Coptic: The Final Ancient Egyptian Language

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00:00 Intro
00:52 Phases of the Egyptian Language
2:19 Dialects of Coptic
4:36 Origins of Coptic Script
7:55 Genres of Coptic Lit
12:22 Later History

[@ReligionForBreakfast]

Signup up for your FREE trial to Wondrium here: ow.ly/avYl30skwQr

[@Ggdivhjkjl]

Where are the links you said would be in the description please?

[@nathangibbons9492]

Can you do a video on Lilith?

[@eid8fkebe7f27ejdjdjduyhsvqhwu2]

I crave the sources you promised to put in the description!

[@gabel8345]

Thanks for an interesting video. I'm surprised you didn't mention that the current Egyptian arabic dialect is heavily influenced by coptic and earlier Egyptian languages. This includes both vocabulary and grammar.

[@yanleclerc160]

@@nathangibbons9492 q

[@violetrose415]

I am a coptic christian from Egypt, thanks for bringing forth a cultural cornerstone of Copts of Egypt to the awareness of others. It fills my heart with peace to see part of my culture shown out with respect.

[@sarantis1995]

Peace 🕊 my friend, from 🇬🇷 Our nation state and the orthodox coptic community of Egypt have always stool for each other

[@robertolang9684]

i'm a Iberian i have Coptic DNA , and DNA links to Ptolemaic mummies seems i got important ancestors despite today be too poor

[@atamoura]

Same here!

[@nithin_5896]

@@sarantis1995 I'm a Syriac Christian. Love to all my Middle Eastern as well as Orthodox Christian Brothers/Sisters worldwide, Coptic, Greek, Russian, Ukrainian, Armenian, everyone!

[@sarantis1995]

@@nithin_5896 If only we didn't live in the most bloodshed place of the world

[@narmergeorge4122]

My husband speaks Coptic ,He teaches our children and they speak Coptic with him as a native language . We are Akhmimic Egyptians .

[@M3lm-H]

Greetings from El-Minya👏🏻💪🏻

[@eliafeda4429]

Can he teach me?

[@nickscurvy8635]

"this isn't even my final form!" - ancient demotic

[@ReligionForBreakfast]

Final boss with multiple stages.

[@Jake-zk3eb]

@@vlc-cosplayer" Trying to create the mother of all languages here jack, can't fret over every syllable.

[@checkoffgames]

@@ReligionForBreakfast I like language videos.

[@Duiker36]

I mean, modern English isn't its final form, either. 😉

[@Mofi357]

ikr right i dont even know my last name yet till i get there.

[@wanderingkangaroo9908]

When I younger, I actually knew Coptic. My church still uses it. Very beautiful!

[@stevenv6463]

How did you learn? Were you just familiar with the texts they used liturgically or Coptic in general?

[@AmandaRussell903]

Knew? You forgot your language?

[@sk1ppercat912]

@@AmandaRussell903 it happens I watched a video about a linguist who taught his baby Klingon just to see if he could. He only ever spoke to his baby in Klingon and his wife used English. The kid started babbling and then speaking some Klingon. Showing the same patterns as a child learning any other language. But once the kid realized no one else uses it they slowly stopped using it and know as a teen doesn’t remember any of it. So it’s definitely possible to forget a language

[@Varphi_]

@@sk1ppercat912 yeah it just happens all the time. like a lot of 2nd/3rd generation Americans who originally spoke a different language, like fpr me French, if you don’t keep speaking consistently you grow up and forget most of not all of it

[@fireinthehole9474]

I knew omega to ti

[@Figue-]

As a student in Egyptology currently studying Coptic, I’m very pleasantly surprised by this video. It was very complementary to what we learn at the university :)

[@starcapture3040]

do you speak Arabic?

[@Figue-]

@@starcapture3040 unfortunately I don’t really yet, only basic words and expressions. However, I do speak ans read (modern) Hebrew and it does help with my Arabic ahah. Why ?

