CARTA: Exploring the Origins of Today's Humans - Katerina Harvati, Teresa Steele, John Hawks

(01:39 - Homo sapiens dispersals out of Africa - Katerina Harvati, 21:30 - Continuity or Punctuation in the African Archaeological Record After 500,000 Years Ago - Teresa Steele, 35:56 - How Homo naledi matters to our origins - John Hawks)
Where did we humans come from? When did we become the dominant species on the planet? Experts take you on an exploration of the last half-decade of new evidence from ancient DNA, fossils, archaeology and population studies that has updated our knowledge about The Origins of Today's Humans. Recorded on 02/21/2020. [4/2020] [Show ID: 35712]
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[@BaltimoresBerzerker]

The "failed" first attempt out of Africa may represent a case of us being absorbed by the neanderthal, rather than vise versa. If so, not a failure, if viewed as an early homosapien contribution to neanderthal, who later contributed genetic and cultural traits back to us homosapien.

[@aresaurelian]

27:34 Must take into account the survivability of these tools. As we can see, the material tools that survive the longest are also those we find. Any smaller finer material tools will be lost to time. Therefore, the survivability spectrum of each tool in this chart must be in comparison to the finds. Any metals would be lost within a hundred years in or on the ground depending on climate conditions. Any bone tools will decay and crumble to dust in most climate conditions faster than 100K i most cases, so there is no wonder there. Shellfishing has always been a food source for humans according to genetic predisposition of eating shellfish among humans compared to other species of primates, therefore it would most likely have been with us from the very beginning of this chart, unless we are talking about advanced shellfish farming, which is another thing.

[@larryparis925]

During Prof. Hawk's presentation, in a subsection titled "Was Homo naledi part of a network of ancestry of today's humans?" is a diagram shown at 51:47 and the discussion that follows is absolutely fascinating.

[@ClubeSocial]

==

[@BigfootAnthropologist]

Thanks to all of the contributors. All are contributing to the knowledge of our origins. That said, much more research needs to be done. Looking forward to hearing more from all of you.

[@flugschulerfluglehrer7139]

The intro is not as annoying as it used to be but it is still far too long.

[@flugschulerfluglehrer7139]

David Burgin Right. And a nice intro makes it look more professional. But I am here for the content and not for the looks of it.

[@MsYogiCat]

Great job and discussion from all three speakers, very informative, thanks.👍

[@gooner72]

An extremely interesting video, this subject is absolutely fascinating to me and I really do enjoy learning about the development of human beings. What is absolutely astounding is the fact that those women fitted into the shaft of the caves to get to the bottom of the chamber, the fact that the gap was 7.5 inches is even more amazing in my opinion..... I certainly wouldn't fit in there, I know that.

[@americalost5100]

Three interesting speakers. Thank you

[@kathrinpohl8451]

Highly interesting and very nicely spoken.

[@marksmith8928]

I found this both informative and entertaining. Concerning the last presenter, and subject, and me being a laymen to laymen on this subject, meaning I know nothing, my thoughts on finding so many specimens in one place, the age of the specimens seeming to move to mostly very young, and the lack of the presence of any other tools, objects, or anything else, leads me to the possibility that something, or some things, dragged them into those caves, and ate them. Or the possibility that it was one of the first common graves. And that brings up a whole 'nother topic in that something with a brain size less than half our own created a burial site. Will wonders and questions never cease?. Fascinating to me, the average person on the modern street. Just thought I'd share that.

[@21972012145525]

When you eat things, there are bite marks remaining on bones. There is no bite marks found on this site

[@krockit5071]

It would be much easier to follow if there was a split screen showing both the slides and the speaker.

[@americalost5100]

Don't even really need to see the speakers... Just keep focus mostly on the slides

[@jameswhyard2858]

Why modern landmass maps and not landmass maps for the archaic period?

[@Aluminata]

Entirely astounding.

[@mattmatty4670]

Frk i dig history. Especially human history. Wish I had of had this learnng itch when I was younger. Cheers

[@solowinterwolf]

Naledi must have commanded fire to some degree, to be able to see their way around the.caves, right? But no associated tool industry?

[@amoramor105]

maybe they only use wood

[@RA-do6et]

It would be interesting to find out what the individuals from various species were able to speak or hear based on these bone fossils, but I guess it would be hard to figure it out just from a bone or skull structure. The frequency ranges and the sounds they were able to make may have been different and so even if the neanderthals/denisovans were around today, it might be difficult to communicate with them through speech. Just looking at the reconstructions, the difference between neanderthals and homosapiens isn't all that much more than the difference among the people from different continents/ethnicity/races today. So, most likely the language and the speech ability must have told those people apart. i.e you hear someone and you immediately know they are not the same as you. I don't think early species were cruel as to get rid of the other species. Most likely they were indifferent to the other species and some species became extinct.

[@RonJohn63]

How did Homo naledi *see* in those deep caves? It's *completely* dark in them, so torches would be needed, which means soot deposits.

