The Science of Aging

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Why do we age, from a biological perspective?
Written and created by Mitchell Moffit (twitter @mitchellmoffit) and Gregory Brown (twitter @whalewatchmeplz).
TWITTER: / asapscience
FACEBOOK: / asapscience
Mitchell Moffit
www.mitchellmof...
/ mitchellmoffit
/ mitchellmoffit
Gregory Brown
/ www
/ whalewatchmeplz
Further Reading --
Senesence:
www.nature.com/...
Aging Factors:
www.sciencedire...
Telomeres:
www.nature.com/...
www.ncbi.nlm.ni...
Telomeres and Cancer:
www.sciencedire...
Flatworms:
www.pnas.org/co...

[@angelicahennessey5785]

I wonder how many times a week you guys buy expo markers lol

[@Shreyamsha-sn5py]

Hello

[@Entity.367]

​@@Shreyamsha-sn5pyhi

[@JustinShaedo]

As a scientist that's studied and researched in this field, I just wanted to say what a great explanation that was! Respect :)

[@Antwriterdragon]

LOL "why is my telemore so short..." 'you got that from your father" Come on.... We all saw that joke right??

[@natg4932]

🤣

[@GrgAProduction]

telomere*

[@saikumar802]

CHANGES SEEN DURING AGING ARE- 1.Increased free radicals*& decreased levels of antioxidants. 2.Decreased expression of IGF-1 gene* 3.Increased cross linking of collagen* 4.Increased somatic mutation due toDNA damages* 5.Telomere shortening*

[@lpoiuytrewqazxcvbnmk]

This makes so much sense, I thought I was part of a family of demigods because my great grandparents are currently 90 and 91, and I had so many plans with being immortal too ...

[@albert_the_cool8092]

might be rude to ask but like you commented 7 years ago, you still around?

[@left0vers]

@@albert_the_cool8092 !remind me 50 years lol

[@albert_the_cool8092]

@@left0vers lmao

[@SkeezyGN]

YO YOU STILL HERE UTS 2022

[@boomerang7895]

@TareBear fr??

[@yeah9071]

telomeres is the one thing that should get the most funding for research, they hold the key to the most important technology in history.

[@erzcav4793]

I really love science. Been researching lately regarding this, all aspects that contribute to aging and to the peopel of longest lifespans. But, im currently studying engineering. So maybe n the latr years ill start my own lab.

[@Dazzlefisher]

Important yes, but also extremely dangerous. I don't think humans are ready to mess with longer lifespans, potentially immortality, you just know it would be a privileged billionaire technology.

[@ivoturi]

@@Dazzlefisher How so?

[@BinkieMcFartnuggets]

So basically, telomeres are the reason my grandma shat herself at Thanksgiving.

[@koji8123]

You, Sir, win free internets!

[@Nimbus3690]

***** lmao for real, fuck you jeremiah!

[@stevej1200]

***** Internet is not free my good sir. just as my comcast bill

[@PANTYEATR1]

holyyy shit Binkie LMAO!

[@DistortedV12]

...err loss of telomeres

[@blmnkrnz]

Why do we smile?

[@FaumauNZ]

thats a good one

[@kevinlarson5688]

its called facial expressions

[@blmnkrnz]

Sorry but you didn't answer my question at all lol

[@tanvibellamkonda7154]

Yes, I want this one!

[@emilywilson696]

Your smart nerd

[@jessicastevenson7292]

I would be interested in a video about ADHD inattentive, hyperactive and combination types. I have been diagnosed as a young adult (23 inattentive type.) and it has changed my life substantially for the better I'd love to know more and understand it better and your videos do such a great job!

[@merpderpyerp]

Why do stomachs growl or rumble when we're hungry..?

[@zach_melik]

Tori Farrell It's because our body needs more nutrients and energy.

[@lucyenglish5617]

Your stomach is always making sounds, but when it's empty, it's more audible. Think about a room full of people vs one person in a room. You're much more likely to hear that individual in the room by themselves rather than the packed room. It's essentially the same concept.

