Ancient Egypt Dynasty by Dynasty - Second Dynasty of Egypt / Dynasty II

[@ArturdeSousaRocha]

It's the obscure history that is the most intriguing and enticing.

[@HistorywithCy]

Yeah, it's really interesting... lots of missing pieces though sometimes make it difficult and at times frustrating to know what actually happened, but the journey to getting those answers can be fun and rewarding! Thanks so much for stopping by, really appreciate it! More on the way, stay tuned and safe!

[@brandonchdib5380]

Similar to the “you want what you dont have “thing

[@brendanreilly4675]

I was mainly intrigued of the second dynasty of Egypt specifically because that’s what one of my textbooks claims is when the first ever recorded civil war happened. Which is somewhat true but it was not as violent as some would expect

[@meilinchan7314]

Because everyone's looking for places to insert ANCIENT ALIENSSSSSSS.

[@shoalshade9487]

"Not a lot of people are interested in Egypt's second dynasty." Who do you think is subscribed to you? I love your Egypt videos!

[@gedgar]

Yes :3

[@HistorywithCy]

Haha yeah well most people don't make it to the end of each video so I'm thrilled that you and other were captivated until the end! As for "who do you think is subscribed to you?" My answer: the greatest viewers that a content creator could ask for!!!! Thanks so much for watching these, really means a lot and I'm so glad that you're enjoying each video. Another 20+ in this series to go, stay tuned and safe!

[@craigcollings5568]

Don't judge a book by its cover! It's the first time I have had any detail of the second dynasty. Now I hooked.

[@AlexandraBryngelsson]

Well, depends what you mean there are 7 billion people alive today, maybe only 0.01 percent is interested in second Egyptian dynasty. But that is still 700.000 persons.

[@Scorp_2]

Yet 100k (June 2024) people have watched this video 😂

[@GLeibniz1716]

These early dynasties are fascinating in that Egypt appears fully formed with a language, writing, culture: thank you for being our guide! Be safe!

[@HistorywithCy]

My pleasure! The more I study the topic, the more fascinated and in awe I am of early Egyptian civilization. Much more on the way, stay tuned and safe!

[@freemarley639]

Predynastic Egypt lasts as long as the dynastic period, kinda crazy

[@madderhat5852]

Loving this series. Deep time history really puts perspective on how we view our own troubled times. In four thousand years virtually no one will know or care who we were. Word up to the old school Set followers before he became the 'baddy' of Egyptian religion.

[@madderhat5852]

@The Imperishable Star Bwahaahaahaa!

[@HistorywithCy]

Thanks my friend, glad you liked this! Yeah the story of Seth and his development is pretty fascinating and I think eventually I'll do a short video or podcast on the topic. Stay tuned and thanks for the comment!

[@Dragons_Armory]

Keep these up, I really need to learn these dynasties!

[@HistorywithCy]

For sure, I'll try to put at least one or two of these out a month along with other content. Thanks for watching, really appreciate it!

[@TheRedneckPreppy]

A 15 minute video from Cy has more history then an entire day of the "History" Channel.

[@HistorywithCy]

Thanks! Man, I haven't seen the history channel in while... Netflix and Disney+ have some good history documentaries. There's a series on Disney+ called Lost Treasures of Egypt that's pretty good, check it out if you can. Thanks again for stopping by and watching these, means a lot! Onward to Dynasty III...

[@WorgenGrrl]

Thank you for making this series, Cy! I've been fascinated by Ancient Egyptian History and Mythology since I was in second grade. Back then, it was the first time King Tutankhamun's treasures were brought to America (circa 1970s. And imagine a child waiting in line from before dawn to after sunset to see it!). Now as a 50 year old, I'm embarrassed to admit I know next to nothing about predynastic and first few dynasties. This series is making up for that. Also, I admire you for having the courage to say "We don't know much about X Pharoah or X event." Also you take what little that is known and make it interesting. Thank you for making this oldster feel like a young armchair Egyptologist again.

[@HistorywithCy]

Hi Alex, great to hear from you and thanks so much for the feedback, I'm thrilled that you're into this really early stuff. Yeah don't worry, most people (including myself) know little about these earliest dynasties in comparison to the later, more famous ones. I also hope to one day see the artifacts from Tutankhamun's tomb and the new Egyptian Museum they've built in Cairo...perhaps in 2022 when it's easier to travel there. Also, thanks so much for stopping by, really appreciate it! Much more on the way, including another 27/28 dynasties, stay tuned and safe!

