Activation of Lymphocytes

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[@GoodbyeRubyTu3sday]

If only 10% of teachers and professors around the globe were as clear and amazing at teaching as you are the word would be a better place.

[@danawilson2771]

This is an outstanding introduction to and overview of the subject. None of this information existed when I entered medical school 58 years ago! Video clips like these are transforming education, and notably medical education. I am a great fan of the Khan Academy, but your talk is much better that theirs (MHO, obviously).

[@AKLECTURES]

Thanks Dana! Wow - 58 years ago! Medical school must have been so different back then :)

[@nellyhoffman6194]

Thanks AK lectures your videos are great

[@nooshinmirzaee7008]

he is the best..

[@andream1783]

He is awesome! Many helpful videos.

[@enochbrown8178]

Agree on all points.

[@linlin-cp5bg]

Oh my god! I have been having a hard time to understand! This instructor is amazing, he explain very clear and easy to understand ! Very Sophisticated!

[@frfr77]

you are a GENIUS Andrey seriously ! English is not even my mother tongue( i'm studying in Paris) but you make everything so clear and concise , i passed my biochem class thanks to you during the first semester and now you are helping me with physio and biology , thanks you so much for the effort and work that you put in all theses videos I'm more then grateful ! Wish you all the best .

[@raanoooshh9296]

Splendid as always! :) 5:00 for clear picture

[@duhaq1580]

God ! Finally I understood this ! Tomorrow I'll make a presentation about immune system This helped me alot 🖤 Thank u !

[@boxbury]

This was explained very clearly. Usually I have to stop and play back on such subject matter and this just went right in. Thank you!

[@DissectionLabBio103]

This was great, and tied some loose ends together. Thank you, I hope you continue to build on your work here!

[@egberuarelydia1312]

your lecture videos are always 100 simplified ,easy to understand and amazing.I have been watching videos on you tube but i have never seen anyone close to the standard of your videos.your videos have been really helpful.Thank you for a Job well done

[@slimanelamia3225]

I can never thank u enough for this great vd. U made it so easy . U are my saver every single time . I know I can find any thing that I want in ur channel. Thank u sir From algeria

[@teresaarisarasaelim156]

Thank you so much, you're better than my teacher that has been teaching me for a year !

[@roaahashim9373]

when you finally understand you want to cry ❤

[@giantaquilam1849]

This is everything I wanted to know. I got my many doubts cleared from this single video.. you are a good teacher

[@chloe161088]

Thanks for the great videos. I like how they are broken down into sections because it makes it easier to just watch the parts you don't fully understand.

[@jaredwainwright4621]

"what that means is" love it when he says that

[@raanoooshh9296]

or "in just a moment" hahah

[@williamwaters4506]

You explain this better then some of the doctors on KZbin.

[@uronaturopathyclinic]

You are a real asset for all of us ! Thank you one million times

[@saadalosemi]

I'm grateful to you you made the subject much more easier

[@debyogunkayode821]

You saved my life bro

[@OmarAli-py3pq]

جدا شكرا جزيلا 💙💙💙💙 Alot of love sir ❤️❤️❤️❤️❤️

[@bside9235]

Amazing, all in one breath!!

[@ibrahimbarjis2]

Really you are amazing and deserves Noble Prize

[@basicmed7514]

3 hours for our lecturer to explain this. and i didnt even understand it. Thank you.

[@basmaibrahim9033]

Such a great video! Thank you :)

[@ritwikkolhe946]

You are just amazing💯👍🏼, you explained so perfecrtly👍🏼 , Thank u very much!!

[@ahmad1172]

Very nice and simple lecture. Thank you.

[@meeromeer8812]

Thanks a lot.

[@mrzero4277]

Excellent teacher!! Thanks!!

[@paulaandreamarinzapata2777]

Great introduction. Thanks a lot !!

[@samaviazulfiqar7915]

Just soooooo helpful

[@shavinduhettiarachchi5768]

this is just too good thannk you 😌

[@Stauv]

Wow! Incredible! Great job!

[@john.the.beloved]

You’re the best here on KZbin ❤️

[@labdhiparakhjain5154]

Great video thnk u

[@mariamemmi8943]

Thank you for this video, i just want to ask you about the Treg (regulatory) you didn't spoke about it in this video, can you please explain more about this generation of T cells, I would lik to understand more about that especially when we have an HIV infection! thank you.

[@raniamousa1134]

i have never understand this lesson befor >>thanks to your lecture you made it easier for me to understand well ..thank you very much ...god bless you ^_^

[@buthainaalmajed6957]

One word: PERFECT!

[@Lakshmi235Lakshmi]

Thank you so much 🙏🙏🙏

[@ayatal-laaeiby2320]

With your video, I can have complete understand about immune system defences

[@gabyfridman7475]

Thank You !!!

[@farahhaider4824]

thank you.......really thank you so much ,this video helped me alot

[@chancao770]

Wow, you explained a GOD question

[@eghonghonomonbude4643]

Thank you very much sir, God bless you sir 🙏.

[@bt6611]

Wow. Good job. That was a great video.

[@emiderkx7299]

It's so nice to finally find someone who explains difficult subjects the way I understand them! But I'm just a bit puzzled about the APC (in this case a macrophage), but at my university they say the Dendritic Cells (DCs) present the proteins and mediate between the helper T-cells and the Cytotoxic T-cells. Can I just 'replace' Macrophage with Dendritic Cells, or is that a whole other story?