[@whydoineedaname3439]

@@lucyenglish5617 wow thanks. You sounds pretty smart

[@imablowyomind]

I dont wanna die amd lose my thinking forever.

[@galactose_fructosemonosacc343]

It is scary that one day you will no longer be conscious or alive the most scary part is that there is no way to stop it or come back

[@tedwalford7615]

Oh, we come back all right. The problem is, though, that we don't remember who we or anyone else are. So, yes; still scary.

[@galactose_fructosemonosacc343]

@@tedwalford7615 There's basically no difference, once you die "you" are gone.

[@jaredlyan7037]

@@tedwalford7615 past life regression can help that.

[@jaredlyan7037]

@@tedwalford7615 what’s scarier is to think one day they will figure out how to fix the issue with cell replication and people won’t age or die from natural causes. It goes against the purpose of life

[@OliverGwer-yq7lh]

​@@tedwalford7615 bs

[@authenticmuffin]

I have a question! How come humans evolved into the superior life form? Why didn't another species that has been here longer evolved?

[@ziqiwei8152]

With Brains. We use to be mostly Vegan, then over time we started to scavage for meat, since tree's were starting to disappear a bit. After that, we started to hunt with simple tools like stones and sticks. But, the most major thing, is cooking. With cooking, we could more easily digest things, so our tough digestive track got shorter and needed less engergy, so our brains used that energy, so it became bigger.

[@LutherusPXCs]

Because evolution isn't a perfect process

[@ziqiwei8152]

***** I sincerely hope you're kidding.

[@ziqiwei8152]

***** I'd love to have a debate with you. Ok? :) Natural selection is basicly short-term evolution. Over time natural selection changes INTO evolution.

[@Skipston55]

***** Mutation isn't an imperfection, it is a deviation. Sometimes it works, sometimes it doesn't. Whatever works best gets to live.

[@venrajful]

science. making the world better, yet when explained makes you fear for your life.

[@EpicJones1]

what is being in your 'prime' as a young adult? Why/how/are we able to classify someone's prime age?

[@noraye2500]

your prime is basically, the best you will ever be physically

[@EpicJones1]

How and why are we able to classify a single person's prime when everyone's body fundamentally functions different?

[@nickfooz]

10 years in the future: Little Jimmy suffers from premature ageing disease. At 15, he has aged twice as fast and as a result is already bald, pot bellied and somehow unable to pay his mortgage even though he still live with his parents. Doctors now have developed a revolutionary technique to slow down the ageing rate of Jimmy to that of a normal healthy person. Doctor: "Congratulations Jimmy, now you won't die at 35, instead now you'll die at 70 like you should. Thanks to science!." Jimmy: "Only 70? But my grandparents are 95." Doctor: "Yes but your genes say you should die at 70" Jimmy:"How hard is it to make it longer than that?" Doctor: "Extremely easy. We just move this slider right here. See, it's at 70 now." Jimmy: "How far does it go?" Doctor: "Up to 100 million. It could go higher but we couldn't fit it on the screen." Jimmy: "Could you make it 80 at least?" Doctor: "No." Jimmy: "Can I do it?" Doctor: "No, only a professional has the required training to move the slider" Jimmy: "Can you move it to 75?" Doctor: "No"

[@djodysseus7851]

+Luis Jose Romero wow u write literally shit

[@jorees3288]

+DjOdysseus please don't insult people there are children on youtube

[@zaytime4156]

Tf going on in your head😂😂😂

[@RitchiGames]

AsapScience: We're program to die Me: *gets scared* Me*thinks*; god why! Relatives died Me cries in bathroom

[@shriniwasyadav9455]

Friends fan?

[@bronzesparks9795]

thank you guys, you've helped me with my coursework and made doing my coursework way more enjoyable

[@doedicurus]

No one asks, "why does a car age after you use it for 5, 10, 20 years?" So why should the explanations for humans be any different than a machine? To ask the question seems to imply a purpose, or an evolutionary program. And the video states this as such. But no one has proved that cellular regeneration can rid the body of advanced glycation endproducts, or Amyloid for example. Those are still components of aging.

[@mememabon4059]

Science is a work in progress my friend...

