The Mystery at the Most Dangerous Place on the Moon

[@astrumspace]

Get your hands on a premium Astrum poster at the 'early-bird' price before Dec 25 at www.electrify.art/astrum

[@mason96575]

I love when you post, Alex.

[@avishalom2000lm]

14:44- is that Niall Ferguson in the front row??

[@anthonylosego]

"Hygrogen and oxygen are two of the biggest materials they use right now...". except you forgot carbon. Because the most propellants are used by SpaceX now, and that's either kerosene (RP1) or methane (CH4) you need some carbon in there.

[@edwardfletcher7790]

WHY is the damn music so repetitive and LOUD ?? It's ruining the video ☹️

[@anthonylosego]

Tritium has a short half life, if you don't make it, it doesn't collect. Are you even trying?

[@SiriProject]

I remember when I was little, the prospect of water in other celestial bodies thrilled and fascinated me. Nowadays we know just how common water is across the universe, shocking how much our knowledge has increased!

[@partysuvius]

And there’s still SO much humanity hasn’t learned yet that could even further shock the scientific community, maybe even the world? Depending on what is found. A lot is happening in places we can’t yet observe. Give it time.

[@partysuvius]

And there’s still SO much humanity hasn’t learned yet that could even further shock the scientific community, maybe even the world? Depending on what is found. A lot is happening in places we can’t yet observe. Give it time.

[@archmage_of_the_aether]

Even in the 80s we had sci-fi films where ice pirates would rule the roost

[@HandleHandled]

😂show me a bottle of space water. No seriously show me a picture of any appreciable amount of water from space. Go ahead and google it. Like water that came from space not from earth. Not arguing that water isn’t abundant in space, I just find it very curious that it’s “common knowledge” that it’s abundant, yet I have never once heard not only that we “detect” water in space but that we’ve captured any. I’d love to know the details if we actually have. Go figure

[@derangius]

I remember being so stoked about the first confirmed exoplanets. Now there are thousands. I can't even imagine what we might learn even these days.

[@kewlf00l85]

Can you imagine being an alien that finds the permanently shadowed craters on the moon and being like "Ahh, nice safe place to build a home." And then satellites keep crashing into it

[@NelsonBanos-z6z]

😮 OMG! Really you actually believe this nonsense and that there are green little aliens 👽 out there.....wow.unreal.

[@ProfessorJayTee]

Hardly "safe." There are far more naturally falling meteoroids to worry about. Once reason that nearly any Moonbase will be built primarily underground or covered with a thick later of lunar regolith.

[@VeggyZ]

Well, I suspect they have better places to build their homes; the moon isn't exactly hospitable.

[@pavel9652]

Imagine them coming and crashing on the surface of our planet trying to steal the landing gear technology from Airbus or Boeing 😂 All the dubious whistleblowers report so many crashes, one might think they have ever landed successfully 😂 So they see probe and think, that is my boy, they are coming home, buckle up 😂 😂 😂

[@matwyder4187]

Always check the neighborhood before opting in for real estate. A wisdom potentially older than humankind.

[@gavinvick3592]

“Alright guys, in order to find water, we gotta crash this billion dollar complex machine into the moon” *does it three more times* “I’m starting to think we should try a different method” *continues throwing probes at the moon*

[@hillbillyhorticulture8960]

I'm sure if the money to buy these probes came from the scientists pockets, then they wouldn't waste it by crashing the probes into the moon.​@bloodstripeleatherneck1941

[@davidmackie8552]

CERN sets the pattern . . . smash stuff, then try to make sense of the shrapnel

[@davidevans3227]

i was going to say, don't they do that with stuff on the atomic level too? but is that CERN? lol sorry david Mackie 🙂 x

[@fuzzyhair321]

I wouldn't say billion though, more a few million

[@joaomartins814]

This branch of science was brought to you by Aperture Science! Im Cave Johnson signing out!

[@garycreamer1069]

Plant a Scotland flag 🏴󠁧󠁢󠁳󠁣󠁴󠁿 and it will rain within a few hours, easy.

[@coredefect6134]

Too true mate 😂

[@johnhouston9764]

My late Mom and Dad both Scottish salute 👏 you.

[@nuclearmantis666]

This one too🇳🇱

[@gflovemyweebow6094]

lol nice one 👽👾

[@Thatgarvguy]

🇬🇧 too!

[@doodletheexpoodle5083]

"You're back already---?" "Moon's wet." "....what?" "Moon's wet." I say as I grab a towel and head back in the spaceship.

[@mthlay15]

The zoom in on the smaller craters to show the Moon's slight tilt is incredible. What an astounding universe in which we live.

[@derekcoaker6579]

What accomplishments we've made.

