Writing English in Runes

[@edacheb]

"A lot of us live that way anyway" you just cut straight to my soul there, Dr Jackson Crawford! ...All the best

[@Spruce-Bug]

Looking for my 'KHNIGET' in shinning armor.

[@jb8086]

And your father was a hamster!

[@rajavlitra]

Fair enough, that's how people pronounced it in medieval times. Maybe turn the /x/ into a /ç/ so it goes like "knischt".

[@Raventherose]

............... if England was black, DONT SHOOT DONT SHOOT DONT SHOOT

[@angeldude101]

ᚳᚾᛁᛇᛏ (kniȝt) It's not our fault /kn/ became an invalid consonant cluster, and the /x/ phoneme vanished completely, between Middle English and Modern English. Technically, that would make ᚳᚾᛁᛇᛏ - kniȝt - knight - /knixt/ the Middle English spelling. The Modern English spelling would be closer to ᚾᚫᛁᛏ - nait - nīt - /najt/. (Why am I still spelling /aj/ as ī? Because Great Vowel Shift depends on stress in some morphemes.)

[@tux_duh]

The old english way to say it was kah-nicht (neekt) but we had a vowel shift after our spelling reform that made the spelling reform kind of useless. Its the reason why we have so many things pronounced weirdly night was once pronounced nicht (nee-kt)

[@sol3cito33]

I am glad I can easily use my good Old Hungarian "Székely-Magyar Rovásírás" writing that is "tailor-made" to Hungarian language and every single letter (sound) is represented. In fact it suits the Hungarian language way better than the Latin alphabet. Very informative video by the way, thanks for the upload!

[@Fenristhegreat]

'How would a viking vote' is an incredible question. I hope someone writes a PhD on this important issue someday.

[@gweiloxiu9862]

Fenristhegreat Indeed. The history of the evolution of government and law is to me as interesting and informative, as the history of the evolution of language. In law and government, I think it is a little more clear how an average individual in a society is "philosophically" oriented than in language. The frame of reference is more direct and has less variables. For example, the concept of "common law" is a bit more straight forward of an ideological frame of reference than "the second Germanic consonant shift". I think law is like a framework of an overall ideology (system of ideas) and language fleshes it out in terms of variables and the the different ways subsets of the overall system can evolve. This gives a picture of the overall paradigm. Looking at it like that, it is pretty fun to see how the Germanic paradigm has grown and then exponentiated over the past couple thousand years. A very very interesting realpolitik take on this is James C. Bennett's " Anglosphere" and "Network Civilization" ideologies. You can trace the DNA of his system back to the proto emergence theory of Friedrich Hayek's theory of connectionism. None of this answers how a viking would vote, but it's definitely brain candy none the less lol

[@TheLittleRussian2]

Donalthr Trumpsson

[@Gondaldin]

@@TheLittleRussian2 Andrés Tromp.

[@qtfusiondance]

Norsemen actually had one of the earliest prototypes of democracy via the "thing," so I dunno if that was the best example.

[@jeremias-serus]

Typically you write a dissertation in order to obtain your phd, but sure.

[@gingerfloof777]

Fantastic video again, Mr Crawford. When I was planning the runes in my tattoos, I used modern English spelling, with Elder Futhark runes. Even though it is less authentic, I think it's easier to write, read, and remember. I love using Younger Futhark in my Old Norse studies, but they can be a bastard to use correctly. Personally, for general use, I think modern spelling with EF is the best combo.

[@halfabapandmusket]

Ginger Floof I did the same, for tattoos I think it's ok to use your current language, got me a havamal verse 👍

[@gingerfloof777]

Znik yeah, that's a good point. I found it easier with Elder Futhark, but it's all personal preference I suppose.

[@lindawilson2707]

Ginger Floof I want to get my kids names tattooed along with either the vegvisir or Aegishjalmur. Their names are Runar and Freyja. I'm so paranoid of not spelling them properly in runes so I haven't don't it yet.

