Wow! Largest Brain Map Ever Shows Every Neuron and Connection...In a Fruit Fly

[@Liberty4Ever]

Keep in mind that the fruit fly brain is capable of 3D flight, seeking food, avoiding predators, landing (including inverted on the ceiling), crawling, takeoff, chewing, swallowing, digesting, seeking a mate, all reproductive functions, etc. Have you ever tried to catch a fly, either while it's stationary or flying? They do a lot of processing with that tiny speck of neurons.

[@jeffhans1]

Imagine being able to teach a virtual fruit fly brain how to navigate on a road through traffic. My guess is that it would be easier than teaching a computer to do the same with much fewer resources needed on board.

[@richardreumerman5449]

I'll believe in that once I see a fruit fly read a map 😅

[@nomadicsynth]

Not to mention knowing what it's like to be a fly on the wall, and keeping that secret from the rest of us.

[@rjsmith6698]

They also have the ability to disappear into thin air after flying just a few inches when you’re trying to squish them. Has to be either a cloaking device or the ability to move between dimensions and/or universes.🤔

[@Liberty4Ever]

@@rjsmith6698 - For all of impressive processing of a fly's brain, a toad can pick them off in mid air. The toad has a unique neuron trick. Its eye is wired directly to its tongue. It can't think about whether it wants to eat a flying object. If the very small amount of processing of the visual information indicates a flying object, the tongue grabs it. If its inedible, the toad can spit it out later.

[@ClausRow]

Wow you are covering the thing I helped work on. My life is complete! xD This is awesome.

[@tinyderppotato5410]

that's so cool!

[@janew2108]

Thank you for all your hard work!

[@JobBouwman]

So do most flies have the same brain? Or are there differences between each pair of flies?

[@ClausRow]

@@JobBouwman That's a complicated question! Some cells in the fly brain are singletons. So each brain is expected to have that cell for instance innervating in the appropriate layer. They won't be identical but very similar. As for the exact morphology you can expect variation. Some of the cell types are numerous like the Tm cells. Each one in it's group is very similar to each other though they have their differences even inside the same brain. If you are curious you can check out the whole brain yourself it's all online, search for Flywire. Many citizen scientist helped make this a reality!

[@cammccauley]

You congratulations on your work!

[@nerdbikes3841]

A humanoid robot with the brainpower of a fruit fly is terrifying to think about

[@DickGallo-dk7wi]

No grape will be safe!

[@synaestesia-bg3ew]

It might already be there. How Israel was able to spy on Iran and Lebanon is so mysterious and Mike low. I think that only something invisible could give such a result

[@BatchCam]

There is already an organic version called politicians

[@michaeldavid6832]

@@BatchCam I wouldn't give them that much credit. Brainpower of a worm is closer to it.

[@DickGallo-dk7wi]

@@creatvsdd99 lots of people have donated their bits and pieces to science. But the Human brain is very complicated. It's gonna take decades to map.

[@davidpescod7573]

Where would we be without the fruit fly which has contributed enormously to our understanding of genetics, and other biological systems? Many thanks, Anton, for another fascinating and informative video

[@andrewepp6763]

I can’t help but get a little nervous hearing about how interested google is in mapping brains 😬

[@rallyfeind]

Intel is already doing the human one and has been building tech from the models.

[@jkirch264]

It's the most valuable real estate in the world, they're trying to find ways to aquire as much as they can.

[@jamiethomas4079]

Finalspark employee hooked up a brain organoid(lump of 10,000 neurons) across the internet to a butterfly in a simulation where it recieves input and controls the butterfly. That’s 100% the matrix. It’s a real brain living in a simulation.

[@williamklemp3764]

​@@rallyfeind Intel doesn't control our ad feeds or search terms, so it's not a great comparison. Idk about OP, but I'm much more comfortable with Intel mapping out brains than I am with Google doing the same 😒

[@heykerryann]

@@jamiethomas4079dude…..✌️

[@GIBKEL]

Gives me a glimpse of hope for my MS and all my friends, known and unknown that suffer neurological diseases.

[@cherruthrose33]

Me too

[@nickmcdonald3083]

Talk yo your doctor about remylenation drugs. Theyre just hitting the market and can reverse progess of disease

[@andrewmurphy8154]

Depending on how advanced your MS is, it may be worth looking into resetting the immune system as a radical, high-risk / high-reward treatment for MS.

