Can you solve the bomber failure that almost lost WWII?

WWII bombers were getting shot down by Nazis left and right. Here's how they almost lost the war with a logic failure.
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[@dylanjardon]

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[@Croatoan140]

Us navy?

[@dave_h_8742]

Mathematician spotted it.

[@colewurz8475]

Not US it was British

[@hercegovac9999]

Does rainbow symbolize something?

[@joellumb]

This was a british fighter thing not us bomber thing

[@h31212]

Rookie mistake: They used a spitfire to do strategic bombing lmao

[@ohioanbutt_ticklingbandit]

used a fighter for ground attack lmaaaao

[@dosidicusgigas1376]

"I only had to rearm 50 times"

[@pigeon.and.pigeon]

​@@ohioanbutt_ticklingbanditstill better than me-177 for ground attack

[@ohioanbutt_ticklingbandit]

@@pigeon.and.pigeon better then using a fucking biplane thats for sure imagine mounting a 20mm on a biplane

[@lambo_centernario9064]

more specifically a mk xivc

[@bricklingtonlego]

"American Bombers" Proceeds to show a spitfire through the entire video:

[@Tenems941]

And started it with the U.S. Navy made a logical falicy

[@A._.Neill26]

neither American nor a bomber.

[@darracqboy]

⁠@@A._.Neill26fr, not sure what happened in the editing department

[@Jerry-cg9ni]

Yea not everybodies a hyper-attentive history geek@@darracqboy

[@felixgaede6754]

And P47's in some shots aswell

[@raywarlock]

"No armor best armor"-warthunder players

[@someasiankid6214]

I can confirm, they can’t hit you if they go straight through you

[@funkymonkey2806]

Remember when the b-17 was unstoppable

[@pieterdeliho1492]

Japanese zeros after being set on fire for the 5th time: Yes

[@A123-i6p]

@@pieterdeliho1492 i play mostly zero, you feel like god while in turn fight. But most of the time you feel like duck waiting to get shot haha

[@Lemonyhail]

See this man gets it… all theses other dummy’s adding armour smh

[@J0LL1B33]

The Spitefire Mk. IX was the most effective American bomber during the 2nd world war. What an amazing feat, it was.

[@CaptainCutlerCat]

*1st world war. The lack of knowledge some people have is astounding

[@DasVryst]

😂😂😂😂😂😂😂😂😂😂

[@death22_fighter27]

No clearly it was used in the US war of independence and took part in burning down the White House

[@APXWOX]

The French and Indian war* your lack of knowledge makes me cringe

[@NaNNaNNaNNaNNaN]

​@@APXWOXThe Crimean War* I find your lack of knowledge disturbing

[@TheGoat1939]

ah yes, the spitfire mk ix. my favorite us bomber!

[@C0ldB3er]

It’s not an IX though, it’s a griffon. probably a Mk. XIVc considering it's not full bubble-canopy design but a Griffin Spitfire.

[@TheGoat1939]

@@C0ldB3er ur right

[@Digital_Soldier_31]

If battlefield V has taught me anything, every kind of plane is a bomber if you try hard enough

[@averagegameplay619]

​@Digital_Soldier_31 it can bomb yes. I just gotta resupply every minute

[@zawadlttv]

*us navy bomber

[@nathanmellor8466]

Why are you using a British fighter for a video about American bomber planes?

[@dylanjardon]

we all in it together baby 🫶

[@mcduck5]

Because it's a British story being claimed by Americans

[@fabio_kill]

@Peaker’s Lab the dud probably doesn't know anything and made bad content

[@xinyangqing9071]

If there weren’t markings I would’ve thought the fighter was a P47

[@mcduck5]

@Peaker’s Lab Just like U571...

[@troysemrau3654]

Give credit to the man that told them the logic was wrong, Albert Wald. Note: previous name was incorrect.

[@dylanjardon]

true good catch. thanks Marian 🙏

[@IsmailV88]

Still haven't given credit

[@AmericanOdyssey91]

He was Polish

[@jsteinberg48]

Sorry, It was Abraham Wald (Jewish Statistician from Hungary).

