Why is the island of Borneo divided?

Borneo, the third largest island in the world after Greenland and New Guinea, is divided into three countries: Indonesia, Malaysia, and the small Sultanate of Brunei. The Philippines claim the eastern part of Sabah, a Malaysian state previously known as North Borneo, but that case is still disputed.
But why is the island divided?
For starters, there is no real "Bornean" identity. The island is home to many different ethnic groups: Malay, Chinese, and Banjar, just to name a few. So there isn’t anything pushing it together.
And as for the borders of the countries, Malaysia and Brunei were formerly part of the British Empire, while Indonesia was part of the Dutch Empire, and when the era of colonialism ended, the newly formed countries adopted the old borders drawn by the empires.

[@blackzexel9827]

"Why is the island of Borneo divided" the answer as always: Europe 🤷‍♂️

[@zacktrollface4925]

"Its all start when Bri-"

[@segevkrespi8609]

The thing is, this might be the only place where this isn't a problem. Why? Cuz there isn't really one strong Borneon identity. So this is not a case like say, the Kurds being forced to live in 4 different countries because of Britain making a mess with the borders

[@Bellax06]

Its always the british

[@markjosephbacho5652]

It's always the Brits. See what they did with Cyprus, Israel/Palestine, India/Pakistan, etc.

[@segevkrespi8609]

@@markjosephbacho5652 I get the other two but what does Cyprus has to do with this? the Island was divided because of Greek on Turkish violence which led to the Turkish invasion

[@vincenttt8289]

Correction: Sabah is not claimed by the entire Philippine nation but by the descendants of the Sultanate of Sulu, who leased the territory to the British

[@4shadow894]

The Datu in Sulu let Malaysians rent Sabah before British Colonization started.

[@slimyday2738]

​@@4shadow894 malaysia didnt even exist during that.What you smoking😂

[@macgeraldbugay9647]

but the Sulu Sultan itself has already forwarded their territorial claim to the Philippine Government in 1962 as the negotiator for the Sabah claim so it means Philippines has also the right to claim Sabah..

[@bigcrowe9573]

​@Hope Lope im trying to be neutral but im confused if malaysia rents sabah, owns it because the british or sulu gave it to them. Different soucres and people say different things. Hard to get proper facts

[@merickclare]

​@@bigcrowe9573 Dont believw Hope Lee. He is a paid propagandist and troll by Malaysian. As you may know, Malaysia financed rebellion in the Philippines during 1970s and 1980s to weaken the central government.

[@mapeditorjon5306]

As a person from Borneo thx for the video! Also small fact: When the Japanese took control of the whole of Borneo in WWII, it was the only time when the island was fully unified under a single rule

[@roejogan2693]

Hmm maybe the Japanese weren't so bad after all 🤔 /s

[@northwesteastsouth7437]

@@roejogan2693 wtf you know how many people in borneo killed by japanese army?

[@adityaajit2120]

@@roejogan2693 yeah they were just worse, thanks to 'merica for showing them their worth in 1945

[@grandmasteryoda6929]

​@@roejogan2693 the Japanese were way more horrible than the British what do you mean

[@roejogan2693]

@@grandmasteryoda6929 the "/s" at the end means my comment is sarcastic.

[@AnthonyBoile]

Borneo is a very large island, it never had a united identity, each ethnic groups like Malays, Banjars, Dusuns, Melanaus, Idahans, Tidungs, Kutais, Berau, Bulungans etc all have their own kingdoms. The Indigenous "Dayaks" (not a single ethnic group) also have their own territories and identities. There are hundreds of languages and dialects spoken there. Not to mention the island used to have a strong headhunting tradition.

[@dzulfadli5219]

Chinese in borneo is come from China everyone knows that

[@mybraintalks]

Exactly..it is really weird to put Chinese as one of the identity or Borneo.

[@amitabha629]

can you just walk from Indonesia to Malaysia?

[@nislilacs8421]

​@@amitabha629 yep😂

[@aqimjulayhi8798]

@@amitabha629I used to work as an Uber driver in a Malaysian Borneo town and I’ve sent a tourist to the Brunei border where he literally just walked through.

[@betel1geuse]

Fun fact: The island of Borneo is the only island divided into three countries! Cool video as always, keep up the work!

[@fortyfive_]

it's the only island divided into 3 sovereign states, Great Britain is devided by England Scotland and Wales, which are technically countries

[@ThisAlias]

Cyprus?

[@fortyfive_]

@@ThisAlias Cyprus is divided between 4, Cyprus, Northern Cyprus, Britain, and the UN buffer zone, but only Cyprus is a country, the rest are euther territories or unrecognized states

[@8is]

@@fortyfive_ The UN isn't a country, the other three are, whether we like it or not.

[@fortyfive_]

@@8is i never said the UN was a country, Northern Cyprus is only recognized by Türkiye, and Akrotiri and Dhekelia are territories

[@someone-pi8zu]

"why is the borneo island divided?" because bri-

[@berdzor4241]

As a Bornean, If we had not been colonized by Europe, there would have been more countries and kingdoms on the island of Borneo, There were the sultanates of Sarawak, Brunei and Sulu on the Malaysian and Brunei sides of Borneo . And there were the sultanates of Sambas, Pontianak, Sekadau, Sanggau, Sintang, Tanjungpura, Kotawaringin, Banjar, Tanah Bumbu, Kusan, Sadurengas, Kutai, Sambaliung, Gunung Tabur, Bulungan, Tidung, and other kingdoms on the Indonesian side of Borneo. So, being colonized by Europe is not always a bad thing, if we weren't colonized by Europe then we wouldn't have united one island into one country.

[@AmateurDigitalArtist]

It started from Fall of Malacca Sultanate-

[@yukifrost9174]

For us it's Brunei broo​@@AmateurDigitalArtist

[@BurcasLurton]

It starts when kingdoms appear all over Borneo

[@edwardanusievici1791]

Can we agree it all the British fault?

[@roejogan2693]

No

[@segevkrespi8609]

not really, unlike other places where the Brits ruled and made a mess, the island of Borneo being divided isn't really a problem

[@Savantastic]

The divided island is not mess because Dutch create the border, i guarantee without Dutch help the border will be mess too

[@markjosephbacho5652]

Yes

[@ankokunokayoubi]

Colonizers fault

[@donovanjonker4701]

Borneo is the third largest islamd in the world behind greenland and new guinea. Australia : hold my beer

[@roejogan2693]

It's a continent

[@K3rrJu5t1n]

@@roejogan2693 yes

[@morth1315]

@@roejogan2693 Australia is part of Oceania

[@Mandylandyinnebandy]

@@roejogan2693 it’s not

[@Zuooerr]

It's technically not an island

[@number191]

Long live sabah 🇲🇾

[@bearmemes4762]

I love Sabah 🇲🇾

[@animexsenpai7909]

Because of Europe! But As SABAHAN I denied to be a Philippines

[@junnelpepito5161]

It doesn't belong to you, it belongs to the Sultanate of Sulu and they want it to be part of the Philippines, you're living on stolen land

[@Johor-Malaysian]

🇲🇾:Mantap bang,Salam dari Johor! 🇬🇧:Nice bro, Greetings from Johor!