[@PoliticalFuturism]

This was a really fascinating episode! I especially enjoyed the part about Peribsen's deviation and Khasekhemwy's solution to the disturbance it caused

[@HistorywithCy]

Thanks, really glad you enjoyed this! I wish there was more on Peribsen, the little we have is fascinating but there are still so many questions about the events during his reign. Onward to Dynasty III, stay tuned and safe!

[@harrietlyall1991]

Luvvin’ the Early Dynasties! The personalities and politics are really interesting and the aesthetic is superb. The quality of carving of the hieroglyphs is stunning, and get a load of that granite bowl with the gold cover! Congratulations, Cy, for showcasing the painstaking scholarship and archaeology that has been going on behind the scenes to decipher the hieroglyphs and piece together the historical narrative of this less well known era.

[@HistorywithCy]

Thanks, I'm so glad that you're really into this early, more obscure history. I wasn't sure how this would all be received since most people are interested in the later, more popular pharaohs so I'm thrilled that you all enjoy this. Onward to Dynasty III, stay tuned and safe!

[@ancientsitesgirl]

Great video, as usual. Early hieroglyphs are beautiful! Soon I return to Abydos, the cradle of the first pharaohs ❤

[@HistorywithCy]

Thanks! That's awesome that you'll visit Abydos, looking forward to seeing your tour of it since after making these videos, my interest in the site has only grown. Safe travels!

[@ancientsitesgirl]

@@HistorywithCy thanks a lot!

[@marcmarc7454]

keep it up girl 👍

[@niajones992]

Thank you! I've been waiting patiently for this video. I haven't heard anyone else break down the rulers of Egypt like this.

[@HistorywithCy]

Thank YOU for watching and taking interest in this stuff. I didn't think many people would be too interested in these very early dynasties but you all have proved me wrong. Onward to Dynasty III... stay tuned!

[@oskarniepowiem1776]

You deserve evry subscriber you have good job mate

[@noragibson5293]

I really love history especially about ancient Egypt.

[@HistorywithCy]

Me too... the deeper I get, the more addicted to it I become. Thanks for stopping by, appreciate it! Stay tuned and safe!

[@coreywilliams4678]

Love your work!

[@HistorywithCy]

Thank you! More on the way, stay tuned and thanks for watching!

[@marywoolf1919]

This video is a blessing from Thoth the Egyptian god of knowledge.

[@HistorywithCy]

Haha I think that would be Thoth but I'll have to check. Thanks for stopping by and glad you enjoyed this video... many more on the way, stay tuned!

[@marywoolf1919]

@@HistorywithCy It is Thoth, we both said the same name.

[@HistorywithCy]

@@marywoolf1919 yes you're correct, sorry I misread your original comment due to not wearing my glasses... I thought you wrote "that Egyptian god of knowledge." Thanks and have a great week!

[@Joshee1994]

The amount of research you must put into these is incredible

[@HistorywithCy]

It's my pleasure and glad that you like these. The research is actually my favorite part! Thanks for stopping by and more on the way, stay tuned and safe!

[@alm4655]

Kudos for putting this together. Looking forward to the coming installments ;-)

[@HistorywithCy]

For sure, I'll try to put out a couple of these per month. Thanks for stopping by and stay safe!

[@Angayasse]

Your videos are always extraordinary. They tell so much even for an avid history lover. And it pertains to the 2nd dynasty as well - I find the Seth cult especially interesting in light of the god's "reputation"! Thank you!

[@HistorywithCy]

Thanks, glad you're into these! More on the way, perhaps even a separate video on Egyptian religion and the god Seth and his influence. I think that these would be fascinating topics to delved further into. Thanks again for stopping by and the support, stay safe!

[@adrianobier7593]

@@HistorywithCy A specific video on Egyptian religion would be really great! Thank you for these videos and congratulations, you are doing an awesome job.

[@devinsmith4790]

It's quite interesting how Seth was venerated early on compared to later periods of Egyptian history where he became villainized.

