Black Hole Paradox with Neil deGrasse Tyson & Matt O’Dowd - Cosmic Queries

Can we use gravitational lensing to view distant planets? Neil deGrasse Tyson and comedian Chuck Nice explore black holes, quasars, entropy, and more with astrophysicist and host of PBS Space Time, Matt O’Dowd.
We discuss the paradox that literally surrounds black holes. What comes out of the energy field outside a black hole? Could black holes be regions of fixed entropy? We explain Hawking Radiation, the second law of thermodynamics, and how entropy factors into black holes.
What is the rate that time ticks on the objects we are observing? How do we account for time dilation on quasars and supernovae? Learn about the difference between active galactic nuclei and quasars. Can quasars come from any size black holes? Find out why quasars are all located far away from our galaxy.
How would the Big Rip affect black holes? Plus, find out why the Big Rip is most likely not going to happen. How do you use gravitational lensing to observe space? We talk about using gravitational lensing to observe the internal structure of quasars. What would happen if the galaxy stopped rotating? Finally, we discuss how we could use the Sun’s gravitational field to view the surface of planets.
Thanks to our Patrons Kelly Madison, Shaun Moats, Vascked, Irene Campbell, Joseph Brown, and Guillermo Leal for supporting us this week.
NOTE: StarTalk+ Patrons can watch or listen to this entire episode commercial-free.
Get the NEW Cosmic Queries book (5/5 ⭐s on Amazon!): amzn.to/3dYIEQF
Support us on Patreon: / startalkradio
FOLLOW or SUBSCRIBE to StarTalk:
Twitter: / startalkradio
Facebook: / startalk
Instagram: / startalk
About StarTalk:
Science meets pop culture on StarTalk! Astrophysicist & Hayden Planetarium director Neil deGrasse Tyson, his comic co-hosts, guest celebrities & scientists discuss astronomy, physics, and everything else about life in the universe. Keep Looking Up!
#StarTalk #neildegrassetyson
00:00 - Introduction
3:34 - Hawking Radiation & Information Loss
9:50 - Do Black Holes Follow the Second Law of Thermodynamics?
16:13 - What is the Rate That Time Ticks on Objects We are Observing?
19:58 - Can Any Size Black Hole be a Quasar?
30:45 - How Would the Big Rip Impact Black Holes?
36:16 - Using Gravitational Lensing for Observation
42:12 - Planets Larger Than Jupiter
44:07 - What Would Happen if Galaxies Stopped Rotating?
46:16 - Using the Sun’s Gravitational Lensing to View Exoplanets
51:25 - Surprise Findings & Takeaways

[@StarTalk]

Do you think we'll ever be able to recover enough information from Hawking radiation to reconstruct things that fell into black holes, or are they truly lost forever?

[@philmarsh7723]

I need to learn more physics, but my though is that all black holes eventually evaporate and then what happens to the information of the objects which fell into them?

[@North_Lights]

I just freaking hate it when all the physicist, even all scientist use this word "disorder" to describe entropy. It is freaking not., Stop anthropomorphizing nature. It is not disorder or breakdown of order. Entropy is low energy state, which is most stable state. Gosh, I hate when you use the word disorder. It is so dumb. stop using it.

[@North_Lights]

I just couldn't stand it. Stop anthropomorphizing nature. Stop using words ike information, order. Low energy state, high energy state, fundamental forces and fields, how about that? Entrpy is disorder and information is all lost in black holes, what the freak that means? God and humans decided to creat order, but Satan wants disorder, information is binary digit system it get lost in black holes? You are not explaining crap, you are not helping anyone, you are make it dumb and anthropomorphizing it, and truth and facts gets lost, what you get is deepak chopra of dumb audience. Stop, just STOP.

[@PhilHibbs]

Whilst it’s theoretically possible to reconstruct black hole food from hawking radiation, I think the practical answer is “no” just because it’s too difficult. You’d need to gather all that hawking radiation in every direction over millions or billions of years.

[@Theyrewrong827]

Well since the workers at mcdonalds cant even recall the information from my order i made 3 min ago, im not very hopeful about getting it back from a BH.

[@joehebert789]

PBS SpaceTime is an amazing show. I can't recommend it enough.

[@koubenakombi3066]

Lots os CGI... and that's it... any one, smart one, must wonder.

