Codes, Categories and Themes - Understand the difference

Time to explain these confusing terms. Why do some people talk about themes and sub-themes, but not codes or categories, and vice versa? What exactly do these terms mean? Watch to find out!
#qualitativeresearch #academia #researchpaper
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[@qualitativeresearcher]

Visit my website and explore the different ways in which I can support you and your study! drkriukow.com/my-services/ Or buy me a coffee to support my channel :) www.buymeacoffee.com/DrKriukow

[@bekewuruballard6870]

Your explanation of the application of Code, Category, and theme has been exceptionally down to earth. I am better informed after listening to your presentation. Thanks, Doc.

[@qualitativeresearcher]

Thank you, glad that you found this so useful!

[@tiebazurenuoc9702]

Highly recommend this channel to research students.

[@qualitativeresearcher]

Thank you for the positive words

[@jaynunez8258]

This is very helpful! Thank you.

[@waseemkhan43]

You are a blessing sir. Explicitly explained❤❤

[@janemontgomery438]

I have been watching your channel all day and can’t thank you enough. This video explains themes, sub-themes and code so well! The penny has dropped! Thank you 🙏🏻

[@qualitativeresearcher]

So glad to hear this!

[@waltonvira3008]

Wow... I was trying to figure the difference for a while but you just explain it all. Awesome!! Thanks again

[@qualitativeresearcher]

You're welcome!

[@bartooma]

Thank you for all the assistance and tutoring you have been providing so far. I wonder how I can get full research paper in education or humanity which includes thematic analysis. I need to learn more about themes and the discussion section.

[@PrashantKumar-yb8ul]

Thank You Sir...

[@marlonbobiervargassvd4805]

Thank you for sharing and educating us about these terminologies that are relevant to pursuing our study. Keep it up!

[@qualitativeresearcher]

Thank you! Will do!

[@pmedh2010]

This has been very helpful. Thank you.

[@qualitativeresearcher]

You're very welcome!

[@marceloamaralmali6893]

you make it easy..and simple ...I learned a lot more from your videos...

[@qualitativeresearcher]

Thank you, and I'm glad that it helped!

[@OrhaanFaruk]

This is so helpful. I always get confused when it comes to clearly describing what categories and sub-themes mean. Thanks so much!

[@qualitativeresearcher]

you're welcome!

[@NurseTiti]

Thank you so much on this video, I was stuck on my data analysis but this has helped immediately 🙏

[@qualitativeresearcher]

Glad it helped!

[@gleacelhernandez5651]

Helpful video. Thank you

[@qualitativeresearcher]

Glad it was helpful!

[@lalairviana2662]

Thanks!

[@tammymoyejohnson1661]

Your videos are great! Very helpful! I appreciate you. I do have one question- I began my data analysis with "winnowing the data," which highlighted some common themes and language used among the interviewers. Since themes are derived from codes, should I say the winnow the data process generated codes vs. themes?

[@qualitativeresearcher]

Hi Tammy, I responded to your email that you sent me

[@roystuti]

Very informative video on thematic analysis.

[@qualitativeresearcher]

Glad you think so!

[@sairaarain1956]

Thank you Sir, very well explaained

[@qualitativeresearcher]

Glad you liked it!

[@user-es8dn3pb5j]

fabulous videos as always thank you😊😊

[@qualitativeresearcher]

Glad you like them!

[@wafaal-mulaifi8944]

Thank you so much

[@qualitativeresearcher]

You're most welcome!

[@bridgetokyerebeamenyeh5492]

Great video. Can you please explain first or second order codes?

[@qualitativeresearcher]

they are just codes applied at different stages of the analysis, and again, just different terms being used for what others may call open and axial codes, or initial and focused codes

[@muhammadfaiqmohdzailani4271]

Thank you

[@qualitativeresearcher]

You're welcome

[@katemi420]

Thank you very much, indeed 💞 Could you share,please, your favourite authors who embrace themes and subthemes or any books in particular that deal with the issue of themes and subthemes. Many thanks in advance dear Jarek.

