing "gadget" or do they lower drag significantly? The cameras are legal in Europe, maybe not yet in US.

[@TwoBitDaVinci]

Tesla and others would ditch the side mirrors tomorrow if they could. Most governments require them for now. In the US, we have some outdated mandates that may be reviewed in coming years. But yes removing side mirrors would be great! Many prototypes at car shows don’t have them, but federal regulations usually force their hand

[@johnweiner]

It would render great service to those that follow your videos if you could be more quantitative about the reduction in drag coefficient if the cameras were substituted for the conventional side mirrors. I live in France, and from what I hear the Audi e-tron will be commercialised here with the cameras as a legal option. Are there any advantages or disadvantages to the cameras aside from drag reduction...night vision or fog vision, or blind-spot reduction/elimination/detection for example. I think it would also be a good idea to discuss at more length exactly what the drag coefficient numbers mean physically...where do these numbers actually come from. You did a great job on the center-of-mass...I'm sure you could do as well for the drag coefficient.

[@TwoBitDaVinci]

Thank you for being a patron John! Yeah we will try to be more qualitative in future videos. John we hope you’ll write us on Patreon for future video ideas, and we may even have early previews to get feedback from our patrons. Thanks again

[@hananas2]

I'm looking forward to small, lightweight electric sportscars, I think those would be really great. They would be super fun because they have instant torque and a super low center of gravity, but would also be ecological because they wouldn't need a really big bettery because they don't have a lot of weight to move around, and obviously they don't pollute where they're driving.

[@HCkev]

Interesting. Now I understand the trend of lowering the suspension for people who are tuning their car

[@scottgibson7534]

I hope driverless cars are 1,000,000 years in the future.

[@karenterry5970]

They are literally right around the corner. and will make driving safer.

[@scottgibson7534]

@@karenterry5970 How exactly!!!!.

[@karenterry5970]

The technology is being built now into cars, Tesla are basically ready, others like Waymo are at the cutting edge. We are talking years not lifetimes.

[@scottgibson7534]

@@karenterry5970 Technology yes like anti_collision lane avoidance better braking etc, but to trust the steering wheel to a computer is madness , and the infrastructure for my former points to be acceptable for all drivers is years away, and we are not talking a few but many ,many.

[@karenterry5970]

I think we will have to agree to disagree, people naturally fear automation, but inevitably it will make the roads much safer.

[@Arun-Arasan]

Absolutely brilliant video...the amount of scientific information condensed into this 12 minute video is incredible. The pacing, clear explanation and on-point animation are outstanding. I walked away from this video feeling like I learned so much more and richer for it Thank you for your research, time and effort that goes into these gems. Keep up the great work and I look forward more insightful videos.

[@TwoBitDaVinci]

Thanks Arun for those awesome kind words! It feels great to know our efforts are appreciated! Much much more to come!

[@DocWolph]

ICE Vehicles grills are more an affectation of styling and shockingly do not need to be so big. This is not merely about trucks, whose grills have mostly become ridiculously, cartoonishly, huge and ornate. To be fair, the new RAM Grill looks great and is not at all overlarge. Probably works great aerodynamically as well. If you recall, just as an example, early Ford Taurus and Mercury Sable sedans. These did not have very large grills with only moderate sized lower opening, not any larger than what is seen on BEVs now, for cooling. Teh Famous "blocked grill" look. If you look in the engine bay of most modern vehicles, the air intake box is often positioned and opened very close to the front (or outside) of the car. This is so it can get the most outside air and be free of ambient engine temperatures inside the engine bay. As a result, most of the grill is NOT needed for engine air or cooling. The lower intake often seen on most vehicles now is more than enough and a small grate or slot is more than enough for engine air intake. Tesla's lack of a grill looks awful because it looks like someone forgot to remove the protective cover. It looks bad, generic as a white can with only the word "beer" on it and is easily to most unattractive part of a Tesla's exterior. Next, Drag is misused by seemingly everybody, even trained experts of aerodynamics. Drag is essentially the vacuum force generated by an object exiting a given volume of air or space or air. This is the force of the air trying to get back to where it was or filling in the vacuum space behind the object. This force of drag increasing both with speed of the object and the size and shape of the area creating drag. In regards to the Grill, you are thinking of Wind Resistance (WR), a somewhat figurative name that describes how much the air or wind, felt as movement through air, resists being moved out of the way and/or increases the difficulty of and object to move into or through a given volume or space of air. Grills create a good amount of WR. However most grills, even huge ornate ones, often produce far less WR than their visible area entails. This especially as most grills have slats and grating that block and deflect so much incoming air as to reduce the effective area. Modern aerodynamic theory and practice actually has the fairly frequent habit of rendering huge, gaping, "fish mouth", grills as near zero impact on the vehicles aerodynamics at speeds the vehicle would not try to take flight at. Grills are largely retained because unless you just like having utterly generic looking vehicles (looks at Tesla), then grills are not going completely away, if at all. "When all vehicles have the same features and capabilities, the remaining defining attribute is design." - Peter Delorenzo (Paraphrase). Yes, people are still attached to them, the car makers and the people who buy them. They are needed for various functions, but do not need to be so big. But in the end People want their car to look like something, not like nothing. Tesla gets away with it best they are the only ones doing it. Leave the to it. To Everyone else, find their own solution. It is never simple or easy, it only looks like it because it has been so developed over so long a time, it is taken for granted.