[@gingerfloof777]

Linda Joga As Znik says, there are Anglo-Saxon runes to consider as well. It's all personal preference though, especially with tattoos I think. Try a few different ones and see which looks better, and which feels right.

[@gingerfloof777]

Linda Joga Also, if you wanted the translation into runes, you could become a patron of the fine Gentleman who made this video, and ask for a translation! 🙂

[@Invalid-user13k]

2:20 In a way, the SH sound that's written as SC in Futhorc looks like SH

[@קעז-מענטש]

ᚦᚪᛏ'ᛋ ᚪ ᚷᚩᚩᛞ ᛈᚩᛁᚾᛏ ᛋᚳ ᛞᛟᛋ ᛣᛁᚾᛞ ᚩᚠ ᛚᚩᚩᛣ ᛚᛁᛣᛖ ᛚᛁᛣᛖ sh

[@Invalid-user13k]

@@קעז-מענטש I'm impressed in your determination and commitment to Futhorc but what made it a little hard to read is that you transliterated the letters instead of using the sounds and having those letters.

[@קעז-מענטש]

@@Invalid-user13k I þink it works better since it aint accent dependant

[@jerrytobin88]

dude , could could you get any cooler? seriously. This is my favorite new channel, I don't even wait till the end before I thumbs up you

[@Planeet-Long]

I ran into a lot of these issues when deciding to write Dutch in the Cyrillic alphabet, I had to invent a new letter and phoneticise the spelling.

[@rainbs2nd]

I love writing languages in different alphabets and I ran into similar issues when adapting Norwegian to the Cyrillic alphabet. The good thing about Cyrillic is that there're many different Cyrillic alphabets and you can take character from many languages. But if you're doing what I did, which adapting the Ukrainian alphabet without adding any new characters, it's a very complicated process and requires a lot of creativity. Anyways, I'd love see how your Dutch version looks like!

[@theoneworldshow6661]

great channel Prof. such an amazing source of detailed information.

[@arnimellner3357]

prof. crawford did i catch a monty python reference in there? thanks for the awesome video once again!! on the topic, what me and my friend do when we write letters to each other is just literally write out the words using english spelling, and we use elder futhark. it's really just for fun, but both of us have gotten pretty good at reading/recognizing runes because of this :D

[@SirAbraxas]

I always wondered about this issue (modern language in Elder Futhark runes) Problem solved, stick the alphabet to the original language to minimize misunderstanding.

[@therun7024]

I'm so glad that I found these videos, lmao I became fluent in ancient runic but the funny thing is, it was a weird mix between Anglo Saxon, shortwig, and elder futhark so I'm so glad I found these! Now I'm finally fixing it!

[@TheDrakanMaster124]

My answer to this is young futhorc, it's based on futhorc hence the name. But it modifies some runes and repurposes 2 and the way you would write it is how the word sounds when you're trying to speak very properly. It's my way of writing modern English to runes.

[@gabrielfox457]

You can suppliment them with phoenecian letters with set phonems.

[@Automatik234]

I play around quite a bit with runes lately and tried to add characters for sounds that aren't represented in the elder Futhark. My attempt was a mixture of ligatures and characters from other writing systems like greek, glagolitic and phoenician, visually adapted. Of course, that's not a great solution, but it works for me privately.

[@halfabapandmusket]

great video as usual, trying to get my head around younger futhark currently

[@philipbajkov4145]

Just recently found you channel! Its amazing! So many things that can be discovered by watching your videos! Thank you!

[@drestonjclaw2839]

I say we just remake a new modern runic alphabet and replace the one we have now. C’mon! WHO’S WITH ME!

[@Tasorius]

But it's better to combine already existing ones. otherwise it becomes like the devolution from the Elder to the Younger Futhark, rather than something that makes sense like the Old English Runes.

[@MrCan4dian]

there are dozens of us! Dozens!