[@BurcasLurton]

You need to learn history, Borneo was divided because the Natives kingdoms didn't unite Borneo and they divide it till this day

[@animexsenpai7909]

@@BurcasLurton brunei empire ruling whole borneo back then dude, why it can be separated and not united

[@LandDayak496]

After the Second World War, British rule in Sarawak was only 17 years old and got independence day in 1963 Before the second world war, Sarawak was indeed a country from 1842 to 1946 we have king James Brook from England who was the first person to become the head of the government of Sarawak Greetings from the state of Sarawak, Malaysia remember this [🖤❤️💛+🏴󠁧󠁢󠁥󠁮󠁧󠁿+👑=kingdom of Sarawak]

[@henryroldan2051]

Sarawak and Sabah should be returned back to Indonesia and the Philippines respectively.

[@ابنحسن-ز3غ]

King James Brooke... 🤣🤣🤣 Kasihan Rentap, penat2 lawan Brooke, cucu cicitnya iktiraf pendatang jadi raja... 🤣🤣🤣

[@thela255]

​@@henryroldan2051 the issue with Philippines is due to a treaty "Sudah kuredhai pajakkan dengan keredhaan dan kesukaan kita sendiri kepada tuan (name and place of living)" This whole phrase is in Malay. Which in native tongue translates to Aku rela dan ikhlas (reluctantly) memajak (exchanging something of value) kepada tuan (the name) For example: "pajak tanah" can mean "jual tanah" "Sampai lama-lamanya sekalian perintah dan kuasa yang kita punya yang takluk kepada kita di tanah besar pulau borneo" In standard malay, this can be rephrase to Sampai bila-bila (or to say forever) kalian (translate to "you guys") memerintah dan kawal kita punya yang kita takluk untuk kita sendiri (there are some unnecessary words here so that's why the translations are oddly long) di tanah besar iaitu pulau borneo Also note that the sulu sultanate only ever controlled the eastern part of sabah in history unless the western part is completely unloyal to the Sultan. Quote: "dari Sungai Pandasan di sebelah barat sampai sepanjang semua tanah di pantai sebelah timur sejauh Sungai Sibuku di sebelah selatan". Moving on, "tiadalah boleh sekali-sekali kuasa dan perintah yang dikeredhai dalam pajakan ini diberi atau ditukarkan kepada lain bangsa atau kompeni daripada bangsa asing kalau tiada dengan keredhaan perintah bawah duli Queen terlebih dahulu. " Simplify it, Tidak boleh sekali-kali/sesekali kuasa dan perintah yang diberi/kurnia dalam pajakan/jualan/borongan/lolongan (or something that is basically an exchanging/trading deal) diberi atau ditukarkan kepada bangsa/orang lain kalau tiada keizinan bawah duli Queen terlebih dahulu Keyword in these 2 pages are "selama-lamanya kalian perintah" This means that this land was supposedly given permanently to the two named men. So it would most likely refer to selling the land instead of renting it. Unless someone is weird enough to rent a land forever (trust me, that's just insane) Now, the 2nd page The whole thing is saying that the administration power over the land (parts of sabah) must never be transfered into the hands of anyone else or some company if the Queen doesn't allow it. The handing of Sabah to Malaysia is with the Queen's blessing so I don't see anything wrong. Madrid protocol is just the spanish transferring the whole of sabah to the brits In 1903, some islands were confirmed by the sultan personally to be given to the british. But they decided to up the price and the Brits accepted it since they thought it's to buy those confirmed islands So that's what started this whole mess Basically the sulu Sultans abusing the possible different meanings of some malay words (pajakkan and such) The original writer of the content is no longer around thus meant nobody really knows what the writer thought when using that word. Despite this, there are tons of other phrases that supports the claim of it actually being sold instead of being lense to "selama-lamanya" already means forever or permanent. That would most likely mean sold or gave away and there is no way to get it back. And don't go telling me to redo my malay Thus meant Malaysia didn't even do anything wrong Now, Indonesia does not have any treaty tying it to Kalimantan The only thing you can claim is the lower Kalimantan since it's Dutch colony However, the northern part of Borneo was part of the Brunei Sultanate. Sarawak was given from the Raj to the British Crown after ww2 So there's nothing for Indonesia to claim here

[@LandDayak496]

@@ابنحسن-ز3غ Lord James Brooke treaty good with tribe rentap that why we love him like a king

[@LandDayak496]

​@@ابنحسن-ز3غ you can't blame sir james brooke who did it the first person who went hire sir james brooke to cripple rentap was malay brunei!

[@amxwarestudios]

I understand its a short, but some context, Brunei was once a huge empire controlling the northern coastline of Borneo from the entirety of Sarawak to Sabah (North Borneo) which is why Sarawak and Sabah does not have a Sultan. Edit: the empire also covered Sulu

[@tumao_kaliwat_napulo]

Brunei also occupied Manila during the time before the Spanish colonized it...

[@Raymund38TVM]

Dude if you look the map of Ferdinand Magellan and Map of British Empire, Sabbah is part of Sulu bro meaning Sultan of Sulu is also the Sultan of Sabbah, that is a fault of the Queen of Britain Queen Elizabeth the First during the Colonization of Spain to the Philippines, Spain is under controlled Sabbah then Britain win against Spanish in Sabbah, when British left sabbah they giving back the controlled of Sabbah to Brunei since Philippines is under controlled by Spanish Empire we are not claimed that land for many years to Brunei because Brunei is much stronger claimed to the Philippines during the Sultanate era, then when Brunei wants to Turn Over the land they Turn Over it not to the Philippines but to Malaysia?? But why?? Philippines is much stronger claimed to Malaysia, because of the Sultan of Sulu. Philippines are win in United Nation not only once but 5x but Malaysian not wants to left Sabbah, so United Nation offered to the Philippines that Malaysian Government paid Sabbah to the Sultan of Sulu.

[@najmi9602]

Sarawak Have Kings tho 😅

[@najmi9602]

​@@Raymund38TVMnot to be rude but did you even ask the population, where did they want to live?

[@amxwarestudios]

@@najmi9602 Before the White Rajahs (James Brooke), Sultanate of Sarawak was ruled by a Bruneian Sultan. Edit: my point being the kings and sultans of Sarawak has been abolished, previously ruled by a Bruneian Sultanate which is why they don't currently have any sultans/kings unlike other Malaysian states.

[@KaneTran0000]

"why is the island/continent/country/ divi-" "Ok, it's all start from the British"

[@JamesDelanoMcCarthysecondacc]

Learn history it was started by those natives they can't unite the Island

[@grayscale888]

Malaysia exploiting resources in their bornean side but doesn't want to create good investments for the people who lives there 💀

[@ezrowne2636]

Sabah Sarawak need to be independent soon ...

