Why F1 Engines EXPLODE

[@millie1810]

Thanks for the technical information. It will make me even more fun at parties.

[@sirmounted8499]

😴

[@arthurbretas2003]

I am that person. Just now I bored my mates here in college because I accidentally began to explain VTECH.

[@bobbycheese22]

More fun at *the* parties

[@arthurbretas2003]

@@bobbycheese22 I don't do parties

[@102wingnut]

Y'all can come to my party anytime and we can argue about turbos vs superchargers lol

[@komentierer]

Rule of thumb: Blue smoke: burning Oil, often Turbo failure White smoke: Coolant evaporating, usually results in a new Pope

[@Cos_Why_Not]

Underrated

[@Jojo_Bee]

😂

[@koolracerguy]

They have elected a new Pope!

[@peterruiz6117]

LOL

[@AKStovall]

I laughed way too hard at this. such an underrated comment.

[@wolflegion_]

With Sainz this weekend, you could also see a lot of sparks coming out of the rear just as turbo really exploded, like burning metal sparks. It was quite evident that the turbo grenaded.

[@DjDolHaus86]

I'm leaning more towards a bottom end failure, the engine noise cut suddenly (not just a lack of turbo whine), there was very little smoke and you could see a violent disassembly from further forward. It would also explain why he couldn't put the car into gear to stop it rolling backwards while he hopped out, if your crankshaft has snapped then putting it in gear won't stop it rolling. Reference: kzbin.info/www/bejne/iZyxq6SkgLd3ock

[@FacuGonz3]

@@DjDolHaus86 That could be the case.

[@glue80]

I think it was initially turbo failure but the explosion when he was already coasting out of the track was something else. I think it was electric fire exlposion caused by the fire started from the turbo failure. Spectacular one as well from the slow motion videos.

[@TheCorrectionist1984]

@@glue80 , yea, if the initial failure was also the thing that blew the side of lower the car off, that probably was not the turbo. Could of been a knock-on effect from a turbo failure though.

[@matteoc98]

@@DjDolHaus86 He couldn't put the car in gear because if I remember correctly the regulations tell that whenever a car stops on the track they have to leave it in neutral for some reason. For the engine explosion when I saw it on tv I immediately thought they blew the head but seeing the replay you can see a yellowish explosion from the exhaust which might have been the turbo shattering and then there's the orange explosion from under the engine cover which is quite high up in the engine and I think it might have been an exhaust manifold failure. In conclusion Sainz was pushing too much and the "DANGER TO MANIFOLD" warning popped up on the wheel hahaha

[@theclassicplayer9610]

Welcome to scarbs channel guys!

[@DERP_Squad]

Turbo failures also tend to result in an engine rich exhaust as fragments of the turbo blades exit the vehicle through the exhaust.

[@Umuliuz]

And we saw that with Sainz

[@patrickbryant_]

So many F1 explainer youtube videos are filler with very little information. Driver61 is the best channel I've found by far at providing high quality, information dense explainers. Really nice work.

[@falinestixiaolong9691]

Check Chain Bear then. No one better at explaining technical stuff.

[@patrickbryant_]

@@falinestixiaolong9691 Chain Bear is excellent, also KYLE.ENGINEERS

[@alijahan]

in the spanish gp it was super obvious that it was the turbo for charles, you could literally hear it slowly going down and then exploding on the onboard, even charles noticed it himself despite all the noise around him.

[@FernandoGonzalez84]

Great video as always. Interesting that in F1 the piston is considered part of the top end. It's always been considered part of the bottom end since it's inside the block.

[@jsquared1013]

I was going to say the same, it might have just been a script error. Anything below the head/block join is usually considered "bottom end".

[@WizardOfOss]

Good video again! Dare I say we need more big, old school, catastrophic engine failures? I actually love that this season reliability isn't a given, even for the top teams. RBR had their share of problems earlier on in this season, and now Ferrari seems to have some issues. And even when I love to seen them battle it out on the track, just the idea that the car could fail at any moment adds a bit of tension. I started watching F1 in the early 90s, when no race was over until the chequered flag. How many times did we see someone go for a certain victory, only to fail with the finish (almost) in sight? And by the way, back then I was a fan of Jean Alesi, who had his share of mechanical issues...