[@cherruthrose33]

@andrewmurphy8154 oh.. you have suggestions? For such treatments? Besides scientists playing marionette in my brain? There are consequences when the wrong people start poking around..

[@nickmcdonald3083]

@@cherruthrose33 there are a few treatments that are newly on market (last year or so) that are oral drugs to help remylenation even in advanced stanges. My grandma suffers from MS so i know how terrible the whole mess can feel when doctors treat you like a lab rat.

[@barkmaker]

This flies in the face of reason.

[@attackoramic8361]

You should explain the joke before it flies over their head.

[@DickGallo-dk7wi]

Fly see what you did there

[@chimedemon]

When it comes to decision making we really like flying off the rails

[@mark.guitar]

Hey, Reason! Want to borrow my fly swat?

[@scottdorfler2551]

Ha HA! I see what you did there.

[@Neuralatrophy]

It won't take 100 years... It will progress like the human genome project... we learn how to map the neurons, we learn how to map their connections, we improve our techniques, we scale it up, we speed it up... In a decade scientists will be routinely mapping mouse brains maybe even through noninvasive high resolution scanning and they'll be setting their targets on complete human brains in 20 to 30 years. I would like to see if they can manage to replicate individual traits from a mapped source.

[@leonniceday6807]

I concur. Ray Kurzweil has probably predicted when this will be achieved. Exponential progress.

[@Calimuros]

Anton Petrov: The Science Guy! Congrats from Brazil!

[@c_n_b]

Really wasn't expecting to see 2 flies banging doggy style

[@John-c4r1o]

Well he said they were simple, just add some beer and you'd have a basic frat party.

[@MikeMiller-s8h]

Maybe it was fly style the whole time?

[@DickGallo-dk7wi]

Bom-chika-wow-wow!

[@Searg-j6b]

Fr though

[@webgpu]

@@MikeMiller-s8h ....

[@dustinmorrison6315]

Discovering new nuerons in one of the most studied types of brains is a massive accomplishment!

[@maxmusterman3371]

Wow this is huge. Last thing i knew was that we only have the connectome of a microscopic worm. So this is a giant improvement

[@appleish5043]

Ppl thinks fruit flies are dumb but dealing with them, I can guarantee you they are not lol. I used to put fruit in a Chinese container with a lid on top, leaving enough space for them to fly in, but I can quickly close the lid on them. It works for the first few times, after that, about a year later, if I ever do that again, no fly would fly inside the container. As a matter of fact, they don’t fly into narrow space. They only fly into big open space, so they will fly into a container that has no lid on top, but any amount of coverage to the container will see no fly go into them!

[@user-lb2wi2bj9r]

Wow very nice!!

[@bastronom4496]

I remeber when the connectome of the worm was developed, now a fruitfly, the scaling is still mindboggling. Its not just a fruit fly its a step zooming out

[@Ncryptiion]

This is insane. Much respect for the researchers and Princeton.

[@kfayayay2674]

Thank you :)

[@JoseAlba87]

Hello Anton. Thanks for great content

[@stevenkarnisky411]

A monumental achievement. Thanks for bringing it to us, Anton.

[@Aimsport-video]

So a little apple cider vinegar, touch of sugar and a drop of dishwashing detergent will defeat the AI robots chasing us?

[@michaeldavid6832]

wait. You have to add sugar to the bait?

[@Aimsport-video]

@@michaeldavid6832 pinch of sugar optional but helps.

[@bryandraughn9830]

Tazer on a stick.

[@rutgerhoutdijk3547]

1:21 "complex behavior" 😂

[@rangerrick5660]

😂😂😂

[@randallpetersen9164]

Current number of upvotes is not allowed to change. :)

[@thederpydude2088]

​@@randallpetersen9164 Lol it was 69 wasn't it

[@randallpetersen9164]

@@thederpydude2088 Nice!