[@m.taqrish4977]

​@@ezrowne2636 why? The cannot live even in 1 month Cuz *cough* *cough* Philippines

[@JamesDelanoMcCarthysecondacc]

​@@m.taqrish4977 Sarawak was indepenece since 1841 to 1946

[@A.A1891]

​​@@m.taqrish4977Sarawak is always ready to be independent but Sabah? I dunno man. I think Sabah and Sarawak should be one country. let's just name this country Borneo Union. and their capital would be Kuching. Their official language would be English. And they should try copy the Swedish political and economical system. Borneo Union's closest ally would be Brunei. and their enemy is most likely Sulu militants.

[@jeniusguy3540]

​@@A.A1891Sarawak is always ready for that, they've prepared it since the Brook Dynasty

[@nurhaqim7159]

Sabah isn't under dispute of both countries. It more a case of descendants of dead Sultanate try to claim a state that volunteering into Malaysia

[@haha-nz8pw]

Everyone keep saying Brunei once ruled the entire island, but that's not the truth. Don't forget that the southern part of the island ruled by the Kingdom of Banjar.

[@BurcasLurton]

Brunei probably ruled banjar but hilly areas are not under Brunei

[@mustaadtheguy]

Brunei ruled the entire COAST not the more inland areas

[@meowy_luffy]

Philippines: gib me sabah

[@suhaimibinedris]

China: give me philippines

[@bsitp]

Sabah is part of the Philippines.

[@koolcrocYT]

I'm Sabahan, why do I see Malaysian flags?

[@suhaimibinedris]

keep on dreaming

[@rinnakahara3653]

This pag pag country just dreaming, we're sabahan will never be part of the poorest country in southeast Asia, slum country, dirty street and stuck in the political dynasty. Better advice your government to take care your people.

[@pelancong_virtual]

It is clear why Sabah was able to enter Malaysian territory in the past, the existence of the two countries occupies about 20% on the Indonesian island of Borneo

[@黛字书法]

like how people keep on asking bout Australia，it is a damn continent😂😂😂 if Aus is a island, then Antarctica, the whole America continent, even Eurasia+Africa will be a huge island then😅, there will be no continent exist in this logic

[@donbrashsux]

Such a beautiful place to travel around .. I’ve done 2 trips of Sabah and Sarawak as well and they were building the pan Borneo highway project .. amazing 👍🙏

[@HisMajestyKingPantoniusDSecond]

Sabah was never part of the Philippines. It was part of the former Sultanate of Sulu. All the agreements and contracts was made between the Sulu sultanate and Malaysia, not the Philippines.

[@Raymund38TVM]

No bro since Sultante of Sulu is a Filipino who owned Sabbah??? Sultanate of Sulu wants Sabbah to controlled by Government of the Philippines and not Government of Malaysia, but this is already settled in the United Nation, Malaysian Government need to Pay Sultanate of Sulu not for the land but for renting the land of Sabbah that part of Sulu and after 50 years Malaysia need to turn over Sabbah to the Philippines.

[@thela255]

​@@Raymund38TVMIt was the ignorant Filipinos that are in denial "Sudah kuredhai pajakkan dengan keredhaan dan kesukaan kita sendiri kepada tuan (name and place of living)" This whole phrase is in Malay. Which in native tongue translates to Aku rela dan ikhlas (reluctantly) memajak (exchanging something of value) kepada tuan (the name) For example: "pajak tanah" can mean "jual tanah" "Sampai lama-lamanya sekalian perintah dan kuasa yang kita punya yang takluk kepada kita di tanah besar pulau borneo" In standard malay, this can be rephrase to Sampai bila-bila (or to say forever) kalian (translate to "you guys") memerintah dan kawal kita punya yang kita takluk untuk kita sendiri (there are some unnecessary words here so that's why the translations are oddly long) di tanah besar iaitu pulau borneo Also note that the sulu sultanate only ever controlled the eastern part of sabah in history unless the western part is completely unloyal to the Sultan. Quote: "dari Sungai Pandasan di sebelah barat sampai sepanjang semua tanah di pantai sebelah timur sejauh Sungai Sibuku di sebelah selatan". Moving on, "tiadalah boleh sekali-sekali kuasa dan perintah yang dikeredhai dalam pajakan ini diberi atau ditukarkan kepada lain bangsa atau kompeni daripada bangsa asing kalau tiada dengan keredhaan perintah bawah duli Queen terlebih dahulu. " Simplify it, Tidak boleh sekali-kali/sesekali kuasa dan perintah yang diberi/kurnia dalam pajakan/jualan/borongan/lolongan (or something that is basically an exchanging/trading deal) diberi atau ditukarkan kepada bangsa/orang lain kalau tiada keizinan bawah duli Queen terlebih dahulu Keyword in these 2 pages are "selama-lamanya kalian perintah" This means that this land was supposedly given permanently to the two named men. So it would most likely refer to selling the land instead of renting it. Unless someone is weird enough to rent a land forever (trust me, that's just insane) Now, the 2nd page The whole thing is saying that the administration power over the land (parts of sabah) must never be transfered into the hands of anyone else or some company if the Queen doesn't allow it. The handing of Sabah to Malaysia is with the Queen's blessing so I don't see anything wrong. Madrid protocol is just the spanish transferring the whole of sabah to the brits In 1903, some islands were confirmed by the sultan personally to be given to the british. But they decided to up the price and the Brits accepted it since they thought it's to buy those confirmed islands So that's what started this whole mess Basically the sulu Sultans abusing the possible different meanings of some malay words (pajakkan and such) The original writer of the content is no longer around thus meant nobody really knows what the writer thought when using that word. Despite this, there are tons of other phrases that supports the claim of it actually being sold instead of being lense to "selama-lamanya" already means forever or permanent. That would most likely mean sold or gave away and there is no way to get it back. And don't go telling me to redo my malay Thus meant Malaysia didn't even do anything wrong

[@aton_14]

But sulu is part of Philippines

[@abysmal_wolf]

Malaysia should never have ceased payments back in 2013 if the agreement had no fixed duration. The British are to blame here. If Malaysia truly wants Sabah, they should never halt their payments unless a new agreement with the Sulu is established. The British signatories who administered the BNBC are to blame here, acting as though they owned the land. Also, the fact that Malaysia never stopped paying until 2013 only indicates that the land was never theirs. Sultunate of Sulu, now part of the Philippines, might win the case.

[@vnj2000]

Finally Britain didn’t make the border a straight line

[@Raymund38TVM]

That is fault of King Charles of Spain and Queen Elizabeth the first of Britain, why our land divided.

[@Tonny-samsunglogo]

Sulawesi: What is that circle!?