[@ChaineYTXF]

I second that statement

[@ChaineYTXF]

​@@koubenakombi3066 It's not CGI oriented. There discuss difficult topics and delve deep. For the layman, the requirement is at the very least an aspirine tablet.

[@joehebert789]

@@koubenakombi3066 Clearly you don't watch it.

[@StarTalk]

Have to agree, Joe!

[@Will-dt3yg]

We love you Matt O'Dowd! Best show ever!

[@alexcunhapinto]

I wish Matt'd be my teacher, Tyson my father-in-law and Chuck my cousin.

[@joshuagharis9017]

Matt is great, but listen to professor kipping, "Cool Worlds"

[@joshuagharis9017]

You need to get David Kipping on the show

[@wefinishthisnow3883]

Agreed. Best show I've seen yet.

[@smlanka4u]

Hawking tried to support creationism while calling himself and atheist. Hawking's radiation is a wrong concept like created to end the universe to support creationism and reject Big Bounce theory.

[@robomatt101]

PBS Spacetime and StarTalk were the first channels that got me into Astrophysics and Astronomy!

[@StarTalk]

We're so glad to have sparked that curiosity. Keep looking up!

[@rennissmith5403]

Yes PBS Spacetime was one of my favorite shows. It definitely reassured my love for astronomy and astrophysics. But, it was the lectures of Dr Tyson and Dr Hakeem oluseyi along with Brian Greene that brought me back to what I love so much. I thank all of them for each video or lecture I watch because they are filled with so much information and knowledge that makes me feel I can one day accomplish the goals I once had no matter the age.

[@TheAb9211]

The best episode of Star Talk! The best part was when Matt was like, “a point beyond Neptune. I was gonna say Pluto but I saw you were sitting here.” 😂

[@avasta8]

Neil is the policeman at the Pluto checkpoint 🤣

[@StarTalk]

🤣

[@facts9144]

@@koubenakombi3066shush bot

[@stupidmonkey4195]

How cute look give Neil when he hear this😅😅

[@FireCrauter]

47:33

[@ra2186]

Oh snap, StarTalk meets PBS Spacetime. My two favorite channels together.

[@dropshot1967]

I concur.

[@jklappenbach]

YOU GOT YOUR PEANUT BUTTER IN MY CHOCOLATE! AND YOUR CHOCOLATE GOT IN MY PEANUT BUTTER!!! Oh noes.

[@alexcunhapinto]

Fortunately, we exist.

[@SirJamesonSmith]

"One of the most enigmatic of all astronomical phenomena is the mighty quasar" - Matt O' Dowd That is the line that got me hooked

[@Analyst]

Big Marvel fan!?

[@njones420]

I would like to thank Alejandro for his consistently good questions, and for having one of the best voices on the planet. :)

[@reXdownhamOG]

A day without a good dose of Chuck and Neil is a lesser day. Matt is such a super guest!

[@EmpyreanLightASMR]

Neil confusing someone's name for "Dippin' Dots" was so funny to me, it's not that funny a moment but it went by and I was like, "Did I hear that right?" and Chuck didn't even riff on it 😂

[@xXScissorHandsXx]

I'd argue that you're missing a sprinkle of extra goodness from Matt, dude and the team on Spacetime do a great job too 👌

[@kallofkthuluz5922]

Yes

[@VaibhavChimalgi]

This universe owes you Matt O'Dowd. Thank you for all you have done. (from the bottom of our hearts)

[@sapelesteve]

Fantastic show Neil, Matt & Chuck! Good seeing Matt on the show. Have been a fan & viewer of PBS Space Time for quite some time. Hope that you have him back on sooner than later! 👍👍💥💥

[@easwarsankar]

The comedy quotient difference between the 2 shows is striking. Matt and Spacetime are way more serious and scientifically precise as his viewers are more dialed in and engaged to learn whereas Neil and Chuck go more for entertainment and comedic effect as devices for entertaining and engaging viewers to try and attract a wider audience

[@intergalacticangler]

I learn alot, from both sides of the table

[@wilmaroles4375]

Not everyone is ready for Spacetime, some of us are learning while being entertained

[@ginamcdonald7854]

I learn a lot every time I watch Neil and Chuck , as well as when they have guests on the show!!!