[@0-Armsauce-0]

Agreed. Nearly perfect reliability is part of what made Mercedes' dominance so dull.

[@safwanahmed5592]

@@0-Armsauce-0 mercedes still reliable as hell though

[@WizardOfOss]

@@safwanahmed5592 reliable yes, but not dominant anymore. And while they seem to be improving, big question is if they can catch up with RBR and Ferrari without sacrificing at least some of that reliability.

[@safwanahmed5592]

@@WizardOfOss Considering how they've dominated I wouldn't be surprised if they do.

[@phsycresconquest6636]

I remember seeing jenson button have a top end faliure right before the line. Said line would have given his first win (if I remember correctly)

[@LPChipi]

Love the data!! This channel is always awesome at breaking down complex concepts to the layman. Just a bit of constructive criticism, maybe consider a quick transition when moving to sponsors, as it is a bit jarring/confusing when moving from one topic from another without missing a beat. Not a big deal, for sure, just wanted to give my 2 cents. Keep up the great work!!

[@bfromthed]

Great video! Only one small gripe. Pistons probably belong in bottom end as they're connected to the rods.

[@Kiyolani]

Thank you. This immediately bothered me as well.

[@Llamacowking99]

Makes a lot of sense, I remember seeing him hit the brakes almost immediately as the failure hit coming up the straight, light white smoke trailing after a few seconds, and as he came to a stop the bodywork popped and that must have been the turbo finally grenading which sparked the fire. Scarbs you're a legend as always.

[@quackhouseproductions5572]

Spotting which engines were about to let go was part of the fun in 90s F1

[@jordanvega9441]

Can we can more reviews on each F1 Race please?!?!? You guys make great content and do great content on F1 races, I need MORE content for each race covering all the controversies for each weekend. No one does it like you guys! Keep up the Great Work!!!

[@Leomoschetti]

It would be fun to have the audio from each failure. But I guess it could infringe copyright or something. Awesome work guys Congrats

[@job1bf]

did I see roller main bearings? if so, I would love to hear more about those!

[@TimPaddy]

Same. This video covered general ICE failures. I want to know about those crazy bearings and other wizardry!

[@davidb6576]

I am *pretty* sure that F1 engines of this generation use plain bearings for the mains and rods. And surely if roller or needle they wouldn't be of the design used for illustration, which is a more "heavy/slow" capacity, not high speed. The bearing assembly shown is not radially uniform, and would not support the loads equally during rotation. It's also heavy and bulky, two things that are anathema in racing engine design.

[@ilham7345]

@Stem Artin afaik, plain bearings has the lowest friction the higher the oil pressure

[@99EKjohn]

@Stem Artin You'd still end up with the crank floating on a film of oil even with roller bearings. Also while a roller bearing, like a wheel bearing, is better at handling force than a ball bearing, like a skateboard bearing, their capacity to handle force is minuscule compared to a thrust type bearing. I can practically guarantee neither the crank nor cam bearings are roller bearings. They just wont take the forces needed and you're definitely not getting away with splash lubrication at 12k rpm. Roller bearing also will generate more friction and heat then a thrust type bearing at those rpms. Thrust bearings are high load/ high rpm, Roller bearings are high load/ low rpm, ball bearings are low load/ high rpm. Please don't attempt to spread misinformation.

[@crazyrobots845]

I'm surprised you didn't mention the visible "pop" of the body panel when sainz's exploded. Brundle was impressed

[@NZZ_988]

Good idea of giving us information driver 61. Keep it up!

[@cukcuk4667]

Someone, please get Scarbs a freakin mic!

[@fletch9702]

Sky need an audio sample of Murray Walker excitedly saying "and he's blown a turbo!!!!"