[@jar.m]

Philippines: let me innn

[@saadiahkhasmil03]

😂😂😂

[@wisdomelves5838]

Initially Borneo belongs to only one country which is you guessed it, Brunei. In fact the name “Borneo” island is a corrupted form of the Kingdom of Brunei given by European explorers and colonists to refer to the kingdom. The same way Bharat is called India and Hellenes is called Greece, Brunei is called Borneo. Malaysia and Indonesia are recently formed countries. And Chinese aren’t native to Brunei/Borneo in fact Chinese are immigrants aliens to the island. Only Malay-Polynesians such as Malays, Dayaks, Banjars, Bajaus, Ibans, Kadazans, Muruts, Penans, Kelabits, etc are the original inhabitants of Brunei a.k.a. modern Borneo.

[@Nayar_Sultana]

"Why is the Island of Borneo divided?" "Colonialism"

[@JamesDelanoMcCarthysecondacc]

Not real, it was divided by kingdoms, they can't unite a single Island

[@KhaiFirst]

Philippine claim sabah? okay.. china claim Philippine

[@suhaimibinedris]

hahahah!

[@ae-Michael]

Sabah have never part of Philippines.

[@jerryhillmana3237]

man thank you 15b dollar become philippines rich supre Alhamdullilah

[@Tally-MMall]

​@@jerryhillmana3237 hahahaha malaysia won the court

[@beastmood6635]

​@@Tally-MMall really? Hahaha malaysia never win the court they don't even attend the hearings in the court 😅😅. Scared malaysia the next province of china

[@beastmood6635]

It's not from philippines but it was owned by sulu. Malaysia Rent it and pay sulu for renting sabah until they stop paying in 2013. That's why sulu run it to court because malaysia is very greedy and it is a poor state of malaysia 😂

[@hotdogskt8302]

@@Tally-MMall yo Sultanate of Sulu win the court and malaysia reject it

[@Xi.jin-.Poooooh]

Peninsula Malaysia is a province of China while Sarawak is part of Indonesia and sabah is a territory of Brunei and Philippines.

[@saadmahimi7537]

Borneo is a beautiful island , but sadly Thnk for the Information tho 😁

[@C.I.MSossa]

theres already 2 court ruling relating on whom really have sovereignty in north borneo

[@ryanhilarioamaiaproperty]

Austrillia:bruh im biger then Borneo that island is small

[@karlbasallote6719]

Sabah seems to be pointing to the Philippines 🇵🇭

[@syazmalaysiafr]

Never 🙄

[@MGharriy]

Sabah is actually pointing to ALBANIA ❤❤❤❤❤❤❤🇦🇱🇦🇱🇦🇱🇦🇱🇦🇱🇦🇱🇦🇱

[@syazmalaysiafr]

@@MGharriy umm what?

[@MGharriy]

@@syazmalaysiafr nahhh not you liking your own comment trying to ratio a joke

[@syazmalaysiafr]

@@MGharriy it is a problem huh? Sabah is Malaysia 🇲🇾 lmao

[@AussieRandomVideos]

Austronesians and chinese are the two group not banjar malay and chinese. Banjar and malay are one people different culture. Dont try and divide. Malays are Austronesians. Austronesians unite. Like Polynesians = maori, samoan tonga etc.

[@genbond7459]

There was a LANGFANG REPUBLIC in Borneo created by "Chinese Mining Communities" in 1777. After conquering and colonising Indonesia the Dutch came across the Langfang Republic in Borneo and conquered and colonised it too in 1884.

[@mentosdesu6888]

It's kinda funny the western give totally different names compared to native ppl named it. They call nusantara as malay archipelago and kalimantan as borneo🤷

[@ProtonSagakedua]

Not always. Sumatra is still the same, Jawa became Java just changed that W to V

[@Kdkdk880rblox]

U forgot also iban people

[@keangwooichoo6138]

Kadazan dusun, dayak

[@Kdkdk880rblox]

Ik

[@ProtonSagakedua]

Ironically, he didn't mention the Dayaks (includes Ibans & Kadazandusuns) as the aborigines of Borneo (although there's a theory whereas Malays also might have originated from Borneo, not Sumatra nor Malay Peninsula, so does the Banjars being a mix of Dayak, Malay, and Javanese)

[@sovietreaper90yearsago92]

proud to be Iban 🙏🏻

[@Worldaffairslover]

I had heard of Borneo in movies, talking about vacation or volunteering in Borneo

[@AnthonyBoile]

Plus Sabah was never owned by the Philippines nor even Sulu. It's a baseless claim

[@beastmood6635]

Baseless claim? Why malaysia pay sulu for sabah until they stop paying it in 2013 😅? If they are the owner of sabah they don't need to pay to sulu because its their territory 🤣. And besides sulu will not claim sabah if they don't have historical claims and documents. Sadly they have it that's why they run after it to the court 😂.

[@grayscale888]

How to divide malaysia 1. Sarawak goes to Indonesia 2. Close the gap between Brunei 3. Sabah goes to Philippines 4. All of the western areas goes to Singapore 5. Enjoy the peace that was blocked by the fake wannabe state of Malaysia (western malaysia would be more developed if Singapore annexes it. Malaysia isn't even doing a great job improving the western side even though Kuala Lumpur is literally there)

[@nurhaqim7159]

​@@beastmood6635 likely to stfu that guy. You know a lot people done this. Even they know it baseless claim, you know something gonna be bad if let it go wild.

[@noelmacatangay4011]

Well…the Sultanate of Sulu has it… I know its hard for you guys but lets accept the fact that Sabah will Soon be divided into two Countries.. Sulu will soon take their portion there😅😅😂

[@UACia]

​@hopelope1703 Philippines can take them to court again, its Marcos now, the son of the dictator who cancelled the invasion of Borneo, annexation to be exact.

[@student6820]

Sabah was not stolen.. it was given by the Aquinos

[@jieeyoh8804]

Such stupidity! No one gave it, malaysian government even funded rebellious groups in Mindanao to steak their claim! Which was not legal on court!

[@fb5709]

This is fact, but sadly not many indonesian know to speak english. So this kind of information cant reach them. Up till now, many indonesian believe that sabah + sarawak which is now under Malaysia is belong to Indonesia. History education in Indonesia is opposite with world history. There is no Anglo - Durch treaty 1814 in their history.

[@haha-nz8pw]

Are you Indonesian ? I mean, the history I learned in school why Sarawak and Sabah become part of Malaysia is because they are the colonies under the British Empire.

[@Me-eq7wx]

​@@haha-nz8pw anda benar di sekolah aku sebagai orang indonesia di ajarkan bahwa wilayah penduduk austronesia (Indonesia, Malaysia, dan brunei) kami tidak bersatu di karenakan bedanya negara yang telah menjajah kami.

[@mz6228]

There no disputed. Sabah is under Malaysia. Their people are Malaysian… Don’t say it still disputed.

[@Notpies]

Number 1 rule in Borneo, don't unite them, just. The deaths aren't worth it.