[@starcapture3040]

@@Figue- it dose help because they have common sounds but hirgalphis too have common sounds with Arabic learn to read it first nd everything else will b much easier for you. Egypt is top scammer country you can't survive it without learning how to read Arabic at least.

[@jacobavners2394]

I've been looking for partners to practice Coptic with for, like, ages! Any chance we can chat somewhere or perhaps even open a group for this subject?

[@javierderivero9299]

I understand nobody can't talk or understand or talk old egyptyan...coptyc might have some similarity ...but not that close to old egyptian..is that true?

[@SomasAcademy]

Knowledge of the Coptic language also played a vital role in allowing early Egyptologists to figure out how to read Hieroglyphics. If anyone is interested in learning more, I have a series on my channel called "Decoding Hieroglyphs," and in Part 2 I talk about early Egyptologist Jean Francois Champollion's study of Coptic.

[@PakBallandSami]

hi love your videos

[@djehuti5571]

unfortunately, a lot of people don't know the role of the egyptian priest father John (abouna yohana) in helping champollion in translating the Rosette stone

[@stevenhe198911]

interesting

[@princeali417]

smoothest self promotion i have ever seen.

[@SomasAcademy]

@@djehuti5571 Yes, dear old Yuhanna Chiftichi, I talk about him in my video on Champollion!

[@eliayacoub6913]

As an Orthodox Christian Egyptian, I'm really grateful for you for making this video, ty❤️

[@stevenv6463]

When they use Coptic liturgically, you don't feel like you're missing out on intelligibility?

[@xerusume]

@@stevenv6463 not really because you can understand most of the words with practice, plus there's usually translations side by side in English and Arabic

[@oraetlabora1922]

@@stevenv6463 How?

[@stevenv6463]

@@oraetlabora1922 as in you would understand better in English, Arabic or whatever the local language is, no? You don't feel like you're missing out because you don't understand the language like your native language.

[@oraetlabora1922]

@@stevenv6463 Yes, but studying another language is also possible. That is that about which philology is.

[@cookies.lover2469]

I am an Italian- Filipina that studied the coptic language for one semester in Germany 😅 My major was ancient cultures and I was free to choose one of the ancient languages available and I went for coptic. In our course were only 6 students. It was really exciting and fun to learn this language and attempting to read and write it. It felt like I was doing something sacred and magical. It is really sad that it is one of the dying languages. My professor dedicated her entire life on the subject of analyzing coptic ancient culture and it’s language. She told me that the university wanted to remove coptic language from the program because there were only few participants. But she said she was happy if only one person could learn it. I changed my major later to economics and politics but my coptic lesson was the most fun subject in my entire university time. I also kept all of the study papers and documents for grammar and vocabulary until now.

[@MMy-bi1ev]

If you type Copts, Google For arts and culture, you will find that it says that the percentage is more than thirty percent, and this is the percentage that Christians say is their percentage. Even the Arab Wikipedia says that their percentage is ten to twenty and used the term Nassara He said he thought their percentage was ten percent and he was mocking their beliefs I am a religious man of Muslim origin. I say that it is impossible for the number of Christians in Egypt to be less than twenty percent. There is a monastery in Egypt in the month of the eighth that has eight million people attending it, and the vast majority of my Christian friends have not visited it. The largest governorate in southern Egypt, half of which is Christian. The second largest governorate in Upper Egypt, 40%. Statistics show that the area with the least Copts in Egypt is Mansoura, and 17% of the students in my college in Mansoura are Christians. The largest area in all of Cairo is Shubra and is inhabited by two million people, including a million and a half Christians

[@BaxorUpGreat]

I am sorry that you gave it up.

[@kanalisationerstellen]

cant find many jobs with it@@BaxorUpGreat

[@mrdoob7824]

Is there any way you can send me your papers on coptic grammar and vocabulary to me? Plz reply to me to get in touch 🙏 🙏

[@emmy3335]

out of pure curiosity I took 2 semesters of coptic as an undergrad taught by a professor in our religion department who specialized in gnosticism. I was the only person in there who wasnt a grad student specializing in early christianity lol, but it was really cool and I learned a lot not just about the language but also from the texts she had us read

[@ReligionForBreakfast]

Yeah it’s generally a grad level course, for no good reason imo

[@bethbartlett5692]

What University? Did it happen to be Yale? (I've taken the History of the Era associated with New Testament. My interests are around the subject and I have one of my degrees in History. Dale Martin. Professor Emeritus, Yale taught the class. Was wonderful.

