Acid Base Equilibrium Practice - Organic Chemistry

[@rutashubanyuma4546]

I still remember you when I was studying, your tricks were superb and helped me a lot thanks keep it up aunt!

[@Leah4sci]

That's awesome to hear, thank you! All done with orgo now?

[@Tyjohn101]

Thank you, this video will definitely help me on my exam tomorrow!

[@Leah4sci]

Glad I could help! How did your exam go?

[@sarahbahreinian9713]

Hi Leah - I have a question about the last example. IF we compared the acid and conjugate acid, wouldn't we end up finding that the arrow would point in the opposite direction since the acid is more stable than the conjugate acid?

[@zellelight3489]

Same question I think if we use acid as our basis for equilibrium, maybe the equilibrium would shift to less stable acid?? Because if we use bases, equilibrium would go to more stable base. Just maybe (I ain't sure about this) it's the opposite if we use acids

[@Leah4sci]

That’s a really good question! I chose to compare the two bases because they are charged species. My acids are both neutral. I would rather have a more stable, resonating charged species favored in my equilibrium (because charged molecules are less stable to begin with).

[@aaryangaikwad7831]

Thank you for this acid base series!! :D

[@Leah4sci]

You're welcome!

[@joshkamunda9589]

Thank you so much..This will be of great help for my organic chemistry test on Saturday.🙏

[@Leah4sci]

You're so welcome, I'm glad to help!

[@Shahram19702010]

Just amazing explanation 👍

[@Leah4sci]

Thank you so much! Glad you liked it.

[@ScritchxScratch]

Well explained! Thanks so much :)

[@Leah4sci]

You're very welcome!

[@ax3948]

Best explanation I have come across!!

[@Leah4sci]

Glad it was helpful!

[@cariopside6916]

thanks, this is more logical for me that only remember like a computer the pka of the compunds.

[@Leah4sci]

You're very welcome!

[@pralay5156]

Superb video.learned a lot.thanks for help 👍

[@Leah4sci]

You're so welcome!

[@khiemoan2894]

Thank you Miss Leah for your helpful lessons! By the way, I don’t know how to compare the basicity between C6H5-NH2 and (C6H5)2-NH, could you help me with that?

[@Leah4sci]

See my acid/base series and consider what an extra benzene ring does to the molecule (think in terms of EDG and EWG)

[@khiemoan2894]

⁠@@Leah4sci😊😊😊 Sure! Thanks a million!

[@meerasabtamboli5943]

Thanks for sharing. It was really helpful!

[@Leah4sci]

You're very welcome, glad I could help!

[@pexaminer]

And yet another great video!

[@Leah4sci]

Thank you!

[@anthonytakouam4324]

Shouldn't the carbon on the structure with 4 resonances be sp3 rather than sp2? Around the 10 minute mark?

[@Leah4sci]

The sp2 carbon atom on the screen at 10:00 is labeled correctly. It has 3 bonds around it (1 double bond and 2 single bonds) and 0 lone pairs. That makes it an sp2 hybridized carbon. For an in depth look at sp3, sp2 and sp hybridization, make sure to view my tutorial on my website at Leah4sci.com/Hybrid

[@andreacardoza4713]

why did you compare acid-conj.base charge on first problem then base-conj.base on the second one? which one should we compare?

[@Leah4sci]

I cover this in detail in the acid/base videos when I show you how to rank based on charge. Look for the series video 'C' for 'Charge'

[@kaverisomaiah6759]

i finally understand omg thank you so muchhhhh

[@Leah4sci]

You are very welcome!

[@haliaa4256]

On the last practice problem, wouldnt the equilibrium go to the left? Because the c.Base is a stronger base than the base on the left side. While the c.Acid is a weaker acid? Wouldnt the molecules on the right side be less happy? And the reaction would then go to the left? PLEASE ANSWER QUICKLY

[@Leah4sci]

No, that would be incorrect. The base on the left side of the equation is a stronger base because, by the Lewis definition, it is more willing to donate its electrons. The conjugate base is more stable, as it is resonance stabilized and more able to hold on to the negative charge (rather than donate it). For these reasons, the equilibrium favors the right.

[@kaitlinring5355]

On the last example, could we also compare the base and conj. base in terms of induction and orbital? Bennzene ring will have more inductive influence. Resonance of the conj. base will make the Nitrogen double bond to benzene ring, giving sp2. sp2 more stable? Or do we only compare orbital effect when comparing acid and base strength?

[@Leah4sci]

Yes, you are correct. Induction and orbital hybridization also play a role here. The nitrogen in our conjugate base is sp2 hybridized with resonance and therefore less basic (more stable) than the base. This is only further evidence that our equilibrium for this reaction will lie to the right.

[@clarquent]

CARIO , thanks for that !

[@Leah4sci]

You're very welcome! did you see the CARIO videos in detail?

[@clarquent]

@@Leah4sci Not yet no ! Have a great weekend !

[@Leah4sci]

Make sure to watch those next for more in-depth review and more practice

[@anamikakumari6669]

Thank you ma'am, helped me so much.☺️☺️☺️

[@Leah4sci]

Glad to hear that, you're so welcome!

[@stevensosa5995]

Thanks! Great practice

[@Leah4sci]

You're very welcome!

[@colinwang3542]

It is great. But, how to explain the reaction of acetic acid and NH3 (both are neutral)?

[@Leah4sci]

Excellent question! At first glance, you would think this reaction to have a reactant-favored equilibrium because neutral species are usually preferred over the charged species formed. However, the resonance effects are strong here with the carboxylate ion. Once acetic acid is deprotonated, it forms a stable, resonating structure that pulls the equilibrium to the right.

[@herbertgunther8951]

And if i do not know the products, how do i determine which one of the reactants is the acid and whichone the base? e.g. 4 Nitrophenol (pkA~7) and 4 Nitroaniline (pkA~1) is the one with the lower pkA (in this case 4 Nitroaniline) than the acid and gets deprotonated? and if no nitro groups are present: Phenol (pkA~10) and Aniline (pkA~27) then the Phenol gets deprotonated? I am a little bit confused :D

[@Leah4sci]

Yes, if you are lucky enough to have or be given the pKa values, then you can expect the one with the lower pKa to act as the better acid. In your two examples, that would be nitroaniline and phenol acting as acids. If you are not given the pKa values, then you can predict your own products and run through the CARIO mnemonic to see if your products are favored. If not, you probably chose the wrong acid/base combination. Switch the acid and base!

[@swaminipatel3811]

you are incredible

[@Leah4sci]

Wow, thank you so much!

[@cicada7520]

Thanks for you

[@Leah4sci]

You're very welcome

[@nyomimorris6364]

I thought the side with the weaker acid would be favored ???

[@Leah4sci]

That's correct. If you think one of the examples in this video contradicted that, feel free to contact me through my website at Leah4sci.com/contact

[@blessy-mayalonzo2576]

Thankyou❤

[@Leah4sci]

you're welcome