[@florenzryansotelo8552]

In the case of the Philippines, the Sulu Sultanate and the Kingdom of Manila was under the rulership of the Bruneian Empire and in the midst of colonizing the Philippines when the Spanish came. The Spanish conquered the Visayans and used them to defeat the Kingdom of Manila and the rest of the Luzon kingdoms, and then annexed Mindanao and the Sulu Archipelago. After Spain’s defeat to US, the British, the Spaniards, and the US divided the lands without respect to the local Sulu Sultanate.

[@UACia]

Kingdom of Manila? there's no Kingdom of Manila, Tondo Kingdom that is, it was never controlled by any malay kingdoms, Tondo Empire was a self-rules Buddhist empire, not a Malay, they were negrito and not Austronesian.

[@Raymund38TVM]

There's no Kingdom of Manila bro 😂 Manila Island used by Spanish as Local Government of Spanish in the Philippines, since manila is the center of the North Borneo. But manila is never became a Kingdom 😂😂

[@Raymund38TVM]

​@@UACia no bro Tondo is not a Kingdom too 😂 there's no Kingdom in the Philippines 😂 also do not believed to Maharlika Kingdom.

[@florenzryansotelo8552]

@@Raymund38TVM better study more bro. A Sultanate is an empire composed of several kingdoms. There was no evidence of a Sultanate inLuzon, however there was someone called Empress Sasaban in Luzon oral traditions who led the Kingdom of Namayan, now a part of Mandaluyong, whose son is called Prince Balagtas who leads a Kingdom in Batangas and was married to a Daughter of Dayang Kalangitan of the Kingdom of Maysapa. In the Philippine context, a kingdom can be a Rajanate ruled by a Rajah, or a Lakanate ruled by a Lakan. The Kingdom of Maynila is led by a Rajah, but the rest of the Kingdoms of Luzon are Ruled by Lakans. Notable Lakans were: Lakan Gulo of Ba-i, Lakan Lontok of Maysapa, Lakan Tagkan, and several others. I think, Gat Pangil of Siniloan was also a Lakan. And a Rajanate or a Lakanate is composed of several Bayans ruled by a major Datu, and a Bayan is composed of several Barangays which are led by Minor Datus. The Bayan ng Lilio (now Liliw) was led by a Major Datu, Datu Tayao who leads the central Barangay of Lilio, and supported by the Datus of Barangays called Munting Lilio, Ilaya, and Oples. These was mentioned in the “The Narrative of Don Juan Masolong, the First Catholic in Lilio” whose story happened in 1571 after the Spanish and the Sugbuanons subdued the Kingdoms of Maynila and Tondo. It is a good read.

[@florenzryansotelo8552]

@@UACia where did you study History? Didn’t you study the Philippine Migration theory? After the Negritos arrived in the Philippines, then the Austronesian people came, supposed to be from Taiwan, then to the Philippines, then to the rest of the world. Then the Malays came from the South of the Philippines. The Kingdoms of Tondo and Siniloan, in fact already had international relations in 900AD as WRITTEN on the Laguna Copper Plate inscriptions found in the river of Lumban, Laguna. Go check the Laguna Copper Plate inscription in the National Museum. You cannot refute the history of Luzon, because it is WRITTEN on a Copper Plate.

[@msyafizan]

Divided because of Anglo-Dutch treaty. The british side joins malaysia, the dutch side joins indonesia. The european do other people's land like their mak bapak's land!

[@rachelandriani484]

😂😂

[@cannotwait2230]

Anglo-Dutch treaty have not shit related to Borneo, it split Malaya & Singapore to British and Sumatera and Java to Dutch.

[@VincentJanNicer]

It's not disputed. Court already ruled sabah is part of Sulu and hence part of Philippines

[@Onior]

This guy needs to do more research. He doesn't even mentioned the biggest race that live in Borneo.

[@saitama2.040]

Fun fact, the word "Borneo" came from the word "Brunei"

[@UACia]

it IS brunei

[@hijustacommenter10yearsand10]

I wish Borneo was united, imagine how powerful we would be if we out resources are still ours, but still I'm happy to be Malaysian

[@umaiman3576]

Resources is not main factor in making a state powerful....its the leadership.

[@overlordbrandon]

​@@umaiman3576 This ^

[@Kill_switch186]

Sarawak, Sabah, Brunei,Kalimantan should form United States of Borneo with their own autonomy

[@hijustacommenter10yearsand10]

@@umaiman3576 True, we had great leaders like Tun Fuad. But after his passings, Sabah is in a constant power struggle with rivals competing to be the leader of Sabah ever since.

[@hijustacommenter10yearsand10]

@@Kill_switch186 It would be a dream for us to have this. But sadly with current politics and Indonesia moving it's capital to Kalimantan, it would be impossible for Borneo to Unite. Borneo never had a vision for a united Borneo since the Sultanate of Brunei.

[@rickken6823]

mention Borneo as home to malay, chinese, banjar but didnt mention majority of Bornean are Dayaks (native to Borneo)

[@jieeyoh8804]

What do you mean just claimed? It is ours! The Philippines won on the legal court! There was an issue that malaysia kicked filipino natives on sabah, and now natives that aren't Filipinos are gonna choose? Burglers the stole a house, will keep the house, that's mutiny! Im not mad at the malaysian people but the government for kicking our people so that they could keep their interest!

[@Hzid-y5etb]

at least you dont hate malaysian tho‚ and our goverment is stupid. 🤙chillin.

[@sedsaifelbo6942]

The whole of Borneo should reunite with Brunei to create an independent island nation. Make Brunei the capital city.

[@ZannnXD]

Indonesia & Malaysia:🗿

[@o.0lll]

if you are taking of the 13th century where the whole Borneo was once under Brunei rules then yes I agree but they are being exploited for resources then Sarawak, Sabah, Labuan was then "taken by force" by the British, Dutch and Portuguese then they ask Brunei to join them to form Malaysia. What a joke right? Pity Brunei sultan having so much taken but can't do anything to it. The Great Britain is a thief really.

[@Kill_switch186]

Sarawak,Sabah, Brunei, Kalimantan should form United States of Borneo with their own autonomy

[@henryroldan2051]

Brunei can't do that cuz Indonesia is more powerful than Malaysia and Brunei.

[@berdzor4241]

Nope, The island of Borneo is too big, it would be difficult if those of us on the southern side of Borneo had to go to Brunei to do business. Moreover, next year Indonesia will move its capital to the eastern island of Borneo

[@Nonames997]

Admin you should come to Borneo.. especially North Borneo..to learn because you knowledge about Borneo Island I so limited

[@af_Razali1912]

Brunei is not under the British empire but under British Protectorate Agreement...