[@emmy3335]

@@bethbartlett5692 @Beth Bartlett no it was Rice University, professor April DeConick who has actually been mentioned on this channel before, in the video on mandaeism xD

[@treubuchet]

@@emmy3335 Wow! I have read a few of April's books.

[@keronader94]

As a Coptic Egyptian (coptic orthodox)got really excited when i saw the title!

[@dojamouse9455]

I am Indonesian but i am so excited too, bcoz i love everything about coptic, Egypt and Egyptian christian 🤗🤗

[@gringo3002]

Oriental Orthodox?

[@keronader94]

@@gringo3002 yes, but specifically Coptic Orthodox. There are multiple churches that fall under Oriental Orthodox umbrella.

[@olekcholewa8171]

Please learn the language and don't let yourself get culturally genocided by Arabs.

[@youssefelmasry95]

I’m Egyptian and you nailed it 👌🏼 thank you 🙏🏼

[@michaelcorbetaro3306]

im egyptian and i really thank you for your effort and share with us 🇪🇬God bless you

[@markwagdyel-magrisy6620]

Thanks for making this episode ❤️ Greetings from a Copt.

[@cemreomerayna463]

I loved it! As an amateur linguist and translator I wish at least some classics departments included Coptic and Aramaic/Syriac in their curriculum considering how important languages they were in the late antiquity.

[@JacquesMare]

I wonder whether Duolingo will consider adding these languages. Maybe they can add ancient Greek and Hittite too....

[@mikeharrison1868]

Aramaic is still a living language...

[@karlcarlsen9664]

They do.......somtimes......at least in germany are severale coptology degree courses for example in Münster.

[@thomastakesatollforthedark2231]

@@JacquesMare if they can add Klingon and High Valerion they can add Coptic

[@thomastakesatollforthedark2231]

@@mikeharrison1868 aye but it's still an important language in classical studies

[@minadent]

I am Coptic and learned many new things about the Coptic language from your video. Thank you.

[@minahimself]

I am Coptic, and I think you did pretty well!

[@VladVlad-ul1io]

Can you speak it??????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????

[@MrAllmightyCornholioz]

RA BLESS YOUR PEOPLE

[@Magdy.Atrees]

Coptic is synonymous of Egyptian. You don’t need to be “Coptic” to be native Egyptian. In fact, the vast majority of Muslim Egyptians descend from Egyptians that were Coptic Christians and later on converted to Islam. When the Arabs conquered Egypt, they forced the population to either pay taxes (Jizya) or convert and become Muslims. The majority of the people couldn’t afford a constant taxation in order to preserve the Christian faith.

[@dr.banoub9233]

@@Magdy.Atrees Muslim Egyptians are less related to ancient Egyptians by 18% when compared to the ethnoreligious Copts, who by definition , practice endogamy. Muslims have no restrictions on whom to hybridize with.

[@dr.banoub9233]

@@Magdy.Atrees Anecdotal personal dna tests are not the same as peer reviewed scientific evidence. It remains a scientific fact that there is a strong Coptic genetic component which differentiates Copts as being the most closely related to their ancient Egyptian forebears due to the historical and cultural practice of endogamy .

[@manetho5134]

Thank you for this great video about Egypt and it's ancient language🇪🇬 I myself an Egyptian have learned about things I never knew I am Muslim but I wish the the ancient Egyptian language becomes part of our school curriculum, we need to know atleast a little about this fascinating language our ancestors spoke

[@aten5102]

You're an Arab, you've never been a real Egyptian. Go research the Arab invasion.