[@glitchysoup6322]

Thanks for using metric mesurments!

[@davidchurch7158]

Thanks very nice video

[@bexterollie]

You should have titled it, “the advantages of electic cars for beginners”. I already knew this

[@abcde12345fghijab]

Raindrops don't look like you have shown. There are a lot of videos available that shows a flattish sphere. But on the other hand you're probably right about the minimum drag that the "raindrop" shape generate. Edit: Example here: scienceblogs.de/weatherlog/2008/05/21/welche-form-haben-regentropfen/

[@DocWolph]

Vehicle balance is a matter of design intent and preference. Taking Rear Midship Rear (RMR) drive cars for example, the bulk of the operating mass is toward the rear to make the front of the vehicle much more responsive for maneuvers. We will see a LOT of this comparison when the RMR Corvette comes out and is compared to the C7 Corvette, which has its engine in the Front Midship (FM or FMR) position, to that end. Having an evenly spread out weight distribution reads as advantageous and in most vehicles, seeking stability, it is. The Vehicle is much less apt to twitch change direction with a perfectly distributed weight. So any such car is not going to be the best at cutting corners. Even Front or Front midship cars have the ability to use their often somewhat lighter rear ends to induce over steer that makes harder maneuvers ever. I say "often" as the Dodge Viper, for example, was actually "tail heavy" its balance was more like RMR sports car. In fact, most sports and GT cars today, while more closely 50/50 balanced are still either lighter to the front or the rear allowing more dynamic driving techniques and strategies to be used... just not to teh same weaponized degree and more deliberately unbalanced cars like the Porsche 911, Ferraris 488, among others. The Lower Center of Gravity (CoG) is always desired, but in practice there is such a thing as too low, as it makes it harder for the vehicle to "dig" into a corner to better use its tires for grip and handling. Finally, a higher curb weight is NEVER better. More weight stressed suspension and chassis parts. It taxes the tires and brakes more. It also demands MROE weight to support more weight. But on the up side, a heavier vehicle is somewhat easier to setup of a more comfortable ride, and you have more weight on the tires top facilitate more grip from a standing start, great for drag racing. Future Sports cars will be very reluctant to use large amounts of batteries if they can actually avoid it simply because of the weight. If anything we may see more cars like the Koenigsegg Regera, which has one of the most evenly blended and stunning effective Hybrid drive systems currently in existence on this planet.

[@TwoBitDaVinci]

Thank you, Doc these are some amazing comments. We try to find a balance between in-depth and easy to understand, and yeah your comments are really good. Thank you!

[@Cerberus984]

Colin Chapman was rolling in his grave from Two IQ da Vinci's video.

[@Im-mv6bf]

its funny because that is not what a raindrop looks like

[@mithunsingh5025]

please, made video on BATTERY management system.