[@LuisAldamiz]

He was some sort of "Mars" and maybe he was villanized partly because of being strongly associated with the Hyksos, who were (rightfully) perceived as foreign invaders.

[@MaziarYousefi]

I love your channel CY. Great stuff, We appreciate your videos and efforts.

[@HistorywithCy]

Thanks my friend, really thrilled to hear that! It's my pleasure and can't wait to put out more for you all, stay tuned and safe!

[@rueisblue]

just a reminder that you're awesome, Cy

[@geraldmeehan8942]

Thank you for yet another fascinating episode in our dynasty by dynasty series

[@HistorywithCy]

My pleasure, thank you for watching! More on the way, stay tuned!

[@t1t0s89]

I like your work. It's of a greater level of quality than other history channels I usually follow. Keep up the good work

[@HistorywithCy]

Thanks man, appreciate the kind words and so happy you enjoy these. I'll keep doing my best to bring you more of this stuff. Thanks for watching and stay safe!

[@mennabadr2747]

Thank you so much for this series. It helped me so much as i was having a hard time focusing on this time period to finish my studies because i thought it was boring but these videos summed it up perfectly to keep me interested. Great effort 🌸

[@serenity6415]

Due to an illness, I'm having difficulty concentrating and staying engaged with most shows but I'm finding I can keep up with this and absorb it also! Your delivery and the way the story flows is perfect for me to stay with. The way you modulate your voice is very pleasing also. It.. tickles my brain somehow. (LOL..I was thinking of your slightly slower style and how it's allowing me to follow more easily right now had the mental image of a plucky physiotherapist or rehab nurse goading me to keep walking.. "Come on, stay with me. Second king of the Second Kingdom.... you can do it"..

[@HistorywithCy]

First off, I hope that you're doing better and on the road to recovery. My thoughts and good wishes are being sent your way. I'm also really glad that the format works for you. My goal is to make this as information as accessible to as many people as possible, so your feedback really helps me to do that. I really appreciate you stopping by and wish you the speediest of recoveries. Stay safe and please let me know if there is content you'd like to see. Thanks again!

[@pikmin4743]

awesome content, Cy! thank you for teaching so well)))

[@HistorywithCy]

Thank YOU for watching, really appreciate it! Stay tuned and safe!

[@adrianokury]

Beautiful video. Nicely done. Squeezing info on the 2nd dynasty... There are always glimpses of fascinating things happening. Especially Set Peribsen let's us guessing what really occurred back then.

[@HistorywithCy]

Thanks! I wish there was more on Peribsen but it's hard to find a lot of specifics...he's truly a fascinating figure in early Egyptian history!

[@LagunaShirogane]

Ancient Egyptian history has always fascinated me for years. I first got captivated by it by, believe it or not, from watching 1997's The Mummy with Brendan Fraser as a kid and how much details they went into those movies in regards to Ancient Egyptian history and Egyptology. I wanted to study Egyptology in college and teach Ancient History for college and high school levels due to my fascination with Ancient History. I favor Roman history (Its founding to its final fall with Constantinople), Ancient Egyptian, Ancient Greek, and Ancient China and Japan.

[@connorgolden4]

I’ve been looking forward to this!

[@HistorywithCy]

I've been looking forward to putting these out! Next one is scheduled for sometime during the first half of October, stay tuned and thanks for watching, glad you're into these!

[@duchessstudioband7896]

This was great for me, for I am studying Egyptian Hieroglyphics. On some on the Stella's, I actually could read parts of them!!! How totally cool is that!! Means the study program I using is good.

[@allonzehe9135]

Outstanding detail as always, Cy.

[@HistorywithCy]

Thanks my friend, glad you enjoyed this... more on the way, stay tuned and safe!

[@sarahsutube]

Yes you have to get the root of the history before you can understand the latter. Thanks very enjoyable. Looking forward to the next.

[@Bananadiva1]

I'm fascinated by the earlier Dynasties and the predynastic era of Ancient Egypt. Thanks for these videos!

[@brunobucciaratiswife]

Watching these to help me sleep. Learning about history late at night is so soothing

[@manny9789]

Another Outstanding episode Cy very well done.

[@HistorywithCy]

Thanks, glad you're into these early Egyptian dynasties. More on the way, stay tuned!