[@godless-clump-of-cells]

It depends on how large the fire is. I burn candles all the time, yet my walls and ceiling lack any noticeable soot. It's safe to assume that some of these individuals were probably neat-freaks.

[@RonJohn63]

@@godless-clump-of-cells #1 how much more efficient (and thus less sooty) is a candle of highly refined wax plus white string than a crude torch? #2 how far from the ceilings are your candles? #3 I bet your ceilings and walls near the candles are dirtier than you think they are. #4 What evidence do you have that some of those early hominids "were probably neat-freaks"?

[@dwightehowell8179]

They got around the same way some of my fathers cousins did. They were blind enough not to be able to tell day from night. They learned where things are on their own and followed the routes they knew. Would I have the nerve to crawl around inside that cave with the odds being way to good I'd get lost or trapped? No way.

[@godless-clump-of-cells]

@@RonJohn63 I guess they're efficient. Honestly, I just like the way they smell. That said, I definitely see your point. It's just so long ago that it's almost impossible to determine now.

[@Q_QQ_Q]

@RonJohn63 more important is how naledi got into the caves ? maybe cave became narower later . its impossible to crawl there , hard to breathe . impossible for anyone to treat it as special site & frequent visits .

[@janineparadiso5552]

Was it earth movement, rising and splitting of rock formations which opened access to these fossils, allowing them to drop and slide down and across...? I'm thrilled about this work however what if the people who found these fossils had not found them?.... Or what if the spiritual (and other) significance of them ensured that their being and special presence (which most of us modern folk may not sense or appreciate) was left with them in their place of rest, likely where they were placed by their relatives? Many remains (including fossil) of relatives of the First Nation (aboriginal) peoples of Australia are now being returned to be laid to rest back where their relatives left them millenia past, in the lands they lived in by those relatives still living and even by people who are not relatives, but still living with (or respecting ancient) culture here of over 60,000 continuing years!! So much science removed the remains of people and dissected and researched them across the world which is not right energetically for those remains, for their ancestors and descendants and for the other spirits of life and land, water and skies. Remains are now all over the world and being returned to their timeless places as we might find they should be. It is deeply disturbing to spirits and energies to disturb and move dead remains from home on or in country (of origin). Could it be that by digging up these remains we are breaking up the connections with them, rather than the re-membering of them? Could 'dismembering' (from place and time where they have been left, be the opposite of remembering them and ourselves relative to them? Could this irony be the real 'missing links'? Spiritually attuned people and other animals are attuned to connect in ways we modern humans scrutinize but don't connect with (in the main). Can we open science to connect with and be more attentive to this spiritual dimension? Can science not have to measure to believe in something? Arguably, any measurement will not bring back the continuity of energy and knowing about these people... how much can truth be measured when there is no connection with life or continuation of spirit? Can we sense and trust without digging up and measuring that sense and in so doing obscure and disturb it? Whilst this may be beyond comprehension or research or publication of it by mainstream science, can we not consider what current indigenous cultures across the world are saying about these concerns? Take for example the the 60,00 years of research in Australia carried out by/of indigenous cultures on their own lands in the now of Australia to honour, care for and learn from the spirits of the dead. To LEARN FROM spirit as researched over millenia! The burial and care for feelings/spirits of the living, for the ancestors and desendants are all held in place literally, and the spirits of place with them, and and spirits of the dead . Who knows, we may be relatives, even their descendants of other lives including naledi. Is it that modern science is dizzyingly emotional (behind careful research and 'objective, measured labs and rational-based tested in 4 walls and on screens) and unable to stop to consider the energy around and this spiritual significance of place and time and removing them from these? Are we unable to see the spiritual significance which we might be missing just as we have probably been missing 'fossils' we might not see even as we trip over them ? Can we do not re-member them by honouring them in situ? Does our rush against time and natural cycles of life cut us off from the rich nature of ourselves as animals as well as humans? Are our modern brains shrinking and as they control (spiritual and other dimensional experiences) more and more? Do we have to dig up our past ancestors (or relatives) to feel what we probably know inside us, what indigenous people living in situ (until one corporation or other digs up their homelands? Why can't trust what these people say, together with that of preshchooled children and our intuition and sense in keeping with the nature of ourselves without 'science' ? Are our modern brains shrinking in proportion to the shrinking of our instincts and sensing of dimensions other than those we can measure? What have we been doing for the last brain shrinking 40,000 years? becoming really 'intelligent'?... so much so that we are now destroying life on earth? Making fascinating and clever (in one sense yes perhaps) plastic printouts of our ancestors and littering the planet with them, teaching this is good to our children. Don't get me wrong, if I had children or was still teaching, I'd probably be wanting to do this for my kids...but why (in my personal and ancestral experience) would I be doing this when I know that humans are seriously unwell actually and increasingly ignorant it seems about our impact on the earth, each other and all of life as we get more and more civilized and (rationally) educated and 'modern'... Can we resist what we modern humans do when we science? Are we missing the spiritual and possibly cutting our senses off from this because we now only can 'remember' our own families going back a few or a hundred generations back at most when indigenous people remember ancestors and ancestral experience back tens of thousands of years? Are we risking to sever or dam our connection with spirit and land and place and time in keeping with the nature of ourselves (as animals)by digging this up outside of ourselves? out of lands and ancestral places beyond ourselves, our own, without adult supervision of what could be our modern measured ignorance by digging them up and taking them out of their place of rest? I wonder if we are doing the right thing by digging up the past of others rather than each of us looking gently within ourselves.. we might not only see our own past but also our future... we might have the courage then to sense what we can change to live better. My sense is that we can learn all of this without having to dig up anything and better, we can rest in more comfort of just knowing ourselves and feel contented with that and actually not sophisticate and civilize ourselves into extinction, taking a lot of other magnificent life on this planet with us. Do these bones belong where they were left?