[@Trpmanne]

Lol at the fly on the left, waiting his turn or the cuck…

[@fsq2396]

This is absolutely insane

[@jimcurtis9052]

Wonderful as always Anton. Thank you. 🫡😊

[@HijetHijinks]

10:25 - "if we assume the same progress, it may take up to 100 years" (to map the human brain). That assumes linear progress. All that's needed is much larger slices microscopically scanned and AI mapped, and those technologies are advancing exponentially, not linearly. The technique is now known and only needs to be scaled.

[@dartdukii]

Thanks!

[@kfayayay2674]

So many years working on Eyewire, then Mystic and then Flywire ! Really proud being on this project ! Thank you for the cover :) Know working on the next level BANC !

[@anonaki-mt6xb]

What a Great Fruit Fly to volunteer for this particular project of discovery. Thank you Fruit Fly!

[@BaronVonHaggis]

When Anton titles a video "Incredible" - I'm all in. ❤❤

[@alecity4877]

Will have on hand the next time I find myself inside a fruit fly's brain, last time it took me ages to find the exit without any directions.

[@seaviewpenangoverseas4603]

Makes you think the cosmos is full of rocks which act like computer chips

[@LV-426...]

I think very few people are aware of just how monumental of an achievement this is. Chronologically this century so far: 1. Thurston's conjecture. 2.Higgs Boson 3.Gravitational Waves. 4.Full fruit fly connectome.

[@dmsoundcollective6746]

Thank you so much for speaking calmly and slowly. Your awesome Anton😊

[@DJTechnosapien]

So we used AI to assist people connecting a physical fly’s brain, so we could simulate an AI fly’s brain, so we could simulate their physical behavior. That’s nuts Edit: there’s no way in my mind the rate of progress will stay the same :) it will only accelerate as it always has

[@DoporaBHe6o]

yeah unlimited potential for creating biological weapons..

[@cherruthrose33]

​@DoporaBHe6o suppose it's like training a pet, it's how you train.. what you put into the algorithm, you get out. If your thinking in those terms. You could think of it in other ways... preventing escalation. In terms of thought crime.

[@cherruthrose33]

A consequence tho, could a person hack AI. After connections have been established

[@cherruthrose33]

Just food for thought.

[@anearthian894]

I want this connectome for all the flies like being in every game from now on.

[@CorporealUndead2024]

So basically these flies have a 6502 CPU and humans have an i9-9900k CPU as brains. Reverse engineering the 6502 is just the start. Imagine what we'll be able to do with the human brain in 40 years.

[@CorporealUndead2024]

Can't wait for governments to start using flies are spies. And in 40 years maybe they can start reprogramming people to "behave" better. LMFAO! We're doomed.

[@ryanrobison8973]

The human brain is more complicated than basically anything in the universe. We keep finding out that the complexity keeps on going and going. The comparison to CPU's is a false equivalence. They aren't even remotely the same kind of constructs. It will be a very, very long time before we start to fully understand the brain.

[@aniksamiurrahman6365]

No. Brain doesn't work like that.

[@jusore]

Like biobots, our brain is basically a quantum advanced computer that'll be decoded eventually. Right now our neurons are used to compute in the so called OI organoid intelligence.

[@patalbor3507]

Yay...Mind control sounds adjacently possible. **(Nervous laughter while holding a smartphone)😅

[@EJBert]

Amazing first step, but one can only imagine the challenges with taking on conciousness!

[@ryanrobison8973]

Consciousness will likely never be figured out, at least not for many, many years. Way past our lifetime. The hard problem of consciousness is completely separate from understanding how the brain works.

[@alexei5231]

​@@ryanrobison8973never say never

[@t16205]

I dont think it can be done. Religion is probably the closest we will get

[@weevil601]

@@ryanrobison8973 For all we know, consciousness arises naturally when the complexity of a neural network reaches some inflection point. If that's the case, artificial consciousness could become a reality before we're even able to define it. Are fruit flies conscious?

[@asiano3385]

@@t16205 everything is possible.

[@physrune]

this is truly a monumental achievement, amazing covering anton!

[@klausgartenstiel4586]

now we got a fruit fly that doesn't know that it's just the virtual representation of a fruit fly.