[@henkstersmacro-world]

👍👍👍 Awesome series, Awesome channel, recieved my Tshirts and absolutely love'm👍

[@HistorywithCy]

Oh awesome! Which shirts did you get? My favorites are Sumer Road and the King List. Thanks so much for the support and glad you love them. Hopefully we'll get some with ancient Egyptian themes as well! Thanks again for stopping by and stay safe!

[@WanaxTV]

Great video and content! I don't think stuff like this could be found elsewhere on KZbin! Looking forward to the 3rd dynasty and the first pyramids!

[@HistorywithCy]

Thanks my friend, really appreciate the kind words! Also will email you soon, been super busy here with stuff outside of KZbin but I have some more ideas about a collab. Talk soon and thanks again for stopping by, stay safe!

[@WanaxTV]

@@HistorywithCy Looking forward to it brother. Can't wait!

[@anasevi9456]

great video as always!

[@HistorywithCy]

Thanks, glad you liked it! More on the way, stay tuned and safe!

[@deviantoutcast]

So pleased to find the next episode of the epos that is Ancient Egyptian History, and I have to complement you on doing an impressive job with it! =) However, though in many ways I wish I could just skip by and ignore it. But ultimately, that would be doing you - and your followers and others - a disservice if I didn't speak up to point out that - at 5:35 - we're in fact not talking about anything being hacked up. The text instead reads _The 1:st Festival of Sokar_ or somewhat more literally _The 1:st Horus of the henu-bark / Horus of the henu-bark in the night sky_ The name of the festival is Festival of Sokar (who was the god of the Memphite necropolis). Sokar was closely connected to the bark called the "henu" bark. Horus's roll was to accompany the dead in the bark and act as a guide during the first (the "lower" / "easier" ) part of the trip to the underworld. The festival is also tightly linked to the Old Kingdom and the beginning of the dynastic era and is mentioned in the earliest funerary texts from that time. Hope that clarified some things. And as I said in the beginning: a standup work none the less! Well done!

[@HistorywithCy]

Hi, thanks so much for stopping by and the feedback, really appreciate it! I'm always keen to learn from others, so thanks for the additional info. That's interesting, I've read about the festival but didn't know of a lot of the details, so thanks! With regard to the hacking/attacking, that I got from Toby Wilkinson's book Early Dynastic Egypt where he writes, "Stone hints at possible unrest in Ninetjer’s year 13. The entry reads ‘first feast of Dw3-Hr-pt. Attacking the towns of Sm-r and H3’. The name of the second locality means ‘north land’, and some have interpreted this entry as recording the suppression of a rebellion in Lower Egypt." Another book says mostly the same. However, I was not aware of the other interpretations of those lines, so thanks for the insight and it's something that I'd like to look into further in future. Thanks again for the info, I really appreciate as it broadens my horizon with these types of things. Stay safe!

[@josephhorvath1418]

Absolutely fascinating!! Thank you so much!

[@HistorywithCy]

My pleasure, thank you!

[@volodymyrcuza9994]

Thanks a lot for anther great video!

[@HistorywithCy]

Thank you, glad you enjoy learning about early Egypt! More on the way, stay tuned!

[@drunkenkot]

I love this series! Keep up the great work!

[@HistorywithCy]

Thanks! Lots more on the way, stay tuned and safe!

[@syedakhalida5842]

Thanks for such an informative videos. It helped me in preparing my lesson.

[@Artur_M.]

It's fascinating that Peribsen chose Seth as his main patron god, as in the popular recounting of the Egyptian mythology Seth kinda has the image of a "bad guy".

[@MykeFahrenheit]

Seth rides a motorcycle without a helmet

[@HistorywithCy]

Yeah it's interesting how the story and image of Seth seems to develop over the centuries. Hope to cover it in the future. As always, thanks so much for stopping by, really appreciate it and stay safe!

[@pratikdoiphode3500]

Just came from History Time's latest video Thanks for your awesome research of the Akkadian empire👍 Been a fan of you both for a long time🙌

[@HistorywithCy]

Thanks my friend for the kind words and glad you enjoyed the video! It's always an honor for me to work with Pete and honestly, History Time was one of my greatest inspirations for creating this channel, so I'm really grateful for all of his work. He's one of the best in the history space on KZbin and hope to work with him again! More videos on the way, stay tuned and safe!