[@KinEnzo9788]

Sabah belongs to malayasia not the Philippines

[@SakuraChan_15]

Keep dreaming it's from Philippines aral muna bata ha

[@generalleand903]

The true identity of bornean is the Native People the Dajak Tribes

[@newbabies923]

Wrong. Dayaks are only 1 of the native who mainly live in the deep forrest. Not the whole island

[@shinatham53]

Borneo : 🇲🇾 🇮🇩 🇧🇳 New Guinea : 🇵🇬 🇮🇩 Greenland : 🇬🇱 (🇩🇰)

[@JeannieWang-vb6vr]

Singapore just got kick out by Malaysia

[@Mc_forever467]

Anda hebat!

[@ryanmendoza1475]

Sabah is not malaysia . Sabah is part of Philippines. Own by sultanates of sulu … sabah is rent by malaysian until now they dont pay the rent .the sad part is they claim .. but sooner the Philippines will intervene that issue .. sabah will part of Philippines soon ..

[@LockedByJupiter]

Wait Australia isn't a island??

[@JamesDelanoMcCarthysecondacc]

They're not

[@Unqualifiedtake]

That made 4 Jason Bornean Identity movies

[@ProtonSagakedua]

Brunei has more right if they try claiming Sabah & even Sarawak, also Indonesia can try for Sabah, or even the whole Malaysia due to our maritime Southeast Asian Majapahit past. But both nations remained silent and respecting Malaysia's governance on those territories

[@1Rumelian]

Sabah is a non-existent issue between PH and Malaysia. In fact, recently under Pres. Marcos JR, his presidential spokesperson said that the 15Bn USD case against Malaysia which was previously won by Kirams (another claimants to the defunct Sultanate of Sulu) in France is a private case, and didn't involve sovereign countries but France did not have control over the issue nor power to implement it either. Nonetheless, the division of Borneo is an arbitrary border drawn by colonial frontiers, but Maritime SEA countries do not have the courage to unite instead. The main concern is corruption but it shouldn't be an issue too.

[@Seelecon]

Couldn't have said it better brother, divided by stupid colonial borders which further divides us brothers, the easiest way to fix this is becoming a malay superstate but like the US, each region has its own somewhat independent government. Afterall were are originally tribes

[@SabahanMapper16S]

Malaysia and Sabah Sarawak before 1963: Borneo divided into 4 countries!!

[@evalynroces2838]

Borneo is Owned by Sultan in the Philippines until now Malaysia is just paying rent to the Sultan in Philippines....and thats the Secret kept by malaysian govt. To its People....

[@Boboskoll]

Keep dreaming

[@X-380_ZD]

I'd say it's the fourth largest island, after Australia, Greenland, and new guinea

[@adityaajit2120]

Australia is a continent not just an Island, by your logic Eurasia should be the largest island followed by Africa

[@svenneshark1594]

@@adityaajit2120 If Australia is a continent does that mean that New Zealand is Asian?

[@Cow29389]

.

[@svenneshark1594]

@@gamermapper Thank you

[@Eli.400]

I just lost braincells

[@wilmaolandres]

I dont really care who sabah belongs to,,, but the malaysians paid the rent until 2013 wh pay if you own it…

[@OnionIlan]

Fun Fact The Sultanate of Brunei used to control the entire coastline of Borneo, they never conquered the innermost parts of the Island because of the Dense Jungles

[@0900370pian]

Really? I thought they controlled only the northern coastline part. The southern part was under various Sultanates such as Banjar Sultanate, Pontianak Sultanate, Sultanate of Kutai Kartanegara and other Kingdoms. The inland however was unconquerable due to dense jungle and numerous tribes made these areas as their home.

[@OnionIlan]

@@0900370pian oh yeah i think if im correct the souther territories were just tributary states

[@berdzor4241]

Nah, Brunei only controls the North coast, not the south. In the south we have our own ruler, namely the Banjar sultanate

[@user-bi7uv9kz3q]

​@@berdzor4241The Peak of The Brunei Sultanate includes every coasts of the Borneo (except for Banjar) all the way to the manilla in the phillipines. The sultanates in Borneo such as Sambas, Puntianak, etc were once vassals of the Brunei Sultanate. If you'd notice the Malay languages in Borneo are somewhat very similar to each other than the Malays in the Malaya, Riau, Jawa Island.

[@Raymund38TVM]

Brunei is already giving back all the lands that they conquered ask per United Nation, but the wrong turn over is Sabbah, Brunei Turnover Sabbah not to the Philippines but to Malaysia, while it is owned by Sultanate of Sulu and Sabbah is part of Sulu. It is fault of Queen Elizabeth the first.

[@michaellovinon3467]

Not really a problem here, cause Javanese and Malays are basically the same peoples, the only difference is how they run their country, everything from history to language is almost the same. As a local Bornean person if Malaysia had taken whole of borneo they wouldn't be able to manage it as it cover soo much land and really slow the development of the island, if Indonesia had taken whole of borneo nobody would've like that, had brunei taken control of whole of borneo it would probably be a problem as there is a big catholic population here and if you look at their current laws it doesn't seem very open to other religions(I'm ignorant when talking about brunei as i don't really care about their country)

[@andrewwilliam7930]

the borneoan identity is the dayak's people, the true natives long before the malay & chinese came to the island

[@huwantamad343]

Philippines will ask for advice to their master USA on how to make a deal to Malaysia about Sabah😅

[@KataborananaEmpireOfficial69]

Tawi Tawi: but im the part of Malaysia

[@amogus7617]

Tawi Tawi is from Philippines. Sabah is leased by the Sultanate of Sulu. Malaysia stole it because they didn't pay the Sultan since 2010

[@JamesDelanoMcCarthysecondacc]

​@@amogus7617Denials, sabah is permanently Spanish possession then British and then Malaysian

[@Lostlosers03]

Long live North Borneo ✊️

[@palmtide]

Interesing underwater activity.

[@JamesDelanoMcCarthysecondacc]

Comment section are thinking who should own Borneo, y'all need to stop being extremely Nationalist

[@grayscale888]

Not Malaysia stealing territories from Brunei and calling it voluntary annexation 💀

[@nurhaqim7159]

Well we literally come there and asked if they wanna join us. We ain't that hostile unless provoke badly. Also to put easy, there is a lot of land purchasing shenanigans back in the day (by British)

[@o.0lll]

Sarawak, Sabah, Labuan was once under Brunei then "taken by force" by the British, Dutch and Portuguese then they ask Brunei to join them to form Malaysia. What a joke right? Pity Brunei sultan having so much taken but can't do anything to it. The Great Britain is a thief really

[@Kill_switch186]

​​​@@o.0lllif not for British. Brunei already long gone. Malcolm Stewart Hannibal McArthur who prevented the nation from being colonized completely by sarawak kingdom.without sarawak also , stopping Dutch from taking control whole island .we know what happen to other sultanates during ww2.only sultanates malaysia and Brunei under British truly survive

[@berdzor4241]

What? Malaysia used to invite Brunei to join as an independent country, but Brunei refused and chose to be colonized by England longer so that they could become their own country. Malaysia did not steal, but Brunei refused to be part of Malaysia

[@thela255]

