When Do Black Holes Form?

Special thanks to Professor of Astrophysics Robin Jeffries for being a primary source for this video.
Thanks again to William Norberg for making the custom intro.
Check out his art here: / blenderfoto
Further Reading:
BLACK HOLE FORMATION IN FAILING CORE-COLLAPSE SUPERNOVAE - iopscience.iop.org/article/10...
THE FORMATION OF STELLAR BLACK HOLES - arxiv.org/ftp/arxiv/papers/16...

[@ricardoludwig4787]

Hey, at 9:00 the images of the fast orbiting neutron stars make the screen kinda flash fast. A flashing lights warning would be nice for epileptic people

[@joexer1]

Photosensitive epilepsy specifically. But I hope that anybody with that condition is being cautious regarding any use of a computer, let alone graphical renderings like this. Just plugging a cable into your PC incorrectly could cause flashing lights.

[@geobrah1284]

Hey, nobody gives a shit we're tryin to learn

[@LucasCarvalho-hn4dx]

@@XavierAway If this person is an adult, there's an above 60% chance they need prescription glasses

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@@XavierAway Just remember to unlife in the gutter and save someone the trouble of kicking your corpus off the pavement because that''s not our problem, right?.

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@@LucasCarvalho-hn4dx Wtf is that supposed to mean?

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Best explanation of a supernova I've ever heard! Your channel is right up there with the best science channels.

[@Daniel-Davies-Gonstead-Student]

I agree. The animations are stunning and help hugely with understanding! This channel is little known gem!

[@ButWhySci]

I'd recommend my video on supernovae if you want to go more in depth.

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😢

[@Aristocrafied]

No, it's better

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i stink so bad dude i smell bad

[@TechSquidTV]

It's wild that it feels like so much energy is coming from "nowhere" due to gravity

[@antoniopacelli]

It's actually Coming from Somewhere Else in Time & Space...

[@LochyP]

The energy is already there, mostly in the form of matter and gravitational potential energy, it's just being converted into a more noticeable form like electromagnetic radiation

[@zippythinginvention]

Potential energy

[@Daniel-Davies-Gonstead-Student]

@@LochyP True, but haha, "noticeable" - it sounds like you're saying we can *see* this kind of electromagnetic radiation but I get what you mean - would "detectable" be a more accurate word?

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@Han Boetes isn't that terrifying. Adds up!

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Duh cause it's easy to talk about basic stuff.. and pretend like you know your shit

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I am definitely tired of the all the science channels covering basic topics. I’m hungry for that information I don’t already know

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​​@@TaylorFalk21 you're not the only one watching

[@Astro_Rohan]

As someone who does this as a professional career. You beautifully connected the complex topics from evolutionary tracks, RLFO, supernovae, and the intricate interplay leading to a black hole. I continuously learn from your videos how to tie what I know in such an engaging, accurate, and coherent form. Thanks a lot!

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Lol sure

[@sentientcardboarddumpster7900]

​@456death654 yea what does he mean he does it as a career? He blackholes? He does what as a career? Lol

[@alder2460]

That is the best explanation of formation of black holes I've ever seen. Very graphic, and filled with details yet so easy to understand.

[@alexanderdiogenes8067]

The amount of energy radiated out as gravitational waves isn't something that I ever really gave much thought to, but with the knowledge of how weakly gravity interacts in our universe, as a whole, those are truly mind-boggling numbers.

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Normally I wouldn't watch a video called "When Do Black Holes Form?" because I already know when black holes form. Your videos always seem to go well beyond, though, so there's always some worthwhile information in them. Great channel. Please keep making videos

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Of the 100’s of explainers I’ve watched on topics like this, you produce hands down the most effective and visually elegant content - all while continuously improving with each consecutive piece. Been watching your content for years and was originally nervous you might stop because the view count was upsettingly low for the amazing quality and effort you were clearly putting in… I’m so relieved to look back and see some of your early vids now with millions of views. Truly top tier content. May the KZbin algorithm bless you, and may you keep blessing us with these beauties!

[@Shreyy17]

First time I've seen someone mention Metallicity and Kilanova Process during blackhole formation! Best video on it imo. I'd recommend this channel to all the physics lovers like me 🤠🤠

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[@WhatDarrenPlays]

Its amazing how fast the spinning of the colliding stars is, that it looks like 8 dots on the screen rotating, but if you pause the video there is only two.

[@minerharry]

Can we just take a moment to appreciate how at 7:26 the neutron stars below the graph warp the stars behind them

[@frankelkjr8041]

The explanation and visuals when perfectly together, I absolutely love this video!

[@RedesignedReality]

The concept of neutrino pressure just blows my mind. Great video!

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Liked before watching

[@PraveenKumar-zw2zl]

Liked before reading

[@crsmith6226]

Liked before existing

[@Max-fh7ij]

Liked before the big bang

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Liked

[@kieranhosty]

Another fantastic video, it's great to see you build further on existing videos' ideas. Thank you for building this and animating it, its a resource of unparalleled quality

[@themagiccookie2614]

Both kilonova and gas collapse black holes have some fun implications and research around them. It's simply fascinating!

[@Akrilloth]

Probably one of the most accessible explanations on this topic i have seen, with some very comprehensible visuals, lovely video!

[@geordiedog1749]

Always a fascinating subject but I rarely learn anything new these days so well done for edifying me a bit more! Great work.

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You're much better at explaining complex topics than all of my college professors combined 😆

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Dude I love the channel style so much. Keep up the good work and we do notice the effort you put into your videos

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Dude, each one of your uploaded videos of this topic makes me fall in love even more with supernovae!! Your amazing, so keep on making videos plss!!

[@jimmygarza8896]

I know it's primarily about black holes, but this video just helped me understand how supernovae work. Thank you so much for the explanation.