[@smlanka4u]

Hawking's radiation is a wrong concept. Hawking tried to support creationism while calling himself an atheist. Black Holes would emit neutrinos and produce gravity.

[@hcmofo13]

And?

[@adenihil]

Thank you Dr Tyson & Chuck… Matt is the real deal. You should invite Sabine [ Hossenfelder ]… Great show!

[@ElbowEddie]

You guys are cracking me up, I haven't laughed this much at youtube for I don't know how long. Came here from the PBS link and you guys won me over very quick - I love it!

[@michaelathens953]

Damn we've got the all stars of astrophysics here. I love PBS space time, that show rarely fails to completely blow my mind.🤯

[@user-es8bm1zs2s]

The explanation of how gravitational lensing can actually "magnify" objects, such as quasars in distant galaxies, was the biggest aha moment for me in this one. That and those lenses on Matt 🤓

[@crowlsyong]

I appreciate that Chuck seems to really try to comprehend the conversation.

[@rjampiolo32]

41.25 Chuck and I react the same when we "connect the dots" and everything suddenly becomes clear lol.

[@shawnlorenzana2359]

You ought to have more KZbin science hosts on. Seeing Matt or other KZbinrs here is like seeing your favorite super heroes all on the big screen. It will boost your views, subs, etc.

[@SamoaVsEverybody814]

Matt O'Dowd is on PBS is so fire! I can only understand what he's talking about at the beginning, but the stuff I do catch consistently changes my entire worldviews! 😂

[@Bob-of-Zoid]

Matt O’Dowd? What a great guest. He often blows my mind with just how weird quantum physics are... PBS Space time is a great show.

[@maolcogi]

The crazy thing to me is if you go outside at night and look at the sky on a clear night, everything you see (besides the Andromeda Galaxy) is stars and other structures in the Milky Way Galaxy. Sure with a telescope you can see more, but it's just fascinating how vast even just our local part of our galaxy seems from our tiny blue ball of a planet.

[@amdredlambda]

Neil and Matt, the best most eloquent scientist of these times. Great episode. Sorry Chuck, you will get your participation diploma, just like all of we will do.

[@earthlinginspace9825]

Mind blown. 2 of my favorite science communicators in 1 episode!

[@Chris-rh9ej]

Love having you guys together. If I’m not watching startalk I am watching PBS space time

[@R0bobb1e]

I love how excited Chuck is to learn!

[@captainsarahbee]

Chuck's reaction to gravitational lensing is exactly how I feel after every episode of PBS Spacetime. What an extra special episode of Star Talk this was for the Spacetime viewers!

[@TheEphemeralMammal]

I feel very much like anti-matter being sucked into a black hole whenever I let the KZbin algorithm take hold of me for hours on end. When I stop I feel like a lot of information went in, but not a whole lot organizationally survived. At least this channel is an exception to that rule. ☺️

[@nrdkraft]

Yay Matt! PBS Space Time and StarTalk, the crossover I needed more than anything else!

[@edwardofgreene]

Now Neil (and/or Chuck) needs to visit PBS Space Time.

[@nrdkraft]

@@edwardofgreene Absolutely!!!!!

[@AnalogX64]

Great episode and loved seeing Matt O'Dowd as a guest. The one part that caught me off guard and was my favourite was “a point beyond Neptune. I was gonna say Pluto, but I saw you were sitting here.”😂😂🤣🤣

[@stephencarlsbad]

I love seeing Neil deliver props to his peers and friends. Very supportive with tons of admirable humility.

[@michael-4k4000]

Imagine if Matt saw an Alien 👽?

[@h.z569]

We need a dedicated cosmic queries episode, with questions only from people named Alejandro, Fernando, and so on... Chuck makes the questions fun 😂

[@kylebowles9820]

So epic to see Neil, Chuck, and Matt on the same screen!

[@majocuellar9363]

My two favorite astrophysicists in one video!!!

[@jamiboothe]

This was quite sweet, and I love seeing Chuck`s face learning something new and eloquently expressing that new understanding.

[@calabrais]

Don't kid yourself Chuck, you're the most valuable person on this show. As much as I love learning about space, if I just read through a textbook with no zest for life I would quickly fall asleep.