[@mthlay15]

@derekcoaker6579 India built a very cool robot! Thankfully they avoided that 4x4m crater

[@RadicalCaveman]

I've seen better universes.

[@FLPhotoCatcher]

I predict that water will never be extracted from the craters in commercial quantities. Not because it's not there, but because it will be cheaper to ship it from other places.

[@GaiaCarney]

‘ . . . in which we liiiiiive.’ 😉

[@infinitenex8165]

lunar missions being 3x cheaper than a movie bomb is ridiculous in perspective. If only billion dollar companies had interest in sciences we would be much further in our journey in the universe.

[@zeikjt]

If only we just did the things that would progress us because we can, and not think about the monetary cost. Imagine how far along we'd be.

[@MrBottlecapBill]

@@zeikjt Not far...without profit there is no incentive. Space travel is highly unprofitable. Unlike movies. Economics is real......if we only did what you said humanity would be bankrupt and living in poverty so all exploration would end totally.

[@anydaynow01]

Yep, many science fiction greats and Carl Sagan warned us about this.

[@xanderunderwoods3363]

Yeah it's amazing how backwards priorities are in society

[@mikeyplays9677]

No return on investment in the next fiscal year. People now a days aren't interested in long term projects. Everything is replaceable and designed to break down. Other wise they wouldn't make money

[@648Roland]

Was on-board a ship off the coast of Africa when we listened to the first manned lunar landing on my fathers radio.

[@JohnnyNiteTrain]

That's awesome! I love hearing stories like this.

[@joshturner1334]

Thats pretty cool

[@lordbored2706]

Rad! When I was about 5 we spoke to a man on a solo sailing trip around the world and a cosmonaut on MIR at our neighbor's house using his serious HAM radio setup

[@eamonia]

I pooped my pants in the third grade.

[@joshturner1334]

@eamonia bro i feel ya me too in 1st grade.. During the pledge of allegiance...

[@LuciferMorningstar-zu1ud]

I love listening to astronomy, physics, astrophysics etc. videos while I work. Very thought provoking and informative while doing mundane tasks. I’d rather learn more than just fill my mind with dumb trends or stupid politics.

[@charlesdmckinley2441]

I do the same exact thing my friend while I'm at work I listen to physics consciousness reality quantum physics...it's absolutely amazing! Keep it up lol

[@4Vio4]

This is going to sound weird, but I sometimes have a hard time sleeping because my brain won’t stop over thinking. This video helps me focus on something else as I close my eyes, and it helps me sleep. It’s easy to listen to, very soothing and scientific. I can listen intrigued, or tune it out when I want to. Thank you

[@FischerNilsA]

Brain physiology and sleep hygene research tell us its the opposite. Its bad for the brain to go to sleep with media running, effs up the programmed sleep cycling. Stress hormones stay higher, REM-phases get shorter and rarer ect. Sleep is better if your brain is allowed to wind down from sscreens and input for an hour before going to bed. But I do it too, and so do many others. And yes, Scott Manley produces top dozing-off-interestedly content. I also like moth light media, different topic though.

[@erikjonromnes]

His voice is calming

[@ChrisHanks_ColonelOfTruth]

wadr and fwiw, "leeward" is the side *sheltered* from the wind; that is, it is away from the wind protected by hills, mountains, whatever. these terms aren't typically applied to the moon, but i think here you want to be saying "windward" (i.e, the side being struck by the solar wind). for example, the "leeward" side of oahu is the side where the trade winds *don't* hit, as they come from the west (and thus hit the *windward* side). again, with all due respect, and i love your channel.

[@greghight954]

The nice thing about space is that there is only a maximum of 1 bar or 14.7 psi difference in pressure. Diving in the ocean increases pressure by 1 bar about every 10 meters or 33 feet. At least in water we don’t have to worry about radiation which is a huge problem in space.

[@Quickened1]

In fact, the deeper in the water you go, the less radiation you receive! :) Suffice it to say, if something goes wrong in either environment, your chances of survival are exponentially less, than if you were standing in your living room... 😅

[@undertow2142]

Imagine if they made a space suit pressurized by a liquid layer of water within the wall of the suit. No hinges and maximum mobility. Also a small bit of radiation attenuation and relative ease of temperature regulation

[@davidpeters3857]

😂😂😂

[@jacobp8294]

​@@undertow2142it would be very heavy

[@skycloud4802]

There's a lot of pressure once you get to other planets though. Venus is no joke.

[@TheStevoth]

The moon is made of cheese. No need for expensive space probes.

[@FloppyhatCult]

Source?

[@mjgilbert5475]

Thank you Wallace.

[@DerekWalsh-l4i]

Good job that astronauts can't smell it, then, after billions of years!

