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A study published in Geophysical Research Letters journal of March, by climate researchers at IIT Bombay revealed a sustained subsidence of land in the city of Mumbai ringing alarm bells for this Indian megacity. The study says that the coastal city is sinking into the sea at the rate of 2 mm per year which may prima facie appear small but the issue if not addressed immediately can have severe consequences. The report has recommended urgent remedial measures that should be taken by urban planners and municipal authorities in order to avoid increased flooding in future.
Mumbai a city based on rocks and the pumping of groundwater in an unplanned way results in compaction and inevitable land subsidence especially prominent in sub surface rocks made of fine-grained sediments. It’s important to accept what is happening to then follow with action steps to control the situation before it’s too late. Big infrastructure projects are simply aggravating the problem. Builder-friendly laws, lobbied with governments to get large revenues and profits, needs to be checked immediately to safeguard environmental damages.
As we all know Mumbai is built on seven islands. Soil cover in the city region is predominantly sandy due to its proximity to the sea. Land subsidence is downward, vertical movement of the earth, which is permanent in nature, making the land more vulnerable to floods amidst rising sea levels. In order to combat this problem Mumbai needs to follow the example of Bangkok by reinforcing stricter regulations of groundwater use. Three key areas need to be addressed such as reduction of groundwater bores, centralisation of water delivery, easy access to this framework. This will result in lower groundwater subsidence, which will save large capital investments in resolving potential damages in future
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