It was the Filipinos that are in denial "Sudah kuredhai pajakkan dengan keredhaan dan kesukaan kita sendiri kepada tuan (name and place of living)" This whole phrase is in Malay. Which in native tongue translates to Aku rela dan ikhlas (reluctantly) memajak (exchanging something of value) kepada tuan (the name) For example: "pajak tanah" can mean "jual tanah" "Sampai lama-lamanya sekalian perintah dan kuasa yang kita punya yang takluk kepada kita di tanah besar pulau borneo" In standard malay, this can be rephrase to Sampai bila-bila (or to say forever) kalian (translate to "you guys") memerintah dan kawal kita punya yang kita takluk untuk kita sendiri (there are some unnecessary words here so that's why the translations are oddly long) di tanah besar iaitu pulau borneo Also note that the sulu sultanate only ever controlled the eastern part of sabah in history unless the western part is completely unloyal to the Sultan. Quote: "dari Sungai Pandasan di sebelah barat sampai sepanjang semua tanah di pantai sebelah timur sejauh Sungai Sibuku di sebelah selatan". Moving on, "tiadalah boleh sekali-sekali kuasa dan perintah yang dikeredhai dalam pajakan ini diberi atau ditukarkan kepada lain bangsa atau kompeni daripada bangsa asing kalau tiada dengan keredhaan perintah bawah duli Queen terlebih dahulu. " Simplify it, Tidak boleh sekali-kali/sesekali kuasa dan perintah yang diberi/kurnia dalam pajakan/jualan/borongan/lolongan (or something that is basically an exchanging/trading deal) diberi atau ditukarkan kepada bangsa/orang lain kalau tiada keizinan bawah duli Queen terlebih dahulu Keyword in these 2 pages are "selama-lamanya kalian perintah" This means that this land was supposedly given permanently to the two named men. So it would most likely refer to selling the land instead of renting it. Unless someone is weird enough to rent a land forever (trust me, that's just insane) Now, the 2nd page The whole thing is saying that the administration power over the land (parts of sabah) must never be transfered into the hands of anyone else or some company if the Queen doesn't allow it. The handing of Sabah to Malaysia is with the Queen's blessing so I don't see anything wrong. Madrid protocol is just the spanish transferring the whole of sabah to the brits In 1903, some islands were confirmed by the sultan personally to be given to the british. But they decided to up the price and the Brits accepted it since they thought it's to buy those confirmed islands So that's what started this whole mess Basically the sulu Sultans abusing the possible different meanings of some malay words (pajakkan and such) The original writer of the content is no longer around thus meant nobody really knows what the writer thought when using that word. Despite this, there are tons of other phrases that supports the claim of it actually being sold instead of being lense to "selama-lamanya" already means forever or permanent. That would most likely mean sold or gave away and there is no way to get it back. This means neither the Brits nor Spain nor Malaysia commit any theft. And don't go telling me to redo my malay

[@googletricksyz]

Nice

[@evalynroces2838]

The ICC already ruled infavor of the Philippines & won the Case.... Borneo is Owned & governed by the Sultan of Sulu in the Philippines even Before the colonial Era, and the Philippines even have land title over Sabah... But malaysia refused to follow by malaysia until now en their govt. Choosed to secretly suport fund & armed some terrorist/Extrimist in southern mindanao en used them against the govt. To weaken the stand of Philippines 🇵🇭🇵🇭🇵🇭🇵🇭🇵🇭🇵🇭🇵🇭

[@Md.MustaffaBinAbdullahAbdullah]

Why when Sabah and Sarawak on 16 sept 1963 choose Independ with Malaysia, That time sultan Sulu and Philippines only keep silent only Indonesia not agree because that time sultan sulu have agreement and take money from our Gov. I think ,Sulu island Independent with ???????? Then no more any claim with our Gov. Just I thought - Please No War, War is Boring We ASEAN can meeting what any Problems between 10 Asean Country. Long Live People ASEAN.

[@juicce1546]

Wait so the sabah is still disputed? I thought it was okay now that it is for Malaysia?

[@bruneilange4161]

Before British arrived in Borneo.the Sultan of Brunel was the rightful ruler of Borneo.

[@Thankyou20000]

80% wrong information

[@fakerobocallen4771]

i guess im philipino now since i live in sabah 🙏🙏

[@MGharriy]

You guys are living better as part of Malaysia 💀 be grateful for the love of God

[@That_dude_in]

easy question, its all colonialism matter. they divided our land like its own by their father. originally borneo was owned by empire brunei. read the history

[@ZAKHWANSEPTA]

The island of Borneo is owned by two countries and one island, namely Malaysia, the Sultanate of Brunei Darussalam, and Kalimantan (Kalimantan is one of the largest islands in Indonesia) Greetings from Indonesia!

[@asrafazman6233]

Malay? Banjar?? Chinese? where are the natives people?

[@L7498-d2i]

Island sizes 1. Australia (not new guinea) 2. Greenland 3. Borneo

[@keangwooichoo6138]

Why divide? Ask the dutch, french, english, spanish.

[@JamesDelanoMcCarthysecondacc]

French aren't involved into Borneo plus it's divided because of kingdoms

[@Maxwellprofilecactus]

Who live in sabah 👇

[@suhaimibinedris]

the malaysians

[@aqif2524]

Malaysia 🇲🇾

[@xdcharot1216]

In the future philippines will claim Sabah

[@curryis828]

Oh look another Filipino oppressor

[@berdzor4241]

Sabahans reject that, for them Malaysia is better than the Philippines

[@durianberduri]

your are NOT getting your Sabah back.

[@Black-And_White]

Im from Philippines, and tbh with you Sulu once owned sabah, but the British came so it's actually from Malaysia.

[@thela255]

