Complete History of the Avogadro Number

How did the Avogadro number happen? How did he know about molecules before they were even discovered? What is the Avogadro constant? The chemistry, physics and science of the Avogadro number is discussed in this complete history the Avogadro number, going all the way back to 400 BCE.
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Thanks to Dave Borgeson for the music: Enchanted, ©Dave Borgeson
Brownian motion simulator from tinyurl.com/mr... (Andrew Duffy)
Excerpt from BROWNIAN MOVEMENT AND MOLECULAR REALITY. By M. JEAN PERRIN via tinyurl.com/52...
Excerpt from Electricity and Matter by J.J. Thomson via tinyurl.com/bd...
Silicon sphere photograph via National Institute of Standards and Technology
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This video was produced at Kyushu University and supported by JSPS KAKENHI Grant Number JP21K02904. Any opinions, findings, and conclusions or recommendations expressed in this material are those of the author and do not necessarily reflect the views of Kyushu University, JSPS or MEXT.