[@TheXrader123]

Dendritic cells found in the tissues of the skin, lungs and GI tract. Interchangeable in examples but I'd like to think it is question dependant.

[@lorazhang457]

Thanks for information. Just wondering, if the original antigen presenting cell e.g. macrophage has ingested a bacteria and presents this bacterial antigen to activate a helper T cell, which then combines with an similarly bacterial presenting B lymphocyte leading to the eventual production of B lymphocytes and cytotoxic T cell, how would this cytotoxic T cell that binds to antigens on a MCH class 1 infected cells eg. from a virus, have acquired the specificity for a virus?

[@peteryoung6794]

Question: How do the B lymphocytes after Step 5 already have something bound to the MHC II complex? In other words, where do those ligands come from? Are they from the current infection or from previous interaction with a similar infection?

[@giorgostakousiis3748]

if anyone knows, please answer!

[@najihaahhh]

because b cell already engulf the same pathogen . and those pathogen already break down into peptide and it then display on mhc class 2 on its surface.

[@SaraAhmed-se9xj]

That's very amazing think you doctor💜💜

[@MA-dd9dd]

You're great

[@shwetashinde5831]

First of all this is so nice explanation😍😍bt i have 1 doubt. Does only activated T helper cells can interact with B cells?? Inactivated T helpers always need to interact with macrophage first??

[@KieraRacey]

I thought we learn in class that dendritic cells are the innate immune cells that bridge the adaptive in which they present MHCII with antigen to T cells? This is why I was confused as to why there are 2 other APCs when we get told in class dendritic cells are the cells that travel to lymph to activate T cells

[@enochbrown8178]

Antigen presenting cells include dendritic cells, macrophages, and B-cells.

[@kenanalkenani694]

Very nice, thank you very much

[@user-el8dh8kc7z]

thank you so much AK

[@amirashaaban]

Just amazing. thanks, you really helped me alot. But I was just wondering if you could share the notes at which you're illustrating so that I could print them?

[@AKLECTURES]

+Amira Shaban Thats a work in progress, i hope to have that on my website site eventually. unfortunately, that requires times and funds and those are hard to come around nowadays.

[@amirashaaban]

Oh alright. Really waiting for this website. Thanks so much anyways :).

[@Rainmaker2000]

best video ever

[@vero8917]

Thanks so much for this video! You made it very clear and insightful! #microbiologyexam4istoday

[@shekarsubramanian9562]

I have a doubt - I understood the part where the macrophage breaks the bacteria and removes the antigen from the bacteria onto its surface, but where does the b-lymphocyte get its antigen from - when did it interact with the pathogen?

[@enochbrown8178]

Neutrophils release their antigens into the tissues. From there, the antigens migrate to the lymph nodes where they meet the B-cell with the correct B-cell receptor.

[@joseluisramirezaparco8102]

I have many questionsn for this topic. For example, why the B-leucocythes have the bacterial antigen at the time the T-Helper Leucocytes binds the B-leucocythes....

[@chongjingxuan2660]

B lymphocytes have receptors that will bind the antigen floating in body that released by pathogen.

[@zoyeb100]

So basically B cells do the same thing as macrophages (first part) i.e. engulf breakdown and present antigens.?

[@Reni8705]

Fantastic 👍🏽😀😀thx

[@mr.megzawi4060]

Helpfull thank you very mush

[@turtle-mew]

none of my biology professors are as good as you

[@mycobacteriumtuberculosis6913]

How are you able to retain very vast knowledge of information? I'm just a normal person. But how can I be like you? I want to become as efficient as you.

[@sarahclairview]

thank you so much

[@shirintabei3301]

Thank u so so much! U are doing great!! Please keep going! : )

[@marcctwain8504]

Thanks alot

[@TriviaQu]

One thing is not clear how lymphocytes B MHC II WICH IS STILL INACTIVE bind to the antigen which is colored in red ?

[@srirambhardwaj2343]

Thank.you.very.much.sir.

[@asadalam9955]

Can plz someone help my out Is'nt Macrophage with MHC type 2 attaches with the b lymphocytes rather than t helper cell

[@DrDanielHoward]

great

[@najihaahhh]

nice video , but i was curious about what is exactly effector cell and blast cell. ? anyone know ?

[@joejection]

love it love all of them will be recommending!

[@manahelothman9513]

I love it

[@nejatandzahranz4660]

wow, thanks alot

[@kwakukoranteng6067]

Does an HIV hometest kit contain antigens that can infect a person?

[@giantaquilam1849]

Do helper Tcell possess ability to produce cytotoxic the cell directly.. 2 . what is the function of T cell rather than producing cytotoxic t cell?

[@5omethingsBetterThanNothing]

i am not sure if this is what you mean but yes according to my knowledge as soon as the t-cell is activated it can divide multiply and differentiate into different cells, including cytotoxic t-cell the t cell once activated can divide to form different t-cells including more helper t-cells that release ILK-2 to stimulate other t-cells and ILK-4 which stimulate the proliferation of other b-cell. some also become memory t-cells some also become suppresser t-cells. also cytotoxic t-cells.

[@eliasasefa684]

[@rhiannonmorrison-williams4073]

is he saying Lucozade or Lymphocyte?

[@kennynieto3764]

activa los subtítulos bro

[@anthony64632]

no captions available ??? i am DEAF

[@amalabbas3880]

Lysozyme and not lysosome

[@anshasmith6936]

Hehe simplified!! 😂😂😂

[@sunildubey2114]

In hindi