[@celestebredin6213]

Non PC but there are still people with differing roots. Different as beads on a string does not mean superior/ inferior ; just a different bead on a different journey in a different location .

[@Mrodriguez231]

CARTA

[@briemills9209]

Where is the research on the teeth? Trying to ascertain whether they ate hard or soft foods and analysis of dental calculus??

[@ErosAnteros]

210kya! In Europe! That's remarkably early

[@impower3134]

Its not sure yet. We dont have enough proof for this.

[@donmilland7606]

why does his shirt and tie look like they're going in a different direction?

[@user-kn9ib9zm4q]

katerina harvati is a great greek

[@paulatreides0777]

harvati sounds Croatain in origin to me. hrvat is Croatian for Croatian.

[@dendricalabro5058]

reading on a symposia is rude

[@nhstorage]

So basically our ancestors got around a lot more then they expected, and they screwed anything with two legs. Not much different than today....

[@fredriks5090]

We have interbred with or killed the other fully bipedal primates. Kangaroos... be very afraid.

[@UltrEgoVegeta]

Haha we homanins like to fuck

[@nikolaribic7956]

Homo Erectus may not have been so named for WALKING upright...

[@jandrews6254]

@@nikolaribic7956 there’s a possibility you may have something to contribute once you got past your adolescent hormonal rush, maybe 80 or so

[@nikolaribic7956]

Modern medicine never fails to amaze me! I had no idea they can now surgically remove one's sense of humour.

[@gastronomist]

22:19 "representational works" - Isn't it funny how they look representational art but not abstract art. If representational art is proof of complex cognition, what does abstract art prove?

[@bopeep7080]

The Apple.

[@roberthorn3587]

1.40 IS VIDEO START TIME!? IF YOU WANNA BYPASS AT LEAST 2 MIN OF HOOPLA!!!?

[@joeshmoe8345]

Super interesting but I had to watch with subtitles because the first speaker kept smacking her lips together between sentences! Seems like some kind of technique because a lot of speakers on this channel do that, but it drives me fucking crazy! It sounds like someone eating with their mouth open. I have no idea why that’s a thing.

[@celestebredin6213]

Why are we so brainwashed about acknowledging difference. Why do we dread differences ?

[@desiderata8811]

In fact, dna clearly shows we are very much alike. Ethnic differences are insignificant.

[@tyraduhan8007]

Tshirt

[@wnchstrman]

Have you considered that Homo Naledi may be found in strange crevices and awkward positions deep in the cave because they got lost in the cave? Think about getting lost in pure darkness, disoriented. Also think of the bodies of children and adults and elders all over the cave system. Children have a tendency to scream and cry for help, and adults go looking for them.

[@wnchstrman]

This should have been quite obvious. I figured this out in about 10 minutes. Surely somebody on the team has considered the ramifications of becoming inextricably stuck between the cave walls in the narrow passages, or falling down "the chute"? A pile of several bodies on the floor of the chute is not a purposeful burial chamber...it is an accidental one. If you cannot climb back up...you try to find another way out, or die trying to climb out.

[@nobody8328]

Newborns, no matter how coordinated they may have been, are unlikely to leave their mother long enough to get stuck in a cave.

[@wnchstrman]

@@nobody8328 No, but they could have been carried there by their mothers now couldn't they?

[@nobody8328]

@@wnchstrman I understand why 'A Guy' might assume that, but trust me when I tell you that exploring unfamiliar caves and squishing through 8" cracks shortly before or after giving birth is not something that very many females of any species would be interested in. ETA- unless there were some sort of powerful need to do so... such as interment of a stillborn.

[@wnchstrman]

@@nobody8328 You aren't getting it. A mother of an infant may have an older child that wanders into the cave. Mom would not let a child die alone in the dark. This is not complicated to figure out if you just use your imagination.

[@nmarbletoe8210]

We're the least naked ape. Among the apes, only orangutans wear clothes more than people, and only in Clint Eastwood movies.

[@tommieharris7308]

When Cain killed Abel

[@1dir951]

Confusing and ambiguous speech, she makes statements that sound like questions.

[@sparky9c22]

No fear. Live or die, have faith in Jesus Christ!

[@davidbenyahuda5190]

Further, human history is Black history.

[@1sonsrs1]

utter nonsense