Battle of Merv, 484 AD - Attila of the East - Greatest Hunnic Conqueror?

[@HistoryMarche]

🥏 Visit 80000hours.org/historymarche and start planning a career that is meaningful, fulfilling, and helps solve one of the world’s most pressing problems. Make your 80,000 hours count.

[@danielsantiagourtado3430]

Love your content ❤❤❤❤

[@روكانروكانالحديثي]

store khosrow ANUSHIRWAN (khosrow i) ❤❤ king of kings, please please ❤

[@legalna2rp]

A good film about The Kingdom which broke Sassanid Empire for a long time.

[@oooooo-jy4lf]

roma sending money for dude thats in prison id be sending an army to take some land not money, or sending some money to the smaller tribes insight them to invade while dude is captive

[@ramtin5152]

The Hephthalites were stopped and defeated by an Iranian noble called Sukhra of the house of Karen but since most of the Sassanid army was lost during those 3 battles, they weren't able to take back the lost territories Surkhab quickly installed Peroz brother, Balash, on the Sassanid throne, regrouped the rest of the Sassanid army and marched against the Hephthalite king, Khushnavaz When he reached Gorgan, Khushnavaz was informed of Surkhab's plan of attacking him, he prepared his men for battle and sent a message to Surkhab, asking him his name, official position and intentions Surkhab shortly sent a message back, informing him of his name and position Khushnavaz thereafter sent another message, warning him of doing the same mistake as Peroz I However, he wasn't discouraged by Khushnavaz words and even raided Hephthalite territories, met Hephthalite king's army in battle and inflicted a heavy defeat on him This made Khushnavaz sue for peace which Surkhab would only accept if the Hephthalites would give him everything that had been seized from Peroz camp including all his wealth, royal treasury, his chief priest and Peroz's daughter, Perozdukht His demands were accepted and peace was made He then returned to Ctesiphon, where he was received with great honor by nobles and people like a hero In 503, Kavad I countered and repelled a Hephthalite attack and in 508, a Sasanian campaign under Kavad I, led to the conquest of the Zundaber (Zumdaber) Castellum, associated with the temple of az Zunin in the area of ad Dawar, situated between Bust and Kandahar Based on the Sassanid coin found in Merv, it's indicated that the Sassanids under Kavad I defeated the Hephthalites and reconquered the great Khorasan Khosrow Anushiravan, allied with the Gokturks, and conquered the southern half of the Hephthalite empire while the Gokturks conquered the northern half The Hephthalite king, Ghadfar, and what was left of his men, took refuge in the Sassanid empire under Khosrow Anushiravan Gokturks sent a delegate with gifts to strengthen the alliance They made a treaty and sent, Faghanish, the Hephthalite who was supposed to be their own puppet king to Ctesiphon to be approved by Khosrow who made Faghanish and his kingdom into his own vassal instead In 562, Khosrow defeated the Hephthalites AGAIN and also stopped the threat of Turks Sinjibu attacked the Sassanid borders but in the end, gave his daughter's hand in marriage to Khosrow Anushiravan which wouldn't have been possible without a Sassanid counter attack and victory

[@bullettrain2224]

Peroz, meaning "Victorious", is definitely a contender for the Most Ironically Named Ruler of All-Time.

[@The_ZeroLine]

He should have been whatever the Farsi equivalent of King Ransomed or King Always Conquered would be.

[@ramtin5152]

The Hephthalites were stopped and defeated by an Iranian noble called Sukhra of the house of Karen but since most of the Sassanid army was lost during those 3 battles, they weren't able to take back the lost territories Surkhab quickly installed Peroz brother, Balash, on the Sassanid throne, regrouped the rest of the Sassanid army and marched against the Hephthalite king, Khushnavaz When he reached Gorgan, Khushnavaz was informed of Surkhab's plan of attacking him, he prepared his men for battle and sent a message to Surkhab, asking him his name, official position and intentions Surkhab shortly sent a message back, informing him of his name and position Khushnavaz thereafter sent another message, warning him of doing the same mistake as Peroz I However, he wasn't discouraged by Khushnavaz words and even raided Hephthalite territories, met Hephthalite king's army in battle and inflicted a heavy defeat on him This made Khushnavaz sue for peace which Surkhab would only accept if the Hephthalites would give him everything that had been seized from Peroz camp including all his wealth, royal treasury, his chief priest and Peroz's daughter, Perozdukht His demands were accepted and peace was made He then returned to Ctesiphon, where he was received with great honor by nobles and people like a hero In 503, Kavad I countered and repelled a Hephthalite attack and in 508, a Sasanian campaign under Kavad I, led to the conquest of the Zundaber (Zumdaber) Castellum, associated with the temple of az Zunin in the area of ad Dawar, situated between Bust and Kandahar Based on the Sassanid coin found in Merv, it's indicated that the Sassanids under Kavad I defeated the Hephthalites and reconquered the great Khorasan Khosrow Anushiravan, allied with the Gokturks, and conquered the southern half of the Hephthalite empire while the Gokturks conquered the northern half The Hephthalite king, Ghadfar, and what was left of his men, took refuge in the Sassanid empire under Khosrow Anushiravan Gokturks sent a delegate with gifts to strengthen the alliance They made a treaty and sent, Faghanish, the Hephthalite who was supposed to be their own puppet king to Ctesiphon to be approved by Khosrow who made Faghanish and his kingdom into his own vassal instead In 562, Khosrow defeated the Hephthalites AGAIN and also stopped the threat of Turks Sinjibu attacked the Sassanid borders but in the end, gave his daughter's hand in marriage to Khosrow Anushiravan which wouldn't have been possible without a Sassanid counter attack and victory

[@hentaioverwhelming]

There were 2 more Sassanian kings of that name and it honestly looks more like a cursed name for people.

[@Oguzxon1]

Khushnawar means white knight (cavalry)

[@ramtin5152]

@@Oguzxon1 It was later changed to Khushnawaz meaning beautiful player or musician

[@tyronewilliams7556]

I had never even heard of the Hephtalites, let alone this brilliant leader. This was a doubly pleasant video for me. Kudos Marche

[@Techtalk2030]

The Hephthalites (Bactrian: ηβοδαλο, romanized: Ebodalo),[11] sometimes called the White Huns (also known as the White Hunas, in Iranian as the Spet Xyon and in Sanskrit as the Sveta-huna),[12][13] were a people who lived in Central Asia during the 5th to 8th centuries CE, part of the larger group of the Iranian Huns.[14][15] They formed an empire, the Imperial Hephthalites, and were militarily important from 450 CE, when they defeated the Kidarites, to 560 CE, when combined forces from the First Turkic Khaganate and the Sasanian Empire defeated them.[1][16]

[@yakov95000]

They were Huns just who went south not West

[@YSK2891]

@@Techtalk2030also mention alhuns , all of them as shato Turks were descendants of the Huns from Central Asia, were Turkic tribes

[@ramtin5152]