[@JaleelBeig]

Can confirm, I saw with my own eyes on TV when I was a child that jerry mouse was enjoying all the cheese there

[@Faithfulfamily]

I find it incredible how much more we know about the solar system compared with what we thought we knew when I was a child in the 70’s!

[@longshucksgaming]

Now imagine given the exponential growth of technology how much more we'll know in another 40 years

[@kMegalonyx]

@@longshucksgaminglol as if we will still be here

[@Zeni-th.]

Ill be there, hopefully ​@@kMegalonyx

[@murakawa-san2279]

I was 32 when we imaged a black hole. When I’m 64, will the images be clearer?

[@jobdylan5782]

@@kMegalonyx deranged

[@lester9713]

@astrumspace I can't thank you guys enough. These videos are the best remedy for my insomnia. Alex's voice is nearly hypnotic. As an extra bonus, I'm evidently now an expert (relatively speaking) on our solar system thanks to you kind folks. Never realized how much I had learned here until a family discussion orbited around our neighboring planets and their moons. I felt like a genius, if only briefly. Wish I could offer you more than my gratitude. ❤ Happy holidays, much love

[@user-sx4yu3nw4j]

1:51 lunar regolith… not soil. Soil is organic, it’s full of microbial life, nutrients, and byproducts. Regolith is comprised of rock chips, mineral fragments, and impact & volcanic glasses.

[@sal2975]

18:12 He says it correctly here.

[@colinwinterman]

im including sprouts and parsnips with my sunday dinner today

[@z.mbii3r]

@@colinwinterman :D

[@colinwinterman]

@@z.mbii3r at time stamp 1500hrs

[@joestrat2723]

Soil can be organic or inorganic. Clay and sand are examples of mineral soils.

[@GINNERMAN]

Thanks

[@wasabista1613]

Amazing accomplishment by the Indian scientists to produce such an amazing mission on such a low budget. Especially the big wedding dance scene at the end.

[@Contredanse]

Props to the Indians. And bonus points to you for the reference to the wedding!

[@TheZombieSaints]

The bottoms of those dark craters could be good spots to put heat exchangers in there. You could easily liquify gases at those crazy temps without any specialised gear, just gas tight seals. Anyway, great video. I learned a lot.

[@saadyasternberg2321]

I've long thought the same, but now from this video learned also (a) you can put heat exchangers ANYWHERE on the surface because the heat difference just tens of cms below it is large enough; and (b) at the rims of those dark craters you can get electricity just from flows of plasma streaming from the sun....

[@PuckLokin]

You could also put up some sun shades made of aluminum foil

[@vitrums]

This compelling story about our Luna is yet another reason why Astrum rightfully occupies a spot among my most regarded channels.

[@aazhie]

Agree with you, great info, and so calmly and peacefully delivered and explained :)

[@thomasbell7033]

Thoroughly agree. Wonderful channel.

[@stephenbarrette610]

Thank you for this supercut of your brilliant content. Your videos are comparable to any could be found on legacy media, and I suspect your budget and headcount is a lot smaller! The quality, research, graphics and commentary are as good as any mainstream science documentary. Thanks again.

[@dr.brysonsfamilymedicine2453]

The Clementine mission was not a NASA mission. It was a joint mission between the Navel Research Laboratory and Lawrence Livermore Laboratory. NRL was responsible for the satellite bus and mission operations and LLNL was responsible for the instruments.

[@PabloSanchez-qu6ib]

Did the NRL find any belly button lint?

[@draculacat5616]

posters look really good, especially the universe one, i like the idea of detailed information to simply get lost in, posters of the planets with cool topography bits would be incredible, also consider high res pics for paying viewers and after enough time maybe even a few for everyone. love these videos and your insight always intrigues

[@kataseiko]

Actually, insulating the astronaut might be exactly the wrong approach. We have materials that are electrically conductive (ESD materials) that are resistant to extremely low temperatures. If all else fails, we can use a thin wire mesh. The Faraday effect would protect the astronaut while electricity can flow around them. Even better, we know how to make materials that create a static electric charge (essentially a block of plastic that solidified under an extremely high potential electric field), and if the suit is conductive while the astronaut touches the right side of that block, all the dust will just drop off.

[@exponentialnegative1]

Fascinating... an electret suit! You make great points! People forget dielectric insulators are what we use to accumulate static electricity

[@JustinLeon423]

I concur my Dear Watson

[@MrLunithy]

I've often wondered why this is not used on Mars rovers?

[@Jplays23]

​@@MrLunithyProbably concerns with power generation, fragility of components and unknown interactions with the super fine dust

[@marcusharding6650]

What about radiation?