[@traeyoung458]

@@IsmailV88 who the f cares bruh, doubt Marian actually cares cause he dead 🤦‍♂️

[@L0K1DOKI]

Classic logic mistake that could’ve cost them the war: Using a spitfire as a strategic bomber 💀

[@Jaleb3GOcomments]

Some spitfires are equipped with small bombs made to destroy railway and enemy merchant ships but not for a full scale bombing raid like the B-17

[@Officer_duh]

“The us planes needed more protection” Proceeds to show a British spitfire.

[@dekinnis]

dude the spitfire was the best american bomber of ww2 whatcha on about. (jk)

[@jac6478]

I think he meant to say Allies Planes. This same thing was also implemented in the British army i believe.

[@TheRealRaveGamer]

The US navy “shows british Spitfire aircraft”

[@Nitrofox2112]

Didn't fool me, because I've seen this chart 1000 times

[@tetronaut88]

However you probably normally see it on twin-engined American bombers, such as the B-26, not single-engined British fighters like the Spitfire such as this video used. The dots in the video are in the wrong spot for the Spitfire. Oh hell nah, I just realised that you commented this over a year ago. How was your past year?

[@tatsuyashiba6931]

​@@tetronaut88yeah lol, the center dots got put right at the cockpit

[@AManWith_NoName]

No I wasn't fooled, my years of playing war thunder have finally paid off.

[@jonsed90]

Warthunder causes me extreme suffering, I’m even in a squadron

[@bereskatuket7744]

@@jonsed90 same bro

[@girostade5477]

it's whne you say things like that, you know, you're too deep to come back, hahaa

[@itsalmostfun8567]

IT CAUSE ME PTSD

[@televisio8652]

​@@jonsed90 I have it even worse, I *_AM_* the squadron leader

[@SouthernGentleman]

The red dots in the cockpit, returned home?

[@SweetSniper5197]

American bias tbh

[@tommythetemplar]

@@SweetSniper5197 lmao golden comment

[@aliemirduran5530]

Smartest American

[@belgianfried]

The cockpit should be red already

[@Magickills74]

Maybe that's where all the blood drained out

[@johnnyanderson2-roblox185]

Lets not over exaggerate, this would in no way have costed them the war.

[@5b_c4ll3d_p4ul]

Exactly the comment I was looking for

[@justusP9101]

That’s right. The allies only started bombing when germany already practically lost the war

[@friedyzostas9998]

​@@justusP9101The Allies are not the Americans. They're the Allies. Frenchies and brits targeted Germany years before US even joined.

[@CaptainCutlerCat]

​@@justusP9101Not really, the most allied nations were bombing Germany in the early parts of the war, and the US joined in by the middle of the war

[@scottnicholls2523]

Mistake, they added armour to someone elses planes

[@kithoongadrianhanjwss]

Him: US planes video: Spitfire

[@martynchapman3503]

You using a Spifire. It’s a British fighter. You said the US Navy? What are you talking about?

[@willscott2498]

And a spitfire is a fighter not a bomber

[@darracqboy]

Yeah lol

[@pickle4422]

The story was actually originally about the British. So technically he isn’t wrong.

[@willscott2498]

@@pickle4422 but he was wrong because he said us navy and us military

[@engiturtle65]

@@pickle4422 why use a fighter when talking about bombers

[@bige9830]

Wait a minute backup for a second . US navy in the European theater? Planes were flying out of land based strips in England controlled by the army. And if I remember correctly the reason why our bombers were getting blown out of the sky Because we didn't have fighter's that could escort them to Germany. They had to turn around Halfway there.

[@toomnLP]

Carrier-based aircraft were extremly important in the atlantic theater. Britain operated 7 aircraft carriers in 1939 which came to be used extensively. The USN-aviation was not as prevalent in the atlantic theater as the british (at least in the early stages) but it still operated massive ammounts of carrier bound planes. Concerning the lack of fighter escorts/air superiority: This is kinda true for the earlier parts of the war, but by the end air superiority was established and british/US-american aircraft dominated the skies over europe and the waters which surround it. The atlantic theaters carrier operations are often overlooked due to the focus on the pacific theater by many (probably due to the most famous naval battles happening over there). Many of the aircraft used by the US were either fighters or dive bombers (helldivers and dauntless mostly, i think) meant to establish and maintain naval and air superiority. But carrier-bound bombers and transport aircraft also played a big part.

[@bige9830]

@@toomnLP You stated British carriers. The video stated US carriers. Name the US carriers that were in the European Theater?