[@patrickfichtel9201]

My two favorite KZbin shows in one! Love both Matt and Neil, so great at explaining complex things. Thank you both! ❤

[@fritzelly7309]

Now we just need an episode with both David Kipping & Matt O’Dowd on it and the space/time continuum will implode

[@themollerz]

Please let this happen.

[@thesuncollective1475]

Neil & Matt...Wow this is the power panel. Best episode for a while imo Brill really enjoyed it , I actually managed to follow it too, if I hear the same thing enough times it starts to make sense.

[@simonwatson2399]

The only thing that I get disheartened with about PBS Spacetime is that when I first found it, I binge watched the years I'd missed. Now I have to wait in real-time for the next episode. But every one is worth the wait.

[@das_it_mane]

Awesome convo! It's crazy that I've learned enough about space and physics that this convo seemed simple to me but a lot of that is credit to Matt and Neil themselves

[@garystewart3110]

PBS SpaceTime is an amazing show I often watch. Nice to see you guys all hanging out together. I predict good things.

[@JoshRichardsonisanactor]

You guys are all awesome. Smart people sharing knowledge in an approachable way. Thank you all! Great collab!

[@juliasmith1182]

4:44 Best possible start to an answer. As ideas and theories develop, can't help but admire the dedication to objectivity/scientific integrity.

[@Games-uz2rd]

Pbs space time is the most important channel in KZbin History

[@stephencarlsbad]

Nice, another hour long, in depth discussion!

[@breabeyrouti7834]

So excited to see these two talk!!

[@TheFifthWorld22]

😂

[@ivvy1221]

Here from PBS Spacetime, was told to say hello.

[@imcnagpc2]

This is the best show to watch/listen to when you’re high. The laughs every once in awhile bring you back to reality 😂

[@Jacob-fv6co]

I love the question about using the sun as a telescope. I've been obsessed with that idea since Matt talked about it on Spacetime, I feel like we should be working on that immediately!

[@IKSWF]

That's why I asked it!

[@MacNif]

Great question Great Science Fiction ideas to create

[@brianjakobsen2475]

It would be great, but. If Matts number is right (telescope would have to be one light-week away), thats roughly 1200 AU. Or 30 times farther away from the sun than Pluto. And putting James Webb into a Lagrange point was risky. So here the risk would be, you guessed it, astronomical :D

[@themollerz]

OH WOW Matt O'Dowd is on. I am IN! edit- Great show guys! Absolutely banger hour of knowledge.

[@StarTalk]

So glad you enjoyed it!

[@jakalair]

This was an amazing episode! I love watching a show now that explains things that were barely in textbooks when I was in school. The progress of science is amazing.

[@pdxmusl1510]

I absolutely love pbs spacetime!!! I binge watch during trips.

[@JoeVanGogh]

Great episode!! Love Matt and love PBS space time

[@davidt3956]

Chuck's always a great Greek Chorus, the audience on stage. Fun.

[@skeller61]

As usual, great show and interesting questions! Chuck really channels the Ricardo Montalban doing the Chrysler Cordoba commercial when he does Alejandro’s name. Hilarious!

[@Xnate4101X]

Love to see Matt O'Dowd here, definitely want more of this!

[@andr36k0]

Love both your channels, great work and thank you for simplifying the universe for us :)

[@StarTalk]

Thank you for taking an interest! :)

[@VardenPhoto]

Matt is as awesome as it gets.

[@kubek]

I'm always amazed by those questions. I think you guys are helping someone write a thesis.

[@Pandaemoni]

Sent here by PBS Spacetime for more Matt.

[@PranavShroti]

Matt is amazing 👍

[@IKSWF]

Thank you for answering my question. I didn't know that the focal point for a gravitational solar telescope was 550 AU. That's some major distance to go. Still... seeing a continent in an exoplanet might be worth it.

[@StarTalk]

Thanks for supporting the channel!

[@mikezappulla4092]

I love how chuck ask the questions that many viewers would want to ask.

[@valentinoflores3470]

I said damn at the exact moment Chuck said "damn". 40 min mark. Hearing a detailed way of how astrophysicists reconstruct an image that is being gravitationally lensed, is mind blowing.

[@ZachGatesHere]

Two channels I love collide!