[@drfirechief8958]

This was one your best Alex. I was in the zone like I was at a theater watching a full Hollywood movie. Chill bumps!

[@terryhammond1253]

This is a superb channel. Intelligent content... narrated slowly and thoughtfully. Thank you Alex.

[@burtlangoustine1]

Where's the thumbnailed Moon picture at? I'm 20mins in and there has been no mention of this 'Most Dangerous Place on the Moon' Sorry but this could be a sentence: 'Place A' is a dangerous place on the Moon because of 'Reason A' but no luck. Can you help?

[@Seph727]

I love that most of the missions boiled down to the most primitive experiment humans love to do, smashing objects together at high speed! We really are space orks.

[@bluewater82]

I can't believe this channel exists. Such incredibly high-quality content on a platform full of brain rot.

[@mason96575]

I hope you slowly begin to believe. I know it’s difficult at first. But it’ll become easier to believe over time, the longer you’re subscribed and viewing these videos. Truly one of my favorite channels 🫡

[@revmatchtv]

There are many excellent science channels on KZbin thankfully. The more you watch them, the more they will get recommended to you.

[@owen-trombone]

There’s an overwhelming volume of excellent content on KZbin. I rarely come across any of the garbage anymore. You just have to be selective about what you subscribe to.

[@smokinwoodz]

@@mason96575you hope he begins to believe? believe what?

[@mason96575]

@@smokinwoodz believe that this channel exists

[@davidkavanagh189]

Incredible video. It makes the Apollo achievements and the crews' bravery all the more significant.

[@77Infidel]

In a movie studio

[@davidkavanagh189]

@@77Infidel Very sad that you think that.

[@astraeanova4280]

My Incredible Universe book arrived today so I came to thank you Alex for your wonderful creation. It is well laid out and has all the details needed to get to know our Solar system. I look forward to reading through everything and admiring all the beautiful photographs. ❤😁🎉

[@christopherlenahan3906]

I tried to find the chandrayaan-1 footage of the impact...It's so obscure that I gave up.. I hate how hard it is to find real footage of space stuff.

[@superconscious.]

There is nothing real available.

[@tyrantfox7801]

The Chandrayan 1 lunar impactor was pretty small

[@joemccallum710]

Its not the difficulty or danger that stops us from doing more in space..its the cost of it that stops us

[@peterchenbutterbrot278]

that seems wrong and super stupid. war never been so much fun...

[@Alex-lc1bv]

The danger and difficulty is what makes it cost so much, though.

[@drfirechief8958]

Technically it's neither the cost or the difficulty. It's the over built unnecessary overbudget technology. We landed men on the moon with the flimsiest lunar lander you can imagine. A tinfoil box. And ISRO sent a robotic probe for the equivalent cost of $75 million total and did more science than several of the NASA probes. SpaceX is launching people to the ISS for cost in the millions not billions. Even those huge starships cost a fraction of the other rockets funded by NASA. NASA has lost their knack for building spacecraft and need to get out of the business or have major corporate change to get back to business. Like cancelling VIPER was one of the most ridiculous decisions they've ever made. But the most ridiculous is Artemis. $4.3 billion per launch when other countries and companies are doing more costing in the millions. NASA needs to stop building and just fund and manage efficient companies. Not Boeing right now. They are just as screwed up.

[@TheGesox]

If we talk about humans in space we are simply not made for living in a high Radiation low Gravitation Environment. Point

[@joemccallum710]

@@peterchenbutterbrot278 people dont make wars, government does

[@DanChernikov]

Thank you guys for creating such positive content, the internet is so full of division these days, but I always know I can come to this channel and learn and be inspired. Thank you so much.

[@kenbo-2179]

What an excellent video. Thank you so much for your hard work. You are doing the world an incredibly valuable service.

[@idw9159]

The Hydrogen may be in Hydroxyl 3:46 - you need to qualify this chemically, to indicate the OH may be in metal hydroxides. Hydroxyl itself (OH) is a highly reactive and chemically unstable diatomic radical. Many minerals contain OH e.g. Mg(OH)2 Brucite, FeO(OH).xH2O - Limonite or 'rust', aluminosilicate Micas etc.

[@Knot_Sean]

Makes sense that the moon would have water cycles, The moon does in-fact have a very thin atmosphere so it must evaporate and condenses into ice again in cooler spots. We could use super large rovers that can connect to each other, Slowly moving along the moon to stay just before or after thetwilight zone.

[@MrBottlecapBill]

Or in fact the discovery of water on the moon was totally incorrect. That seems to be what's going on to me. Less missions.......more scouring the data and machinery for errors seems more prudent at this time.

[@ssssaa2]

I think people underestimate how difficult and expensive doing anything in space will be. This is something that will take enormous amounts of time and resources before humans get anywhere in it. You can't compare it to anything humans have ever done before.

