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Brutal Nazi Torture of Jewish Man & His Revenge - Filip Müller - Sonderkommando Member at Auschwitz. The 2nd of February 1943, Stalingrad, the Soviet Union. The German 6th army, after 5 months of fierce fighting and heavy casualties, having exhausted their ammunition and food, finally capitulates, making it the first of Hitler's field armies to surrender during World War II. The battle for the city proves a decisive psychological turning point, ending a string of German victories in the summer of 1942 and beginning the long retreat westward. The Soviet army remains on the offensive and on the 27th of January 1945 enters Auschwitz, the largest of the extermination centers. It is estimated that a minimum 1.3 million people were deported to Auschwitz between 1940 and 1945 and of these, at least 1.1 million were murdered. However, not all of its prisoners died. Though in the camp the Soviet soldiers find more than 7,000 surviving inmates, who are mostly ill and dying, shortly before the camp’s liberation, the SS authorities decided to evacuate the remaining prisoners from Auschwitz and its subcamps. Around 60,000 inmates, primarily Jews, were forced to march in harsh winter conditions, enduring extreme cold, hunger, and exhaustion. Among them was Filip Müller.
Filip Müller was born on the 3rd of January 1922 in Sereď, then part of Czechoslovakia. Filip was only 17 years old when the Second World War began on the 1st of September 1939. There were two major alliances during World War II: the Axis powers and the Allied powers.
The three principal partners in what was eventually referred to as the Axis alliance were Germany, Italy, and Japan.
In November 1940, Slovakia joined the Axis when its leaders signed the Tripartite Pact. In fulfillment of the requirements of the Axis partnership, Slovakia participated in the invasion of the Soviet Union in June 1941 and declared war on Britain and the United States in December of the same year.
According to a census of the 15th of December 1940, there were 89,000 Jews in Slovakia at the time. In March 1942, the Slovak State signed an agreement with Germany that permitted the deportation of the Slovak Jews. On 25 March 1941, in the first transport from Slovakia, from the northern Slovak town of Poprad 999 Jewish unmarried girls between the ages of 16 and 30 were taken in cattle wagons to Auschwitz concentration camp. Only six of them returned from death captivity.
Slovakia was the first Axis partner to consent to the deportation of its Jewish residents in the framework of the "Final Solution." The term “Final Solution of the Jewish Question” was a euphemism used by Nazi Germany’s leaders which referred to the mass murder of Europe’s Jews. It brought an end to policies aimed at encouraging or forcing Jews to leave the German Reich and other parts of Europe. Those policies were replaced by systematic annihilation.
Between March and October 1942, some 58,000 Slovak Jews were concentrated in indigenously established labor and concentration camps-mainly in the camps Sereď, Nováky, and Vyhne. The Slovak authorities then transported the Jews to the border of the Government General or the German Reich and turned them over to German SS and police. One of the main forces behind the deportation of Slovak Jews to Nazi concentration camps in German occupied Poland was the Slovak Prime Minister Vojtech Tuka. Virtually all the deported Slovak Jews were killed in Auschwitz, Majdanek, Sobibor, and other locations in German-occupied Poland. Only 300 of them survived. Among them were Alfred Wetzler and Rudolf Vrba who escaped from Auschwitz in the spring of 1944 and compiled the first detailed report on operations there for general dissemination in the west. Jews who were not deported were granted a presidential exception as they were crucial for the war economy. During Jozef Tiso’s presidency, the Slovak State paid Germany 500 Reichsmarks for every deported Jew for, what they called ''retraining and accommodation''. In total the Slovak State paid Nazi Germany 10 million Reichsmarks for murdering its citizens - the Slovak Jews - in Nazi death camps../
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