[@amrovine4029]

@@jannguerrero Most Egyptian Muslims are not Arabs They may have mixed with Arabs but still generally closer to coptic Egyptians genetically nonetheless

[@mansur8451]

No need. Egypt is an Arab-Muslim nation, part of Islamic civilization. Acknowledging Coptic history is fine, no needed to waste time teaching it in schools. Egypt needs to improve its teaching of math, physics, civic and political sciences, arts etc instead.

[@drewc.2887]

@@mansur8451 it’s not a waste of time to spend time on your ancestors language. People should be allowed to understand where their people came from.

[@manetho5134]

@@jannguerrero I may have Arabic, Greek or Turkish ancestry, I can't say for sure, but what I know is that the majority of modern day Egyptians are the descendants of the same Egyptians that lived here 1000s of years ago, Egyptians were never annihilated, ethnically cleansed or genocided in any period in history, so their blood still lives in us

[@andrewsuryali8540]

I think you need to add a short explanation that the Popes mentioned are Coptic Orthodox ones, as I bet many people especially from an American Protestant background would be unaware that there are other papal lines.

[@jaybee9269]

There’s lots of…”Pope types” to quote the late great Christopher Hitchens.

[@jaybee9269]

There’s lots of…”Pope types” to quote the late great Christopher Hitchens.

[@gringo3002]

So Oriental Orthodoxy has Popes?

[@YuhannaMourad]

​@@gringo3002Pope may just mean the Bishop of an Apostolic See.

[@hyperion3145]

​@gringo3002 Also, "Pope" and "Patriarch" both mean "father" in Greek. The Patriarch of the Greek Eastern Orthodox is also sometimes called the "Pope and Patriarch of Alexandria."

[@jaca2899]

I WAS JUST BEGINNING TO GET OBSESSED WITH COPTIC THIS VERY SAME WEEK, AND THEN YOU JUST SO HAPPEN TO RELEASE THIS VIDEO! This is some sort of cosmic connection

[@pluffer241]

Calm down Everybody has synchronicities happen, nice aren't they :⁠-⁠)

[@BaronEurchild]

I have no doubt you are one of the wisest people to talk about these topics. Not because you know the most, but because you know enough to cite all of the research you have done. You are standing on the shoulders of giants and you acknowledge that, which is way wiser than most KZbin scholars.

[@BaronEurchild]

Sidenote, I doubt it would be as detailed of an episode, but I would be interested to know a little bit more about old church Slavonic.

[@beth7935]

@@BaronEurchild Me too!

[@wanderingkangaroo9908]

Coptic guy here! You did an amazing job

[@block2.017]

Old Church Slavonic and Coptic are two of the most underrated ancient languages

[@zimriel]

I would put in a good word for Eastern Syriac Nestorius is the most underrated saint

[@vroomkaboom108]

@@zimriel *most appropriately forgotten heretic

[@ijnfrt]

Old Church Slavonic is not an ancient language.

[@jovan8691]

​@@ijnfrt Yep, medieval.

[@SrednyStog]

Old Church Slavonic is hardly underrated and hardly ancient

[@MrCofet]

I don't comment much but I just want to personally thank you for your hard work in your dissemination of various topics.

[@Mo95793]

yes, finally this is something I wanted to learn about for so long!

[@martinokhalil4900]

Thank you from a Copt 🇪🇬 I speak Coptic fluently btw

[@coolbrotherf127]

Did you learn from just reading and hearing it a lot of did you study the language more closely?

[@felobatirmoheb4884]

​@@coolbrotherf127 Considering he put an Egyptian flag there I believe he is a copyic orthodox christian like myself and learns and reads it in church and sunday schools.

[@dojamouse9455]

Wow, you are the real Egyptian, bravo!!

[@felobatirmoheb4884]

@@dojamouse9455 damn i smell that sarcasm all the way from over here. Bravo!

[@dojamouse9455]

@@felobatirmoheb4884 did i say something wrong? If so i am sorry, bcoz as i know the real Egyptian is "the coptic people" other than that they are just imigrated from surrounding country

[@grapeshot]

I remember a few years back there was a devastating attack on a Coptic Church in Egypt. By extremist of the Islamic variety.