[@doedicurus]

LMMDN Of Narnia The question "why do we age?" has nothing to do with the science of aging. That's basic physics! No machine on earth is capable of protecting itself from all kinds of damage from it's use alone. Therefore, when a machine incurs damage from use, it ages. So to ask the question "why do we age?" is to ask "why is the human body NOT an exception to every machine we've come to know?" It just doesn't make any sense.

[@spookywizard4980]

+doedicurus dude category mistake much? we're not like any other machine in your everyday life. we freaking replace ourselves fully every 7 years. Our cells change. We change. We repair ourselves. A car never gets parts replaced. If it does, it lasts longer. You could replace parts of the car ad infinitum and have the car working forever. That's kind of how we work. Except eventually we can't keep replacing our parts and die.

[@doedicurus]

Spooky Wizard Wait, so you're saying what you got from my comment was the idea that I think humans operate exactly like every other machine!? If that's your takeaway, you're a doofus! The question I took issue with was "why do we age?" not "how do we age?" All machines that we know of have an expiration due to wear and tear. Your remark at the end even makes my point. Our bodily repair is not complete. So why we age is no different then asking why people aren't immune from all kinds of damage, which has never happened with any machine. So please explain to me wise Wizard why this is a category mistake? Show me the category of machines which are immortal, and I'll show you an apology.

[@mememabon4059]

doedicurus every time our cells multiplicity a part of our DNA called the Telomere wears down. When we lose all of it our body cells can't work properly anymore.

[@rifat1418]

why is the sky blue?

[@PUR3xFAME]

***** No, the ocean is clear. The reason we see the ocean as blue is the reflection from the sky. The sky is blue due to light reflecting off the atmosphere and a bunch of other junk.

[@Darth_Yersinia]

***** Well it's basically because of quantum effects involving Rayleigh scattering combined with a lack of photon receptors in our retinae.

[@discotanzo]

'cause it wants to look like your beautiful eyes baby...

[@DBZHGWgamer]

the sky is blue because of refraction of light.

[@C02ver]

Because God loves the infantry

[@dang2979]

Growth hormones also play a vital role in aging because it is essential for development as well as biological maintenance. Growth hormones induce cell proliferation, it tells the cells in your bodies to multiply, but too much GH can be a bad thing because cells can only divide so many times.

[@skatetheworld101]

AGH THE BACKGROUND MUSIC IS STARTING TO KILL ME!

[@basedostroman592]

aging isn't natural or positive in any way, the real question is why can't people accept that something bad happens to them so they justify aging? we need a world wide program to end aging with about 20-50billion$ of budget/year edit - actually aging is positive since if people you don't like age you benefit, like with everything, but some people make those indirect benefits to be a justification which is just so horrible imho.

[@d.lawrence5670]

If aging isn't natural, then pretty much EVERY LIVING THING on the planet wouldn't be doing it...naturally, dummy

[@stephenmariconda5666]

Debra Lawrence Aging is natural but it sure as hell is not good. It literally is the slow deterioration of our bodies and minds that leads to disease, suffering, and death. No bueno, there must be investment in bringing aging under complete medical control through the maintenance approach (periodic repair of tissue, cell, and molecular damage periodically throughout life to keep damage levels low and prevent disease and death). More info here www.sens.org/research/introduction-to-sens-research

[@ivoturi]

agree man age is a curse that should be cured

[@tedwalford7615]

So since my parents lived into their mid-90s, do I have a better chance of that too?

[@hanrattyowen8216]

Make a video what happens when you die

[@maximbraunbach3543]

Can we become immortal?

[@friedchicken1]

No, but we can become immoral

[@CallMeSmash]

We watched this in my Gerontology class yesterday!! I was like ahhhh AsapScience!! Go KZbin!! This video is very helpful!