[@joseespinoza2687]

Ferrari engineers taking notes watching this video "Oh mo dio, olio!! I knew we were missing something. Quick tell the guys back at the factory to put that in ".🤦

[@RangieNZ]

I'm pretty sure pistons are 'bottom end'. When you talk about rebuilding a 'bottom end', it's basically everything below the head gasket.

[@bc-guy852]

First time I like the Sponsor bit - as much as the video! Happy Birthday Lord Jackson! Well Done team!

[@prezzie1]

I think I would be disappointed if I got that gift for my birthday 🤣. Good video as always

[@kennethbyington516]

Thank you. LOVE this Channel, LOVE the explanations and finally I love your guests from time to time with technical real life experiences explaining different situations. 🙏🙏🙃🙏🙏

[@DonBarracuda117]

Top end failure sounds like when you can't handle your drink. Bottom end failure sounds like when you have a dodgy curry! hot hot hot hot!

[@andreschumann7327]

Please can you make a video about the importance of tyres? Compounds, how they affect the strat, how racers look after their tyres etc.?

[@chrisallen3702]

First picture of a "bottom end failure" at 4:07 looks like run away pre ignition melting through the piston. That appears to have liberated large amounts of metal that have bounced around and taken out an intake valve, but has continued to run for a decent amount of time after the failure. Always fun trying to work out what failed first when the driver keeps trying to drive after it has clearly got a major issue 😅

[@Diabnab]

Great explanation, thanks Scott & Scarbs!

[@adcampo7601]

Question, when Sainz was rolling off the track, there was a clear explosion that occurred under the cover. That looked more like a turbo breaking apart.

[@jacksonschene2727]

I was wondering who else saw that! I was really hoping for an explanation in this video. It was a big enough “bang” to crack the side of the side-pod open….

[@pauls5745]

ya, if oiling failed heat would cause the housing to fail, shaft spins out of kilter and pow! compressed fuel/air + burning metal shards

[@8thlvlMage]

Good point, but also none of that was a question.

[@mariapires7170]

And this is the engine which is fitted in the new LMDh? for 6 and 24h races in tne WEC and in the US/IMSA?Realy?

[@badboymorales]

Sainz was a battery failure or mguk or something electrical because it was exploding. With charle it was 100 percent turbo because we heard it from the on board the way higher whining after the turbo blew.

[@DirkFedermann]

Why did you say basically the same what Graig Scarborough JUST SAID in his part? And you even got it wrong with the oil smoke. Oil => Blue smoke Water => White smoke These things should be caught at the latest in the edit.

[@Annunaki_0517]

Splitting hairs perhaps, but aren’t the pistons and connecting rods part of the bottom end, not the top end?

[@MrKylev35]

Interesting... I've been a licensed automotive technician for a number of years, been in the trade for longer, as well as have built a couple of custom engines and I've never heard anyone refer to pistons as being part of the top end of an I.C.E. Everyone I've ever conversed with about the subject, even machine shops and automotive engineers, consider anything contained within the engine block to be bottom end (even though the pistons often stick above the deck when they are higher compression they are still mostly in the bore as well as connected and part of the rotating assembly). Perhaps There is a bit of a difference amongst the common agreement in either my western world vs. Euro nations or maybe between road vehicles/low level racing series vs. elite level motorsports such as F1? Can anyone elaborate for me?

[@benjaminrogers9848]

I did think that was a bit strange. Top end equals above combustion chamber imo

[@t1995roger10]

Yeah, I thought bottom end was all the stuff that directly or indirectly mounts to the block: oil pick-up, pistons, rods, crank and all the bearings that are associated with those parts as well... And the top end was stuff like the head, valaves, cams and etc on the engine

[@harrywatts1258]

Just building an engine for myself at the moment and would agree with you I’d always heard of pistons being part of the bottom end

[@DF-et4gs]

I have always heard the rotating assembly as being in the bottom end. Pistons, connecting rods, etc.

[@badger3356]

I love this channel. Simplified for us simpletons. Thank you

[@lestendsouza9395]

Top notch graphics... Kudos to the editing Team

[@chxviilsx]

Great video, love learning more from this channel

[@mikewilliams1479]

Happy Birthday Lord Jackson Brooksby! Sainz was very unlucky this weekend. But we prayer things get better for him.