The Hephthalites were stopped and defeated by an Iranian noble called Sukhra of the house of Karen but since most of the Sassanid army was lost during those 3 battles, they weren't able to take back the lost territories Surkhab quickly installed Peroz brother, Balash, on the Sassanid throne, regrouped the rest of the Sassanid army and marched against the Hephthalite king, Khushnavaz When he reached Gorgan, Khushnavaz was informed of Surkhab's plan of attacking him, he prepared his men for battle and sent a message to Surkhab, asking him his name, official position and intentions Surkhab shortly sent a message back, informing him of his name and position Khushnavaz thereafter sent another message, warning him of doing the same mistake as Peroz I However, he wasn't discouraged by Khushnavaz words and even raided Hephthalite territories, met Hephthalite king's army in battle and inflicted a heavy defeat on him This made Khushnavaz sue for peace which Surkhab would only accept if the Hephthalites would give him everything that had been seized from Peroz camp including all his wealth, royal treasury, his chief priest and Peroz's daughter, Perozdukht His demands were accepted and peace was made He then returned to Ctesiphon, where he was received with great honor by nobles and people like a hero In 503, Kavad I countered and repelled a Hephthalite attack and in 508, a Sasanian campaign under Kavad I, led to the conquest of the Zundaber (Zumdaber) Castellum, associated with the temple of az Zunin in the area of ad Dawar, situated between Bust and Kandahar Based on the Sassanid coin found in Merv, it's indicated that the Sassanids under Kavad I defeated the Hephthalites and reconquered the great Khorasan Khosrow Anushiravan, allied with the Gokturks, and conquered the southern half of the Hephthalite empire while the Gokturks conquered the northern half The Hephthalite king, Ghadfar, and what was left of his men, took refuge in the Sassanid empire under Khosrow Anushiravan Gokturks sent a delegate with gifts to strengthen the alliance They made a treaty and sent, Faghanish, the Hephthalite who was supposed to be their own puppet king to Ctesiphon to be approved by Khosrow who made Faghanish and his kingdom into his own vassal instead In 562, Khosrow defeated the Hephthalites AGAIN and also stopped the threat of Turks Sinjibu attacked the Sassanid borders but in the end, gave his daughter's hand in marriage to Khosrow Anushiravan which wouldn't have been possible without a Sassanid counter attack and victory

[@a.d.1926]

they were called Akhun which mean White Huns in Turkish. They are Turkic and related to medieval Turkic tribes.

[@GermanicDutchEnjoyer]

A great warrior and conquerer, very unknown in the Western world. We should also give credits to his military genius, his battle of Herat was a masterpiece.

[@JugglingAddict]

There is an anime that depicts that battle from the viewpoint of the Sassanians. About how 1 prince survives and plans to get his position back with the help of 1 of the courts''spie's''. Look for something akin to: the tale of Arslan. I thought it was a pretty fun anime/manga (both exist) that should be interesting to history fans. 😁

[@TheStrategos392]

Wouldn’t mind finding a good book on this guy.

[@ramtin5152]

The Hephthalites were stopped and defeated by an Iranian noble called Sukhra of the house of Karen but since most of the Sassanid army was lost during those 3 battles, they weren't able to take back the lost territories Surkhab quickly installed Peroz brother, Balash, on the Sassanid throne, regrouped the rest of the Sassanid army and marched against the Hephthalite king, Khushnavaz When he reached Gorgan, Khushnavaz was informed of Surkhab's plan of attacking him, he prepared his men for battle and sent a message to Surkhab, asking him his name, official position and intentions Surkhab shortly sent a message back, informing him of his name and position Khushnavaz thereafter sent another message, warning him of doing the same mistake as Peroz I However, he wasn't discouraged by Khushnavaz words and even raided Hephthalite territories, met Hephthalite king's army in battle and inflicted a heavy defeat on him This made Khushnavaz sue for peace which Surkhab would only accept if the Hephthalites would give him everything that had been seized from Peroz camp including all his wealth, royal treasury, his chief priest and Peroz's daughter, Perozdukht His demands were accepted and peace was made He then returned to Ctesiphon, where he was received with great honor by nobles and people like a hero In 503, Kavad I countered and repelled a Hephthalite attack and in 508, a Sasanian campaign under Kavad I, led to the conquest of the Zundaber (Zumdaber) Castellum, associated with the temple of az Zunin in the area of ad Dawar, situated between Bust and Kandahar Based on the Sassanid coin found in Merv, it's indicated that the Sassanids under Kavad I defeated the Hephthalites and reconquered the great Khorasan Khosrow Anushiravan, allied with the Gokturks, and conquered the southern half of the Hephthalite empire while the Gokturks conquered the northern half The Hephthalite king, Ghadfar, and what was left of his men, took refuge in the Sassanid empire under Khosrow Anushiravan Gokturks sent a delegate with gifts to strengthen the alliance They made a treaty and sent, Faghanish, the Hephthalite who was supposed to be their own puppet king to Ctesiphon to be approved by Khosrow who made Faghanish and his kingdom into his own vassal instead In 562, Khosrow defeated the Hephthalites AGAIN and also stopped the threat of Turks Sinjibu attacked the Sassanid borders but in the end, gave his daughter's hand in marriage to Khosrow Anushiravan which wouldn't have been possible without a Sassanid counter attack and victory

[@ramtin5152]

@@JugglingAddict The Hephthalites were stopped and defeated by an Iranian noble called Sukhra of the house of Karen but since most of the Sassanid army was lost during those 3 battles, they weren't able to take back the lost territories Surkhab quickly installed Peroz brother, Balash, on the Sassanid throne, regrouped the rest of the Sassanid army and marched against the Hephthalite king, Khushnavaz When he reached Gorgan, Khushnavaz was informed of Surkhab's plan of attacking him, he prepared his men for battle and sent a message to Surkhab, asking him his name, official position and intentions Surkhab shortly sent a message back, informing him of his name and position Khushnavaz thereafter sent another message, warning him of doing the same mistake as Peroz I However, he wasn't discouraged by Khushnavaz words and even raided Hephthalite territories, met Hephthalite king's army in battle and inflicted a heavy defeat on him This made Khushnavaz sue for peace which Surkhab would only accept if the Hephthalites would give him everything that had been seized from Peroz camp including all his wealth, royal treasury, his chief priest and Peroz's daughter, Perozdukht His demands were accepted and peace was made He then returned to Ctesiphon, where he was received with great honor by nobles and people like a hero In 503, Kavad I countered and repelled a Hephthalite attack and in 508, a Sasanian campaign under Kavad I, led to the conquest of the Zundaber (Zumdaber) Castellum, associated with the temple of az Zunin in the area of ad Dawar, situated between Bust and Kandahar Based on the Sassanid coin found in Merv, it's indicated that the Sassanids under Kavad I defeated the Hephthalites and reconquered the great Khorasan Khosrow Anushiravan, allied with the Gokturks, and conquered the southern half of the Hephthalite empire while the Gokturks conquered the northern half The Hephthalite king, Ghadfar, and what was left of his men, took refuge in the Sassanid empire under Khosrow Anushiravan Gokturks sent a delegate with gifts to strengthen the alliance They made a treaty and sent, Faghanish, the Hephthalite who was supposed to be their own puppet king to Ctesiphon to be approved by Khosrow who made Faghanish and his kingdom into his own vassal instead In 562, Khosrow defeated the Hephthalites AGAIN and also stopped the threat of Turks Sinjibu attacked the Sassanid borders but in the end, gave his daughter's hand in marriage to Khosrow Anushiravan which wouldn't have been possible without a Sassanid counter attack and victory

[@byronwaldron7933]

@@ramtin5152 To an extent Sukhra's successes are a Persian romance. Contemporary sources indicate that any success won by the satrap of Sakastan was modest. His achievement was survival and keeping Sakastan under Persian control (unlike certain other territories). The war ended as a clear Hephthalite victory. Only much later, probably after the death of his patron Khushnawar, did Kavad manage to retake some territories.

[@ElBandito]

Hephtalites to Peroz: How many times do we need to teach you the same lesson, old man?

[@arawn1061]

Peroz probably thought "hey third times the charm, right"

[@georgebailey8179]

He was outwitted twice. Surely it was obvious to him that he was outmatched. But no, he just kept trying. A+ for effort, E- for attainment.

[@michaelsinger4638]

It also seemingly Never occurred to him that his enemies probably had another clever trap up their sleeve this time as well.