[@starcapture3040]

these acts are lead by the secret police to create division to oppress political parties and the opposition coming from the Muslim majority and BTW Copts aren't angels they can be as scheming and propagandists for the Egyptian dictatorship

[@shakalalalalkh1098]

getting rid of those Islamists a$$holes in power may as well be the only good thing the modern regime did. They would've made Egypt into such a terror that ISIS would've been a Disneyland by comparison. to this day there still is abductions and executions against coptic christians, however the country is regaining control and is getting a lot safer

[@zombieat]

just one you heard of? lol there have been hundreds in the past decade.

[@samihabdelmalik7146]

Not only once since their Arabian conquer to us to this day but the church is alive by God's grace.

[@grapeshot]

@@zombieat I mentioned that one attack in my comment. Feel free to list others.

[@giordy9013]

Scary, but satisfying enough, I was thinking about this today, I was watching a documentary about Egypt and started wondering about the origin of coptic

[@ahmedelkhwaga2751]

Why

[@Sancta.Aegyptus]

I am coptic christian from Egypt and this is a great video

[@megmeg13]

this is such a cool video!! Thank you for making this, I’ve been thinking about getting into Coptic and this was really informative!

[@untitled9229]

This video is perfectly timed! I was just looking up the history of Coptic yesterday and this breaks things down so well!

[@MrFreezook]

It's true, Egyptian Arabic Slang (Not the Classic one) Is full with Egyptian Egyptian (I don't know if I should call it coptic particularly)

[@wastedxbusted]

@portable-cimbora but it directly descents from ancient Egyptian, if I’m not mistaken.

[@sorenaleksander2670]

We who love these channels know what Coptic is only very generally. This quick history has a lot of information packed into it, and is utterly fascinating!!! Just - GREAT!!! Cheers!

[@Vienna3080]

A modern video on the Assyrian language would be nice

[@ratisbonawau]

Real 💯

[@loveandmercy9664]

That's next episode. Than the Maronite Levant dialect after.

[@badgoy534]

@@loveandmercy9664 Maronite Arabic is spoken in Cyprus, Palestine and Lebanon with each distinct sub dialects

[@gringo3002]

Akkadian?

[@riverstone100]

Wonderful presentation! So many beautiful manuscripts. Very informative. Thank you!

[@shakalalalalkh1098]

Ⲛⲟⲩϥⲣⲓ from a fellow Egyptian, currently studying coptic

[@msba7]

بتلاقي فين مصادر كويسة للدراسة؟ أنا مش لاقي أي مصدر عربي كويس حتى شارح الأبجدية القبطية، فضلا عن اللغة

[@shakalalalalkh1098]

@@msba7 there's a playlist of roughly 33 videos named "Coptic Language Lessons (CYC)", it's the best thing to get you started. after that you have to go to a university course , there's no other way ..yet

[@nathanjohnwade2289]

@@msba7 If need be, talk to a priest or monk.

[@JacquesMare]

Can you do an interview with an academic who's fluent in Coptic that can maybe give us a first person perspective on the language? Has there been an improvement in the number of speakers? How well do they engage with the older forms of Coptic and are they optimistic that Coptic can make a comeback?

[@samc8570]

Coptic hasn't been spoken other than a liturgical language at least in a widespread way since the middle ages. There were reports of small communities of speakers even up to the early 20th century, though this would have been quite rare. But I know there's a course being taught in Jerusalem where they're teaching it like a spoken language.

[@loveandmercy9664]

If Hebrew can than why not? Aramaic is having a comeback.

[@MRawash]

check out this guy, he's part of the Coptic revivalist movement in Egypt, tho he makes very few videos in English (mostly aimed at Egyptians) kzbin.info

[@Maoilios12]

@@loveandmercy9664 Hebrew was useful for communication between Jews in Israel who spoke different native languages. Aramaic speakers are found in both Iraq and Turkey and speak different languages. Meanwhile, most Coptic Christians already Egyptian Arabic. There isn't the same need for Coptic in that case.