[@valeriy8502]

I would just add a few to make up for the letters not represented. Sh is a big one, differentiating the soft Thorn and hard Eth would be a nice addition, as well as differentiating V from U or W. English also has the J sound common in French, but in English spelling it hides in places like viSion. We also have a hard and soft G. So really just those, and probably the existing Anglo Saxon vowel runes. I am actually having a snow day and working on this very project, and checking some videos for information 😅

[@Judesmood118]

Me!

[@harleyretherford6329]

I have always enjoyed creating runes and whatnot. Probably my favorite creation is a number system of runes based on seven.

[@chrisdrew1768]

you're sounding alot happier and upbeat atm doc

[@jocostlow7257]

He seems happier when he's outside.

[@oz_jones]

Who wouldn't - that mountain range is beautiful.

[@SalvableRuin]

alot is 2 words, not 1.

[@bendiditmusic]

Really thoughtful video. A foriegn exchange friend taught my friends and me the Korean alphabet and we'd use that as code for our notes and got very good at it. We'd have arguments about how we should write certain words but we all understood everyone else's dialect. In my situation it mades the most sense to use the syllable-based method, but imo this would be the most ergonomic solution (esp. if it's your secret code alphabet of choice)

[@joshthrelkeld]

Did the Franks Casket not accomplish something of this nature? Fascinated by the artist’s mastery and interplay of multiple languages.

[@anthonyfox585]

why did we ever start using the Latin alphabet futhark is so much cooler looking

[@ChickenPermissionOG]

Because when you rule most of the world you kill others language.

[@alexsmith6852]

Anthony Fox in order to maintain authority you have to destroy the previous. Imagine a world where ultimate authority came down to the individual instead of the state. Lol imagine a world humans were allowed to be humans. How beautiful that would be

[@PanZerV]

Old norse is better

[@thrownswordpommel7393]

Latin alphabet is much easier to adapt to other languages. Younger futhark barely fits the Old Norse language lol

[@elgranlugus7267]

Looking cool is not the same as practicality and effectiveness.

[@tylerwylde4100]

very cool video, I always use the old English futhork for writing as well, and use a set way of spelling based off of old English grammatical ways.

[@user-vz2qk4gz5f]

I would just choose the Anglo Saxon futhark and transliterate letter for letter except when one rune works for two letters like: ea, io, st, qu, th. Borrow v from another futhark, and Bob’s your uncle.

[@thelivingdead1728]

But Anglo-Saxon runes aren't very popular.

[@jeremias-serus]

@@thelivingdead1728 Though be to fair that’d be “closer” to English than Elder Futhark.

[@JazzyB11235]

My brothers and I use the Elder Futhark and just as you said gerry rig if we have to and only put for example 1 sowilo where it would be 2 s's in english. It's alot of fun to do. I also consider runes more as ideas than an "alphabet" especially for purposes of divination and so forth. I love your chanel and I also own the Poetic Edda that you translated. It is by far the best I've come across and have read 2 others. Thanks for your good work.

[@ThatOldWarthog]

There was recently an indie horror/exploration game by a Norwegian developer based heavily in Norse and post-Norse mythology and folklore. At several points there are runestones that glow and exposit on the mythology influencing the surrounding area. The relevance of this is that I had a hellish time trying to translate them until I realized that they were in fact using modern Norwegian and just substituting Elder Futhark, (not younger, strangely) in place of Latin characters. For example, there is a monument to sacrificed children near the end of the game titled "ᛒᚨᚱᚾ ᚨᚢ ᛇᚷᚷᛞᚱᚨᛊᛁᛚ" or "Barn av Æggdrasil" in modern Norwegian. While certainly less egregious than transliterating modern English in elder, younger, or anflo-frisian futhark, it certainly made translating them a bit more tedious than it otherwise would have been.

[@ahmetkaraaslan8429]

In Turkish we have a phonetic alphabet and we have no problem writing and reading with old Old Turkic Runes (they are the same runes). We just learn the runes and start to read.