[@zam6877]

Marvelous! So educational. Now I want to look at more videos that break down different aspects of F1 Best compliment I can make 😌

[@U_C_G]

Fucking hell that sponsor is such a scam. Owning a plot of land doesnt make you an actual lord

[@MrKinach]

Thank you for the vid, Lord Jackson!!

[@MurderSTi]

The pistons are directly connected to the connecting rods that when are attached to the crankshaft make up the rotating assembly. The rotating assembly is in the shortblock, making this bottom end. Pistons are not part of the top end. Top end is heads, valvetrain, and cams.

[@Sam-kx7jc]

Here’s a question related to the Carlos Sainz’s breakdown: It was quite scary how he struggled to get out of the burning car as the car kept rolling backwards. Why do F1 cars not have an emergency handbrake to hold the car in such emergencies?

[@adhikaseta9502]

the one time internal combustion engine decide to be external combustion engine

[@nekot9274]

There is no bearing in a turbo, no bearing can sustain those rpm. Instead there is a oil ring that do the bearing. And usually, this is where the failure happen, this "oil bearing" leak, and then one of two thing happen, either the turbo burst and bits of it goes into the engine air intake wreaking havock, or the turbo consume all the oil of the engine who end up failing due to lack of lubrification (actually a very common cause for low engine failure).

[@JaDanBar97]

The FIA needs to do something about a handbrake system... because when Sainz tried to exit the car (WHICH WAS ON FIRE) and he couldn't because the car kept rolling that was EXTREMELY dangerous

[@Koksta1972]

If you look at the rerun closely, the moment Sainz goes into the run-off area, just above the yellow Shell, you'll see the bodywork cracking, immediately followed by fire.

[@chacetiger]

Happy birthday Lord Jackson! Keep up the great content

[@AnthonyPuca]

Why didn’t you cover why Sainz’s car had that explosion? They replayed it in slow motion. Why would a turbo blowing lead to such a rapid fire and an explosion that blew apart the body panels?

[@oldred9122]

Interesting you consider pistons as part of the top end. I would say they're bottom end, but it's just semantics.

[@Babishabascule]

Found it weird as well. Bottom end as far as I'm concerned is anything below the cylinder head.

[@MotoVloggedOUT]

This guys a KZbinr, not a mechanic or engineer.

[@danylodrohobytsky9859]

You make great videos, but the ads are too long! Oh well. Happy birthday Jakson!!

[@rbgosling]

Great video. Now, if anyone doesn’t understand what my job is, I can just point them to this video and say that my job is to make sure this doesn’t happen. I’m a Mechanical Simulation Engineer for Mercedes at the Brixworth factory.

[@ACatKrom]

Pistons are part of the bottom end, or shortblock, along with the crank, rods, and block (crankcase). Top end would be heads and valve train

[@sastasundarsafar6450]

Thank for the explanation it helps alot, I am no racer but it changes how I think about my bike or car.

[@LeeMooEez]

Part literally spitted out from the exhaust when the failure initially occur and when he on his way to park the car right before he stop..his sidepod literally almost ripped when something suddenly explode inside and the sidepod cover literally catching the projectile from escaping further

[@gregrowe1168]

I think its more amazing they don't explode more often. That much boost combined with insane rpms and tons of heat, I'm surprised that there aren't at least 20% of the field out each race with engine failure. Happens a lot more in Nascar and those engines don't make nearly as much power and no turbos.

[@gabinutastoica]

Love this channel!

[@aldreiestanque3363]

Thank you for explaining more scarbs but for me its better when scott explain

[@EmersonTelevision]

For our editor's birthday, we got our viewers an ad.

[@FormulaJuann]

It would be great to know which failure will cost a team the most amount of money/ what parts are usually scrapped vs inspected and rebuilt to spec!