[@arawn1061]

@@georgebailey8179 Why let forthought or logic stop you? Absolute monarchy baby

[@aturner488]

I can only imagine not being defeated in pitched open battle made him think it didnt count lols

[@Pax_Omoluabi]

This is exactly how history ought to be presented - engaging and profound. Go team HistoryMarche !

[@diraska]

The way those men died in the trenches is one of the most horrifying ways to die for a soldier. All this time training, the speeches and the commitment to your king and victory… and you rush head long into a ditch… one after another. The fall only kills a few, sadly… so it’s the crush that gets them or the lack of air or flailing hooves. Quick is the lucky way to go

[@netbanger547]

Kushnawar is definently one of the most underrated generals of middle asia

[@ramtin5152]

The Sassanid king, Peroz I, was defeated 3 times and killed in the end and most of eastern Sassanid provinces were conquered by Hephthalites However, the Hephthalites were stopped and defeated by an Iranian noble called Sukhra of the house of Karen but since most of the Sassanid army was lost during those 3 battles, they weren't able to take back the lost territories Surkhab quickly installed Peroz brother, Balash, on the Sassanid throne, regrouped the rest of the Sassanid army and marched against the Hephthalite king, Khushnavaz When he reached Gorgan, Khushnavaz was informed of Surkhab's plan of attacking him, he prepared his men for battle and sent a message to Surkhab, asking him his name, official position and intentions Surkhab shortly sent a message back, informing him of his name and position Khushnavaz thereafter sent another message, warning him of doing the same mistake as Peroz I However, he wasn't discouraged by Khushnavaz words and even raided Hephthalite territories, met Hephthalite king's army in battle and inflicted a heavy defeat on him This made Khushnavaz sue for peace which Surkhab would only accept if the Hephthalites would give him everything that had been seized from Peroz camp including all his wealth, royal treasury, his chief priest and Peroz's daughter, Perozdukht His demands were accepted and peace was made He then returned to Ctesiphon, where he was received with great honor by nobles and people like a hero

[@TerrorbelliDecuspacis-w5f]

The Kingmaker! If not Roman ransome for keeping sassanid as buffer zone, he would have given a couple of visits to Constantinople

[@Liquidsback]

@@ramtin5152 Sukhra of the House of Karen wanted to speak with the Hepthalites manager.

[@ramtin5152]

@@Liquidsback He defeated the Hephthalites

[@DragovianMythiX]

@@ramtin5152 We don't take kindly to persian propaganda here. shoosh, shoosh, go away!

[@barryboushehri1707]

Fascinating. Please more on Sassanian Empire, and Shahanshah Khosrow Anushiravan.

[@viraloracle5151]

Shapur II

[@LightxHeaven]

The Sassanids are the true Scourge of God hellbent on using eastern black magic to terrorize civilization itself in the Eastern Roman Empire.

[@HistoryMarche]

Thank you sir for supporting my work. Very kind of you!

[@hussainhussaini-qr3fg]

​@@HistoryMarche Could you do video about Shah Ismail😭

[@Techtalk2030]

Make more about Sassanid Persians please. Make one about shapur 2nd

[@nikitaostrovsky8416]

Imagine being like Peroz, never learning from past mistakes, each time failing harder than the last time. It takes a profound idiot to mark the success of a profound tactician.

[@shamsishraq6831]

And what's he doing marching with his family every time? A campaign in the mountains and deserts of C Asia seems like the worst place for a picnic with your daughter.

[@advitiya259]

Best military quote I have heard in a while

[@ramtin5152]

I totally agree He didn't learn from his privious defeats but his successors did The Hephthalites were stopped and defeated by an Iranian noble called Sukhra of the house of Karen but since most of the Sassanid army was lost during those 3 battles, they weren't able to take back the lost territories Surkhab quickly installed Peroz brother, Balash, on the Sassanid throne, regrouped the rest of the Sassanid army and marched against the Hephthalite king, Khushnavaz When he reached Gorgan, Khushnavaz was informed of Surkhab's plan of attacking him, he prepared his men for battle and sent a message to Surkhab, asking him his name, official position and intentions Surkhab shortly sent a message back, informing him of his name and position Khushnavaz thereafter sent another message, warning him of doing the same mistake as Peroz I However, he wasn't discouraged by Khushnavaz words and even raided Hephthalite territories, met Hephthalite king's army in battle and inflicted a heavy defeat on him This made Khushnavaz sue for peace which Surkhab would only accept if the Hephthalites would give him everything that had been seized from Peroz camp including all his wealth, royal treasury, his chief priest and Peroz's daughter, Perozdukht His demands were accepted and peace was made He then returned to Ctesiphon, where he was received with great honor by nobles and people like a hero In 503, Kavad I countered and repelled a Hephthalite attack and in 508, a Sasanian campaign under Kavad I, led to the conquest of the Zundaber (Zumdaber) Castellum, associated with the temple of az Zunin in the area of ad Dawar, situated between Bust and Kandahar Based on the Sassanid coin found in Merv, it's indicated that the Sassanids under Kavad I defeated the Hephthalites and reconquered the great Khorasan Khosrow Anushiravan, allied with the Gokturks, and conquered the southern half of the Hephthalite empire while the Gokturks conquered the northern half The Hephthalite king, Ghadfar, and what was left of his men, took refuge in the Sassanid empire under Khosrow Anushiravan Gokturks sent a delegate with gifts to strengthen the alliance They made a treaty and sent, Faghanish, the Hephthalite who was supposed to be their own puppet king to Ctesiphon to be approved by Khosrow who made Faghanish and his kingdom into his own vassal instead In 562, Khosrow defeated the Hephthalites AGAIN and also stopped the threat of Turks Sinjibu attacked the Sassanid borders but in the end, gave his daughter's hand in marriage to Khosrow Anushiravan which wouldn't have been possible without a Sassanid counter attack and victory

[@baltulielkungsgunarsmiezis9714]

This is what happens when kings dont value good breeding and will marry their own relatives for political manuvering 15 point IQ drop rendering the king dumer than an average subject of his.

[@DustinBarlow8P]

His nobility where some of the kindest in history. Most Empires the nobility would string the King up after such an embarrasing defeat. In China and Japan, the General that took part in such a defeat was expected to kill themselves. I am surprised that third army followed him and didn't mutiny.

[@matthewneuendorf5763]

A note about the mace illustrations: they look like flails rather than maces. As I understand the maces of Late Antiquity, you'd see a short or mid-sized wooden haft with a copper (or copper alloy) or iron head. They might well be morning-star heads (spiked balls), but they might also be onion-shaped, spiraled, or flanged.

[@thestinkydwarf]

I was looking for this comment about the mace graphic - thanks for sparing the comments section a less articulate rant from myself 😊

[@baltulielkungsgunarsmiezis9714]

This is what happens when ilustrations are done by people who dont study history, I also instantly jumped seeing a flail.

[@theacolyte9223]

maybe this was an implement of ferocious battle of the downriver amazonian variety, nahmean?

[@cp1cupcake]

It wasn't the only thing which I thought was not caught in editing. Some of the animations got cut early.

[@Zoanodar]

Same for the composite bow picture.