[@IceColdBellPepper]

Some would still return home so this would apply to those bombers that had bullet holes

[@karlthedogwithakar98k95]

That’s the fun part they weren’t getting blown out of the sky

[@RazorPantherz]

@@bige9830 This story is originally about British planes, not American.

[@dhruvcreddy]

Bro that is a British spitfire

[@whatthe9078]

“Where would you put the metal?” Me: everywhere

[@goobero343]

if you put metal armor everywhere, that would increase the weight, so that means less speed. speed was a large priority in 1945 due to the very fast german messershmit 262, the worlds first jet fighter. this mistake could actually have lost ww2.

[@magnum6763]

@@goobero343 not really. The 262 had a grand total of about 2 seconds of TOT after entering an attack run. About half a second to the target, 1 second to fire, and half to escape. Thats the whole reason the R4M (not really successful) was developed. They also were getting shot down in droves, and lack of fuel grounded many.

[@kylezdancewicz7346]

@@goobero343no offense but the 262 was effectively useless because Germany couldn’t actually build many and the were used primarily in non combative roles. And Americans prodution is so insane compared to Germany this would even be close to war loosing

[@elessartelcontar9415]

For D-day, the USAAF put heavy metal plates in the bottom of the gliders we used if the passengers were high ranking officers. When the tow planes and gliders separated the "gliders" plummeted into the ground like meteors!

[@KitFoxune]

@@goobero343 Say that to the F6F Hellcat. Those bloody planes could take a serious beating from the Mitsubishi Zeros.

[@spacechampyt]

"did it fool you ??" Me: sandwich eating noises intensives

[@CommanderGeneral]

Same

[@MeltedMozzy]

Someone saw the survivorship bias video that was widely recommended to people 2-3 days ago

[@who8485]

Wow this is the first video I've seen on KZbin about survivor bias thanks for gracing us with the original content.

[@dylanjardon]

that’s why i’m here

[@ghosthunter0950]

Damn you must have been in the wrong side of KZbin all along. I've seen it hundreds of times.

[@Imugi007]

@@dylanjardon oof. I think y'all missed the sarcasm bruh.

[@trevor1360]

Same thing almost happened to helmets in WW1. The brass realized that more injury reports were filled out after soldiers were equipped with helmets. They found it odd but realized that these were just the soldiers that were surviving instead of dying.

[@Spilled_Beanz]

hmm yes my favourite bomber, the spitfire

[@icantthinkofausername2605]

Navy? The bombers in Europe were operating under the Army Air Force, there were no American carriers in the atlantic

[@Automaticguns1]

You got a source bud cause that sounds like bullshit

[@icantthinkofausername2605]

@@Automaticguns1 What part of it sounds like bs? The bombers just don't fit onto an aircraft carrier, the runway's too short. As for the "no America carriers", why would there be? Britain and Poland had navies that did the job just fine.

[@496jamesc]

@@Automaticguns1 He's right. Navy bombers only flew off of American carriers or islands in the South Pacific. At no time during the war were American carriers near Europe.

[@lgkite4336]

@@Automaticguns1 calls him an idiot, refuses to elaborate, leaves.

[@givenfirstnamefamilyfirstn3935]

Wasp was in the Atlantic and the Mediterranean. Ranger stayed in the Atlantic.

[@markyamato2120]

Meanwhile Japan: Armor? What the fuck is that? What we need is fire power and mobility!

[@OldFellowSnek]

Naw, kamikazing the shit outta everyone 672 MPH.

[@skysamurai4649]

To be fair, Japanese tried to add armor on their planes during the war, but the specifics of the theatre made it harder for them. Take for example self-sealing fuel tanks: they tried to add them on the land-based aircrafts, but it took a lot of time for them to start installing them on the naval ones, because it will dramatically affect the plane’s range and to the lesser extent agility

[@thekingofgamers3350]

I already knew this the guy who convinced them to do it was a hero.

[@IcedTe-a]

Bomber fleet. Shows fighter. US planes. Shows spitfire. Add metal to the engine. Bangs a hammer everywhere else except the engine.

[@dergefreiter758]

Every single visual you used for "American bombers" were British Spitfire fighter planes

[@sleepless9994]

I literally just watched a guy explaining this to his class

[@dylanjardon]

yes he’s a G of a teacher

[@darracqboy]

No he’s not, cus the class is left knowing that the spitfire is a US bomber, but it’s a British fighter.