[@velvetgoldmine4300]

Great episode! It's a lot of fun learning about the more obscure parts of Egyptian history! I'm loving the series :)

[@HistorywithCy]

Thanks! I didn't think many people would be too interested in the earliest dynasties but I y'all have proved me wrong. Dynasty III coming up, stay tuned and thanks for stopping by!

[@issamint3499]

Always coming out with amazing videos. Good job man keep it up!

[@HistorywithCy]

Thanks, glad you're into this series! Lots more on the way, both ancient Egypt and beyond... stay tuned and safe!

[@kentelley4589]

Love the videos friend!👍💯

[@kaushiksheshnagraj7176]

Wow I like your content. Editing and narrating make your channel my favorite. Your work should be appreciated. You are deserve more subscriber I hope you must gain 1 Million subscriber by the end of this year. Please keep continue this type of amazing work. Your admirable hard work and deep research make you the best channel on KZbin. But brother I am waiting for an promised video on Skanderbeg when it will come? I have a curiosity also can I ask your name? And Where are you from?

[@HistorywithCy]

Hi, thanks for stopping by and the kind words, appreciate it! I think I answered this same question in the last video. Skanderbeg... no idea, but probably not for a while. Will take time to reach that point in the timeline. Thanks again, stay safe!

[@kaushiksheshnagraj7176]

@@HistorywithCy Thank you so much my friend. Congratulations for 100 K in advance

[@alexanderborschel2135]

Yea Boiii! The more of the first dynasties the better :D.

[@HistorywithCy]

Thanks bud, another 20+ more to go, stay tuned and hope that all is well on your end...we'll chat more on Discord!

[@hiteam72]

loving this series

[@johannesnicolaas]

Nynetjer tomb was found in Saqqara and recently very well described by the excavator.

[@lardo444]

Another good one. Thanks.

[@teakonorth4393]

Please do more of these Egyptian dynasty videos!

[@HistorywithCy]

For sure, another 28 or so more videos in the series on the way, stay tuned and safe!

[@teakonorth4393]

History with Cy yay!

[@Scribe13013]

Great work bro

[@HistorywithCy]

Thanks man, glad you enjoyed this! More on the way, stay tuned and safe!

[@anitapollard1627]

Thank YOU, Cy the History guy 😁 for masterfully & artfully creating these presentations of historical knowledge as far as we are aware of to date! You do all the hard! work and we/i get to sit, relax & enjoy!! I wish you academic type historians had (and do get 😊) much more facts & possible theories!! Soon please! If it's strange that i like listening to you talk about Egypt 5 thousand ish years ago, then.... how strange (& smart & articulate & creative & interested) you are 😎

[@HistorywithCy]

Hey, it's my pleasure! I love researching this stuff and am thrilled to share it with others who are also interested. Glad you are really into these early dynasties... I didn't think there would be much interest in them but you all have proved me wrong! Onward to Dynasty III, stay tuned!

[@joeshmoe8345]

Great thanks for posting

[@HistorywithCy]

Thank YOU for watching, really appreciate it! Stay tuned and safe!

[@andrewimmer598]

I've never heard of Peribsen and his Seth-cult before. Very interesting and thank you for your work! Echnaton is a "Rockstar" but Peribsen is at least as interesting as Echnaton

[@QalOrt]

YES Second Dynasty!!!!! and Biographics released a video on Ashurbanipal today is my lucky day!

[@HistorywithCy]

Oh nice, I'll have to check it out! I have another big Assyria project on the way, stay tuned for that hopefully end of this year. Thanks again for stopping by, really appreciate it! More on the way, stay tuned and safe!

[@QalOrt]

@@HistorywithCy More Assyrian history the better! Also I can't wait for you to venture down the rabbit hole that is ancient Peru.

[@KMac329]

I love your teaching!

[@HistorywithCy]

Thanks my friend, appreciate the feedback and similar content on the way! All the best, stay safe!

[@tequilamockingbird758]

Wow, that was awesome

[@HistorywithCy]

Thanks! All of the other dynasties on the way, stay tuned and safe!

[@JohnVander70]

Great work, thank you!

[@HistorywithCy]

Thank YOU for watching, really appreciate it!