[@bobthegoat7090]

From pure logic, I would imagine a turbo is the cheapest. You could maybe salvage very little from a top failure if you are very lucky, but probably not in F1, but a bottom failure would ruin the engine. This is just me being logical, and I am no mechanic.

[@gabormiklay9209]

Fiery turbos were a thing in the 80's in F1.

[@mouradmaghroud7963]

thx for the video, so informative!

[@peterruiz6117]

"Now, Tom, when the tachometer reads FOURTEEN THOUSAND RPM....THATS BAD...." "But, I can do ANYTHING with a race car"

[@MrPrajitura]

Surprised you didn’t mention the actual explosion, that was pretty violent. So based on what you’re saying, that explosion was actually the turbo literally blowing to bits? It’s a good thing it blew up while the car was rolling, can you imagine that explosion happening when Sainz was trying to get out of the car?

[@MakerSpaceDK]

i love how you tell the storie then you have another guy tell it and by god you then tell it one more time good way to get the time close to 10 min´s for those double add´s.

[@MrPuddles3331]

Did Scott and Scarbs get the exact same script on this one?

[@noconsent]

In this video you showed a lot of smoke/fire that happened because of hydraulic failures. I know it isn't an engine exploding, so technically not the subject of the video, but if you are going to show 50 photos of hydraulic failure while talking about engines exploding; you'd figure it'd at least get an honorable mention.

[@thegregdavieschannel]

A great example for bottom end failure was vettles red bull at the first Korean gp.

[@andyharman3022]

Was that the one where you could see pistons bouncing down the track? I loved that one.

[@gringostarr69]

Hmm. I have bought some bottles of my favorite whiskey Laphroiag that comes with a square foot as in a bottle. Or at least used to come. So that makes me a Finnish-Scottish lord. Never thought about it like that. Nice video. The old engine explosions with DFV's were sometimes quite dangerous. It lucky that no one ever got a piston, peace of cylinder head or a valve to their helmet's.. Remember an old documentary where williams was exporing one of their engines from early 80's and the piston had almost complete killed itself and they were lucky and happy that Keke was ok after that.. I think it was caused by a valve rocker that started the proses.. Then it lead to piston ring breaking and after that coming through the head and boring itself to fiberglass body they used back then.

[@caelorcatesme6200]

Well. Happy birthday Jackson

[@just_some_bigfoot_hacking_you]

"And if you're a Ferrari engineer, you might want to listen." LOL, priceless.

[@MiiDev69]

Driver61: "And then, the turbo... we know what that is" Me: No, I don't know what that is.

[@thabs2001]

Yes! Been waiting for this. Love from South Africa

[@JakeM218]

What Sainz on one of his older engines in Austria? I know they tend to swap to the newest ones in the pool for power tracks, but older engines for handling tracks. What sort of a track is Austria?

[@Jejking]

Is there anything Scarbs does NOT know? I'm always pleasantly surprised

[@matthewstaten5683]

Always enjoy the videos you two do together. Is it possible to make a video on how the cost cap is overlooked as it seems Red Bull bring multiple upgrades to each race. It doesn't seem to be keeping the teams closer together as far as competitiveness thanks and keep up the great work!

[@redexpman]

Happy Birthday Jackson!

[@TimPaddy]

This didn't feel very F1 specific, it all pretty much sounded the same as normal highly tuned car engine failures. Would love to see more on breaking down F1 ICE's. Those bearing pictures you shared looked crazy, nothing like I've seen on typical engines.

[@TimPaddy]

Maybe even a history of ICE's in F1? I've never been able to comprehend how they spun the old engines so fast.

[@fruschikante1939]

@@TimPaddy The high rpm are mainly enabled by having very wide bore and very short stroke. this reduces piston speeds and the resulting g forces which destroy the engine. plus probably 150 details i didnt mention

[@Appletank8]

the failures sound the same probably because they're still fundamentally the same components, only with much higher precision and smaller limits before catastrophic failure.