[@nigelwolfe6150]

One idea for an ev sports car is a removable battery module(s) where as long as you are not taking a long trip you slip in special floor jack and disengage and remove 500 pounds of battery ....car is much lighter now but can only go 150 miles ... which is plenty for sunday drive at full performace....every once in a while going on long run? Pop in extra battery

[@shadowpod13]

Not only is this vid a great comparison. It also is a great teaching vid for the physics of what effects a vehicle's performance/handling.

[@BolusTube]

But it's mostly wrong. If wanna learn something, get it from a credible source.

[@zodiacfml]

1. Aero - It is ideal to have good coefficient of drag but some cars barely use the highways. A huge grill or the bulky BMW i3 wouldn't hurt for city driving. Tesla's obsession is due to its largest market which lives and breathes highways. 2. Mass - The only drawback with EV's weight is a need for wider wheels to achieve similar traction. Since wheels are wider and EVs are heavier, they cause a bit more wear to the tires. There is an unusual benefit for heavier weight though, more potential for traction without need for aero wings and high speeds. This is the reason why EVs are so good at acceleration from stop.

[@MsSomeonenew]

Weight does add traction, but it makes acceleration twice as bad, so unless you are talking about a tractor that will not go fast anyway weight is always working against you.

[@john9972]

For traction the i3 doesn't have wider wheels, it has larger diameter thin wheels. The contact patch is a different shape.

[@isurumaddumage1922]

Hate to tell you that your both points are false and don't have any supporting evidence to it.

[@ATDistinction]

Thats a drip not a rain drop. The Box fish would be a better example one of the most hydro dynamic fish.

[@chamindadecosta3970]

NOBODY ASPIRES TO A CASIO.

[@TwoBitDaVinci]

You’re right, just like how no one will aspire to a dirty gas car one day

[@Sebbuz11]

The video is interesting. However, you should also mention the greatest disadvantages of ev. Which are refueling times and the need of cobalt to build the bacteries. Did you know that most of cobalt comes from the democratic republic of Congo? And that cobalt mining creates massive pollution? And that cobalt prices are already skyrocketing? If EVs will be mass produced how will those problems be solved?

[@TwoBitDaVinci]

We have a whole series on batteries

[@lylestavast7652]

Lots of work going on on alternate materials for battery construction - time might come where none of those things you state will be an issue.

[@Sebbuz11]

I hope that time will come very soon...but I still have to see it...

[@Dr_Xyzt]

You do realize, we've reached the point of diminishing return. On a sedan-for-sedan basis comparing the Tesla to the BMW 3-series, the center of gravity is 12% lower on the Tesla, but by the fundamentals of traction, the difference is negligible because the angle from the traction patch to the center of gravity is already quite small. This is over-hyped.

[@radudragan89]

Something strikes me a bit odd. You said that Newton's first law states that objects in a uniform motion will remain in that state unless an external force is applied to them. Since EV's are overall heavier than the gasoline counterparts, doesn't that mean that they have a tendency to maintain their direction of travel and be harder to manouver as apposed to a lighter gasoline car?

[@TroySavary]

That is exactly what it means. It is partially offset by greater traction caused by the tires being pressed harder into the pavement by the weight, but, overall, a lighter vehicle tends to handle better, if all other factors are equal.

[@bonkers420]

Great video!

[@DerekVuong7799]

Ev makes sense for performance cars but not for everyday cars or practical cars. If you drive a sports car the drive is the destination and you won't mind charging because you like being in and with your car but if you drive an SUV you just want to go from point a to point b and hydrogen and quick refill would make more sense. In addition, range wouldnt matter as much in a fun or toy.and car you have your everyday car for the practical things. Also, sports cars lack the economy of scale but if it goes ev it could achieve that due to easy modularization. Also, the most important part about a sports car is its looks and styling and having a skate board platform will allow designers to let their imagination lose without the limitations of designing around the engine and transmission.

[@albertguo868]

2:30 yea raindrops don't look like that

[@simoncorporation3]

This vidio was very informative.

[@christianbro2]

Vacuum on a straw? Awesome, let's build the hyperloop on it.

[@MikeEllenberg]

I'm not a supporter of hydrogen fuel cell vehicles, but just want to point out they don't use liquid hydrogen (−423.17 °F/−252.87 °C). They use high pressure gaseous hydrogen.