[@Gino_Core]

I'm so scared of death

[@Shark-jy4kz]

Why you won't even know you died

[@Gino_Core]

I dont care about how it feels i just dont want to die at all and with old age you cant avoid it no matter what

[@TheDrbibbles]

Hi I know this comment was made a long time ago but I've also found myself with the terrifying thought of death and how it's inevitable and I feel kinda alone just wanted to say that you're not alone

[@Gino_Core]

Sophie Ekstrom Stay Strong :)

[@Luigi-rp6ur]

Gino Kemp Dying it's apart of life it's gonna happen to everyone and why wouldn't you want to die, would you really want to be here on earth in 2135 the 22nd century while all your siblings and etc, are dead let alone with the generation getting worse

[@sixbones.infamy9107]

"EVERYBODY GETS A TELOMERE!!!"

[@mikebauer8002]

Gravity pulses down and time pulses forward. Pulse gravity up and time backwards (correct mass and energy needed(kinda like radioactive decay)) and you have something to test on biological growth.

[@joshlove7056]

how would living for a thousand years (or longer) effect your memory

[@StonerFalls]

I don't want to die

[@NathanTAK]

Join the club. Applications here: eijaf.com

[@LutherusPXCs]

Well deal with it, when the time comes its going to be frightening realizing that your consciousness is slipping away, its probably going to be painfull as well >:D

[@NathanTAK]

***** Well, the Heat Death might still get us.

[@LuwukaW]

So, if you put your brain in a robotic body to become an 'immortal' cyborg, what would happen with the brains aging? Would it eventually die as well? Or is it possible to live 'forever' that way, theoretically?

[@geerv8090]

Sorry for the first reply in 4 years... But it could be theoretically possible as long as telomeres can reproduce endlessly and your brain is always in a healthy state.

[@gracenewhouse4047]

Why does food have fat in it?

[@damishypedamischill7404]

Christy Newhouse funny

[@RadiatingPrawn4]

Can u make humans immortal

[@VKDante]

You have just earned a subscriber sir. Great stuff.

[@nguyendan31]

I'm creeped

[@scottk1525]

I don't understand how the Hayflick limit affects aging. Take skin cells. Every cell in your skin is replaced about every 1-2 months. So if the Hayflick limit determines that a cell can only replicated 40-60 times, and our skin cells are replicating every 1-2 months, then why do we still have skin after age 10? (2 month replication x 60 replications = 10 years.)

[@melmely4]

what is beauty ? how is it related to love ? is it in the eyes of the beholder or is is "a universal truth"?

[@courtneycalloway3563]

Make a video about acne, why we have it, how do we get rid of it and what a pimple actually is

[@kirstyhenderson4840]

I've got a question, if a person was born deaf and blind, what language would they think I'm?

[@getyourgameon1990]

I saw a video of a girl who does not age, she is 23 but looks and acts like a baby...how would that work?

[@sooooooooDark]

does longer telomeres not only mean longer possible life but also higher risk of cancer?

[@humanbeingnotbeinghuman2314]

asapscience is so enlightening and informational that i believe they (it,he,her/them) could do a lot of great things to help earth and human beings, even if theyre only suggestions. they should make videos on possibilities of time travel/how it would be possible, and other possibilities/how possible vids such as being immortal and maybe refurbishing ozone layers and cleaner resources and cloning and life on other planets and the void of space etc etc

[@sharonstories8109]

some cells, like your skin, don't need added telomere length because they are completely replaced (unless they are cancerous). Your brain cells aren't replaced. The very complex science of metabolism tries to be efficient by caring for the things you really use. Older runners have longer telomeres than sedentary people (and even grow telomere length). Maybe because running places so many demands on the body, more repairs are made using many mechanisms.

[@Neutralmoonchild]

You can only make a copy of a copy so many times before the instructions get blurry...

[@305tzar]

Another thing to take into consideration. Telomeres are also negatively affected by the amount of calories that our body processes. Food intake directly affects the telomeres. People who usually eat less quantities of food without taking into account the nutritional facts live much longer than the rest of the population. It is a true fact.

[@justsomeawesomedude2608]

I don't care if I die I just don't wanna get old.