[@alwexandria]

​​@@darracqboy Can't use something as an example nowadays?

[@spoon6937]

@@alwexandria why not use a b 17 as an example?

[@josemiralrio1746]

Bro didnt even have to see the whole vid we've all seen this they put armor on the parts that weren't hit

[@MrSviggels]

Warthunder players: “My logic is beyond your understanding”

[@DevGamingYT-u8o]

I’d put the protection where they aren’t shot, because that’s the important part now.

[@EpikusKnowsGod]

Knew this for a while now. The guy that pointed it out saved many lives

[@Zed_Oud]

They were fooled by the survivorship bias, but they also listened to advice from the Statistical Research Group at Columbia University, where Abraham Wald gave his analysis of the issue.

[@Proven_Data]

Bro I figured it out. I’m so proud of myself yet it means nothing. 😂

[@jarvis6253]

No your a war tactician master now

[@nicholaswhatts1380]

@@jarvis6253 it’s just common sense, add it to the places where there are stress points like the wing connections + vitals of the airplanes

[@tankdestroyerboi1943]

armor the cockpit, you can replace or fix a damn good aircraft but you cant replace a damn good pilot.

[@kylezdancewicz7346]

Sir our planes our getting shot down, armor the cockpits so the pilot survives, you can’t really survive a plane crash and then hiding behind enemy lines consistently

[@Lyle_K]

@@kylezdancewicz7346sure but if the plane can get back to friendly territory and then you bail that’s better than dying. Frankly the evidence supporting armoring the cockpit is that plenty of successful planes put armor there.

[@kylezdancewicz7346]

@@Lyle_K I know but this comment ignores the fact that if the plane goes down the pilot is probably dying, because a ocean, crashing a heavy object into the ground at high speeds and hoping the squishy thing inside it survives, being behind enemy territory, you know where the enemy aircraft and anti air are most likely to be.

[@Lyle_K]

To some extent, minor armor around the pilot might still be a good idea. It’s pretty quick to build a new plane, not that easy to build a new pilot.

[@lubnakhan3271]

"Who needs armor when you can kamikaze" - War Thunder Player

[@theodenking320]

Truer words have never been spoken

[@ashtonbrown4318]

Heard this 1 million times already

[@Mrglipglop]

Add metal evenly, its called weight distribution

[@remkirkthegamer1157]

That would've made the aircraft too heavy to take off.

[@Mrglipglop]

@@remkirkthegamer1157 just dont make it that heavy 💀

[@carrott36]

@@MrglipglopSo: 1. We want to add armour 2. We cannot add too much 3. The plane doesn’t need to be armoured in some places By spreading the armour evenly, we waste protection on areas that don’t need to be armoured. This takes potential armour away from the areas that do need to be protected. Also remember that in air combat speed is very important, and more armour is more weight is less speed. At times designers would remove armour to gain speed, like in the American Kittyhawk aircraft.

[@Mrglipglop]

@@carrott36 aint reading your book lil bro keep the yapping to a minimum

[@carrott36]

@@Mrglipglop 30s is how long it will take to read that. If you want to seem right or better than others, that there is not the way to do it.

[@reblanium]

It’s called the bomber problem at this point it’s a classic thought experiment. FYI the military wanted to put the armor not metal on the areas that got shot but economists told them otherwise.

[@nanolog522]

It’s actually called „survivorship bias“. It is just „the bomber problem“ because it has something to do with bombers. No one calls it that.

[@reblanium]

@@nanolog522 the example is the bomber problem

[@OB1canblowme]

The bomber problem is not a thing. As previously stated, the topic of the video is survivorship bias. You're probably confusing this with the bomber gap that was a belief during the cold war that the Soviet bomber fleet was considerably larger than the US bomber fleet.

[@reblanium]

@@OB1canblowme no. I am talking about the common example used by professors to teach their students about survivorship bias that is called the bomber problem. It is based on this exact problem that the allied Air Force faced during WW2. The name of the example (the most commonly used one for survivorship bias btw) is the bomber problem. I get that the concept is survivorship bias but the topic of the video is literally on the bomber problem which showcases survivorship bias. Btw, this is something economists learn in year 1 IB HL Econ let alone if you actually go to uni for it

[@adammissildine8027]

"Maybe cost them the war" I'm pretty sure that is a huge overstatement we still would've won but not without more losses

[@itzskyfall]

"american bombers" proceeds to show spitfire with raf badge...