[@VSisR]

Side note: my gut feeling tells me that our species will one day go into direction of the societies of my fav sci-fi show, "the Expanse", having the less fortunate people mine the vast resources and take the risks for the better-off parts that will rake in all the riches. I hope that I'm wrong, but of course I won't live to see any of it.🤷🏻‍♀️

[@Drew_Hurst]

Seeing that now, aren't We?

[@rogercarlson2319]

That's what happened in the 18th and 19th centuries. Europe sent its poor to America, and then America became rich. The same will happen in space. The downtrodden won't stay that way for long. It's actually a very inspiring vision.

[@richardbrook4545]

​@@rogercarlson2319They will if the rich are in control of basic resources like air

[@DevinDTV]

AI/robotics will make human space miners obsolete before they ever begin.

[@calummacleod2107]

Great show, shame they never finished it. BSG is still the best sci-fi it’s incredible.

[@rais1953]

The minerals proposed to be mined on the moon would possibly be present on other large bodies such as Vesta and Ceres. Vesta is highly mineralised but may have some sub-surface water. Ceres has plenty of water. These bodies are a little further out than Mars but have the advantage of very low gravity, easy to land on and easy to leave. Mining could be done by remote control with only rare human visits where necessary.

[@How2Texan]

Most videos like this cant keep my attention but this was excellent. Keep it up

[@vijaygiri7747]

I am a huge fan of ASTRUM and Alex McColgan's voice, really glad to find this channel❤

[@CameronHuff]

Reading the title made me think of this: Moon's haunted. What? (grabs a shotgun) Moon's haunted.

[@user-em1dg3he1h]

Walked outside this morning. Its raining , and the creek by the house is running. So what. They found some water. Probably a abundant in the universe.

[@thothheartmaat2833]

the craters on the moon are huge.. if you play kerbal space program and find a crater to go down into you can slide around like youre skiing down a mountain range into the crater.. its crazy..

[@SSMLivingPictures]

Is this a game?

[@OtakuUnitedStudio]

​@@SSMLivingPictures yes, one that attempts accurate scale for space travel and planetary dynamics

[@SSMLivingPictures]

@@OtakuUnitedStudio Good answer 🤣

[@mrcrazyhair9230]

@@SSMLivingPictureskerbal space program is an amazing game if you are into designing and flying spacecraft

[@BikingwithJP]

Remember in the 1980's Lunar Embassy was selling land on the moon? They claim to have sold more than 600 million acres of land on the moon. Imagine setting up the very first lunar base and immediately receiving a trespassing notice 😅

[@pauls5745]

This is exciting, but in 20 years we'll mine water, and some metals and in 100 years we fret about how the moon is starting to just crumble away into dust.

[@SeauxNOLALady]

My favorite thing about science is how it advances at an exponential pace! The study of planets in other star systems, subsurface oceans in the moons of our own solar system that could potentially host life, the discovery of the supermassive black hole in the center of our Milky Way along with similar behemoths in the core of all large galaxies, to the incredible images of the central black holes in our galaxy and the M86 galaxy and on and on. We go from a wild idea or hypothesis to proving the hypothesis and also discovering so much more that we never would have conceived of! One discovery leads to significantly more questions and that’s the most exciting aspect of science.

[@refurbansuburban]

Thank you for another informative video. Well done!

[@golden1789]

I always relax when listening to your soft voice and calm and intelligent documentaries. Thank you Astrum for helping me with my depression if 2024.

[@RockFPV]

Top Notch Quality as usual, thanks a lot!

[@davidevans3227]

..got a pair of binoculars for Christmas, looking forward to checking out the moon, when the cloud clears! greetings from south wales, uk 🙂 x thankyou for sharing this..

[@iloveemeralds4622]

Me anywhere else on the moon: *painful choking* Me there: *painful choking* Yeh that’s the one place there I can go

[@ThousandYearMysteries]

lunar missions being 3x cheaper than a movie bomb is ridiculous in perspective.

[@planetsec9]

Can't wait for Artemis III astronauts to descend down from the SpaceX HLS equipped with a sturdy wooden shovel, and just start digging and see what they find lol

[@zimmelstern4313]

If you can't do new school go old 😊

[@daltongalloway]

Nah that’ll never happen. Especially with Elon in charge of government spending.!

[@derekcoaker6579]

​@@daltongallowayIt will absolutely happen. It's the only reason Elon thinks he can "do Politics".

[@peacedos1]

​@@daltongalloway idk, it seems like we are at the start of new Space Race with China and other countries growing interest in moon

[@Dante-ki4ol]

HLS is way too big for the Moon. Musk has no valid plans.

