Analytical Instrumentation 09: Basics & Principles of Raman Spectroscopy | Raman Effect Explained

Welcome to Episode 9 of our "Analytical Instrumentation" series! 🔬✨
In this animated video, we delve into the basics and principles of Raman Spectroscopy, a pivotal technique in qualitative and quantitative analysis within research laboratories, QC labs, and the field of analytical chemistry. Whether you're a student, researcher, or laboratory technician, understanding Raman Spectroscopy is essential for accurate molecular identification and concentration determination.
📚 What You'll Learn in This Video:
Introduction to Raman Spectroscopy:
Raman Effect Overview: Understanding the phenomenon of Raman scattering and its significance in spectroscopy.
Rayleigh vs. Raman Scattering: Differentiating between elastic Rayleigh scattering and inelastic Raman scattering.
Mechanism of Raman Scattering:
Inelastic Photon-Electron Collisions: How photons interact with electrons to produce Raman scattering.
Energy Difference: The role of energy differences between incident and emitted photons in generating Raman lines.
Stokes and Anti-Stokes Lines:
Stokes Lines: Emission lines with frequencies lower than the incident photons.
Anti-Stokes Lines: Emission lines with frequencies higher than the incident photons.
Two-Photon Process: Understanding how Raman scattering involves two-photon interactions.
Energy Level Diagrams:
Molecular Energy States: Visual representation of singlet and triplet states in molecules.
Emission Pathways: How energy transitions lead to the emission of Stokes and Anti-Stokes lines.
Applications of Raman Spectroscopy:
Qualitative Analysis: Identifying molecular structures based on Raman spectra.
Quantitative Analysis: Determining concentrations of analytes using Raman intensity.
Spectrofluorimeter Integration: How Raman Spectroscopy complements other analytical instruments.
Hands-On Demonstrations:
Practical Examples: Real-world scenarios showcasing the use of Raman Spectroscopy in analytical applications.
Troubleshooting Tips: Common issues encountered during Raman measurements and how to resolve them for accurate results.
🔍 Key Topics Covered:
Raman Spectroscopy fundamentals
Raman vs. Rayleigh scattering
Stokes and Anti-Stokes lines
Energy level diagrams and molecular states
Mechanism of Raman scattering
Applications in qualitative and quantitative analysis
Practical examples and hands-on demonstrations
🎯 Target Audience:
Students and professionals in analytical chemistry
Researchers and laboratory technicians
Individuals interested in the mechanics of analytical instrumentation
Anyone looking to deepen their understanding of scientific instrumentation and analytical techniques
Stay calm and keep learning! Whether you're a student, researcher, or enthusiast aged 14 to 30, this tutorial will equip you with the knowledge to master Raman Spectroscopy effectively-all through engaging 2D animations!
🔔 Don't forget to like, share, and subscribe for more insightful and educational videos on analytical instruments and engineering concepts!
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[@PracticalNinjas]

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[@giancarlomirandacastro213]

Hi! could you tell me which program did you use to make the draws? Many thanks in advance and sorry to bluntly ask you that.

[@zey2012]

This is so much simpler and easier to understand than the 8-page instruction from my class. Thanks a ton!

[@eliobatista3399]

Word

[@OlumideOni]

Nothing more than "Thank you". This is a very simple straight-to-the-point explanantion

[@PracticalNinjas]

Thanks Olumide Oni :) We are glad you liked the video.

[@lisanation2203]

im stressing out of my head doing my last minute chemistry and this comic sans honestly calmed me down so much

[@PracticalNinjas]

Glad we could help :)

[@griffitheternity4908]

Thanks - using RAMAN for my PHD and this was a great overview

[@video7639]

me too :)

[@syredeathtrooper]

Fantastic video. So concise and so clear. Explained better than most PhD professors could!

[@PrabhavShukla1]

This was so beautifully explained! I learnt all this in my 1st year of Engineering and forgot about it since it was not used in my work. I had to know the basics again today and other videos I went through left me even more confused, until I stumbled upon yours. Saved me a ton of time I'd have spent going back to reference books. Thanks a lot man! Musch appreciated

[@PracticalNinjas]

Glad we could help you Prabhav Shukla. Thanks a lot for your positive comments. Such feedback from our viewers motivates us to create and publish such more videos :)

[@ruloufo]

I'm an analytical chemist and this is the best Raman spectroscopy explanation I've ever seen! Well done!