[@benimtelefoncaliyor1dk]

The Byzantine authors, who partially describe the military and diplomatic situation of their great enemy, the empire of the Sassanids in Iran, enable us to date the arrival of the Huns in Central Asia to the neighborhood of 350. In fact, it is at this time that Ammianus Marcellinus mentions, for the first time in his narrative, the eastern enemies of the Persians, the Chionites. The addition of the letter "i" which transforms "Huns" to "Chions" is very probably tied to the assimilation of the Huns to the Chions found in the Iranian sacred book, the Avesta, in the same way that in the West the name of the Tatars of the Mongolian period was transformed into "Tartars" by assimilation to the river of the Underworld from which they seemed to have come. The identity of the Huns and the Chionites is confirmed by the parallel lists of invading peoples found in India and Iran: where the Indians wrote "White Huns" and "Red Huns," the Persians transcribed the words as "White Chions" and "Red Chions."4

[@mojewjewjew4420]

Roman not byzantine propagandist Fk

[@Techtalk2030]

The Hephthalites (Bactrian: ηβοδαλο, romanized: Ebodalo),[11] sometimes called the White Huns (also known as the White Hunas, in Iranian as the Spet Xyon and in Sanskrit as the Sveta-huna),[12][13] were a people who lived in Central Asia during the 5th to 8th centuries CE, part of the larger group of the Iranian Huns.[14][15] They formed an empire, the Imperial Hephthalites, and were militarily important from 450 CE, when they defeated the Kidarites, to 560 CE, when combined forces from the First Turkic Khaganate and the Sasanian Empire defeated them.[1][16]

[@Techtalk2030]

@@mojewjewjew4420they are torkish spammers

[@artinrahideh1229]

There aren't any Chions in Avesta though( are there?)

[@plus__]

Hell yeah new historical content just dropped, babe wake up

[@mkatakm]

You people make great historical documentaries, thank you all.

[@TOKMAKCI_BASPAPAZ]

be of interest that according to Theophanes of Byzantium, who calls Aqshunvar by the name Ephthalantos, it was from this sovereign that the Ephtalites got their name.

[@mojewjewjew4420]

Roman not byzantine 🤡

[@Techtalk2030]

The Hephthalites (Bactrian: ηβοδαλο, romanized: Ebodalo),[11] sometimes called the White Huns (also known as the White Hunas, in Iranian as the Spet Xyon and in Sanskrit as the Sveta-huna),[12][13] were a people who lived in Central Asia during the 5th to 8th centuries CE, part of the larger group of the Iranian Huns.[14][15] They formed an empire, the Imperial Hephthalites, and were militarily important from 450 CE, when they defeated the Kidarites, to 560 CE, when combined forces from the First Turkic Khaganate and the Sasanian Empire defeated them.[1][16]

[@bohohohohoyt]

What does seem certain is that both the White Huns and the European Huns traced their political origins to the Xiongnu Huns. Our Chinese sources for instance confirm that the White Hunnic conquerors of Central Asia were originally Xiongnu. The Wei Shu notes specifically that the 5th century rulers of Sogdia, 108 i.e. the White Huns, are Xiongnu (102.2270) and the same source calls the country ruled by the White Huns wen-na- sha (pronounced Huna sha in Early Middle Chinese, i.e. King of the Huns). 109 Archaeological evidence also supports the Xiongnu-Central Asian Huns connection. A Hunnic-Xiongnu type cauldron was found near the Amu Darya valley in the Khiva area (northwestern Uzbekistan) and two Hunnic funerary cauldrons made of clay were discovered in the delta of the Syr Darya River, which point to the preservation of Xiongnu political and cultural identity among the White Huns. Related artefacts have also been found in areas under the control of the European Huns as well, which leads us to the tentative conclusion that politically and culturally both the European and Central Asian Huns were Xiongnu in origin. 110

[@alexandronichols8239]

Wow! This was a reverting story! I've watched dozens and dozens of war videos and this is the first I've seen where a pit was used ro wipe out almost an entire army! Brilliant!

[@jpmuaddib5758]

HistoryMarche never disappoints. Makes my day everyday

[@amirloader]

Thank you for putting this video for free It's is worth noting how a leader can change the fate of his people, with death of kushnawar his people fell, the same people wich crippled the mighty iranian super power,no more could stand a chance, in other side with ascendant of khosrow anushirvan, the same people wich suffered failure, wiped out the hephthalite There are many of these examples through history

[@beno1129]

It also shows a negative side of having a dictator/absolute ruler in charge. Once that ruler dies, the system can collapse since it's built around that single person.

[@amirloader]

​@@beno1129 you right in some ways, after each golden age in antiquity in both iran and rome, wich was usually with death of the monarch, the state would shake for a while, for example after khosrow anushirvan for a long time the empire was at stake, the same goes for rome, when justinan died the rome crumbled, many consider justinan golden age the reason arabs were able to defeat rome However the antiquity super powers constitution wasn't that simple, for example in iran there was some parliament of nobles, named *mahestan*wich had to confirm the king, and had the power to depose and choose a new king, so there more than only one man at top and nobles had a huge influence, that was good to control the power of the monarch, whoever many times causes instability in the empire like the last years of the sassanids, in 5 years, 11 king set on the throne by the power of the mahestan, wich caused instability and eventually fall of the empire Overall the old monarchies can not be compared to the modern dictatorships

[@DrKarmo]

Thank you guys for this video! Theres not enough videos on persian history around and this is awesome

[@JugglingAddict]

Have you heard of/seen the anime/manga of Arslan? It depicts this battle as a part of the start of the series.

[@DrKarmo]

@@JugglingAddict thank you for the recommendation I'll take a look at it

[@DragovianMythiX]

Kushnawar, you were a genius. I won't forget your name.

[@ramtin5152]

The Hephthalites were stopped and defeated by an Iranian noble called Sukhra of the house of Karen but since most of the Sassanid army was lost during those 3 battles, they weren't able to take back the lost territories Surkhab quickly installed Peroz brother, Balash, on the Sassanid throne, regrouped the rest of the Sassanid army and marched against the Hephthalite king, Khushnavaz When he reached Gorgan, Khushnavaz was informed of Surkhab's plan of attacking him, he prepared his men for battle and sent a message to Surkhab, asking him his name, official position and intentions Surkhab shortly sent a message back, informing him of his name and position Khushnavaz thereafter sent another message, warning him of doing the same mistake as Peroz I However, he wasn't discouraged by Khushnavaz words and even raided Hephthalite territories, met Hephthalite king's army in battle and inflicted a heavy defeat on him This made Khushnavaz sue for peace which Surkhab would only accept if the Hephthalites would give him everything that had been seized from Peroz camp including all his wealth, royal treasury, his chief priest and Peroz's daughter, Perozdukht His demands were accepted and peace was made He then returned to Ctesiphon, where he was received with great honor by nobles and people like a hero In 503, Kavad I countered and repelled a Hephthalite attack and in 508, a Sasanian campaign under Kavad I, led to the conquest of the Zundaber (Zumdaber) Castellum, associated with the temple of az Zunin in the area of ad Dawar, situated between Bust and Kandahar Based on the Sassanid coin found in Merv, it's indicated that the Sassanids under Kavad I defeated the Hephthalites and reconquered the great Khorasan Khosrow Anushiravan, allied with the Gokturks, and conquered the southern half of the Hephthalite empire while the Gokturks conquered the northern half The Hephthalite king, Ghadfar, and what was left of his men, took refuge in the Sassanid empire under Khosrow Anushiravan Gokturks sent a delegate with gifts to strengthen the alliance They made a treaty and sent, Faghanish, the Hephthalite who was supposed to be their own puppet king to Ctesiphon to be approved by Khosrow who made Faghanish and his kingdom into his own vassal instead In 562, Khosrow defeated the Hephthalites AGAIN and also stopped the threat of Turks Sinjibu attacked the Sassanid borders but in the end, gave his daughter's hand in marriage to Khosrow Anushiravan which wouldn't have been possible without a Sassanid counter attack and victory

[@ARTART-d2d]

Wow, this episode is absolutely magnificent! The level of detail and storytelling is incredible. Thank you for making history come alive!😆

[@CufCufImam]

As Hephthalites were Turkic tribes, the Arab historians in their accounts named South of Afghanistan and central Balochistan as Turan (the land of Turks). The imprints of Hephthalites can be found in many names of places in the region which have their definite origin from the Turkish language

[@AmirSatt]

and later persians started identifying the entire central Asia as Turan

[@Arima.p]

Since you are Turks, you also consider God as Turks😂

[@awonasinasong8666]

Hephthalites are Turkic, but Turan does not mean the country of Turks

[@amirloader]

😂😂😂The term turan is an Iranian term to refer to turks in Iranian mythic and stories It's funny how pan turks use it for their propaganda

[@fatihbaskaya5806]

​@@Arima.pThey were initially a Turkic people but many of them were assimilated gradually. They had a Khan named Toramana or Toraman which is clearly a Turkic name.