[@kingpest13]

Im so sick of KZbin ads erasing long comments. It didn't always do that. Great update guys👍

[@arnicus208]

The fact the moon’s is made largely of cheese is both worrying and encouraging. One, it’s a good source of calories, but (2) some cheeses are very soft and could be dangerous like quicksand. Then there’s constipation,which is a huge problem.

[@77Infidel]

You could snort it like hunter does

[@JhonelD]

Just found your channel and I love the videos I’ve always loved space

[@hizacaine]

OK, so where is the most dangerous place on the moon? Aside from that lingering question that was posited as the subject in the title, this was an awesome video. Seems like all that electrical potential in the regolith might have some use.

[@zackmakesstuff470]

The polar crater that has the lowest recorded temperature on any object in the solar system, colder than Pluto. This is within a massive crater that never sees sunlight. That part tickled my danger meter, idk about the rest of you.

[@hizacaine]

Waaaa, it's dark and cold I want my mommy. Maybe if there was flying space sharks that skewer their regalith rubbed astronaut snacks with arc welding icicle shiska-tusks...now that would be dangerous

[@wasabista1613]

@@zackmakesstuff470 That's the part of the moon where if you go there, you die, unlike the rest of the moon, where if you go there, you die.

[@Booourns]

⁠@@hizacaineI’ll take my odds with flying space sharks over the coldest environment in the solar system. I have a chance at dodging flying sharks. Especially since they will be dead.

[@hizacaine]

What in frozen hell makes you think you can kill space sharks if you can't even remember to bring a flash light and long johns on a little day hike to the bottom of a moon hole?

[@xanderunderwoods3363]

I absolutely love your content. As a strategic tech consultant I will say there's something very ominous about the way that viper was canceled, it simply doesn't make sense. The Congressional oversight committee wasn't even notified until after the fact, and they were supposed to be the ones that had control over it. No one in the industry really understands what happened. If course there are a lot of theories. None of them truly add up. The money, hardware, and personnel, were all allocated. Under contract and under law. Indeed they should not have even had the legal right to cancel it based on the contractual agreements of the financing of the project. It just doesn't make any sense. Something is not right here. Even if you just look at it from a legal perspective, under the law I should not have been canceled. Genuinely mind-boggling. Even DARPA was confused about this. Truly bizarre the way Viper was terminated. Fortunately there are a lot of contingencies to keep it going. Many of the personnel who are working on the project refused to quit. Honestly it might just come down to some personality rivalries. I've heard through the grapevine that nobody liked one of the lead project managers, which led to a significant amount of internal chaos, just like what caused Northrop Grumman to implode. I'm not sure if that had anything to do with it, but at least that would make sense. Bitter people can do crazy things, just to look at most domestic violence calls that law enforcement has to deal with. Just my thoughts on the matter. Thank you for everything that you make, this channel is phenomenal.

[@JACCO20082012]

I thought I was watching a video of the most dangerous place. Not a documentary about water.

[@iVenge]

Exactly. I gave up halfway through.

[@oneleggoalie]

...oddly enough only the three of us seem to notice...makes one wonder if people actually understand what they're listening to...much like in political rallies. 😐

[@HYRULE10]

I suppose the danger is of electrocution everywhere the sun doesn't shine too much? But yes, I too was tricked into learning fun facts about how ISRO's first mission probably just had some engineers sneeze on the lens of their instruments, leading to a wild goose chase for decades for water that isn't actually there.

[@knitwitchpgh]

I think we expected so much to be similar to Earth and we forget that so much isn't like Earth that even when we find hydrogen and oxygen particles that doesn't mean that we're going to see ice crystals. Just like if we find biologics one day it's not going to be another humanoid it's going to be microbials. At least close to us. Getting to live through this era of Discovery is one of my favorites.

[@undertow2142]

We’re going to have to process a lot of regolith to get the water we need. I say take a lunar starship barebones with an empty cargo bay. Then have a dedicated assembly line that converts the cargo bay and the rest of the ship in to an autoclave with water and helium and other gas storage and a conveyor belt / auger system that can feed regalith inside process and eject then repeat. I think you could build this functionality into the structure of the starship itself then launch it to the moon. A separate ship takes up rovers with plow and scraper tools to collect and move the regolith around. The spoil - already being at a high temp could be mixed with polymer and extruded. Then the extrusion fed into a 3d printer moon base building rover bot.

[@titaniusanglesmith9690]

Have you ever worked around an industrial conveyor? That aspect alone is something that requires an absurd level of maintenance and tinkering. Key aspects of the device are ultimately consumable and will need to be regularly replaced. Difficult to be automated

[@Hoodlum555]

Another fabulous video, thank you! and merry Christmas!