[@miguellopez3392]

I think if you pressurize hydrogen enough it becomes liquid similar to butane and propane where they are liquid because the intense pressure causes it to condense instead of just doing it from an extremely low temperature.

[@teholly312]

It will become extremely explosive, impossible to keep that cold meaning it would undergo a huge amount of increasing pressure whilst also being extremely expensive to pressurize and cool to be liquid

[@miguellopez3392]

@@teholly312 it takes a good amount of energy to pressurize the tank but not a crazy amount, the tanks are reinforced and I imagine the have a pressure release system, its similar to forklifts that have a propane tank on the back for fuel.

[@babybirdhome]

Ollu once you've pressurized it into a liquid, it won't turn back into a gas, because it's under too much pressure and there's no space for it to expand back into a gas.

[@sigma682]

I personally feel the owner should be able to take over at anytime during transit for numerous reason.

[@wrexchicane8259]

This is a good example why spec's isn't everything, and real world perforance is more important than numbers on paper. Tesla Model 3 has better driving dynamics than an LFA, BRZ, or a BMW 3 series? I think not. No auto journalist would think so. I do hope one day there is an EV car competitive to the BRZ with the same driving dynamics, BUT else in price.

[@TwoBitDaVinci]

The question is not about any particular car today. The question is if the aspects of an EV means that they can in the future be better than gas cars for performance. So aerodynamics and weight distribution are both advantages for EVs. But higher weight due to today’s battery density is a disadvantage. Part two covers motors and power delivery

[@themaster8432]

Not to mention that the EV just launches instantly, where gasoline cars need to gear up and shift, losing speed in drag races..

[@ralanham76]

Need some kind of text on the screen.

[@divinejusticefeelsgood]

Design advantages of EV vs ICE please. Especially turning circles etc given the fact that no engines and transmissions etc...

[@markplott4820]

FACT : A Tesla model 3 can DRIFT better than any ICE car and do it on a ICE LAKE in Norway.

[@TimbuktuWilliams2]

I'm not saying you won't be right in the future, but you grossly understate the effect of weight. From your numbers an EV motor + batteries weighs approx 500 kg compared with approx 250 kg for ICE's engine, gas, and transmission. That's a huge difference when we are talking performance cars, and will in most cases matter more than weight distribution and marginal gains in aerodynamics.

[@juan-carlosarzu7925]

Sale pitch ? you are explaining if you walk under the rain you get wet . when I was 18 and rode my first motorcycle I found out your big speech . Why you need aerodynamics when in traffic or going 55 MPH ? . The more change things , the more reming the same

[@carlosandujar5843]

Those are some really big rear breaks on your Model 3 lol

[@mkzenthusiasts]

Consider this example. I just bought a Tesla model 3 RWD since the AWD version isn't on the road yet and I didn't pay extra for free super charging. What would it cost be to charge a fully depleted battery the performance battery with the longest range? Also, how many kWh would I consume if I charged it at home with a 220 volt plug. Reason I ask is I assume some energy at home is wasted or lost to heat to convert A.C. to D.C. if the model 3 or used model S was in my current price range I'd buy one and living in Wisconsin where it snows I would not buy a RWD car it would have to be AWD since the weight distribution is so equal. Nobody actually talks about the actual kwh consumed to charge at home. If we all knew this everyone would be able to figure out the cost. I'm at about 15 cents per kwh figuring in taxes and fees

[@JoseDiaz-sr4co]

Make a video about SpaceX!

[@TwoBitDaVinci]

Yah? I wasn’t sure if our viewers would like that. Sounds good!

[@Sekir80]

Yeah! Your channel looks very good in terms of explanation, SpaceX video is a must! :) Edit: subbed!

[@JoseDiaz-sr4co]

Two Bit da Vinci I love that you listen to your fans! Keep up the amazing work!

[@tarstarkusz]

Why are using Tesla almost exclusively?

[@TwoBitDaVinci]

They are the premier EV maker, and because we don't have issues using their footage... we tried using footage from Rimac and some others but got strikes and other issues.