[@guarddog318]

I've always just used a bind rune for 's' and 'h' to produce a 'shhh' sound. Seems to get the job done. Oh and I always spell english phonetically, with the elder futhark. Yes, there are certain concessions that have to be made - Wunjo for both 'w' and 'v', for instance - but most of it makes perfect sense, if the person reading has any (sense ), and at least some language skills. Oh, and I've got an old stetson I've worn for over 20 years now... so I guess Jack there isn't the only 'Norse Cowboy'... Although I'm actually of Friesian heritage.

[@alldayubum]

I think maybe writing the way its spells in english is the best way in my opinion going by the sounds like you said knight i wouldnt have gotten but i think anyone that knows the runes to some extent be able to figure it out what it means if its spelled out in english but thats just my humble 2 cents im still learning

[@theifking1]

love your channel! love reading and studying old norse. I could not help my self to laugh when you said kni get lol😂

[@maxfrintrop2545]

I would really appreciate it if you could help me out. How would you write ˈkɑŋkɚ in the elder futhark and in short twig? If that’s possible.

[@qsm__redpanda7637]

Wait, so it doesn't matter how you interpret the runes into the modern english language?

[@Зеленыйслоник-е8ъ]

Didn’t Tolkien wrote English letters in runes before introducing Elvish?

[@crewtc1987]

Very well put and concise

[@bbrev106]

Excellent video. This is an important video for anyone looking to get runic tattoos

[@bbrev106]

Yes, seriously. Why do you ask? לביא גלזמן

[@jocostlow7257]

לביא גלזמן must be a big shot Rune elitist, haha.

[@27POP27]

Idd. Just take a look at Keifer Sutheland's tattoo no.pinterest.com/pin/362117626270137131/

[@bbrev106]

If you're going to get a tattoo with runic words, you should be doing it the right way. Guess that makes someone an elitist for wanting to put the right ink on their bodies.

[@PaulWade87]

So" how could you right a name for *"Young Futhark"* like Viking or Sir or Paul or Hart / Heart ? Using Young Futhark?

[@brianmcrock]

Very well explained. Thank you!

[@alexanderrobinson6797]

Damn...Surprisingly helpful and insightful.

[@debod3701]

Love your channel!

[@DeGreyChristensen]

For “sh” you could do what Tolkien did and write the runic C or Ch sound backwards. Again, at that point you are using a “newer” rune, but at least then you’ve got a single rune for that sound that looks like it belongs with all the rest.

[@logbase-10ofkurt92]

Love your videos Dr. Crawford. Have you ever considered making one regarding the theories behind the Sigrdrifa/Brynhildr theories and why we have two different names for this Valkyrja?

[@k9wolf07]

I was trying to translate some runes from tv shows and movies for fun such as the How To Train Your Dragon series and ran into this problem. Your very right that there isn't a right or wrong way to do it though personally I think it doesn't make any sense to write it phonetically because modern English isn't phonetic anyway. Elder futhark in English script is pretty easy to read for the most part, their are a few acceptations of course.

[@drfluffy2408]

Wanted translate “guide me home” into elder furthark but is is written as “guid me hom” ??

[@norwAySMR]

"Gajd mi hå?um" would be closer to the Germanic pronounciation, but like he said in the video.. nobody will recognize that as "guide me home" as it strays too far.. I would translate each letter.

[@alecmatos7489]

Prof. I'm wanting to get my belated father's name in elder runes as a tattoo, how would it be correctly spelled?

[@Luciferianful]

Even the word denoti g them runes is mysterious as we got as rune from old norse..as roune..roun(d) being sacon native word in England meaning to whisper smth

[@Luciferianful]

The same yield should be spelt with especial Norghumbrian rune for Y- and so on..true should be spelt trewe

[@dcseain]

Scip and fisc are known in Old and early Middle English, but yeah, most don't know that.

[@RT-ko5hl]

Very interesting but now I have a dilemma as I was going to have Saxon written in runes in a tattoo but confused how it maybe read?