[@thenorwegianviking5721]

Already knew this, I had to solve this in History class

[@icecraftgaming8661]

Awesome

[@partiallyfrozen3425]

It's only a myth that they actually wrongly armoured the aircraft, and your claim that it nearly cost the bomber squadrons is incorrect. Even the most basic of engineers understands that armouring bare metal isn't doing any good if your leaving the cockpit exposed. It doesn't take a genius to figure that out. This is only a hypothetical. No engineer would legitimately go and make useless parts of the plane more protected. Perhaps a not very skilled statistician could make the mistake, but the engineers would straighten him out.

[@Justin-ui5ti]

Honestly, I am getting tired of these BS exaggeration vids. Is he seriously trying to go and suggest the nation’s most gifted and talented minds were very much nearly fooled by something that is basic statistics? I’m going to put this under “Do not recommend me this channel”.

[@partiallyfrozen3425]

@@Justin-ui5ti Exactly, shorts content is driving me insane

[@thegrinchiestflix7667]

Yup, really woulda cost the whole war. Great assessment

[@drfill9210]

The damage was so bad that a b17 came back looking like a spitfire

[@codylewis6918]

Survivorship bias is the main reason the challenger blew up weirdly

[@annestyk]

Actually, logically speaking, you want to add armour to the places where there is fuel, components, or crew. everything else is, by definition, expendable. no fuel, no way to come home, no engine/controls, same, and no crew, again, same. so forget mapping out bullet holes! thats what i say.

[@HoundSharkFishing]

The planes shown in this video are spitfires

[@tyguy6296]

*knocks on the wing of a spitfire* "yup. there's your problem. not a bomber." *instantly promoted to general*

[@bejaminmaston1347]

I'm very sure a bomber that fell from 30k ft going 200-400mph is great for telling what destroyed it

[@sxvxn._av]

Bro had the guts to say "Nazi Germany" 💀💀💀

[@Wyatt-bd2ed]

The issue was they added the armour to where the surviving planes where not where the dead planes were so the armour was practically useless

[@JJ-sd4kb]

This has the same logic as "we interviewed 100 russian roulette players and they all survived thus we can confirm it is 100% safe to play"

[@azazel_playz7055]

I personally said that you should put plating and protection on the places that weren’t getting shot because every plane is coming back, but in those specific places they were never shot

[@polandull]

Also, this design process was innovated not by bombers, but by heavy fighters like the P-47 and others

[@Fezezen]

Logically, you want to protect the fuel tanks the most because they could be punctured and ignite (tracer or incendiary rounds were common)

[@d_the_great]

The technology progression during the war is insane. Like, they went from slightly more advanced than WWI aircraft to early cold war era aircraft in just under 4 years.

[@dekinnis]

dude they went from spitfires being british fighters to spitfires being American bombers.

[@skysamurai4649]

Most aircrafts at the start of the war were actually much more advanced then anything from WW1. Speed has almost doubled, range sometimes was more then 10 times higher, armament more then twice as heavy.

[@SLAV_YT817]

"Protection to the plane so they didn't get shot down" **proceeds to show bullet holes on cockpit**

[@CeriumOxide]

Navy 💀 thought it was the Air Force 💀

[@FART674xbox]

The air force was founded in 1947

[@tatsuyashiba6931]

Ive heard this damn history so many times lately on yt. Its like when Kyle talked about the demon core, but instead of memes we just get the same video over and over again

[@antonosogaspador]

"In World War Two the US navy *made* a classic logic mistake-" "Thankfully, they *weren’t* fooled-"

[@malourano]

Same problem with a space rocket where they removed certain important data from a graph

[@NavyPhantom4]

Key phrase: The ones that were shot DOWN

[@dutchthespitfire3204]

"the US Military" Proceeds to show a British Spitfire

[@tcfightertoo]

“Classic logic mistake” *shows Spitfire*

[@momsmaniacs2398]

Where they didn’t get shot because that’s where the ones that didn’t come back got shot

[@ThePlagueD0ct0r312]

“Bomber problem” *proceeds to show a spitfire*

[@darkdahl5562]

They didn’t armor the places they DIDN’T get shot which meant that they areas that did get shot still allowed the plane to land