[@sur_face]

Smart free advertising

[@lylestavast7652]

who would you use as an example, given how badly Tesla is killing the numbers on vehicles delivered ?

[@sanjuansteve]

You mean all future vehicles of all kinds will be Electric Vehicles. Let's all promise to never again purchase an internal combustion engine vehicle or tool!

[@bexterollie]

11:09 are we just gonna ignore that terrible gore point crossover?

[@SkashTheKitsune]

you do understand that EV's still have a transmission, without it, the gear ratio would be 1:1 a the motor doesn't whirr up too far into hearing level I'm going to have to say that RPM's are low, even a small car's transmission would be enough to power an EV

[@TwoBitDaVinci]

We cover this in part two

[@cannard74]

Great video, but you forgot quite a lot of things regarding components weight on EVs : transmission (even with a single gear it is not negligible weight) and power electronics (which are quite big too, I don't think Tesla is including them in the motor weight). I think it is critical to compare as much as possible apples to apples, as electric cars haters will always have something to say... (For information I think that future is EVs AND full hybrids AND mild hybrids. Nature has long time proven that diversity is key. So please don't think that I am an EV or engine hater)

[@SupremeRuleroftheWorld]

teslas dont have a transmission. they only have a reduction gearing (2 physical gears) and a diff. that is it and its a single unit with the motor and inverter.

[@nicholastomljanovich6918]

Fast acceleration of EV leads to reduced range since the energy required to achieve acceleration is draining battery at a faster rate. Petrol car has similar problem but is less susceptible given the more efficient energy replentishment.

[@miguellopez3392]

The car accelerate for a few seconds not for a few hours, also regen breaking.

[@500846]

Polar moment of inertia...

[@coscorrodrift]

Yeah I was surprised to not see this mentioned, it's a video clearly made from a EV enthusiast point of view rather than someone who actually wants to make a truthful video. EV's may have an advantage in polar moment of area, but once you factor mass in, I'm not so sure. I would have enjoyed a video researching that and finding the truth about it rather than just researching stuff that benefits electric.

[@ytl01]

inıstant torque must be a deciding factor.

[@jasong6460]

Model s does not have a fake grill anymore

[@pupeno3]

Shouldn't the rollover angle be calculated against the floor instead of the axle? Think about this toy: c.shld.net/rpx/i/s/i/spin/image/spin_prod_1055322012??hei=64&wid=64&qlt=50 The rollover angle is low, but not 0. If it turns fast enough and doesn't slide, it will roll.

[@alaasadek4125]

I disagree with you that the regulators will take 10 years to allow self driving cars. I agree with Tony Seba that it is the regulators that will speed up things so that the cost per mile drops to 10% of what it is now. And thus there will be more disposable income in our pockets that will be injected in the economy. This driverless car will be pushed very hard by governments and very quickly. It is a purely an economic reason.

[@TwoBitDaVinci]

Can you elaborate on the economic impact? I think transportation jobs (truck drivers, cab drivers etc.) represent like 25-50% of jobs for males.

[@alaasadek4125]

I would go as far as saying that driving cars trucks etc is the biggest employer world wide. Maybe more than 50%. So I agree with you here. But as you can see that once you and I spend 10% of what we spend now per mile then we will spend the rest on other things. Going on vacations, painting our homes etc. So the way I see it is that we will need more people to do new jobs. On average we spend $5k to $6k per year just to have a car that is parked more than 90% of the time. If you can have the same functionality for just 10% of that money then you will have more money to spend on other things. I personally like driving and might not go for an Uber like self driving car, but many will. I might enjoy both. My own car and a self driving car from Uber. At any rate I think if you look up Tony Seba I am sure he will explain it better than me. And I am sure you will be convinced. Best regards from Cairo Egypt.

[@drnoureldinsalah1693]

@@alaasadek4125 maybe we will see it in egypt oneday يارب

[@alaasadek4125]

I hope so. I think it will be a solution brought to us from Heaven. I also think that there are other very good reasons why we should have it. These cars can not be used to kill others. That is a fantastic reason as far as I am concerned. If the car sees a human it will stop. So all in all it will be a very good thing Latef.