[@sushmitagautam5397]

I can't imagine anyone else teaching in such a Simplified Way...👌 Thanks 🙏🙏🙏 sir

[@smrutiranjanmohapatra5487]

Man you explained so well than my Copycat Book and My teacher hats off to you 😊

[@SubrahmanyamDevarakonda]

its not about electrons. The molecules have different vibrational levels. Raman scattering doesnt have enough energy to make electronic configuration shift. It just changes vibrational state of molecule. I guess.

[@Taiki-vo7tu]

Watching this as a revision for my test tomorow and i can confidently say that ive never had this topic explained to me so well before

[@bhattvd1]

You are a good teacher! First time a lay man like me can understand Raman Spectrometry! Thanks.

[@suryanshvaibhav]

Now it is clear why and how raman effect it is ?? Thank You ❣️

[@Niet177]

So simple and didactic, just brilliant.

[@ammarbarbhaiwala9908]

I have been studying this topic in physics and I could understand it but you made it so simpler

[@PracticalNinjas]

We are glad you liked the explanation :)

[@hanaa5365]

Could you please share your material if you still have it?

[@linaamer2857]

Suddenly I like instrumental analysis, thanks bro 👍⚘

[@titonsaha799]

OMG! I became a fan of you just watching a single video. Very much simpler & very easier to understand. It's very attractive also ; I just amazed throughout the video! 😍

[@PracticalNinjas]

Thanks for your support and feedback :) We are glad you liked the video.

[@vidal9747]

Thank you. Learning Raman for my undergrad project and this video was very useful

[@camilarocha6465]

Straightforward and easy to understand. Thank you!

[@follow_the_right_path876]

Thanks a loooooooooot for doing this video I was very much stressed out because I have to submit my project report by tomorrow and have to prepare it faster Then I found this video that gave a very good understanding on the topic so that I can easily write it 🎉 Thanks🎉🎉

[@foot2road374]

Very simple to understand

[@charumalik6728]

nice video. Your explanation was quite thorough.

[@PracticalNinjas]

Thanks Charu Malik for such positive words. Glad you liked the video.

[@pandidpt2000]

Enna ga

[@rishavharsh7014]

Your video is short, concise and misleading. Yes, you can explain the concept of stokes and anti-stokes with respect to electronic energy levels. But in raman spectroscopy, it is performed usually to observe the lattice vibrations in a sample. You missed out the part where you had to correlate the vibrational energy levels with phonon excitation which is the core of raman effect. Most people would keep your electronic excitation viewpoint if they dont look for more elaborate explanations. I do appreciate your video and we need more of it but it should be complete. All the very best for future works.

[@PracticalNinjas]

Thank you! Our backgrounds are not in pure sciences and we are interested in explaining the basics for better and easier understanding of the concepts. Appreciate your inputs, we will try to improve in the future ones.

[@tdhanasekaran3536]

This explanation is good for Physical Chemistry students who are just beginning. The Raman effects are much more involved and an ocean by itself in science. For example to understand Raman effects in Solid state physics (crystalline amorphous and something in between) requires a deep knowledge in physics including Quantum mechanics and modelling of the Raman Spectra in complex situations to make sense of the experimentally observed Spectra.

[@InfinityUnknown201]

Thank you so much for your sharp teaching. It's really help a lot to me. Thank you again

[@aseema2408]

omg guys...this is the most clear explanation I've seen of the raman effect. You guys are really out here saying us students at the last minute. Cheers. Please keep making more videos :D

[@PracticalNinjas]

Thanks Ashima Khanna. We are glad you liked our videos :)

[@maleshj6108]

Ashima Kh

[@jivvala824]

Excellent video on the subject line with a very clear explanation and interesting schematics. Thank you and Keep doing such kind of useful tutorials.

[@micelamicela]

Thank you very much! Greetings from Serbia.

[@amiyarmahapatra8367]

Thnq for this short video. plz keep uploading such videos, this saves time and is more useful than going through the texts.

