ARTS HISTORY / ARCHITECHTURE in Spain

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CLASSIC STAGE
From the Greeks and the Romans we have many buildings in Spain, such as temples, theaters and aqueducts.
Do you want to know a spectacular example of a theater built in Spain by the Romans? Here you have it: the Roman theater in Mérida.
Doric, Ionic and Corinthian styles also come from this period: Can you tell them apart?
The Romans left us many public works such as: roads, aqueducts and circuses.
#VISIGODA STAGE
The Visigoths, influenced by Roman culture, built churches using the horseshoe arch and columns and pillars as supports.
They also use Corinthian style capitals simpler than the Roman ones and the decoration based on friezes and plant and animal themes.
As a representative example we have the church of San Juan de Baños in Palencia.
HISPANO - MUSULMAN STAGE
The Muslim presence
in #Spain it gave rise to a new style that greatly enriches our heritage. Both in mosques and in palaces, capitals inspired by the classics are used, although much more stylized and refined
The interior decoration is very rich, horseshoe arches abound
the wooden ceilings and domes, and walls lined with Arabic scriptures with passages from the Koran.
#ROMANESQUE STAGE
Focused above all on monasteries and pilgrimage churches, Romanesque art is characterized by its sobriety and invitation to meditation.
With dark buildings, sturdy walls and pillars, and very small windows. The semicircular arch and the barrel vault are used.
In churches we can find all artistic elements: painting, architecture and sculpture
The main function was to transmit the biblical teachings so it is a didactic art more focused on the message than on realism or proportion. Romanesque art in Spain focuses on the north of the peninsula, it's just a matter of going out and searching! One of the most representative monuments is the Santo Domingo de Silos cloister in Burgos.
GOTHIC STAGE
With the advance of the Middle Ages, the Cathedral became the most important building in cities.
Gothic architecture is more vertical and luminous thanks to the use of pointed arches, stained glass windows and rose windows.
The windows gain in size and stained glass and rose windows are used to illuminate the interior of the cathedrals. We continue to find sculpture on the covers, although this time more natural and expressive. This is surely one of the easiest styles to identify, the trick is to look at the arches and windows!
One of the best examples of Gothic architecture in Spain is the Cathedral of León, called the “neat Leonine”.
RENAISSANCE STAGE
The Renaissance was born in Italy in the fourteenth century with the rise of humanism and classicism. A prominent artist was El Greco, with the painting of him the knight with his hand on his chest that represents the canons of balance and symmetry.
Renaissance architecture reuses the elements of classical art. In Spain there are many Renaissance buildings, such as palaces, churches and monasteries, such as the El Escorial monastery
Although the styles vary, they have in common the use of classical elements, so we can find, for example, a door with Doric columns or a window reminiscent of a Roman temple.
A good example of this art is the Infantado Palace in Guadalajara.
BAROQUE STAGE
Art during the Baroque period becomes a propaganda instrument in which balance and proportionality are broken to move on to monumentality and visual impact, as you can see in the altarpiece in the Cathedral of Segovia de Churriguera, although they are still used. elements of classical and renaissance art.
Another good example is found in San Luis de los Francés in Seville.
NEOCLASSIC STAGE
The illustration returns to the classic balance in a simple and serene way.
There is a clear abandonment of the decorative desire and the ideal of classic beauty is pursued.
Neoclassical architecture is not as creative as Renaissance architecture and on many occasions it is limited to imitating classical art. If you live in Madrid you will find numerous buildings of this type, look at the similarity between the Congress of Deputies and the Prado museum.