[@TwoBitDaVinci]

thank you for your comments Alaa! I think you make good points! Two issues regulators will have to contend with is, trust from the public. Also, people keep cars 10 years, so even if everyone started buying EVs today, it would still be a decade before they made a big move in market share.

[@PistonAvatarGuy]

Nobody cared to state the obvious? Sports car racing requires a car to produce large amounts of power over multiple laps, but electric vehicles don't have the energy capacity to do this. Even if they did, they don't seem to be able to cool themselves well enough to make multiple laps of a race track when producing large amounts of power.

[@goguhu]

Hang on there a bit ... 47/53 is 'similar' to 50/50 (Note that BMW is not 'perfect' 50/50 but very close) ... while 17.5" BEAT 17.7" There is much more difference in front/rear weight distribution between a Tesla and a BMW 3 than CG. Let's assume a 'rear' value for the Tesla same as it's CG value. Read 17.5 (units of weight) -> Front 15.5 (UOW) for a total of 33 UOW (53% of 33 = 17.49). So % delta between F:R of BMW is 0%, and Tesla is 17.5/15.5 = 12.9% 20/17.5 = 14.1% so yes, Tesla's lower CG is better by a bigger margin that BMW's F:R, but the delta between them are not 'significant' it's a mere 1.0% ... so if one IS significant the other is ALSO significant ... BIAS always kills the arguments. (Yes, you can then argue of what's more important left/right roll or front/real squats). In the end cw is not really important, other than it has an impact on top speed, and fuel/energy consumption, and right now Tesla does not really have that high top speed, and a luxury car ($100k+) fuel consumption is not really that important (for the total cost to operate).

[@alexanderhamilton8585]

ICE cars are obsolete. EV cars rule.

[@6806goats1]

Glad my spindle grilled Lexus LS 460 has a .cd of .26. I like the idea of the Model 3 but paint a grille on the front or something. I also enjoy all the gadgets and gauges of my LS to which the M3 doesn’t have. Plus the cost to upgrade to an Model S just doesn’t make sense no matter how much I want to own one. But maybe the emotional purchase of a Model S will override the dollar value. I see this as a generational change and difficult to move from a baby boomer mindset. It’s a tough call, I fully support what Elon is trying to achieve. If I had more years ahead of me than behind me it would be an easier decision.

[@kocajj]

Great video, but its not the shape of a raindrop. The actual shape of a raindrop is more pancake-like (kzbin.info/www/bejne/emqziZempLajedE). The shape you were referencing was a teardrop. But yes, the tear drop is much more aerodynamic.

[@3XICS]

Yet when it's all set and done it handles like shit... This is the same as the claim that tesla is very reliable because less parts than ice car... "sounds good, doesn't work"... Btw, one of the reasons why performance ice cars have bad drag coefficient is because they use aerodynamics for better grip (I remember a pro driver took a model S on the nurburgring for a German car magazine and he said the car had almost no mechanical grip.... Or how Musk showed a Bugatti as a bad example of cd compared with his non existent Roadster, well gl not crashing when you find a corner)...

[@TwoBitDaVinci]

The model S is a family sedan, I’d wait and see how the roadster fairs. Also cars like the Rimac C_Two.

[@3XICS]

@@TwoBitDaVinci so what, it's a 500-700hp, close to 1000nm torque, awd, double wishbone front/multilink rear suspension sedan that gets beaten by VW Golf GTI tier cars that have less hp even after the S goes limp. Honestly I'm not a tesla hater but too many EV fanboys boast about the theoretical advantages vs ICE even when there aren't any and probably won't be until solid batteries will be available (BMW, Vw, Toyota, Honda, Nissan and Panasonic are investing massively in them, I doubt they would do without knowing they can profit).... EVs are the future but they're not for everyone yet.

[@friedrichhayek3683]

the video is complicated, but its made with love so its ok. and at least it has very sophisticated graphical content

[@ucy_jvp27n6wsatjmhwasdmg5]

Hehe

[@TwoBitDaVinci]

Good to hear from you Elon! :)

[@electraelpindrai1964]

I know you had to cut some stuff out, but you didn't need to spread misinformation about the raindrop thing