It was the ignorant Filipinos that are in denial "Sudah kuredhai pajakkan dengan keredhaan dan kesukaan kita sendiri kepada tuan (name and place of living)" This whole phrase is in Malay. Which in native tongue translates to Aku rela dan ikhlas (reluctantly) memajak (exchanging something of value) kepada tuan (the name) For example: "pajak tanah" can mean "jual tanah" "Sampai lama-lamanya sekalian perintah dan kuasa yang kita punya yang takluk kepada kita di tanah besar pulau borneo" In standard malay, this can be rephrase to Sampai bila-bila (or to say forever) kalian (translate to "you guys") memerintah dan kawal kita punya yang kita takluk untuk kita sendiri (there are some unnecessary words here so that's why the translations are oddly long) di tanah besar iaitu pulau borneo Also note that the sulu sultanate only ever controlled the eastern part of sabah in history unless the western part is completely unloyal to the Sultan. Quote: "dari Sungai Pandasan di sebelah barat sampai sepanjang semua tanah di pantai sebelah timur sejauh Sungai Sibuku di sebelah selatan". Moving on, "tiadalah boleh sekali-sekali kuasa dan perintah yang dikeredhai dalam pajakan ini diberi atau ditukarkan kepada lain bangsa atau kompeni daripada bangsa asing kalau tiada dengan keredhaan perintah bawah duli Queen terlebih dahulu. " Simplify it, Tidak boleh sekali-kali/sesekali kuasa dan perintah yang diberi/kurnia dalam pajakan/jualan/borongan/lolongan (or something that is basically an exchanging/trading deal) diberi atau ditukarkan kepada bangsa/orang lain kalau tiada keizinan bawah duli Queen terlebih dahulu Keyword in these 2 pages are "selama-lamanya kalian perintah" This means that this land was supposedly given permanently to the two named men. So it would most likely refer to selling the land instead of renting it. Unless someone is weird enough to rent a land forever (trust me, that's just insane) Now, the 2nd page The whole thing is saying that the administration power over the land (parts of sabah) must never be transfered into the hands of anyone else or some company if the Queen doesn't allow it. The handing of Sabah to Malaysia is with the Queen's blessing so I don't see anything wrong. Madrid protocol is just the spanish transferring the whole of sabah to the brits In 1903, some islands were confirmed by the sultan personally to be given to the british. But they decided to up the price and the Brits accepted it since they thought it's to buy those confirmed islands So that's what started this whole mess Basically the sulu Sultans abusing the possible different meanings of some malay words (pajakkan and such) The original writer of the content is no longer around thus meant nobody really knows what the writer thought when using that word. Despite this, there are tons of other phrases that supports the claim of it actually being sold instead of being lense to "selama-lamanya" already means forever or permanent. That would most likely mean sold or gave away and there is no way to get it back. And don't go telling me to redo my malay Thus meant Malaysia didn't even do anything wrong

[@ely9258]

Wrong info. Dayak is the indigenous people of Borneo Island. Not the races that you stated before.

[@newbabies923]

LMAO dayaks are only native in the pedalaman areas deep in the Forrest . They are not native to all parts of the island

[@Raymund38TVM]

Sabah is not claimed by entire Philippines Country, but by the descendants of the Sultanate of Sulu, who leased the territory to the British Empire. So Sabah is not part of Malaysia but it is leased by British Empire then when British Empire leaved Sabah Brunei Claimed it since Philippines is allied of Brunei we are not claimed the land to Brunei, in the past years Brunei Surrendered the land of Sabah not to the Philippines but to Malaysia. until now theres no valid documents that Sabah is part of Malaysia 😂 so Malaysia need to paid that land to the Philippines, while i didn't know why People of Malaysia is angry to the Philippines, Malaysia need to paid Sabah thats it because they owned that land since Malaysia is a Neighbor Country we accept it to owned that land but they need to paid that to the Sultanate of Sulu the real owner of Sabah.

[@thela255]

Look at the 1878 treaty "Sudah kuredhai pajakkan dengan keredhaan dan kesukaan kita sendiri kepada tuan (name and place of living)" This whole phrase is in Malay. Which in native tongue translates to Aku rela dan ikhlas (reluctantly) memajak (exchanging something of value) kepada tuan (the name) For example: "pajak tanah" can mean "jual tanah" "Sampai lama-lamanya sekalian perintah dan kuasa yang kita punya yang takluk kepada kita di tanah besar pulau borneo" In standard malay, this can be rephrase to Sampai bila-bila (or to say forever) kalian (translate to "you guys") memerintah dan kawal kita punya yang kita takluk untuk kita sendiri (there are some unnecessary words here so that's why the translations are oddly long) di tanah besar iaitu pulau borneo Also note that the sulu sultanate only ever controlled the eastern part of sabah in history unless the western part is completely unloyal to the Sultan. Quote: "dari Sungai Pandasan di sebelah barat sampai sepanjang semua tanah di pantai sebelah timur sejauh Sungai Sibuku di sebelah selatan". Moving on, "tiadalah boleh sekali-sekali kuasa dan perintah yang dikeredhai dalam pajakan ini diberi atau ditukarkan kepada lain bangsa atau kompeni daripada bangsa asing kalau tiada dengan keredhaan perintah bawah duli Queen terlebih dahulu. " Simplify it, Tidak boleh sekali-kali/sesekali kuasa dan perintah yang diberi/kurnia dalam pajakan/jualan/borongan/lolongan (or something that is basically an exchanging/trading deal) diberi atau ditukarkan kepada bangsa/orang lain kalau tiada keizinan bawah duli Queen terlebih dahulu Keyword in these 2 pages are "selama-lamanya kalian perintah" This means that this land was supposedly given permanently to the two named men. So it would most likely refer to selling the land instead of renting it. Unless someone is weird enough to rent a land forever (trust me, that's just insane) Now, the 2nd page The whole thing is saying that the administration power over the land (parts of sabah) must never be transfered into the hands of anyone else or some company if the Queen doesn't allow it. The handing of Sabah to Malaysia is with the Queen's blessing so I don't see anything wrong. Madrid protocol is just the spanish transferring the whole of sabah to the brits In 1903, some islands were confirmed by the sultan personally to be given to the british. But they decided to up the price and the Brits accepted it since they thought it's to buy those confirmed islands So that's what started this whole mess Basically the sulu Sultans abusing the possible different meanings of some malay words (pajakkan and such) The original writer of the content is no longer around thus meant nobody really knows what the writer thought when using that word. Despite this, there are tons of other phrases that supports the claim of it actually being sold instead of being lense to "selama-lamanya" already means forever or permanent. That would most likely mean sold or gave away and there is no way to get it back. And don't go telling me to redo my malay Thus meant Malaysia didn't even do anything wrong

[@suhaimibinedris]

Of coures sabah belongs to malaysia cos the UN recognise it

[@umaiman3576]

Mind you...the word that was used in the agreement was CEDED so long payment was made. But sulu attacked Sabah, since they are too poor to payback any damage done. Ceded money is used...so no more money for sulu..

[@Seelecon]

Im completely unbaised and neutral but ISTG my fellow filipinos dont know/understand Sabah issue, Sabah isnt part of the Philippines, it was owned by the sulunate/datu of Sulu which at that time Sulu was not part of the Philippines. The Spanish never conquered the Islam part of mindanao, this was even in our history. Hence the answer is a Yesn't, but whats more pathetic of us filipinos is that we are democratic country but the ultra nationalist are practicing communist ideology by trying to annex Sabah without considering how the Sabah people feel about this, beyond pathetic, im ashamed of being filipino, thank God im half japanese, ill be moving to Japan where i wont suffer brainrot from ignorant keyboard warriors. Same goes to my mainland malaysian brothers who also think Sabah belongs to them when in reality Sabah belongs to the people of Sabah. And yes, im from mindanao so i understand the issue more than the mainland malays and luzon peeps

[@klewank2615]

Just like Mindanao, Spain and America took them by force, as long as they play our island claims. Even though we were never colonized by them.

[@Xi.jin-.Poooooh]

Why does banglaysia so angry in comment section 🤣