[@luckybani3416]

what is the difference between growth and aging

[@nacejehart4849]

They should make more videos

[@IrOnPUdDiNg385]

@Ohh Zeek - Stars are different colors primarily due to both surface temperature and the Doppler Effect. The surface temperature dictates what color the 'flame' of the star is with blue being the hottest and red being the coolest. In addition, the Doppler Effect 'tints' objects (not just stars) blue or red depending on whether they are moving towards or away from us respectively. Seeing as how we orbit the sun, this latter effect would not matter as much. With red being the coolest star, we would most likely die due to being too cold rather than to radiation exposure.

[@alibob1986]

I'm a little confused about the 50 figure for being able to replicate. Wouldn't that mean we reached that at a really young age? Or is it 50 times after the telomere has been removed? And does that mean we all have a pretty similar lifespan once that senescence has been reached, it just means the part before it varies between each person? thanks

[@caurejs]

How is life expectancy inherited from parents/grandparents genes? My both grandmothers died not reaching 70, but both granddads are alive and well going close to 80 now.

[@ramkumarr1725]

What are the exhaustive reasons scientifically for human death The exhaustive reasons for human death are complex and multifaceted, influenced by a wide range of scientific factors. Some of the primary factors include: 1. Aging: As the body ages, it becomes more susceptible to various diseases and degenerative processes, contributing to mortality. 2. Disease: Infectious diseases, chronic illnesses (e.g., heart disease, cancer, diabetes), and genetic disorders can lead to human death. 3. Genetics: Genetic factors can predispose individuals to certain diseases and conditions that may impact their lifespan. 4. Lifestyle choices: Habits such as diet, exercise, smoking, and alcohol consumption can significantly affect health and mortality. 5. Environmental factors: Exposure to toxins, pollutants, radiation, and other environmental factors can influence health and life expectancy. 6. Accidents and injuries: Accidental injuries, including those from accidents and violence, can lead to premature death. 7. Healthcare access: Access to healthcare, quality of medical care, and timely medical interventions play a role in mortality rates. 8. Socioeconomic factors: Socioeconomic status, education, and living conditions can impact health and life expectancy. 9. Mental health: Mental health conditions, if left untreated, can affect physical health and contribute to mortality. 10. Lifestyle and dietary habits: Poor nutrition, lack of physical activity, and obesity can increase the risk of various health problems. These factors interact in complex ways, and individual circumstances can vary widely. As a result, the reasons for human death are multifactorial and influenced by a combination of genetic, environmental, lifestyle, and healthcare-related factors. ChatGPT ❤❤🎉🎉

[@howieremes4666]

I have a burning question. In biology, we are doing human nature, so I was wondering if you could help me. My project is about why we gossip, and can't keep secrets, so can you make a video please?

[@NenadBojovic]

this area is still being explored, and is not understood completely, it is premature and Irresponsible to make this kind of videos

[@TheAzzyz]

i like how he neglected oxidative stress damage which is widely believed to be linked to certain disease and cancers [cancer, Parkinson's disease, Alzheimer's disease, atherosclerosis, heart failure, myocardial infarction, fragile X syndrome, Sickle Cell Disease, lichen planus, vitiligo, autism, and chronic fatigue syndrome (wikipedia)] not to forget glycation, ...err chronological age also but that is a comparatively small factor.

[@metalaki5386]

this channel can be used for school! hope you guys really make it

[@mattjohnson9389]

Why do singers and choirs need to do vocal "warm-up" exercises? Does the human voice REALLY need to be warmed up or risk harm before singing?

[@gamergodyt4167]

I want to ask the question... How did the periodic table of elements get their names?

[@TaraDobbs]

My grandmother's three sisters lived to their late 90s and she lived to 96. The youngest sister is still alive in her mid 80s the last I checked. The women on my father's side live to their early 90s. So, I might get to 100, who knows.

[@emrocks898]

ASAPscience, you are my heros

[@gretawilliams8799]

We are programmed to die but given the will to live at all cost... We all have similar bodies but different consciousness What does that mean??

[@alanco22]

If we have a biological clock, this must run at a constant or average speed which is affected by genetic make up as well environmental factors. So, is there a way of slowing the clock down? A way of prolonging life. Would our other organs like lungs, heart or even the brain be affected? Would our motor functions slow as our cells slow in production? Amazing concept to think about.