[@seethelight7778]

Since the sound that there prounounced and drawn its the energy that the meaning of the rune has so as long as it fluctuates jwith the sounds of the letters it shoyld be fine theres more ways to solve a problem than an axe you can use a chainsaw or tnt or i can live in a hut house or cave

[@adrianaaung3879]

How can I get elder futhark on keyboard for phones

[@Luciferianful]

For sure TRUTH should be spelled with thirn ia commence ( anlaut) and eWe in the midst and W by wyn rune btw

[@t3tsuyaguy1]

If I want to represent the word skogkatt in runes, would it be better to do so in the elder furthark or the younger furthark? Or would it just be unintelligible in either?

[@Joynar]

Here's a question. It's my understanding that the proper spelling for 'Valhalla' in Old Norse or Icelandic is Valhöll (please correct if I'm wrong!). If I were to spell this in Elder Futhark, would I use to 'o' equivalent in the runic alphabet or the 'a' equivalent to replace the 'ö' in Valhöll? Just a really curious thought I've had regarding the consistency of being able to translate the way we speak and the accuracy of how it would be spelled. Thanks!

[@StonerBill420]

You would use the Odalla rune... And the 'V' is pronounced more closely to an 'f' sound.. Also, you would use Fehu instead of Wunjo for another reason I'll explain. Fehu, ansuz, laguz, hagallaz, odalla, laguz-laguz, ansuz ( - )=touching This is one example of when you WOULD use the double 'L' because it has significant meaning: Feh (luck), Ans Lag (communicated through), Hag (destruction/demise), Oda (home), Lag Lag Ans (of the Aesir) Valhalla is always transcribed as a straight line because it signifies the path the series of events travel in Translation: Those with the luck to die in combat shall be granted access to the home of the gods Fehu is used instead of Wunjo because it also means riches as well as luck.. And when put into the series of 'F-A-L' it symbolically means "To earn through..." Note also... Where do you think we get the term "To FALL in battle" Pretty neat huh?

[@rodolfoferreira3010]

Hello Professor Jackson! Can you please (or anyone who knows) help me tranlslate the Portuguese name "Margarida" to Elder?

[@SirWulfrick]

"How do I write [this] in runes?" "no."

[@joellitalien1511]

What if you translate English to Icelandic or old norse ( if its possible), than to runes ? .

[@idocrazzyshit5025]

Love your vids they are helping my understanding. How would you wtite the word WHEREVER in elder futhark?

[@Ggdivhjkjl]

@2:57, did you intentionally exclude stan (i.e. the rune for "st")?

[@Ggdivhjkjl]

@Thomas Hobbs-Allen I doubt it. ᚷᚪᛥ᛫ᛏᛟᛣ᛫ᚪ᛫ᛚᚢᛣ᛫ᚫᛏ᛫ᚦᛁᛋ᛬

[@michaelharris2640]

I'm a little confused, I found a futhorc (Anglo Saxon (old English)) alphabet with A-Z alphabet but how do I know how to write in a reading perspective. I don't want to write as modern English because that would require alphabetical writing decoding. I want someone to read my letter without having to write each modern alphabet to understand. How can I do this?

[@VenomBG180]

How do you write Jack in Elder

[@Toasty_Lime]

What would the proper translation of ‘Hope’ in English to Elder Futhark?

[@joelmilburn6146]

Hi how can I contact you about identifying a language on a tablet?

[@hemidart7]

What about DAWN or JACK or WEB...how do you spell those

[@moles19]

Trying to wrap my head around this concept. Let's say I want to write "Horse" in Anglo- frisian futark runes, could you not simply translate the modern word for horse into the anglo-frisian word (verbal), and then write that in Anglo-frisian futhark? It's the meaning behind the verbal sounds I want into runes, not the English pronunciation. My apologies for the silly question.