[@mariomurillo2353]

Very informative video

[@ThomasFilbert]

This video is like when the teacher gives you a really high word count for an essay, so you repeat everything to hit the word count

[@mitchrich6]

Amazing to learn all this

[@PKSeven]

Coincidentally a bottom end failure is also what happens to the driver when his car encounters a turbo failure.

[@andyharman3022]

The YT algorithm has a sense of humor: appearing in my feed is a video titled "How a nuclear bomb works".

[@agaveazultech]

Happy Birthday Jackson!!!

[@Ceece20]

In case anyone wanted to question why jewelry is banned, the risk of flames and explosions is the reason its banned. It’s not arbitrary the rule exists, it’s only arbitrary that FIA didn’t enforce it until recently. But the rule has existed for years, it is not new and all drivers should have known it.

[@gordonwallin2368]

Cheers from the Pacific West Coast of Canada.

[@mattg5852]

Being a cnc machinist, I wonder what sort of tolerances of flatness the engines have for the mating surfaces of the top end.

[@kaylinosprey3306]

Finally a sponsorship that isn't directly connected to money laundering.

[@therealCelticViking]

Totally disagree on Carlos' engine failure. This was clearly a conrod blasting through the block. In my 20 years as an engine rebuilder i never saw a turbo explode, sending bits though te bodywork. Also blue smoke in a lot of cases is a piston dying.

[@BlackNitro99]

I think that it was a mixture of a turbo failure and a bottom end because I think that the turbo ruptured the oil cooling line to itself and the lack of oil caused a bottom end failure also.

[@therealCelticViking]

@@BlackNitro99 turbos on these engines are hardwired, so I doubt it. Leclerc's DNF was clearly a seizing turbo though.

[@99EKjohn]

@@therealCelticVikingA 20 year engine builder calling a hard oil line, hardwired? Not saying you're not a good NA builder but how much experience do you really have with forced induction? Hard lines will fatigue crack, which will lead to a larger hole forming or a complete failure, which will cause low-no oil pressure, leading to a completely scrap motor. F1 turbos are also water cooled so it's also possible for a coolant line to rupture and for the engine and turbo to go that way.

[@hambone7777777]

Crazy con rods, haven't seen that before. Nice

[@drewncars9505]

Pistons are bottom end. Generally anything inside the block is bottom end unless it’s a pushrod engine then it’s up for debate whether or not the cam is still top end or not

[@lucagubernati4695]

I would have loved some audio examples for this one.

[@toolman9081]

Only in F1 are the pistons considered part of the "top end". The rest of the automotive world considers the pistons, rods, crankshaft and block to be the "bottom end"

[@Spudchucker92]

I think one of the nastiest sounding engine failures I've heard was Max Verstappen's in China 2015, where it seized on the start/finish straight. You could actually hear the crunching and grinding before it locked up. Horrible to listen to.

[@GardFiring]

nice vid, but didn't we see parts flying off Sainz's engine and the covers being blown out? (in the replay from the rear/side of the car) That sounds like a turbo completely disintegrating, but the amount of FOD would indicate that it took something more with it?

[@foxtrot789]

Nice vid, although I'm sure it's because of F1 licensing, but it sure would have been nice to hear or see the specific failures taking place...

[@timzy4395]

You can see in Austria that parts coming out of the exhaust with white smoke too, so it had to have been the turbo destroying itself, I think the turbo spooled higher than normal at that point causing it to fail. Then I suspect the side pod damage could've been the turbo parts impacting the MGU-K causing the battery to explode and lead to the huge fire. I think every time the fire is a battery fire, on the onboard the fire is almost pinkish rather than pure orange. Perez in Bahrain 2020 and Carlos in Austria are good examples but I might be wrong on that.

[@alan_davis]

Not a battery fire.

[@MrFenrir1000]

can we get a video on gearbox failures next?

[@gandalf_thegrey]

I don't know much all im knowing is when a car loses power and smoke comes out of the back you can be certain that engine gets thrown out asap

[@TrevorDennis100]

I hadn't known that F1 turbos separate the hot and cold sides with a shaft like we see in the video. It's obvious when you see it and think about it. Do they still use intercoolers? I imagine they must do.