[@hemanthharrilall6469]

I like the advice to astronauts. "If you want to find a drink of water on the Moon, you might want to start by bringing a shovel."

[@stratusboy]

I always wondered why our moon was called the moon when all the other planets that have moons have really cool names like Titan

[@robertfindley921]

"Or do people smell profit in space?" Yes. That's pretty much all that matters anymore. But then it used to be mostly military motives, so you can decide if that's an improvement.

[@MarcoLandin]

yeah. unfortunately the Pure Quest For Knowledge, by itself, has never been enough of an incentive for all the funding necessary. But, "Space is a Business" certainly feels less s#!77y than "Space is a War"

[@eonreeves4324]

capitalism might be the natural driving force of humanity, the one that drives our technology forwards

[@penteractgaming]

Id rather our motivation to explore space be getting resources to build xboxes than to secure more efficient ways to bludgeon each other over the head.

[@1DayAtATime33]

Just snake salesman selling the same old space 💩 to the ignorant. There is nothing on this planet that can get through the radiation surrounding our planet. It's a scientific fact. You will burn alive. You may as well set a course for the sun. Always do your research and learn. Don't take anything on face value unless ignorance, instead of knowledge, is your thing.

[@KirkSalty]

Make no mistake militaries are absolutely still thinking about how to exploit space, just look at the creation of the Space Force as an example

[@SteveSiegelin]

Everybody keeps missing a key part of what tritium is used for though. We also use it in a lot of our safety equipment so we need a lot more tritium used in the civilian world than we do in the military world. In fact I have a few projects where I need more tritium than I have already but because of the change in the regulations I cannot purchase anymore. I own less than 1 Curie of tritium. It is kept in a 3 level containment unit but I am always safe with it when I'm experimenting. It is used in almost all of our safety signs as an internal and self-sustaining light source. I'd like to see more access to civilian scientists, unfortunately we can't trust everybody.

[@mellertid]

Small clarification: regolith is any loose material on the bedrock in general, not specifically on the Moon.

[@rufusleaking1884]

Imagine an alien species surveying the moon, knowing that sentient life exists on earth, and seeing the wreckage from all the crashed probes. They'd have to wonder: "Wow, are those earthlings really such terrible shots? All their probes keep crashing!"

[@toyfreaks]

This video really expands the experience of watching the Duncan Jones maserpiece Moon (2009) where they... uh... spoilers! Just go watch it

[@brigidsingleton1596]

I have yet to see Moon by Duncan Jones but want to, if only to honour his bloodline.

[@anthonyclayden7717]

I think humanity should show we can be trusted with one planet before we try to establish industry on another.

[@Spoopy_man]

Thanks i'll keep it in mind the next time i go there.

[@chaotic_enby2625]

I’m currently planning out a sci-fi story I want to eventually write (hopefully I’ll actually follow through with that…) set on the moon, and this video has helped me a lot with fleshing out my ideas, thank you

[@tosspot1305]

Love the longer format!

[@Transberrylemonaid]

Really makes me think of Artemis by Andy Weir. There is a really important issue addressed. It’s really worth the read (hopefully we get a movie too)

[@raevn11]

Congrats on the art work and collabs! Great timing too 😁👌

[@tristan7216]

Mining for rare earths on the moon seems like a boondoggle to me, given the transportation costs. Hope I'm wrong tho, maybe we can use mass drivers to get the stuff back, like in that Heilein novel but not as a weapon.

[@tykobes4132]

The craters on the north and south poll gatering negatively charged particles is so cool. I never heard that before ❤

[@mobiuseno]

Happy Solstice 💚

[@mason96575]

My response to people saying “Merry Christmas!” is always “Happy Winter Solstice!”

[@Uhtred-the-bold]

Wow so clever

[@mason96575]

@@Uhtred-the-bold sorry we hurt your feelings

[@artybone6946]

You have the best visuals ans animations than all the other channels!

[@kalef1234]

Cant wait to see how the owner class will exploit the working class for the accumulation of capital on the moon

[@melindahughes3984]

It all sounds great...but our Moons mass has a significant impact on its ability to regulate our earths tilt/water cycle (tides)...I have a huge hmmmm🤔 to the benefits/risks of this exploration and mining... hope folks take this into consideration for our future generations to come.

[@e-rock2564]

Before we go mining stuff from the moon we severely need to advance our mining efficiency as a race so we don't waste any % of the resource.

[@thatsHECKAtight]

Yup always come back later when you get fortune 3

[@rufusleaking1884]

I agree, though what you ask for may require several technological leaps we've yet to make. Additionally, said leaps may work well on earth, but be useless in a milieu bereft of atmosphere and subject to extreme ambient temperature variations. I hope not, but it would be silly not anticipate such things.