[@AltaicGigachad]

The link established by the original Weishu between the Hephtalites and the Gaoju may mean that the Hephtalites were a Turkish tribe and , more precisely , an Oghuric one , as the Gaoju are regarded as inheritors of the old Tiele confederation supposed to be the origin of the various Oghuric tribes . DE LA VAISSIÈRE, ÉTIENNE. “Is There a ‘Nationality of the Hephtalites’?” Bulletin of the Asia Institute, vol. 17, 2003, pp. 119-32.

[@jahinsadman1505]

bro just say every successfull ruler in history is turkic, in every fakinng video always a turk claiming the ones mentioned having success as TURKICYEEEE

[@furkancimen3145]

​@@jahinsadman1505 helphalit is italian? Native american? Lol. Helphalit is Turk/mongol or iranic

[@ayhanfedai5013]

​​@@jahinsadman1505he gave his source so theese werent his claims he quoted from a non Turkish source, dont know whats your problem with Turks but racism and Hatred bad for your own heath health

[@mehmetfatihcetin5932]

​​@@jahinsadman1505white huns and european huns have unknown origins but given their names anc where they come from they were probably oghur turkic people however we know that they were also confedaration of many people too. Today oghur turkic people went extinct only ones who still speak that language is christian chuvash people.

[@ahmedmanzar4575]

@@furkancimen3145 hepthalites are indo-iranic peoples

[@Frank-ru5im]

We're back! gonna enjoy this one. 👍

[@KHK001]

An amazing video as always HM!

[@HistoryMarche]

Glad you enjoyed!

[@Yajna007]

Your narration is so magnificent, I decided to watch the video for a second time

[@HistoryMarche]

Wow, thanks!

[@treverblanco]

Thank you for your work.

[@hoomandario3847]

Thank you for covering Sassanid history. I I look forwards to more awesome videos from you.😊

[@TheHilltopPillbox]

I guess the third time wasn't the charm. How many times have we seen emotions cause the destruction of entire armies? Great video!

[@mohammedsaysrashid3587]

It was an informative and wonderful historical coverage episode about Haphthalites - Sassanids relationship ( wars, peace agreement, tribulations) at 458-459 AD ...thank you 🙏 ( history Marche) channel for sharing this magnificent episode

[@danielsantiagourtado3430]

Thank you very much! This made my day😊😊😊😊😊❤❤❤❤

[@gandaberunda6267]

It's a request to continue this series till the battle of Gol Zarriun. Great work.

[@vitorpereira9515]

The Huns also caused trouble in India. The Gupta Empire was almost destroyed by them.

[@QueenBattle-zb7nz]

No governor of Gupta Empire defeated heptalites

[@INDIAN_HISTORY0976]

But guptas under Narsimhagupta Baladitya defeated them and captured the huna ruler Mihirkula

[@DragovianMythiX]

@@INDIAN_HISTORY0976 But then the indians were captured by the Mughals and the British.

[@theycallmewarlord6003]

@@DragovianMythiX are you guys stupid or what ?? Indian history isn't just mughal mughal and british british , same way almost entiire central asians turks made slaves of Russian Empire

[@INDIAN_HISTORY0976]

@@DragovianMythiX lol and Central Asians turks got raped by Russian empire

[@ElacTeubusht]

Greetings and love everybody and thanks for this informations from Chuvasia,descends of Huns.

[@TuwuAshina60]

We Turks have always made them cry.d

[@AltaicGigachad]

Rezakhani, Khodadad (2017). ReOrienting the Sasanians: East Iran in Late Antiquity. Edinburgh University Press. p. 135. The suggestion that the Hephthalites were originally of Turkic origin and only later adopted Bactrian as their administrative, and possibly native, language (de la Vaissière 2007: 122) seems to be most prominent at present. Meanwhile, regarding the origin of the Hephthalites, the recent most dominant opinion holds that they were Turks. Lang, T., n.d. Artifact, text, context. p.196. More recently, it has been argued on the basis of Chinese sources that the Hephthalites were of Turkic origins and later adopted the Bactrian language after settling in Ṭukhāristān. Haug, R., n.d. The eastern frontier.

[@bubuluwithagoldendudul9709]

Turk didn’t exist then

[@TerrorbelliDecuspacis-w5f]

@@bubuluwithagoldendudul9709 Go to Edinburg University, and tell your story to them🤣Look, it's they, who published this lol

[@Sonofsasan]

They weren't turks they were HUNS stop claiming everything

[@Grubmates]

Jesus was turk as well 😂

[@mr.a6207]

​@@GrubmatesDude your jahalat is leading me to a deadly diarrhea😂 the Turkic history didn't started yesterday and it was not chained to a specific geography, Turkic history reached to France (European Huns) from Manchuria (gokturks and Xiongnu) of northeastern china and to Morocco (ottomans) from far east India (Mughals and Delhi sultanate) . You can simply search " Territories controlled by Turkic empires and dynasties in the past "

[@wojtek1582]

Great story. Hail to you for bringing that barely known campaigns!!

[@nenenindonu]

Persia had now again been reduced to the status of a vassal state to the Huns. Peroz, however, had still ... These triumphs over the Sassanians made the name of the Hephthalite Huns a terror to the Persians and other Iranian peoples. Kim, H. (2013). The Huns, Rome and the Birth of Europe. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. P.54

[@AltaicGigachad]

Gigachad turkic warrior ☝️

[@nenenindonu]

​@@AltaicGigachadOghuric steppe lords, the scariest beings to mankind

[@AltaicGigachad]

@@nenenindonu yeah reminders me of Oghuric Lenin 🌝

[@nenenindonu]

​@@AltaicGigachadChuvash chad Lenin was the last titan of Oghurs, he's up there with the likes of Krum, Attila, Bayan,... the Oghuric engineering race ultimately completed it's mission by establishing the Eurasian Soviet war machine that saved humanity from evil supremacist ideologies

[@AltaicGigachad]

@@nenenindonu It sound like God sent oghurics to mankind 🙃

[@blaskon1035]

it was just so nice. thanks for the vid

[@abhishekbg0610]

We need more Parthian and Sassanid battles.

[@RostamBahadur]

Thank you for unveiling the hidden history of Afghanistan. I'm thrilled that you made this documentary.

[@CufCufImam]

Syriac sources, e. g., the Chronicle of Seert, designate the Eph- talites as `Turks'. Thus, the Ephtalites, besides being called Huns, a name generally giyen to Turkish peoples, were also called Turks not only by the Moslem, or the Islamic sources, but also by some Syriac authors. Frye p. 205.

[@Arima.p]

Yes and god is Turk

[@theheroickhan]

@Arima.p Cry little kid, just accept that the Hephthalites are Turkic.

[@TimurKhan-dn5vx]

@@Arima.p STOP TALKİNG NOW ATTİLA İS TURK HUN NİCKNAME WHİP OF GOD TO ENEMİES.

[@Sonofsasan]

Huns are different than turks

[@Sonofsasan]

And aliens are turk 🦃

[@SilverEye168]

Thank you so much for covering this!!!