[@nathanjohnwade2289]

The best person to talk to is a monk.

[@PauldeSwardt]

Great content as usual. I was on a whirlwind US lead tour of Egypt last year (You yanks sure make hard work of vacation!) and was in Coptic Cairo starting with Saints Sergius and Bacchus Church (Abu Serga) but managed to miss my bucket list item of the Coptic museum. So I have an excuse to return for a more leisurely visit.

[@williamvanessen1604]

Saw the upload notification as I was heating up some water to make my breakfast, perfect timing!

[@namingisdifficult408]

Your videos are what inspired me to learn more about religion and now I'm a religious studies major.

[@alessandro_natali]

This channel keeps getting better and better 😎 love the content

[@yousrymikhail9809]

Informative and a great contribution, thank you for the effort.

[@paulziolo9241]

An excellent video, highly informative and well-presented, essential watching for those pursuing the study of psychohistory.

[@Djynni]

As a lay person interested in the origin of language I really appreciate this channel. Thanks for the content!

[@rayhilchey6706]

Wow, there is so much information in this. I am overwhelmed. Well done sir.

[@sandro-eliesaad9541]

Amazing as usual, Andrew ❤

[@sarahwatts7152]

This was a great clarification of ancient Egyptian vs. Coptic. Excellent!

[@stefanschleps8758]

Excellent overview. Thank you. That gets you an instant sub. Keep it up.

[@SpartanLeonidas1821]

Absolutely Fascinating! Love our Egyptian Friends! 🇬🇷❤️🇪🇬

[@MMy-bi1ev]

If you type Copts, Google For arts and culture, you will find that it says that the percentage is more than thirty percent, and this is the percentage that Christians say is their percentage. Even the Arab Wikipedia says that their percentage is ten to twenty and used the term Nassara He said he thought their percentage was ten percent and he was mocking their beliefs I am a religious man of Muslim origin. I say that it is impossible for the number of Christians in Egypt to be less than twenty percent. There is a monastery in Egypt in the month of the eighth that has eight million people attending it, and the vast majority of my Christian friends have not visited it. The largest governorate in southern Egypt, half of which is Christian. The second largest governorate in Upper Egypt, 40%. Statistics show that the area with the least Copts in Egypt is Mansoura, and 17% of the students in my college in Mansoura are Christians. The largest area in all of Cairo is Shubra and is inhabited by two million people, including a million and a half Christians

[@janvanhoyk8375]

RFB, I know you have staff researchers and must spend a lot of time producing this content, but curious if you are currently doing any new research of your own? Either way, even just relating and explaining other well researched topics for a larger audience is extremely useful and appreciated.

[@ReligiosityPlus]

Fantastic video! Just what I needed for a future video! Much respect!

[@bobii379]

Very thorough and so interesting, thank you!

[@markjohnson543]

Very informative and well done. Super interesting.

[@nectanbo]

Thank you for this brilliant video - much love from a Copt 😁❤️👌🏼

[@nixylynx4510]

Amazing quantity of information ..!.. Congratulations and thank you very much.

[@moonrisegazer]

Thank you for your great videos, you are my favorite channel

[@deniseeulert2503]

I don't know what algorithim popped this up but I'm glad it did. I have studies Biblical Greek, Koine, and this adds to some of the side material about different codices.

[@magnari81]

My grandmother is a Copt from Port Said! Love from Canada 🇨🇦

[@marielademetrick290]

Amazing descriptive video!

[@MasterGeekMX]

I remember hearing that the early egyptologists like Champollion used coptic to "reverse engineer" ancient egyptian.

[@ThatBernie]

That’s true! His knowledge of Coptic was instrumental in his decipherment of hieroglyphs. At the time it was still undecided whether Coptic was descended from the ancient Egyptian language, and Champollion’s decipherment proved that it was.