[@qualitativeresearcher]

I've mainly been learning from grounded theorists such as Charmaz (her book "constructing grounded theory" for example), as well as any other methodological books that generally deal with qualitative research

[@halimatussadia9892]

Please show a qualitative thematic research report and talk about it. I faced difficulties with the write up the result

[@qualitativeresearcher]

I have a video about writing the results of thematic analysis

[@edrdslzr]

Hi, Doc. Do you have Spotify? I would love to hearing your discussions through audio. Thank you!

[@qualitativeresearcher]

Hi Eduardo, I never thought of this to be honest. Have to explore this option further !

[@rachelwong280]

Hi Dr! I would like to ask what the difference would be when I am using content analysis vs thematic analysis? And should I be using the word 'categories' instead when doing content analysis?

[@qualitativeresearcher]

There are many differences in theory, and in practice sometimes it is nearly impossible to distinguish between the two, but in essence, content analysis is a bit more focused on quantifying, in a way, the content - thus, providing frequency for how often a certain content (represented in our codes) appears in the data. As I said, however, in practice there are overlaps between the two, because for example when doing thematic analysis, many researchers (including myself) still pay a lot attention to these frequencies. Regarding the terminology, this is not how it works, it just depends on whose approach you are following. as long as you are consistent with the use of terms, it really does not matter which ones you are using

[@rachelwong280]

Thank you for the reply! May I ask if you have any videos on how to present data after content analysis is done? :) @@qualitativeresearcher

[@Nemii23]

So we bring code from participants’ answer in an interview for example or our question?

[@qualitativeresearcher]

A code is a little decription/summary of what is being said. It is not advisable to code a full response to a question, but rather certain elements and bits of that response

[@azibarshad4934]

Sir , how to identify codes from 20 transcripts (20 interviews ),do we need to repeat the same process 20 times? Please guide.

[@qualitativeresearcher]

This may, or may not (most likely not) take all 20 interviews. Usually, depending on how detailed each transcript is, you will be able to move to grouping the codes (and later develping themes) after the first 4, 5, sometimes 10 transcripts. Then, you can at least to some extent do what I call steps 2 and 3 of the analysis (you can watch my recent series "from codes to themes" where I explain these steps), and only then continue to do the rest of the data

[@prisca6998]

Can you replace themes with subcategories in qualitative research?

[@qualitativeresearcher]

Yes I suppose you can talk about categories and sub-categories in that case

[@user-iq8df7ng6y]

Can I ask a question how will I do a observation grid?

[@qualitativeresearcher]

I have a video on my channel where I talk about observations, with an interviewee. Other than that I do not have much content about this method

[@joetierney6757]

Thank you, very helpful, I am off to have a theme

[@qualitativeresearcher]

Glad it was helpful!

[@nipunathalpage5673]

I guess it should be better to use more presentations when explaining, Anyways nice video sir.......

[@dannistor7294]

...I have watched 4 videos of Dr.K speaking, mainly on codes. I find them diluted; all the content, in my view, could have been easily fit in one 10-minutes clip. Also, a case analysis would have been much more useful than general considerations. There are some examples of wrong coding given, but they are way too basic and don't go very far...

[@qualitativeresearcher]

It is your very personal opinion obviously. I appreciate that you may feel this way, everyone's approach to coding may be different. I have been working as a data analyst for over 7 years now with some of worlds biggest universities and companies (Oxford, Volvo, several banks), so I think it is fair to say my coding is not "wrong" or "way too basic".

[@estomaika7313]

Am here coz were on chapter 4

[@qualitativeresearcher]

hope the video helps!

[@estomaika7313]

Thank you so much Dr. kriukow our chapter 4 approved !! Thanks for this very informative video

[@sigfriedguigerlich6386]

Thx for uploading!!! Do not waste your time - P-R-O-M-O-S-M !

[@qualitativeresearcher]

what do you mean?

[@imaneloukili4777]

Hello Dr. Kriudow! I hope you're doing very well! Could you share your email address?

[@qualitativeresearcher]

you can contact me through my website