[@silditto]

Its been a long time since I checked this channel, there are so many new videos to binge :D

[@nenenindonu]

Central Asians dominated Iran quite often you had Kanishka's Kushans & White Huns annihilating Parthians & Sassanids respectively, Seljuks dismembering Buyids,.. they ruled the region for the entire past millennium

[@ermia4886]

Acting as if Shapur didn’t dismantle the Kushans. Shapur II subjugating the Kushans. Khosrow destroyed the Hephtalites

[@nenenindonu]

​​@@ermia4886Central Asians still won in the long run from the Seljuks of the 11th to the Qajars in the 20th century CE every ruling dynasty of Iran other than the Zands were of Central Asian (either Turkic or Mongol) stock

[@ermia4886]

@@nenenindonu Safavid were not central Asian. Neither were Mozzafarids,Ghurids,Kartids Central Asian. I understand Iran suffered from Turco Mongol invasions but Iran also often triumphed for example Safavid battle of mercy against Uzbeks

[@nenenindonu]

​@@ermia4886Ghurids were literally Central Asian to the bone, Safavids a mystery meat, also Kartids and Muzaffarids didn't rule all of Iran the latter being ethnically Arab

[@ermia4886]

​@@nenenindonuI dont consider Afghans as Central Asians.

[@DawidJankiewicz]

Your videos are awsome! Thank you for your work!

[@michaelsurratt1864]

Wow, I’m a huge fan of history it’s rare that I come upon something that I know absolutely nothing about great video. 👍

[@HistoryMarche]

I hope you'll like the video. Thanks for watching.

[@TriscuitSnacks]

"It's rare I come upon something I know absolutely nothing about" Your ego needs a reality check.

[@michaelsurratt1864]

@@TriscuitSnacks good lord I didn’t say it’s rare I find something that I don’t know everything about. 🤓🤓🤓

[@TriscuitSnacks]

​@@michaelsurratt1864 why do you edit all your comments?

[@michaelsurratt1864]

@@TriscuitSnacks if you ever used voice to text you'll know why

[@coyote4237]

Thank you. Always worth my time to watch and learn from your content.

[@Hari-pi2tx]

One of the best Video😊

[@nartali9683]

This man should be the most underrated general in history

[@abrahamcayasdiaz1072]

This made my day

[@thestach7729]

please do a follow up with Peroz's grandson Anushirvan

[@ramtin5152]

Will you guys make a video about the first Parni king of Parthia Arashk I/Arsaces I ? He used similar nomadic tactics during the Seleucid Parthian wars, lured the Seleucid king, Seleucus II Callinicus, into central Asia, defeated his army and most probably captured him in battle

[@Anonymous-rj2lk]

Kushnnawar's victory is not even a decisive victory, it is a PURE victory.

[@ramtin5152]

The Hephthalites were stopped and defeated by an Iranian noble called Sukhra of the house of Karen but since most of the Sassanid army was lost during those 3 battles, they weren't able to take back the lost territories Surkhab quickly installed Peroz brother, Balash, on the Sassanid throne, regrouped the rest of the Sassanid army and marched against the Hephthalite king, Khushnavaz When he reached Gorgan, Khushnavaz was informed of Surkhab's plan of attacking him, he prepared his men for battle and sent a message to Surkhab, asking him his name, official position and intentions Surkhab shortly sent a message back, informing him of his name and position Khushnavaz thereafter sent another message, warning him of doing the same mistake as Peroz I However, he wasn't discouraged by Khushnavaz words and even raided Hephthalite territories, met Hephthalite king's army in battle and inflicted a heavy defeat on him This made Khushnavaz sue for peace which Surkhab would only accept if the Hephthalites would give him everything that had been seized from Peroz camp including all his wealth, royal treasury, his chief priest and Peroz's daughter, Perozdukht His demands were accepted and peace was made He then returned to Ctesiphon, where he was received with great honor by nobles and people like a hero In 503, Kavad I countered and repelled a Hephthalite attack and in 508, a Sasanian campaign under Kavad I, led to the conquest of the Zundaber (Zumdaber) Castellum, associated with the temple of az Zunin in the area of ad Dawar, situated between Bust and Kandahar Based on the Sassanid coin found in Merv, it's indicated that the Sassanids under Kavad I defeated the Hephthalites and reconquered the great Khorasan Khosrow Anushiravan, allied with the Gokturks, and conquered the southern half of the Hephthalite empire while the Gokturks conquered the northern half The Hephthalite king, Ghadfar, and what was left of his men, took refuge in the Sassanid empire under Khosrow Anushiravan Gokturks sent a delegate with gifts to strengthen the alliance They made a treaty and sent, Faghanish, the Hephthalite who was supposed to be their own puppet king to Ctesiphon to be approved by Khosrow who made Faghanish and his kingdom into his own vassal instead In 562, Khosrow defeated the Hephthalites AGAIN and also stopped the threat of Turks Sinjibu attacked the Sassanid borders but in the end, gave his daughter's hand in marriage to Khosrow Anushiravan which wouldn't have been possible without a Sassanid counter attack and victory

[@emsa7esm203]

@@ramtin5152 Propaganda

[@ramtin5152]

@@emsa7esm203 Turks call it propaganda, the rest of the world calls it history

[@emsa7esm203]

@@ramtin5152 Rest of the world calls it propaganda, Persians call it history.

[@ramtin5152]

@@emsa7esm203 Then why everything I wrote in my comment was said in the end of the video ? XD

[@rextucker3184]

It was like Aesop's Fables with morals to the story that just kept popping up and adding spice to the battles. And that is a good job by you.

[@bigsarge2085]

Learned something new!

[@mihrimahsultana1263]

great story thank you so much for introducing me to him, I never heard of him.

[@JohnSmith-tm5sh]

Just read about this in Tom Hollands book about this period, awesome vid

[@jozzieokes3422]

Nice man. Which one is that?

[@phelipetinoco9986]

Seu canal foi um achado magnífico para saciar minha curiosidade histórica. Parabéns.

[@rashid527]

The ironic thing here is that “Peruz” means victorious 😂

[@steveclark5357]

history is never ending for learning ,so much history

[@sajidsayyad3323]

A great video 📸😊

[@SpiderAUT88]

That was really interesting. Thank you for this video! I must say Kushnawar must have been a extremly charismatic and military gifted leader. Defeating your enemy 3 times with nearly no fighting at all.

[@metinabay6884]

Outstanding content!

[@josephmendez6297]

Thanks!

[@HistoryMarche]

Thank you so much for supporting my work! Very kind of you.

[@alaypatel6050]

Persia’s cannae. Great video !!!

[@backpressure123]

Can you cover battle of Qatwan Seljuk Turk vs Khitan. Tang vs Gokturk wars and Han vs Xiongnu wars would be nice too for they are not as well known.

[@ramtin5152]

The Hephthalites were stopped and defeated by an Iranian noble called Sukhra of the house of Karen but since most of the Sassanid army was lost during those 3 battles, they weren't able to take back the lost territories Surkhab quickly installed Peroz brother, Balash, on the Sassanid throne, regrouped the rest of the Sassanid army and marched against the Hephthalite king, Khushnavaz When he reached Gorgan, Khushnavaz was informed of Surkhab's plan of attacking him, he prepared his men for battle and sent a message to Surkhab, asking him his name, official position and intentions Surkhab shortly sent a message back, informing him of his name and position Khushnavaz thereafter sent another message, warning him of doing the same mistake as Peroz I However, he wasn't discouraged by Khushnavaz words and even raided Hephthalite territories, met Hephthalite king's army in battle and inflicted a heavy defeat on him This made Khushnavaz sue for peace which Surkhab would only accept if the Hephthalites would give him everything that had been seized from Peroz camp including all his wealth, royal treasury, his chief priest and Peroz's daughter, Perozdukht His demands were accepted and peace was made He then returned to Ctesiphon, where he was received with great honor by nobles and people like a hero In 503, Kavad I countered and repelled a Hephthalite attack and in 508, a Sasanian campaign under Kavad I, led to the conquest of the Zundaber (Zumdaber) Castellum, associated with the temple of az Zunin in the area of ad Dawar, situated between Bust and Kandahar Based on the Sassanid coin found in Merv, it's indicated that the Sassanids under Kavad I defeated the Hephthalites and reconquered the great Khorasan Khosrow Anushiravan, allied with the Gokturks, and conquered the southern half of the Hephthalite empire while the Gokturks conquered the northern half The Hephthalite king, Ghadfar, and what was left of his men, took refuge in the Sassanid empire under Khosrow Anushiravan Gokturks sent a delegate with gifts to strengthen the alliance They made a treaty and sent, Faghanish, the Hephthalite who was supposed to be their own puppet king to Ctesiphon to be approved by Khosrow who made Faghanish and his kingdom into his own vassal instead In 562, Khosrow defeated the Hephthalites AGAIN and also stopped the threat of Turks Sinjibu attacked the Sassanid borders but in the end, gave his daughter's hand in marriage to Khosrow Anushiravan which wouldn't have been possible without a Sassanid counter attack and victory