[@SumitKumar-oo4qr]

Bro really had the nuts to say it💀😭🙏

[@michinomiya8179]

Meanwhile in war thunder: "A nine millimetre bullet penetrated your nose cap, disabling the engine, sends shrapnels killing the pilot, striking the fuel tank, and rips the plane to shreds"

[@historyfan0651]

Us bombers: shows P47. Us planes: shows Spitfire

[@garlicguy-uj2ge]

Ah yes the American spitfire

[@SmileFile_exe]

i would add armor everywhere since its preferable to not get holes in my bombers

[@SweetSniper5197]

Only problem is the weight induced by this means less ordnance or weight in other areas like crew and defences

[@_stolentoast_]

Almost got me until i remembered they survived

[@planeboi118]

"Bombers" Continues to show a spitfire (British fighter) And a BF-109 (German fighter)

[@acolonial5190]

Survivorship Bias! A great lesson on it too!

[@justsomerando718]

Reminds me of when they were having a huge spike in injuries during ww1 right after they added steel helmets only to realize the injuries would have been deaths without them

[@ghostpost.]

Yeah but you'd also want the pilots to be protected aswell cuz ik for sure that ai planes are not here yet

[@marcosgonzalez4207]

This reminds a politic on my country that wanted to abolish the birth by cesarean section, except in case were the life was on risk His argument was biased, he said that the mortality was higher than normal births, but he didn't take into account that the majority of cesarean operations occur in high-risk pregnancies Or another example of bias, the amount of Sherman destroyed, the defenders of the tigers, panthers and panzers use that argument. But they don't realize that were more Shermans than any german model on the war (also, the invent that Sherman can penetrate the german armor, but ehen 75 mm canon can do it, now imagine a 105 mm)

[@MrNicknamePersonal_]

My dumb ass be like: add protection to the entire plane

[@carrott36]

Problem is, more armour is less speed. Speed is very important in air combat. If you have the energy advantage, in height or speed, you can engage and disengage at will and the enemy cannot retaliate. Same goes for bombers, as enemy fighters will have a harder time keeping up.

[@vikingman3104]

The reason they weren't fooled was because they had already made the same mistake with their warships

[@elliotnurdin4526]

Bro has a Spitfire as an American plane

[@T1TXK]

Add protection where they don’t get hit, I read about this in a book in class

[@Randomfactsofwar]

Another issue they had was that they tried bombing Germany during the day without a fighter escort

[@CV.ZAN2000]

Actually the British came up with the idea and gave it to the Americans

[@spookers3147]

U gotta love that they use a British spitfire to represent American planes

[@theodenking320]

Furthermore he says "bomber", but the spitfire wasn't even a bomber

[@spookers3147]

@@theodenking320 exactly, it was the British's best "fighter".

[@halcionkoenig243]

My mind is blown in so many ways right now, that I'm having an aneurysm looking at the video as you explain some good information.

[@mustafabostanci6423]

IL-2 sturmovik soviet bomber literally made with this understanding. Even earned a nickname like "Flying tank"

[@Bavarian_Barbarian]

Did not cost them "the entire fleet". They were pumping out thousands of bombers each month in 1944. Also, it was mainly the Army Air Corps flying over Europe. US Navy planes only saw limited combat in few engagements in the Mediterranean.

[@redwing9583]

Ah yes, the US Navy’s heavy bomber fleet flying missions in Europe. That was definitely a thing

[@retr0bits545]

I mean it makes perfect sense to the point where it should be easy to realize where the weak points are. If there are bullet holes you put nothing if there aren’t any you put armor there, it’s that simple.

[@Yourman_Sam]

The places that don’t have holes because if those get hit then they don’t come back

[@tanneryirka5247]

Talks about US bombers then proceeds to show the most British fighter ever

[@izaiahschlosser4512]

They almost were fooled, 1 guy was like "tf are u talking about? Were looking at the survivors..."

[@dekinnis]

i mean you gotta be careful when it comes to the American spitfire bombers ya know

[@nicholashernandez4611]

I’ll call it from the part about the returning ships: survivors bias. Trying to protect the parts of the plane that were damaged OR safe after an attack means nothing for the ones that make it back - the planes that fell are the ones that need to be studied so other planes don’t fall. Oh, and trying to protect ‘vital’ parts of a plane just means protecting the whole thing if you want it to return.