[@feliciamonroe1490]

So you're essentially saying since my parents didn't live to be 70 that my siblings and I will not live to 70 as well? Or did I misinterpret the video? Also, both parents had underlying medical conditions that also contributed to their demise. But I am still curious to know what you have to concerning my original question.

[@hopscotch5617]

Is aging an illusion?

[@zombified_pariah7720]

So basically, we need to invest our money, time, energy, and resources into finding a way to make longer telomeres. They are the key to an even longer life than we already have.

[@sparkside217]

So is dying from old age simply because you have so many cells not working? It seems like you would be able to see that though, like splotches on your skin that are dead or shortness of breath from your diaphragm muscles dying or something, is anything actually visibly not working before someone dies?

[@Moxelle07]

can you please do a video on mitosis and meiosis. We're learning it at school and I can't get my head around it! Thanks x

[@sunnybluesand2730]

Yet, I noticed a huge difference in noticeable signs of agimg AFTER peri-menopause. So, there's more to the process of aging.

[@sebaqaddorah940]

So , when telomeres are ' consumed ' do cells stop dividing or do they divide but not efficiently ? Because how does a cell realise it no longer has a telomere ? And does that mean that whenever extra division in my body is required i'll live less ? And if cells divide 20-50 times , how is organ transplant considered beneficial ? Doesn't that mean it's already expired some of it's time in another person's body ?

[@DHTGK]

when a cell runs out of telomere they just stop dividing which means that eventually your cells will grow so big they would pop or die eventually

[@djclancy]

This is not a very good summary of why we age. Telomeres have a minor effect. For example, mice have longer telomeres than us and also express the enzyme that can restore their length, whereas we don't. So why does a lab mouse live 3 years and we live 80 years? Dunno which PR company telomeres engaged but they did a good job.

[@ruhjiiv7537]

Humans are exposed to a yellow star(sun) everyday so we get radation from a yellow sun but if we were exposed to a red star could something happen to our cells, could we become more superhuman like or would we just die of due exposer to a different star??? plzzzzz do one on this I really want to know if my theory is right plzzz and thank you

[@Awesomeguy102620]

Is it a coincidence i just saw an ad that says "Life is Short" next to the video

[@stewartneal8810]

I'm terrified now

[@robm8826]

Two questions. 1. Can we tell if a person reached its Cellular Senescence 2. In relation to question 1, will be able to tell how many cellular replications have our body gone through?

[@LemonofFury]

No, their telomeres do not physically get passed onto you when you are conceived rather the genetic material for creating telomeres gets passed on so however long their telomeres are initially will affect how long yours are.

[@MeowO_O]

Around 50 times, does that mean if I bite my lip accidently more than 50 times in my lifetime, I will get lip cancer?

[@xxaquaticgamingxx3089]

Im not a geneticist but why do we leave off the end of the chromatids when replicating and just fix that?

[@shoboy321]

Well, aging/dying is pretty useful. Being old can mean that you cannot reproduce or help your young survive anymore, which means that you are not contributing to your species' survival. Therefore, death due to aging just helps to get rid of the organisms that cannot contribute to their own survival, and prevents them from taking away from their own survival.

[@tomascoronado6849]

There's no time for us There's no place for us What is this thing that builds our dreams, yet slips away from us Who wants to live forever Who wants to live forever . . .? Oh ooo oh There's no chance for us It's all decided for us This world has only one sweet moment set aside for us Who wants to live forever Who wants to live forever Ooh Who dares to love forever Oh oo woh, when love must die But touch my tears with your lips Touch my world with your fingertips And we can have forever And we can love forever Forever is our today Who wants to live forever Who wants to live forever Forever is our today Who waits forever anyway?

[@anonymous6539]

Question: what causes hate?

[@friendlyneighbourhoodbridg1354]

Omg I love you guys! Keep making these videos!

[@Kiaradono]

Can you really teach someone old to change how they think? Also, why is it hard to change how someone old thinks that's really out of date.

[@DiaaGames]

After 70 years of this comment the possibility of everyone who saw this video dying is almost 100% this world is a hallway we don't belong here we belong to the heavens

[@09williamsr]

This is going to help with my assignment sooooo much!