[@PracticalNinjas]

Thanks Amiya R Mahapatra :) We will surely keep uploading such videos

[@sagarsameer6442]

it was really good you should cover more of such topics especially of laser and spectroscopy.

[@samarthjain601]

Best video I have seen.well done

[@aqeelshahul9176]

thanks for making such a clear and concise video!

[@arjunbarwal1502]

Simple but to the point, valueable explanation. Thank u

[@j.d.burton5097]

The inelastic process in Raman is a change in vibrational and/or rotational energy state of whole molecules. What is explained here sounds more like electronic excitations, like in florescence.

[@officialblue967]

I’ve never seen this explained better. Amazing job!

[@PracticalNinjas]

Thanks and do subscribe for more information 😎

[@khgopalakrishna8682]

This was incredibly helpful. Beautiful Explanation. Thank you so much

[@Rahul-kg8it]

Very understanding within 5 min..

[@PracticalNinjas]

Thanks and do subscribe for more information 😎

[@nailsonvasconcelos9094]

Thank you from Brazil!

[@अमिततिवारी-ल2छ]

i am big fan of this channel

[@samiramammadova4942]

Thank you very much for such good explanation . Great

[@PracticalNinjas]

Glad you liked our video Samira Mammadova.

[@normadayanimerazmorales2516]

It was hard found some information about that I'm learning English, but you did it very easy for me, thank you a lot.

[@LeninIbarra-g9y]

Thanks! this is the best explanation ever

[@rufaidnabi4137]

wonderful explanation

[@ManojKumar-cj7oj]

Thank you so much,great work ,I appreciate it from bottom of my heart ,love you 😊

[@firatbulak]

You are the man! Thank you for this perfect video!

[@sikanderhayat7269]

thanks for sharing such vedio

[@aksharasajeev4514]

Thank you so much for this excellent video Sir 😊🙏 lotz of prayers to you and your family

[@MrDiego8536]

Great explanation. Very helpful, thanks!

[@RyukoChan87]

Wow this was so useful! Thank you very much! :D

[@zainabjawad122]

It is amazing video 👍👍🙏

[@dr.masapoguyellappa1587]

Nice explanation with understandable language

[@BrainOnn]

Holy guacamole dude can you please explain the whole of physics like that?

[@PracticalNinjas]

Will try to...

[@ramisamuelson6941]

wow dude your video saved me, thank you very much!!!!

[@PracticalNinjas]

We are glad we could help SoloTape

[@digidavisc2673]

Presentation is very nice

[@jayachoudhary4008]

nice and simple to understand

[@shaiksubhani7704]

Nice Video Thakes

[@cholokX]

Thanks for sharing

[@sreevidyasuresh7038]

Thank you so much for explaining it very simply 💞

[@olamarca7171]

I have just watched other film about Raman scattering and the guy said that the energy is not absorbed in Raman and electrons are NOT excited in Raman and this is the difference between Raman and fluorescence. So?

[@pallabisarma5200]

this vdo is truely helpful ...thank you

[@cucao2002]

Muchas gracias! Saludos desde Chile

[@AA-fi1yu]

Thank you for explanation. But I have just two similar questions. Does the electron possesses different vibrational levels, or molecule? Does radiation impacts on molecule or electron?

[@qienng8376]

Wonderful video! Thank you for your explanation

[@neetisingh2825]

Such a crystal clear explanation 👍

[@eric831017win]

Thanks from Taiwan

[@coldram1111]

We use this exact principle to check the etch rate on wafers.

[@pauloh9974]

very nice explanation

[@yogitakukreja2296]

Thankyou so much.. this was really helpful...you made it so easy!

[@RGSClassesEssential]

at 2:50 you are saying the vibration level of 'electron' I think the whole discussion should be understood in terms of the vibrational or rotational state of the 'molecule'. please correct me if I am wrong.

[@The_Knowledge_Artisan]

That helps so much . Insane

[@ಅನಂತ್ಕುಮಾರ್-ಣ1ಮ]

Thank u for lucid explanation

[@PracticalNinjas]

We are glad you liked the video

[@lokeshgnanasekar]

Very nice and clear. Awesome video!!!!!!!!