[@titaniusanglesmith9690]

Yeah I just saw a comment about some sort of automated conveyor in an automated ship that would process regolith or however it's spelled to gain water. The commenter has a fundamental lack of understanding just how human dependent those tools are. Just a material conveyor sort of device is needed to be constantly maintained and tinkered with it just to keep it always operational. On top of all that the equipment itself has consumable parts that make up the majority of it's components. I. Hope automation grows to that point eventually tho

[@e-rock2564]

@titaniusanglesmith9690 it would only get there when we have ai repair bots

[@LorikQuinn]

Mining will always create waste and residues, but what will we do with the waste on the moon, where would we dispose ir? Space waste management has to become a thing. Btw, space landfills.

[@The_Necrogeddon]

the narration is mesmerizing

[@goofables4949]

Bro turned a 5 minute video into 40m of artificial suspense

[@ManMountainMetals]

Most people listen to go to sleep not for any meaningful content 😴

[@paulm749]

I'm no hydrologist, but it seems that water ice might tend to sublimate on the open surface of the moon, which would support the idea that it will more likely be found mixed into the subsurface material.

[@KlausbergerYT]

"Billion Kilograms" is a really weird way to say Million tons. But then comparing it with cars is even weirder 😅

[@Baerchenization]

I just watched a video where the temperature inside the sun was stated as Kelvin, and then also as Celsius.... must be the AI writing the script had a brain fart ;)

[@KlausbergerYT]

@@Baerchenization with the difference, that Kelvin and Celsius are comparable (0°K = -273.15°C) but cars and kilogram are not really.

[@MarcoLandin]

Yes! Hey Alex, how many DUCKS would that be then?

[@KlausbergerYT]

​@@MarcoLandin a average Duck weights around 0.9 to 1.4 kg, a average car between 1.200 and 2500, so: 461,538,462 Cars * 1,800kg = 853,846,154,700 kg / 1,15 kg Ducks = 742,474,917,130.43478260869565217 Ducks = 1,636,876,998,461.0518 lbs = 116,919,785,604.36082458 Stone = 141452529 US, dry bushel Sugar.

[@TagiukGold]

A thousand kilotons.

[@kingpest13]

That mazda commercial is hilarious. A chick on a horse with a cowboy hat on is SUPER impressed by the mazda

[@Belamusic-1]

This seems simple to resolve to me 🤔…. So the moon gets up to 120c in the day and they’ve detected water in the lunar soil in the sun lit areas , so put a green house structure over a patch of soil and the water will evaporate and later when the moon cools at night it will condense and can be collected

[@kirandeepchakraborty7921]

Happy New Year ❤

[@johndc2998]

Yesss new Astrum video!!!☺️

[@RCAvhstape]

In the 50s and 60s Robert Heinlein wrote sci fi stories such as "The Moon is a Harsh Mistress" where he described lunar colonies getting water ice from underground mining. Seems like he may have been onto something with that guess.

[@freemarketjoe9869]

The best thing about the moon is the fact it's there to give our oceans their tides.

[@brigidsingleton1596]

But the tides are reducing the further the Moon moves away from us, as it already is... How (if it will/ can) will the Sun's effects counteract the diminishing lunar tides...?

[@jdp2571]

Stabilizing the tides. The tide was 400ft high before the moon. The moon also makes procreation possible by affecting menstruation.

[@brigidsingleton1596]

@@jdp2571 Is the link to menstruation fact or myth?

[@PabloSanchez-qu6ib]

Myth

[@SuperYoman100]

So incredibly proud of ISRO!

[@Twenty_Six_Hundred]

The sad part is we all can't agree on things here on Earth, i highly doubt those rules for space exploration will stick in the future

[@anildhope1]

Nicely explained about the Chandrayaan mission❤

[@assininecomment1630]

😄 28:43 - This very brief clip is both cartoonish, and poetically beautiful... It's interesting to learn of numerous complexities for future lunar exploration, and in particular spacesuit design. Still, I found it pretty funny to see that bloke helping out with a trial lunar lander, just wearing his drill cotton shirt+trousers and a floppy sun hat. 😆 He's probably a hugely knowledgeable scientist doing brilliant work at pointy end of space exploration technologies. But the scene is like a fictional time-travelling space explorer, has landed on a 20th century farm, in the Strayan outback! We're a staggeringly inventive and inquisitive species - but we hoomans have charmingly simple needs too. 🙂

[@kylev.8248]

The idea of a quantum computer there is amazing and that Moon crater

[@CuddleFish124]

Why is it when I saw the title of this video my first thought was “of course we can’t go there that’s where the Monolith is buried!”

[@malfeitor1349]

Because you’re slow