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I discovered this channel just now, and I wonder why youtube didn't recommend it to me earlier, because this channel has everything that I like... But the good thing about it is that now I have dozens of your videos to watch in a row, and this makes me very happy and excited !

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I love your graphics and explanations. I wish you got more views. Especially when your graphics say *To Scale*.

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This channel is my all-time favorite science channel. I absolutely LOVE the visuals leading up to the kilanova.

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Great video man. Phenomenal animations and illustrations

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What an amazing video. I've watched videos before about neutron star mergers but this one was much more specific. Loved it

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Geology rocks

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That is definitely one of the aims.

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Got goosebumps. Absolutely beautiful video.

[@stacysmith3955]

Fantastic video! Thank you. I’ve been watching astronomy videos for about 10 years now, and I didn’t know that much about Kilonova events! Thank you so much!

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[@seanspartan2023]

I've seen hundreds of videos on black holes but this is by far the best: the explanation is clear and easy to understand (without feeling dumbed down), the animations are really top-notch, plus you even included the math for those of us interested in the details. I subbed. Thanks again!

[@AugustoV8Cesar]

yes , my same words.

[@therealagentdave]

Please never change the art style of the videos. Its hella cozy

[@chriscrow8774]

this is awesome! so glad someone finally mentioned the low mass gap of bh’s lol. this is currently my research and honestly it’s looking more and more like accretion induced collapse bh’s are a thing and are fairly prevalent in a lot of simulation models.

[@Frack_Black]

Incredibly well explained and put together video. Ty.

[@Asdayasman]

Thank you for rendering the black holes accurately, ever since I first learnt about how black holes were predicted to look, (thanks EVE online), I've been fascinated.

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insanely good video, never seen any of your stuff before but subscribed

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I love your videos so much. I'm across this stuff an keep up to date with it but your videos add some great details that others just seem to miss.

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This is one of the best videos for black holes ever why is this so under viewed. Thank you sir.

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incredible video. I love the detail about supernovae at the beginning

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this was such a good video. I only have like a bachelors degree in watching youtube physics videos, but I have to say this was the best explained video I've seen on the subject. the animation made it so easy to understand. So good!

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Hahaha, I love this comment

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i have watched so so so much content on astronmy and cosmology but you get a like for telling me a SINGLE thing i havent heard before outside of super complex math. you showed me the realationship bettwen metalisity and mass lost.

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this is so cool! thank you very much for making this video!

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finally a video that helped me actually understand the process. thank you

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This video is pure art

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Whoever does your editing is top shelf

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That would be him

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This is so cool. I love these in depth videos where most videos just say "at the end of a star's life it collapses into a black hole"

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Amazing video and amazing graphics thank you

[@adrees]

Thanks for the answer right at the beginning 😊❤

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Awesome video!!! Keep up the good work :D

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I've been studying this stuff for 20 years and spent time as a science teacher. You did a great job in explaining things not just clearly but in ways I've never heard before, specifically the metallicity part. Well done, and thanks a million! Subbed!

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Can't wait for the next one!

[@robbabcock_]

Great explanation, black hole physics can be mind bending.

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Very quality content. Subscribed!

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Love this channel!

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It feels illegal to watch this for free. Hats off to you man!

[@trogdorbu]

This is my favorite channel. Can you do a video about how well atoms hold onto their electrons inside a normal star? In such a high energy environment, how often do free electrons crash into a nucleus? Also, how hot would a star have to get for most nuclei to be more or less stripped of all electrons?

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This was a great video! Although from the title I was expecting it to be about some crazy paradox due to relativity or something lol.

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Your graphics are simple and great!

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Excellent video!

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[@MrMrchatcity]

I just finished The Three Body Problem trilogy of novels. This did remind me of the 1st book and relationship the 3 solar masses shared through the Roche Lobe Overflow except none of them were Neutron Stars but periodically overtime share their gaseous mass. If you are familiar with the book series or the Three Body Problem in general I would really be interested watching your explanation. I really am impressed with how well your visuals compliment very complex subjects for people try and visualize themselves. Carl Sagan would be proud of the legacy you are continuing.

[@unflexian]

yes and it also reminds me of the way photoid strikes destroy stars, by condensing star matter leading to increased energy output, leading to the expansion pressure overpowering the gravitational force and causing a nova. also amazing books, death's end especially. finished it last month still can't stop thinking about it.

[@MrMrchatcity]

@@unflexian you said it. I would love to see an illustration of some part our 3d world being sucked into a 2 dimensional universe and how that would appear to us.

[@unflexian]

@@MrMrchatcity haha yes, can't wait until someone develops the "image processing algorithm" required to do this:)

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It’s so cool we can just learn this here for free, so cool. I love learning about this suff.

[@Zahlenteufel1]

I kinda thought this would be about time dilation. Like how *when* someone crosses the event horizon of a black hole is non trivial except for the formation. "At what point in time does the black hole form?"

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Looks like we’re set for at least a couple more amazing videos

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I understood nothing yet you still made it interesting

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Such a cool feeling when you have like, an idea of something that you sorta kinda know if someone asked you but maybe haven't really though about the details in a while and then you watch this and learn 2 ultra dense neutron stars orbiting within the radius of California at 11% the speed of light giving off more energy then a type 3 civilization kinda makes you have to stop and remember why you feel in love with science in the first place.

[@painter194]

What’s your theory on the formation of Supermassive Black Hole’s? Would love to see that video.

[@john20johnny]

Thank you 🙏

[@spudhead169]

Thank you for not BSing us with the singularity nonsense so many others do.

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That's a great video with excellent accompanying animations. When I first saw the title, I was expecting a stupid answer like "at 4 o'clock." Instead I was educated.

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Where does the music come from in your videos? Love it ❤