[@simphiwedhlamini5399]

Great video thanks

[@naledikutumela1636]

Thank you so much for this video🙏🏽🙏🏽

[@akhileshtiwari7099]

Thanks 😊 sir Your explanation was best 👍👍

[@arshiakhan6959]

please give some examples of raman data

[@rishikamaji7709]

Great video... Peace out buddy

[@lrellisderth118]

Thanks for the video. It's a lot more accessible than much of the information out there. Question--why would any given electron in the 1% be more likely to go to a higher/lower energy level than the other 99% when incident light hits it? For an anti-Stokes shift, it makes sense that it might be because the e might have slightly more energy than its peers but not enough to go to the next vibrational state... but why might it go down to a lower vibrational level? Also, are there some materials that Raman scattering is more likely to be observed in?

[@PracticalNinjas]

We are glad you liked the video. The doubt you asked is very interesting. However the main purpose of this video is to understand how raman spectroscopy works. The answer to your query requires a discussion on molecular vibration theory (our knowledge is very limited on it though :) ). To answer the question in short, the vibrational energy of a molecule in a sample changes continuously due to interactions with other molecules in the sample. The percentage of molecules in a given vibrational level is calculated using the Boltzmann distribution. The Raman effect is based on molecular deformations in electric field E determined by molecular polarizability. The laser (source of EMR in raman spectroscopy) interacts with sample and induces electric dipole moment which deforms molecules, and the molecules start vibrating with characteristic frequency. A molecule with no Raman-active mode will undergo rayleigh scattering whereas the one with Raman active mode will have stokes and anti-stokes lines. (ref: web.pdx.edu/~larosaa/Applied_Optics_464-564/Projects_Optics/Raman_Spectrocopy/Raman_Spectroscopy_Basics_PRINCETON-INSTRUMENTS.pdf). You can also refer to (www.researchgate.net/post/How_can_you_tell_if_a_molecule_is_Raman_active) for more information on this topic. Hope we have helped you with your query :)

[@helanisinghapurage1733]

Perfect explanation I looked for. Thank you.

[@PSTWFBo]

Happy National Science Day! Raman Scatt. Effect, Monochromatic light,Rayleigh/ Stokes Line, Spectrum kzbin.info/www/bejne/anTEc42pq8iGhtE

[@ConanSoshi]

Big thanks

[@googlegoogle1610]

very great explanation :)

[@manideepak2605]

crystal clear explaination....thankyou

[@Smoothcurveup52]

Thank you so much sir 🙏 best explaination

[@abhinav1149]

very good explanation. keep it up.

[@Matescium]

Your explanation don't tell in details but its easy to understand the basic principle or Raman Spectroscopy.

[@PracticalNinjas]

The main goal of the video was to explain the basics of Raman Spectroscopy :)

[@Sidtube10]

Awesome explanation!

[@Cowboy_Consultants]

thx its pretty good explanation

[@chamomile3620]

This is excellent

[@bishalsarkar73]

Nice explanation

[@monikabassi2288]

Wonderful👍

[@sparshagarwal6111]

best video. Thank you for explaining it so well.

[@PracticalNinjas]

Thank you Sparsh Agarwal :)

[@jaslinesam7097]

Thanku so much sir...gdclass

[@Write_with_me_gknotes]

Thank you so much for the video

[@thecerebrum.]

You are amazing, please keep up the good work!

[@ishakashyap6974]

Can you please answer one question? Predict the Raman scatter peak in water when excitation wavelength is: a) 280nm b) 355nm Please 🙏

[@fractalnomics]

Fantastic, thank you. I am about to present on my channel how Raman spectroscopy will have us reinterpret the greenhouse atmosphere and this is useful background for me and others I hope. Raman spec. identifies N2 and O2's spectra, and their temperatures, and concentrations 4:13, and as a result I claim they too are greenhouse gases.

[@PracticalNinjas]

Sounds interesting Blair Macdonald. Instead of just understanding about the raman spectroscopy, it will be interesting for viewers to see how it can be applied and used for analysis. Thanks a lot for your comments and we are glad we could help. We will surely check your video once you publish it :)

[@walidlouardi868]

bro that was a great explanation!

[@mouniaelyousfi9740]

very helpful, thanks

[@نوريوسف-س2ج]

very useful > thank you

[@motoshisobue1568]

Simple and easy! thanks.