[@meghandonovan8625]

Why do we get sore? And how do we prevent soreness?

[@user-xg4td3gg7e]

Time is the real Terminator. Spares nobody. 🤔

[@ashleyhunt4892]

So then, would finding a way to eliminate the telomeres be the key to curing cancer?

[@cheatbluevii9123]

If we find a way to regenerate telemeres, will we obtain some form of immortality?

[@noahlovotti7722]

We have found that lengthening them helps reverse aging. The downside is that it increases cancer.

[@stmierden]

Fun fact: during cell replication on average the cell makes one mistake for every 10.000.000.000 bases (smallest pieces of DNA) it copies. One cell has 3.000.000.000 bases. This means that the efficiency of replication is practically perfect.

[@Rodney-u5c]

I am no doctor but an amateur. But I still have a guess as to what causes us to grow old. According to my guess there are actually two factors. One is the Hayflick limit which this video described. This problem is easily fixed by taking telomerase activators. The second problem is tissue degeneration. So what causes tissue degeneration? I believe it's broken protein accumulation. Cells are always dying, and when they do, I believe, the cells around them "suck-up" what they want from the dead guy, and leave behind what they don't. I heard this dead cellular debris called broken protein before. We do have M2 macrophages that can remove this broken protein, but we do not have a lot of M2 macrophages working on this job. If you're old and have had 50 cell divisions then that would mean, to my mind anyway, that 50 people's worth of cells have died and then were removed by M2 macrophages. The question is then, did they get it all? I suspect not. I suspect this un-removed broken protein is the problem. I suspect (remember I'm just an amateur) this un-removed broken protein acts like a barrier to mitosis. So that mitosis cannot regenerate all of the tissue because it can't reach it because the broken protein is in the way. You need to remove the broken protein thoroughly to enable mitosis to reach all parts of the tissue and regenerate it and give you your youth back. So how do you get the M2 macrophages to remove it more thoroughly. You need more of them. So how do you get more of them on the job? Elizabeth Blackburn said in one of her you tube videos that when you have many telomerase enzymes in a cell they begin behaving like undifferentiated stem cells. I believe pluripotent stem cells produce M2 macrophages. I heard the axolotl salamander produces pluripotent stem cells and M2 macrophages to regenerate amputated limbs. So that's my guess. Take your telomerase activators in such a way that you end up with many telomerase enzymes in your cells and get tissue regeneration activated and get your youth back.

[@FernandoNumber1]

I admire both, they have the common goal of making people smarter.

[@thelostar]

How Can We Delay Aging..

[@adamcohen1273]

Does running in the rain actually get you wetter than walking?

[@eheper]

Then there's "Defying the Odds" - mind over matter per se.

[@watermelon2228]

Can we be Immortal?

[@koji8123]

From what I gathered, not entirely, but we can life indefinatly if we could program the whole "biological clock" to NOT stop and also find a way to perfectly duplicate the telomeres to keep cells dividing. Last a cure for cancer and we'd only have enviromental factors to die from and could live forever.

[@ZeusFluxxYAkaTw1nk1e]

I just listen in class, and i find this interesting so i just want to know important stuff, so i know a lot what other people must think is needless knowledge. I am only 16 so it is just how much u wanna go for it, as to know stuff like this! But i must say be careful how u do this, because your peers might not see it as a good thing to be eager to get wise. So what i did was listen at my teacher, looked up words i didn't understand or used my spare-time reading it for fun. :)

[@Dyslexic-Artist-Theory-on-Time]

Could light photon oscillations of vibrations form the process of aging that we see and feel as the flow of ‘time’ a process of continuous energy exchange or continuous creation? With light being a wave over a period of time and a particle as time unfolds with each photon electron coupling. The electron is the most spherical object in the universe so this can form the low entropy for the increase in entropy that we have in the Second Law of Thermodynamics.

[@OnjelieMarie]

Some people say if you workout and eat healthy and take vitamins, you can live longer??? Well how does that effect the aging cycle you just explained?