[@sneakyfox4651]

Drosophila melanogaster translated to English: Droso: Dew Phila: Loving Melano: Black Gaster: Stomach Dew-loving Black-belly. Couldn't be a kinder name. :0)

[@InverseTachyonPulse]

One step closer to this future: "... headaches were once quite common, but that was in the days before the brain was charted, before we understood the nature of pain." (Dr. Beverly Crusher, Star Trek: The Next Generation, "The Battle")

[@robertfindley921]

What I don't understand is science is moving at such a breakneck speed, the human body is so amazingly complex, and yet every day I see and hear people do and say the most outrageous things imaginable. It just doesn't add up.

[@figlego]

It's the bell curve. Most people are very dumb statistically

[@brianboye8025]

Information and understanding builds on itself. The tools available to biology are getting more precise, complex, and powerful. Computer power is helping. Biology is the queen of all science.

[@ot9er]

Humans did not originally evolve to know how to deal with so much knowledge, power, and self-perpetuating politics and authority.

[@SpeedOfThought1111]

yeah like the assumption that a rat brain map is 'decades away'....

[@TheJeremyKentBGross]

​@@SpeedOfThought1111The vast majority of the time mapping the human genome was spent on the first 1%. The rest was finished almost instantly by comparison due to exponential growth and applying everything learned on that first 1%. I won't say that a mouse ISN'T a couple decades away, but I also won't be remotely surprised if it happens much faster than that.

[@hedibenayed436]

OMG they bugged their computers

[@4124V4TA-SNPCA-x]

Recently The Shapley Concentration, of which Laniakea and inside it the Milky Way is part of, with its 10 immense attractor basins have been mapped thanks to 2dF Galaxy Redshift Survey et al. AND the Fruit Fly Brain Map Anton just covered. I enjoyed reading them both yesterday. It's (or it was) mapping week. 😀

[@Kevin-hb7yq]

That has gotta be some cool new equipment for measuring those connections.

[@sincereflowers3218]

On the one hand I love progress like this but on the other, I know it’s gonna be used to ruin our lives

[@Starchybugger]

ty wonderful person

[@charlesjmouse]

Fantastic! It should be feasible, with a lot of work, to model the function of a fruit fly brain with this information and our current knowledge of neuron and synapse function. We may be a long way from understanding or even apprehending the systems that underpin brain structure, but being able to compare the behavior of such a reconstructed brain to the real thing would very likely teach us a great deal.

[@william_santiago]

One thing about the progression of science, it is NEVER linear. It will NOT take a century. I'd guess 30 - 40 years.

[@LordWaterBottle]

Fingers crossed that the Patent Office calls existing brains prior art

[@Zookeeper.]

Wow.. I love connections 🎉

[@AurelienCarnoy]

I hope they get to the part where scientist discover the visual to be coded like a hologram. And that with different algorithm you get different level of vision

[@nycgweed]

So what do fruit flies think about

[@henryechezabal758]

They think of fruit and doggie style! You don’t need a neurological map to know that!

[@brianboye8025]

Flying, walking, finding food, the usual stuff.

[@noob19087]

Oh you know... Things 😊 Like that rotten banana 🤤

[@TicTac2]

I'm often trying to comprehend what the consciousness of other animals feels like!

[@noob19087]

@@TicTac2 I'd say likely very similar to our own. After all, we do share millions of years of evolution with all mammals, and even other parts of the animal kingdom to a lesser degree. Imagine you forgot how to speak, write, and lowered your capability for empathy while living a down to earth lifestyle of non-questioning adherence to instinct, and you'd be much like animals. I think we like to forget that conscious experience isn't a human exclusive experience, just that we have elements of it other animals don't, those being mainly our huge empathy skill and curiosity. Even the variance from individual to another is huge in humans, with some people spending their entire lives in their thoughts while some get by on tradition and instinct. Watch a reality tv show and you see just how a human who thinks like an animal would act.

[@morenofranco9235]

And this is just a Fruit Fly! What a project! Thanks for the presentation, Anton.

[@niveketihw1897]

The first part of this video made me want to replace the yellow sticky traps and refill the red wine vinegar traps.

[@tim40gabby25]

Time flies like an arrow. Fruit flies like bananas.. and voyeurism.

[@thederpydude2088]

This joke made me think lol

[@1ForTheShieldz]

Hi Anton it's Wonderful person here! Have a great day to you and your family. Thanks for the interesting videos ❤

[@HateAndFlame]

Mind uploading just became one hell of a lot closer to reality.