[@drock55551]

Thank you for this video. I'm considering getting my daughter's name tattooed on me in Norse Runes. I'm thinking Elder Futhark because I like the way it looks best. I've been contemplating between the spelled words or the phonetical spelling. I've been leaning towards phonetic, because I believe that's how they were used plus it will be shorter... Her full name is over 20 letters long. What do you think and/or suggest? Or should I do a different rune. I also considered Old Irish Runes since my heritage is 73% Irish, but I prefer Elder Futhark.

[@rupestreviajante6664]

May be ironical that writting with runes in romance language (myself being a native portuguese speaker), if you leave behind the accent marks, is easier that english. Many of the phonetic value of the runes are the same of the modern roman letters we use, althougth there is the "lh-" sound and the "nh-" sound.

[@Anton_the_Vampire]

Fascinating video. Here is a thought, how about using bindrunes for the more complicated sounds? It would require the creation of such bindrunes, but isn't that something that was done in Norse cultures for other purposes; why not for language?

[@StonerBill420]

For spelling out the words, you wouldn't need full bindrunes... You would simply have the runes touching instead of being separated to create the sound you want... But if you are annunciating properly, you don't actually need to As for your other question... The bindrunes were done for "magical" purposes The creation of other runes are part of the anglo-saxon and dutch variations of the Futhark

[@SamsquatchTactical]

I want to spell my lastname KORN in futhark. Can anyone help me? I don't want to put the wrong rune.

[@Luciferianful]

33 runes of old English Northumbrian futhork relatively to 24 or just 16 eldef ones...

[@NemyoftheSt8]

How would one write the word " family" in anglo-saxon futhorc? And how would one pronounce it? Any help is much appreciated!

[@andrewmichel6302]

I want to get a tattoo in Norse that says " for my family; I will protect" how would you write that? I would love to find out soon

[@tomchristensen2914]

How can I spell my last name with runes. My family is from Copenhagen and trace back to viking era...

[@AlotOfSunInHeaven]

Hello Dr. Jackson Crawford! Do you happen to know in what way the two modern Norwegian words "att" and "bak" is related, because it seems to me that those two words are used somewhat randomly "gå bak/gå att", "den ligg bakom/attom". What was the words and their relation in Old Norse? Many thanks in advance.

[@Garfield_Minecraft]

i'm finding somebody write runic alphabets in the comment

[@ErickwdWright]

This is so helpful

[@jamesr.taylor169]

Tolkien used Futhorc to write out lots of sentences in modern English.

[@frogbear02]

actually, a runic alphabet for a moder language does exist! i created a runic alphabet specifically for use with modern swedish. its a derivation from medieval runes, and i have a discord server for anyone that knows swedish that would like to learn to use it too, and hopefully even speak with others in swedish using them if i get enough people on the server

[@MauiOG]

Is it possible to do initials for J.P. ? Thanks in advance

[@IllusionarySnowflake]

I'm trying to put "Isha" And "Bailie" In runes but I'm not sure. Like I want it to look like it belongs not like say someone gets a tattoo in Japanese or Chinese saying peace bit in reality it days pizza or something. Can someone help me?

[@StonerBill420]

Phonetically: Baillie would be spelled Berkana, Ehwaz, Laguz, Isa Isha is a little more complicated since it isn't spelled in germanic annunciation... However.. You can get around this by doing "Eiwaz, Sowillo, Hagallaz, Ehwaz" which would spell out like "Eisheh" but would be phonetically accurate

[@StortebeckerSF]

Im wanting to learning the runes myself and want to use them in a more traditional sense, which would you recommend learning? Elder, or Younger Futhark?

[@ZiePe]

What I found confusing is that you mention the English word 'heart' as an example for a diphtong. But from a phonetic point of view there is no diphtong, right? Phonetically there is no difference between 'heart' and the English pronunciation of *'hart'. Am I missing something?