[@ryvyr]

Some of my favourite people all in one place

[@dominicvandermerwe2092]

PBS Space Time & Matt are one of my fav channels. They are like "Sheldon and Amy" Neuroscience, and Physics together in matrimony. ;)

[@MaryAnnNytowl]

2 of my favorite astro-science channels together! Now, to settle in and get comfy. 😊 ❤❤

[@forevrrich]

I just want to see Chuck and Neil.

[@eldiabloramon]

I love his PBS shows on youtube! I learn so much when i watch these videos! ❤

[@TrevorVonRyan]

My two favorite astrophysicists, and Chuck! Love this one.

[@brucepreston3927]

I love watching Matt on PBS Spacetime, but he seemed a bit distracted in this episode, like he had something heavy on his mind...I still loved the show and it's always a great day when you have Matt, Neil, and Chuck on the same episode!

[@AndrewBerube41]

I seen the Aurora for the first time in Maine. That week it was amazing. I got the notification on my phone I packed my camera gear and took off.

[@WarrenLacefield]

Really enjoyed this episode and this interviewee. Thank you all.

[@spectator5709]

Yay here from Spacetime! Love that show! 😊

[@davidjack7418]

Chuck at 41:30 is like me when I'm listening to PBS Spacetime and finally understand it.

[@izzyiq2470]

If there is one person i would get starstruck from (pun not intended) it is Matt o'Dowd. The man is a legend and a fantastic narrator! Also BIG shoutout to Gabe Perez Giz!

[@tiffanyjones3292]

PBS SpaceTime and StarTalk are my two favorite space shows and this is like an epic crossover!!!

[@tehphoebus]

Nice! The colab I've been waiting for!

[@ORGTE]

These three are amazing! I could listen to them all day;facinating!

[@USMC816]

I love Matt. PBS space time is my favorite astrophysics channel!

[@stevescott5390]

I love everything about this show! Keep it up guys!

[@mcmoose64]

I'm impressed that Matt's Aussie accent remains uncorrupted despite living and working in the US for some time now .

[@frankpulmanns6685]

I was at a pub quiz recently where one of the questions was "what do you call a supermassive black hole". And to my astronomy nerd knowledge, there's no other term for that. Then the answer round went "quasar", and I challenged that on the basis that while all quasars are supermassive black holes, the reverse isn't true. Just like all dogs are mammals, but not all mammals are dogs.

[@user-py8mr3be5e]

I love you Matt, it’s always great to learn from you and wonder about the universe, thank you for everything ! 🙌

[@mikepymer4331]

They say you should never meet your heroes. Having your heroes meet each other though is clearly the opposite. Absolutely amazing!

[@eveadams7785]

Loved watching you three gentlemen. Thank you for sharing wisdom with us. Hugs

[@fun1k]

The last Chuck's quip was brilliant :D

[@jennifervosler91]

Really enjoyed this video. Great topics

[@psxisnotps1]

space time is one of the best channels on youtube.

[@theharbinger2573]

Here from SpaceTime - Matt is awesome

[@markrenton5276]

Wow what an interesting discussion, I love these types of videos. Great collab with Matt

[@adayinthelifeofmyself5513]

Please have Matt more often!!! ❤❤❤❤❤

[@thomchristensen990]

Big fan of Matt and PBS SpaceTime. Regarding the Big Rip, what if the black holes are pulling space into them. Could it be that we are observing space being pulled towards the centers of galaxies? That would explain our seeing the universe expanding in every direction.

[@javi8905]

YOOO THIS IS SO COOL! Havent even watched the video yet but im fan girlin over niel and matt sitting down talkin science! Love both these guys and their minds! So cool!

[@SavageDarknessGames]

I just like to point out, that it's not just Quasars that not all parts of the universe see. There's no such thing as "same sky, same stars" because of vantage point, you're not going see the same constellations or items in the universe from the near infinite vantage points. So when we finally travel beyond our nieghbourhood, we will need to carefully track everything so we can map our way home.

[@DobrinWorld]

Thank you very much to all of you, very nice episode!

[@KiingDa3rd]

All jokes aside, you gotta just love Alejandro renoso. I'm glad he keeps coming back with questions

[@maxrupo]

Alejandro Renoso always asks mind-blowing questions! ¡Sigue asì Alejandro!