[@footballisalligot]

It will be uploading all your memories and behavior and everything but not your consciousness that will im pretty sure never be possible

[@paulmicks7097]

Thank you Anton , fascinating topic choice

[@LDSG_A_Team]

Fascinating! This is some really neat progress!

[@barnash234]

Thanks again Anton for the very interesting video.

[@curtisdecoste9345]

Anyone do fruit fly experiments in high school trying to do something for genetics but basically just infested everyone’s locker with fruit flies. Oh, the 90s were great.

[@allenwalters8812]

Why does it's brain look like it's made out of fruity pebbles?

[@chimedemon]

It’s their favorite food

[@john_hunter_]

That's how they got their name.

[@3D-User-64]

You are what you eat

[@megamushroom]

10:10 it wasnt a earthworm though, earthworms are very complex.

[@V4VestA]

One hundred years in the future, what wonders will we behold? What nightmares? I can’t watch 🤦🏽

[@ruperterskin2117]

Right on. Thanks for sharing.

[@bryandraughn9830]

"Time's fun when you're having flies."---- Kermit The Frog.

[@josephmartin1540]

Yes, virtual fly brains in a room temp quantum computer in a drone! "The same thing we do every night, Pinkie:..."

[@ray1956]

As a Biology 🧬 major in the 1970’s I was able to change the fruit 🍌 fly’s eye color for the next generation of flies ( a course in Neurobiology 😄. I thought that was cool 😎👨🏿‍💻👀🤓

[@MadDragon75]

Flies are amazing. If you haven't watched a satellite fly troll a wasp trying to lay eggs on the wasp's nest, I suggest watching that sometime soon.

[@BrasilianStormagedon]

Where can I though ?

[@MadDragon75]

@@BrasilianStormagedon I just watched it this morning 4 weeks ago the channel called *The wild flies* posted a video titled: Tiny Fly TAKES ON Giant Wasp! 1M views.

[@fjoa123]

My hopes for the future have changed over the years. When I was a child I hoped to live in an environmentally friendly and prosperous future. Now as an adult I hope for the chance to be able to die and rest eternally, without the threat of being brought back against my will.

[@Mephistahpheles]

Wow. The thumbnail cut off the word "Fly". Neural connections in a fruit!?! Omg! That IS groundbreaking!

[@PoD-DK61]

Thank you 🎈 Anton Petrov for your effort

[@davidstevenson9517]

Thank you, Anton, for another "wonderful" science report. I regret, however, not having the brains to follow the direction the map suggests... Hello from New Zealand. 👨‍🏫🔬📡🌏🇳🇿🦎🌴🌊🙃⁉️

[@JONSEY101]

I have two questions. Firstly, how accurate is it? The reason I ask is that you mentioned that A.I was used to find the neurons and their connections. A.i has been shown time and time again to be, although very impressive, not always accurate and can even lie. Don't get me wrong, I'm not saying I believe it fake or some crazy thing like that, it's just accuracy with such things is extremely important. The other question is have as you mentioned, how we can now use the map to make simulations of how it works to understand it, is, wouldn't they also need to map how the connections go from the brain to different parts of the body, for example? I can imagine that it takes more than one tiny part of the nervous system to say, move and arm, leg or wing right? Then, it needs to be connected to the correct parts of the brain, much like a traffic system. A great video.

[@Aoi-mirror]

Great video as ever but I'm very surprised you weren't interested in HOW DID THEY SLICE UP A BRAIN THE SIZE OF A GRAIN OF SAND INTO THOUSANDS. Someone is really good at sharpening knives. Really shall knives. And has a really steady hand.

[@CosmicSphincter]

Incredible work

[@HZ_Sai]

how amazing that we have this " Surah Al-Baqarah - 26 - " give it a read then rewatch this video . mindblowing in every way

[@charlescowan6121]

This was one if the most interesting reports in a while. Unfortunately, as soon as you mentioned google being interested; I checked out.

[@philochristos]

That is really amazing.

[@FrickFrack]

How much of the connectome is learned and how much is inherited? And how are those connections encoded in the DNA?

[@RiggyRonnie]

To think we simply smack down these extremely complex creations of God.

[@Trpmanne]

That fly getting it in! Doing Gods work!