[@conradnelson5283]

Great video. Did not really know anything about this.

[@SibilChalipa]

90 percent of historical documentaries are about victories of great empires such as romans or sassanids or British empire, seeing content about their defeats is also nice and make you think.

[@عليياسر-ف4ن9ك]

Any defeat, I only see tribes, we will all die because of the stupid racism of the Persians

[@yanndubois2731]

I didn't know about this guy Kushnawar. He was impressive. Thanks for the video (and lesson).

[@AmirSatt]

My God, Kushnawar literally owned Peroz, installing him on the throne, humiliating him three times, and then marrying his daughter, lmao. What a shame that after such great men like Kushnawar found a great Empire, their descendents lead it to decline and imminent fall, because of the descendants' decadence in a life of comfort

[@prs_81]

Less about comfort with these steppe empires and more about the relative ineptitude of their leaders succeeding the one great ruler they had previously. It results in their already naturally fragile state to give way and fracture into the multifarious peoples they were all this time. The same happened with Attila and the western Huns.

[@shaqhashi6114]

Khusnavaz lost to sukhra and then surrendered everything he had gained Peroz was just incompetent

[@Techtalk2030]

Kushnawar lost to the Persians later on. Peroz was just a bad leader

[@Techtalk2030]

@@AmirSatt The Hephthalites (Bactrian: ηβοδαλο, romanized: Ebodalo),[11] sometimes called the White Huns (also known as the White Hunas, in Iranian as the Spet Xyon and in Sanskrit as the Sveta-huna),[12][13] were a people who lived in Central Asia during the 5th to 8th centuries CE, part of the larger group of the Iranian Huns.[14][15] They formed an empire, the Imperial Hephthalites, and were militarily important from 450 CE, when they defeated the Kidarites, to 560 CE, when combined forces from the First Turkic Khaganate and the Sasanian Empire defeated them.[1][16]

[@ramtin5152]

@@AmirSatt The Hephthalites were stopped and defeated by an Iranian noble called Sukhra/Surkhab of the house of Karen but since most of the Sassanid army was lost during those 3 battles, they weren't able to take back the lost territories Surkhab quickly installed Peroz brother, Balash, on the Sassanid throne, regrouped the rest of the Sassanid army and marched against the Hephthalite king, Khushnavaz When he reached Gorgan, Khushnavaz was informed of Surkhab's plan of attacking him, he prepared his men for battle and sent a message to Surkhab, asking him his name, official position and intentions Surkhab shortly sent a message back, informing him of his name and position Khushnavaz thereafter sent another message, warning him of doing the same mistake as Peroz I However, he wasn't discouraged by Khushnavaz words and even raided Hephthalite territories, met Hephthalite king's army in battle and inflicted a heavy defeat on him This made Khushnavaz sue for peace which Surkhab would only accept if the Hephthalites would give him everything that had been seized from Peroz camp including all his wealth, royal treasury, his chief priest and Peroz's daughter, Perozdukht His demands were accepted and peace was made He then returned to Ctesiphon, where he was received with great honor by nobles and people like a hero

[@TheDragonqueenistheslaye-zz5dp]

Great video about a very rarely disscussed topic such as the relations of Persia and her eastern neigbours. The hephtalites, Kushan empire, Indo-sakas - all very interesting and unfortunately very few sourses. And not even to mentioned the numeous city-states. Thanke you!

[@danielsantiagourtado3430]

Suggestion: James the conqueror and the conquest of valencia and majorca😊😊😊

[@VladTovbinMusic]

Amazing content thank you

[@he4620]

Next video for Bahram Chubin vs Gukturks

[@olivernell3230]

Great job guys!!!

[@mabeSc]

You would think that Peroz, the third time, would at least be careful or not follow the enemies in their own territory... Man the Sassanians are respectable as a Romaboo but, despite less civil wars, when they started something they really did damage (many times more to themselves).

[@ramtin5152]

The Sassanid king, Peroz I, was defeated 3 times and killed in the end and most of eastern Sassanid provinces were conquered by Hephthalites However, the Hephthalites were stopped and defeated by an Iranian noble called Sukhra of the house of Karen but since most of the Sassanid army was lost during those 3 battles, they weren't able to take back the lost territories Surkhab quickly installed Peroz brother, Balash, on the Sassanid throne, regrouped the rest of the Sassanid army and marched against the Hephthalite king, Khushnavaz When he reached Gorgan, Khushnavaz was informed of Surkhab's plan of attacking him, he prepared his men for battle and sent a message to Surkhab, asking him his name, official position and intentions Surkhab shortly sent a message back, informing him of his name and position Khushnavaz thereafter sent another message, warning him of doing the same mistake as Peroz I However, he wasn't discouraged by Khushnavaz words and even raided Hephthalite territories, met Hephthalite king's army in battle and inflicted a heavy defeat on him This made Khushnavaz sue for peace which Surkhab would only accept if the Hephthalites would give him everything that had been seized from Peroz camp including all his wealth, royal treasury, his chief priest and Peroz's daughter, Perozdukht His demands were accepted and peace was made He then returned to Ctesiphon, where he was received with great honor by nobles and people like a hero

[@ramtin5152]

In 503, Kavad I, son of Peroz I, countered and repelled a Hephthalite attack and in 508, a Sasanian campaign under Kavad I, led to the conquest of the Zundaber (Zumdaber) Castellum, associated with the temple of az Zunin in the area of ad Dawar, situated between Bust and Kandahar Based on the Sassanid coin found in Merv, it's indicated that the Sassanids under Kavad I defeated the Hephthalites and reconquered the great Khorasan Khosrow Anushiravan, allied with the Gokturks, and conquered the southern half of the Hephthalite empire while the Gokturks conquered the northern half The Hephthalite king, Ghadfar, and what was left of his men, took refuge in the Sassanid empire under Khosrow Anushiravan Gokturks sent a delegate with gifts to strengthen the alliance They made a treaty and sent, Faghanish, the Hephthalite who was supposed to be their own puppet king to Ctesiphon to be approved by Khosrow who made Faghanish and his kingdom into his own vassal instead In 562, Khosrow defeated the Hephthalites AGAIN and also stopped the threat of Turks Sinjibu attacked the Sassanid borders but in the end, gave his daughter's hand in marriage to Khosrow Anushiravan which wouldn't have been possible without a Sassanid counter attack and victory

[@mabeSc]

@@ramtin5152 A lot of what you said was covered in the video - especially Khosraw beating up the Hephthalites with the Gokturks. But come on, not even Rome at its weakest was humiliated so bad by the Huns.