[@John-115]

Great work

[@johnbennett757]

Thanks!

[@HistorywithCy]

Thank you, appreciate the support!

[@decimusausoniusmagnus5719]

Thank you, brother

[@HistorywithCy]

Thank YOU my friend, glad you liked this! More on the way, stay tuned!

[@HVLLOW99]

I'm so excited 😆

[@HistorywithCy]

Thanks... enjoy!

[@andreaskallstrom9031]

Super interesting!

[@HistorywithCy]

Thanks, glad you liked it! More on the way, stay tuned and safe!

[@albertoyo5681]

Wooow A priceless video!! ❤ thank you!!!

[@HistorywithCy]

Glad you liked it, thanks for watching!

[@musicvideo4539]

This explains the seth horus rivalry and Seth defeat showing the southern victory. I wonder what the North version of the Seth myth was like.

[@HistorywithCy]

Hmm, good question... I'll see if I can find more on this... the dynamics within Egyptian religious history are quite fascinating. Thanks for the idea, appreciate it!

[@joer8954]

Hey man, love your videos! Will you ever do a video on the Scythians? They’re probably one of my favorite ancient people groups to talk about!

[@HistorywithCy]

Thank you and yes, I have half a script done for that but I think I'll push it out either later this year or sometime next year. It's definitely been in the works though! Thanks so much for stopping by, really appreciate it...more on the way, stay tuned and safe!

[@christinadegand7634]

I love your series ,well done

[@Joacoleoni]

thanks so much Cy

[@Ardavan_Ashknani]

Dadash I would like a video about the sassanid empire and about how there armor looked ❤️🥀 much love continue your work

[@HistorywithCy]

Darood my friend. Yes, most definitely, probably in 2020 when I get more into Sasanian history in general...still have to do Seleucid and Parthian before that! Thanks for watching and more on the way, stay tuned and safe!

[@musicvideo4539]

they were barbarians

[@Ardavan_Ashknani]

@@musicvideo4539 who are the barbarian?

[@devinsmith4790]

Fun fact: The earliest known complete Egyptian sentence comes to us from the Second Dynasty. It reads in English: *He has united the Two Lands for his son, Dual King Peribsen.*

[@fatmamohamed2413]

Thank you for this effort 🙏🎉❤

[@ClassicCase]

Love this series! And finding those commoner names, super hard right? XD Been looking through literature for months now.

[@HistorywithCy]

Thanks! Hmm, let me see if I can find some for you. If you can, send me an email at historywithcy[at]gmail so that I don't forget. Thanks and stay safe!

[@SamueleCastiglioni]

this series is perfect. i'm wondering wheter is the reason that so many pharaos reigned so long?

[@kentelley4589]

14:42-To-14:52. LoL! True. But the last Pharoahs was interesting👍💯

[@GORO911]

I am interested in predynastic, Early dynastic periods. Only problem is information about those eatly dynasties are scarce due to being so ancient. Starting with 4th dynasty we begin having more information, with alot of statues realistically depicting the people, allowing us to imagine how they looked like.

[@salaialexander7022]

@shwat2013 black? 🤣🤣🤣 the Egyptians had a writting system, no pure black civilization in 200,000 years created one without influence from Arabs or Europeans. That alone let's us know they weren't black. Too advanced

[@Woodsy2575]

Cy keeps mentioning the followers of Horus or Set as thought they represented opposing factions. Were they originally regional deities that were incorporated into a larger pantheon, or just the cults of certain cities giving a stronger representation of one god over the other? Is Horus' victory over Set in the story meant to represent one part of Egypt subduing the rest?

[@Nomad1992]

The only thing I know is that Set wasn't seen as evil at the beginning as he was at later periods

[@djedemankhhekare9790]

The story of Heru and Sutesh is basically an allegory for the struggles of pastoralists and agriculturalists.

[@usergiodmsilva1983PT]

Set seems like a good boi.