[@StonerBill420]

The problem there is that the 'ea' in heart is a latin based spelling of the word... The spelling itself would be pronounced "h-air-t" which is the same way as "Hertz" which is heart in German... But phonetics are based on latin annunciation

[@lonleybeer]

In Dutch and Flemish, the "sh" sound is written like "sch"

[@mrroadrage3217]

I genuinely wish I lived in America so I could have you as a professor to teach me all about Vikings, any and all futhark's, and the languages because I absolutely love Vikings and their culture, I actually wanna be a Ancient history professor when I am older, possibly even do what you do. I think that'd be my dream job/ career

[@klausolekristiansen2960]

Why not najt?

[@BecOutWest]

COULD SOMEONE PLEASE HELP? :) Getting a tattoo of my kids names in old viking runes and am having trouble with the letter 'Y'. My sons names Riley and daughters Matilda. Some websites have different answers! Cheers! :)

[@StonerBill420]

Jera is the letter 'Y' pronounced "yera" and is the symbol for harvest a.k.a "year" However, it is used for the "yuh" sound so phonetically you wouldn't use it for Riley... But purely for aesthetic reasons it's fine to use

[@TheFlameEcho]

What would the rune for Y be in elder futhark ? Jera or Uruz?

[@Raventherose]

I think it be jera

[@bluesdealer]

What is the best way to replicate a long ā vowel, as in “face” or “haste”?

[@wulf659]

the anglo furthorc has runes for long and short a

[@taududeblobber221]

ei

[@brigettebrinton8710]

Ah, this video makes me remember why I love linguistics... and why I'm a SCAdian...

[@shyjellythepunk5480]

I use a Jerry rigged anglo Saxon futhorc

[@jonhalvorson291]

what about names, such as my last name of Halvorson.

[@THECUMBRIANYOKEL]

At the end of this video you say you typically use old English runes to write in.... yet in another video (also made 5y sgo) you say you typically use younger futhark. Which is it? 😁

[@irgendwer3610]

assuming that the roman alphabet perfectly represents english

[@bluesdealer]

IrgendWer well, much better than Fuþark runes, but we did have some casualties: þ, ð, æ, etc.

[@mycobob222]

How would you Write a name

[@D3monL3A1]

Canne êow dihtan unornlic englisc mid Rûnstæf?

[@jockeberg4089]

Preach it brother!

[@odinsonn6031]

In my humble opinion for some English words that cannot be written correctly in runes one mi8ght consider translating the word into a more fitting language first. Norwegian or Icelandic perhaps. For example; "fish" in English is easier to write in rune if is is translated to 'Fisk'. Just as "English" can be translated to 'Engelsk'. Either example is then very simple to write in say Elder FUTHARK.

[@StonerBill420]

For a word like fish.. We actually just removed the extra 'c' from the German "Fisch" so the runic spelling "fiskh" would be accurate... The issue is, like he mentioned in the video, the aptitude if the reader

[@daniellesharp6650]

How would you spell Brother and Sister?

[@cesar_8336]

ᛒᚱᚬᚦᛅᚱ and ᛋᚹᛇᛥᚩᚱ (bróðir and sweostor). Consult wiktionary for more words.

[@ameynarkhede8264]

so I guess runes are similar to Devanagari script which is used in most Indian languages

[@aerobolt256]

InValhalla WithOdin both go back to the Phoenician Abjad

[@BlodOgJern]

how so?

[@ameynarkhede8264]

Zack K Devanagari script is based on pronounciation of a whole sound. For example name jackson would be written in 4 letters. I think this is the same case with runes

[@aerobolt256]

InValhalla WithOdin no there are full letters for vowels. "WODIN" would be written with 5 runes, not 3

[@ameynarkhede8264]

Aero Bolt ohh so is this same case with all different types of runes?

[@Luciferianful]

For example knight should br spelled in runes as KNIHT as old English prenorman spelling doth suggest

[@EveInTheMachine]

At least with the problem with the "sh" or "sch" sound - I'd be tempted to just insert the Cyrillic "ш" or "щ" letters, lol. And really that's a whole other point of observation - why do the runic alphabets and Cyrillic scripts look SO similar?

[@Banom7a]

or a german ß