[@ramtin5152]

@@mabeSc Rome literally became Attila's golden egg goose and paid tribute to him far more than Peroz did to the white Huns Attila and Bleda who were literally defeated in the Caucasus by the Sassanids in Armenian lands during the reign of Yazdegerd II The European Huns just didn't conquer wealthy lands like white Huns in central Asia did like Bactria and northern Punjab

[@shaqhashi6114]

​@@mabeScrome became a vassal of the huns quite literally the reason it fell and never ended the huns their army was also destroyed and the pope surrendered to Attila 💀

[@jackland3387]

Great video. I never knew about Merv

[@danielm3711]

People here are posting selected references saying that the Heptalites were definitely Turks. Having Asian facial features and speaking East Asian languages doesn't mean Turkic. Otherwise, Huns, Kidarates, Heltalite, Mongols, Chinese and Koreans are all Turks. It's noteworthy that there was a group of people called Turks contemporary to Heptalites who helped destroy them with the help of Sasanians. Moreover, the most important feature of the Heptalites was that they rejected being nomadic and living a steppe life. They settled in the mountains of Afghanistan and picked up civilization and taxation! This is also evident in Kushanwar (Kushan is an Aryan name) and his style of warfare. Avoiding direct engaging his light nomadic troops with heavy armoured Iranian cataphracts instead relying on tactics. Turks actually did invade Sasanian Iran using nomadic army and techniques and got destroyed multiple times with much much smaller army.

[@he4620]

You are logical bro. If leave them alone they will call Koreans were Turks😂

[@oneshotme]

I very much enjoyed your video and I gave it a Thumbs Up

[@ZakkWyldeman]

the Göktürks by crushing the Hephtalite empire eventualy led the Hephtalites migrating to Europe, under the name: Avars

[@ahmedmanzar4575]

different people/ avars are actually caucasians. the avars you mention are actually mongol elites of rouran khagante, defeated by gokturks who were turkic. those mongol avars are called pseudo avars,to differentiate against native avars of caucasia

[@paultyson4389]

Good stuff! Thanks.

[@whoknows-ee5kq]

Hope you cover Battle of Carrhae 53 BC between Roman and Parthian

[@vaasukrishnan8321]

They already did I think.

[@ramtin5152]

@@vaasukrishnan8321 They didn't That was Cannae

[@pigman6420]

Thanks i love your content and this was 1 period i didnt know much about(as in the hephtilites) so thanks

[@aleksandarvil5718]

Khushnawar >>> Atilla The Hunn

[@ANZACJugger0]

Its not a sunday morning without History Marche

[@hamidious]

Wow, this Peroz must be the most incompetent Persian king

[@dotaultimate6607]

Yeah, if he shut his ass to the peace treaty he would've still been alive but he dug his own grave😂

[@Narrator_of_Tarikh07]

​​@@dotaultimate6607Technically, Khushnavaz dug his grave for him...😉

[@dotaultimate6607]

@@Narrator_of_Tarikh07 yeah you're right 😂

[@Sanj1n]

Excellent videos as always 😊

[@kursatoz.9988]

Peroz playing compter game... restart the game same level

[@barryboushehri1707]

Excellent, Detailed & Thrilling.

[@aleksdesouza]

Turkic Emperor Attila

[@abdullahdaniyal114]

The Hephtalites one of my favorite turkic empires.

[@parsarustami774]

tUrKiC lol

[@viraloracle5151]

my favorite "turkic" empire are the Vikings and Japanese.

[@viraloracle5151]

@Alex-ni1cu would you believe me if i tell you im actually a Azeri ?

[@viraloracle5151]

@Alex-ni1cu Не все азербайджанцы говорят по-русски, вы это знаете?

[@viraloracle5151]

​@Alex-ni1cu Армяне - это другая форма тюркского народа,. , are you a tatar ?

[@danielsantiagourtado3430]

You're an Absolute legend! Thanks For this! Hearth please ❤❤❤❤❤❤

[@captainfury497]

Huns threatened China, Persia, India and Rome ie, all the major civilizations at that time. In fact it was the defeat of the Huns by the Chinese after a long and humiliating war that forced them to move west and threaten the others. Such a threat would not emerge until the Mongols several centuries later.

[@captainfury497]

@@decollector95 they were from the same stock proven by genetics now

[@captainfury497]

@@decollector95 But we have genetic evidence from Xiongnu and the European Huns which shows descent. If Huns reached Europe from the East then their cousins in the middle must be the same as well. Secondly, there are clear differences between different steppe groups for example Turkic and Mongolic groups are different. And the Hun-Xiongnu theory is based much more than genetics like linguistics and archaeological evidence. In fact the theory was prosed more than a hundred years ago but genetics merely confirmed it recently.

[@captainfury497]

@@decollector95 People still called them Huns but they seem to have been influenced by Persian and central Asian civilizations a lot. In any case we will know for sure if a remain is genetically tested

[@lukaszwawszczak3108]

Great video as always. Sacrifice has been made.

[@akshatparag2884]

Don't expect historical accuracy when Western people are talking about people who destroyed their empires.😂😂😂 Alexander "Great" but Attila "Barbar" HAHAHAHAHA Western countries hates him because he was Asian. Else they were also called THE GREAT

[@Какой-тоКактус]

Say it to Cirus the Great

[@ae-jo5gc]

Luxemburg hate him because he is Asian? Seens when?

[@ae-jo5gc]

The irish hates him because he is Asian?

[@PSe5462]

​​​​​@@Какой-тоКактус Who are you comparing with Cyrus the great was not only a military ginus but also known for human rights Alex was just a g.ay raider😂

[@solarnovas]

Don''t expect historical accuracy? LOL nobody would know anything about them if "western people" didn't write about them. You think anybody would know who Attila was if the Romans and Greeks didn't write about him? The Huns were illiterate and therefore wrote nothing about themselves. You sound extremely butthurt for some reason.

[@GaryArmstrongmacgh]

Great piece of history!

[@TerrorbelliDecuspacis-w5f]

There was another battle of Merv in 1510, with far greater geopolitical consequences: Uzbeks lost Khurasan to Safavids

[@he4620]

Yes, that is another history where Safavid Persia crushed Turkic-Mongolian Uzbeks

[@TerrorbelliDecuspacis-w5f]

@@he46201) Parsia and your Mongolic turkey ended with Sassanids and Genghis🤣 2) In 1510, it was a new chapter of geopolitical struggle, forget about your nomadic fairy tales. 3) This was internal war among the remnants of Timurid empire 4) Safavids and Uzbek dynasty both accepted higher culture of Timurid empire and claimed for being Timurid successor in art, architecture, poetry, statehood, science

[@he4620]

@@TerrorbelliDecuspacis-w5f Shah Ismaeil called his sons names from Shahnameh and fought with Turks of Uzbeks and Ottomans😂 They called themselves Shah which is a Perisan form of king The facts lies in valid papers and research in google search it and read if you are not blind It is easy to tell bullshets

[@he4620]

@@TerrorbelliDecuspacis-w5f Search battle of Marv 1510 and see Persian-Uzbek wars😂 Shah is a Persian form of king used for Persian Safavids idiat

[@TerrorbelliDecuspacis-w5f]

​@@he4620 1) Ottomans were surely greeks, they all were born from slave greek women. This slave background contradicts to the turkic traditions, so they fail to qualify as turkic. 2) "Shah" as a word, has an indian origin, it was just accepted later by middle eastern people 3) In Old Persian ḵšāyaṯiya was the word for ‘king’ or other monarchs, even this word was not persian, because Persian nomads accepted it from Median.

[@WilliamStreiff]

That was fascinating i didn't know about the Attila of the East, a tactical Mastermind and a real bad ass,, and really kinda of cool for a warlord,one of my new favorite people in ancient military history 😁👍☠️

[@Ümid_TuranTürk_Dövləti]

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