[@fabionerbon8058]

Warning: long post. BTW I don’t say I know best, just share my view. A Wadjenes vessel cites a “raising up of the pillars of Horus”, a ritual typical of the early phase of the 2nd dynasy, so he should be places right after Nynetjer. But Wildung and Helck believe his name to be a Ramessid misreading of the name Peribsen. As for Senedj, the inscription on the false door of priest Shery at Saqqara reads “overseer of the wab-priest of king Peribsen in the necropolis of king Senedj”, pointing at them being the same person; moreover the name Senedj (meaning “frightening”) in a cartouche is likely a later addition (possibly to avoid using the Seth symbol), as the cartouche use began in the 3rd dynasty. Hudjefa means “erased”, meaning the name was forgotten or not written down, again possibly for a superstition regarding the Seth animal. So Wadjenes - Senedj - Hudjefa -Peribsen could be the same person, likely succeeding Nynetjer. Further proof is the Cairo Stone: at line IV, after Nynetjer name, there is a serekh surmonted by a four legged animal, the heraldic animal of Seth-Peribsen. Proof of the absence of a civil war are the former kings’ mastabas not being raided, as happened at the end of the 1t dynasty. Jar inscriptions of Peribsen mention other gods, so a religious war is also unlikely, Seth simply being Thinis tutelar god. Annal Stone of the Fifth Dynasty as well doesn’t report a kingdom split; change in the officers’ titles possibly reflecting a bureaucratic reform instead. Finally a Peribsen vessel mentions receiving tributes from Sethroë, on the delta, and the before mentioned tomb of Shery points to an undiscovered cenotaph in Saqqara, as the former rulers of the dynasty. Sekhemib-Perenmaat likely succeeded Peribsen, as the former seals are found in the latter tomb, a ritual common in the early dynasties for a successor, their names are also similar. Khasekhemwy is commonly considered Perenmaat successor, so the succession should go: Neferkara - Peribsen - Perenmaat - Khasekhemwy. Neferkasokar appears only in much later sources, and his existence should probably be discarded. Neferkara, more correclty read Sneferka (the sun symbol was wrongly added to the name: the sun itself wasn’t object of adoration during the 2nd dynasty) is considered a successor of the last 1st dynasty king Qa’a, because his serekhs are made on erasures of Qa'a's, but artifacts re-usal is attested. He’s difficult to place: before Nynetjer and after Khasekhemwy the succession is somewhat clear, the link Nynetjer - Peribsen is tentatively confirmed, as the Peribsen - Perenmaat one. Sneferka could go between Perenmaat and Khasekhemwy, but this raises another problem: Peribsen used Seth as heraldic animal, Khasekhemwy both Seth and Horus, while Sneferka Horus alone: this going back and forth on Seth is weird. On Nubnefer even less can be speculated. Finally, this leaves us with only eight kings for a 204 years period, averaging an unusually long 25,5 years of reign, but changing the whole chronology opens an entirely new can of worms…

[@thomasvaldez8566]

Always been so interested in this early period. How many stories are lost? this second dynast is pregnant with possibilities, especially Perebsen (sp?). How would things been different if Set worshippers had remained in charge?

[@HistorywithCy]

Yeah, interesting things to think about. I honestly don't know and wish that there was more concrete information available. Thanks for watching, appreciate it!

[@wholewheatbolete]

You're the man Cy

[@HistorywithCy]

Thanks, glad you like the content! More on the way!

[@MykeFahrenheit]

I wonder what aspects of the Horus and Seth competition myth came from real events that occurred during this dynasty

[@HistorywithCy]

Quite possible...who knows. His real demonization was centuries later though but perhaps part of that began much earlier. Thanks for stopping by, really appreciate it! More on the way, stay tuned and safe!

[@mithunkartha]

Finally an American Pharaoh, Seth Perebson!

[@loke6664]

Were there really a difference between the first and second dynasty? Because I read somewhere that our source for the different dynasties are almost a thousand year younger. I wonder if there are some remains we could DNA test to prove if the second dynasty were related to the first and just changed where they were buried which might have confused later scholars or if they were a new bloodline? Anyways, this is super interesting, most documentaries focus on the third and nineteen dynasty and while they did build the most impressive buildings there were a lot of other really interesting rulers.

[@LuisAldamiz]

AFAIK most tombs of that period are lacking bodies (and anything of material value, they were surely looted) so good luck finding the DNA trail. It'd be interesting indeed and I concur that sometimes the dynasty transitions are more clear than in others, in any case it's a convention of historiography, useful for periodization mostly.