[@theorize999]

good one Anton!

[@George-rk7ts]

Nature turns up the power scale to eleven. Life turns up the complexity scale to 38. Nice work, wonderful sir.

[@TheBarracuda]

Someone managed to gamify mapping individual neural connections through a 3D field. It was a bit of fun, hopefully it's still out there.

[@tactileslut]

I remember that one as working out a cubic mm from a rodent. This target feels more in reach. I remember getting frustrated that the training was ignoring subtleties, seeing as same what I saw as different.

[@robertfontaine3650]

Like the genome, physical brain mapping is a huge step forward.

[@jehl1963]

I wonder how many MegaWatts of AI calculations were required to replicate the extension of the Fruit Fly's probosis?

[@johnburnside7828]

I've always been afraid of getting lost in a fruit fly brain. Now I can rest easy!

[@danielsainz866]

best ending smile yet. stay strong Anton

[@clearcutter74]

What a time to be alive! (Except for the fruit fly who had its brain sliced into 7000 slices, I'm pretty sure it's dead)

[@saxpert]

HOW do you make 7000 microtome slices of a fruit fly brain? I can't believe that this is even possible...

[@anearthian894]

Is that connectome open source?

[@axle.student]

Most of what we call a brain has evolved to persist, avoid danger, find food and opportunities to replicate and sense/move. If we get back to smaller life forms it will be easier to map individual parts to the emergent complexity :) > It's pretty kool stuff :)

[@greenthing99100]

Thanks Anton, this is incredibly exciting. I live with a relentlessly progressive motor neuron disease (NOT a rare occurrence, 1 in 300 people alive today in countries with above the global average lifespan of 73 years, will develop a motor neuron disease at some point in their lifetime). It is through this kind of research that we are equally relentlessly closing on the target of a world free of neurodegenerative diseases, eventually including many types of dementia, Parkinson's disease, the motor neuron diseases, Huntington's disease, multiple sclerosis and others. Not in my lifetime which is, for obvious reasons, quite limited, but in the lifetime of babies born today.

[@fr57ujf]

Given AI's accelerating effect on this project, there's no reason to assume future research progress will be linear.

[@AtomicApple-lk9gm]

Wait till they create thought maps. Or be able to re create motor neurons and have robots move like literal people.

[@fr57ujf]

If you recreate brain function, is it a robot or a person?

[@AtomicApple-lk9gm]

@@fr57ujf depends. If you use an AI/LLM you are essentially just mimicking the idea of a human and not actually creating one. GPT Doesn’t completely function like a human brain as it has no temporal (time) perception, mobility, or even optical functions. It hasn’t really been evolved to fit the world around it, it’s just been engineered to attempt to fit in the world around it. But in general I’m not too quite sure. I mean if we do replicate all of the functions of the human brain to a machine it may do a great job acting like a human but we will never really know for sure.

[@AtomicApple-lk9gm]

@@fr57ujf Also forgot to add humans brains evolve in real time. I mean your thoughts and experiences determine how your brain is formed. Your dna also has an effect on how your brain might form which adds a little touch of identity.

[@fr57ujf]

Isn't evolution just a form of engineering practiced by nature? Aren't we "engineered" to fit our environment? And if a machine has the same behavioral flexibility as humans, what won't we "really know for sure"? What is the difference between acting like a human and being a human?

[@-Katastrophe]

Brain is a strong term for something that flies up humans' noses for no reason.

[@bretthagey7916]

Amazing things will start from this.

[@osmosisjones4912]

Memory might made Glutinate or maybe orangent of Receptors and chemicals of synapse. Or maybe act structures or genetics markers . Or maybe all changyin the body can be considered memory. Bones carry memory. Or maybe sub atomic particles carry memory

[@ricksallotment5923]

Ridiculously accurate in that some people regard a Swiss watch as advanced.

[@Randersonwood]

GET OUT OF HERE!!! Aahhhh so cool. Although now I feel even worse about killing fruit flies…imagine being in the middle of a complex dance to attract a mate and then *BOOM* obliterated 😒

[@abetwabe]

I'm so proud to believe in a wise and amazing creator.

[@osmosisjones4912]

What about memory rna as suggested in Snails bu switching up their RNAs