[@loke6664]

@@LuisAldamiz I know, and many of the second dynasties graves have not even been found yet... But that might actually be a good thing here since at least the corpses weren't destroyed by 18th and 19th century looters that used mummies for all weird kind of things including medicines back then. So yeah, it is not something easy but it is not entirely impossible either. The oldest identified mummy we have is Pharaoh Ranefer from the 4th dynasty but we don't need a mummy, just a tooth or bone to sequence. But to really prove it we need that from 2 different pharaohs of each dynasty unless the dynasties are linked since we need to be sure the material isn't from a random servant if we want to prove there were 2 different royal lines. Egyptology are a bit too happy to believe written down sources that have been written down a long time after the actual events. I can understand why, because together with Akkadian sources they are basically the only written sources we have of this time but if a western historian were sure of something written down 1000 years after the event with no archaeology to verify it they would be mocked. This is a very fascinating time in history we still know relatively little about but new archaeology will likely open up a lot of new information for us. Until now the focus have been on Pharaohs that built large stuff like pyramids and temples but I think that the ones that built the country itself is just as interesting. I mean, Narmer can in many ways only be compared to Sargon the great, those 2 built the worlds 2 first empires, Sargon by unifying Mesopotamia and Akkadia and Narmer by unifying lower and upper Egypt. That makes those 2 among the most interesting people in history.

[@LuisAldamiz]

@@loke6664 - Fair enough. Guess is as easy as getting your request through Egyptology, Ministry of Denials, Egypt.

[@loke6664]

@@LuisAldamiz Nah, that seems harder. More evidence for the first and second dynasty will be discovered, a lot have actually popped up in the last 25 years and getting a tooth or tiny bone from 2 different early pharaohs isn't easy but it is far from impossible and Egyptology do have good funding and do a lot of digs. Add in constantly evolving archaeological tools and it is rather plausible we get the evidence for either in the next 25 years. Getting a request approved by the Egyptian ministry of antiquity on the other hand is just basically impossible.

[@usergiodmsilva1983PT]

Tried to remember which one was it, and the Set animal, namely the earlier depictions, seem awfully like a saluqi with clipped ears.

[@rueisblue]

how do historians know when to differentiate the dynasty breaks this far back? Like what made them agree that dynasty 2 should began here?

[@bogdannarancic5763]

This is just my amateur guess, but what if Shemra was of early Canaanite origin? As in (using Hebrew as a placeholder): שמ רע? Let us not forget that the earliest already confirmed attested writing in Canaanite is in Egyptian script...

[@RothurThePaladin]

Fun series.

[@HistorywithCy]

Thanks!

[@the_clawing_chaos]

Wonder if this could be the origin of the Osiris/Set myth... One king destroys Osris by adopting Seth, his successor renews it...

[@pirate.the.skull.captain5319]

As we know, the Osiris/Set myth was depicted in later periods, but we still haven't discovered information about the early period. So you could be correct!

[@MediaFaust]

Well ... second dynasty has Set Peribsen and that makes it special.

[@HistorywithCy]

It does indeed... wish there was more concrete info available on him and the major events of his reign. Thanks for stopping by, really appreciate it! More on the way, stay safe!

[@michelg.rabbat2267]

pls correct to read "Shunet el Zebeeb" = storage of raisins/Egyptian-American:Michel Rabbat/Holiday,Florida

[@HistorywithCy]

Yeah Arabic is not my first or second language, so sorry about that but thanks for the tip!

[@andym28]

Please add Spanish subtitles

[@sarahsutube]

Gosh hope you do a video soon. Wow the videos on Egypt out there are terrible and ridiculous.

[@HistorywithCy]

Hopefully by the end of this month, stay tuned! Thanks for watching!

[@jimmydean123123]

Dynasty 2: Electric Boogaloo

[@ariues]

When did the classical Language of the ancient Egyptians arise and where did it arise and when did it become the common language?

[@allisonseamiller]

Let's Gooooooooooooooo!

[@HistorywithCy]

Thanks for watching! Onward to Dynasty III!

[@kadmii]

makes me wonder if Dynasty II is a period of civil war, and Peribsen was a brief restoration of Dynasty I's family, hence a return to Abydos, but it did not last and the whole thing came to an end under Khasekhemwy