[@zimriel]

Champollion needs to be elevated as a saint in all our churches

[@ehabbob5111]

that s true

[@1981bessa]

I am a coptic christian from Egypt....thank u

[@MMy-bi1ev]

If you type Copts, Google For arts and culture, you will find that it says that the percentage is more than thirty percent, and this is the percentage that Christians say is their percentage. Even the Arab Wikipedia says that their percentage is ten to twenty and used the term Nassara He said he thought their percentage was ten percent and he was mocking their beliefs I am a religious man of Muslim origin. I say that it is impossible for the number of Christians in Egypt to be less than twenty percent. There is a monastery in Egypt in the month of the eighth that has eight million people attending it, and the vast majority of my Christian friends have not visited it. The largest governorate in southern Egypt, half of which is Christian. The second largest governorate in Upper Egypt, 40%. Statistics show that the area with the least Copts in Egypt is Mansoura, and 17% of the students in my college in Mansoura are Christians. The largest area in all of Cairo is Shubra and is inhabited by two million people, including a million and a half Christians

[@jmpht854]

I used to visit Coptic Orthodox parishes and it was always interesting to see what efforts were being made to revive their ancestral language (or languages perhaps). Has there been an emphasis in the revival movement on learning one particular dialect/language - like the Bohairic used in the services - or are they working to revive several of the dialects/languages?

[@gringo3002]

Oriental Orthodox?

[@ASMM1981EGY]

I'm Egyptian Muslim I speak Coptic and Ancient Egyptian 😃🤩💙 "Oujai" Hello

[@epchoisnainan1110]

Oujai actually means goodbye not hello

[@epchoisnainan1110]

As a Coptic Christian glad you are learning Coptic though

[@jasonnugent963]

I don't consider myself religious,.. but I'm deeply appreciative that I discovered your channel. The quality and depth of knowledge you have is truly impressive. I feel educated, entertained and enriched watching your videos. Thank you so much for all the work you put into spreading your passion.

[@ahmedanubis]

Great video!👍 For those interested, The Egyptian Arabic mainly developed during the Fatimid era as Egyptians adopted Arabic in their professional lives (since Coptic became strictly liturgical and lost it's vocabular variety since it was rarely written in any non religious context) so Egyptians would speak Arabic at work and Coptic at home and slowly the dialect formed characterized by a Coptic grammar(spoken), Egyptianized Arabic words, and many Egyptian words. 🇪🇬

[@MrLantean]

Coptic and Arabic are actually related as both are members of the Afro-Asiatic family of languages. Coptic belongs to the Egyptian branch while Arabic belongs to the Semitic branch. Arabic has increasing becoming the dominant language even among the Copts themselves over the course of centuries. The last vestiges of vernacular Coptic had died out by the 16th or 17th Centuries CE though it persisted for several decades in some rural areas. Coptic is not a single language but rather a family of closely dialects descended from Ancient Egyptian language. They also differ from one another terms of their phonology, morphology, and vocabulary. These dialects are diverging from each other to become separate languages. Major dialects of Coptic are Sahidic, Bohairic, Akhmimic, Fayyumic, Lycopolitan, and Oxyrhynchite. From 325-800CE, the Sahadic dialect flourished as the literary language throughout Egypt. The Coptic language preserved by the Coptic Church is the Bohairic dialect which was spoken in the Nile Delta. In recent decades, there are attempts and proposals to revive Coptic as a vernacular. It will not be easy as vernacular Coptic has been extinct for around 400-500 years. Coptic linguistic experts can create a standardized form of vernacular Coptic by combining the phonology, morphology, and vocabulary of all known dialects of Coptic. New terms, words and phrases can be created from archaic Coptic ones as well as giving them new meaning. The most practical approach is to adopt loanwords from other languages preferably related languages. Since Coptic and Arabic are related, loanwords will be predominantly derived from Arabic as it is the language of all Egyptians(Christians and Muslims).

[@terminator1694]

It was forced not adopted and punishment was cutting tongue. Nice taqiya 👍

[@umii-jh5fr]

@@terminator1694 THANK YOU,‼️

[@ahmedanubis]

@@terminator1694 Arw you really generlizing a 25 year period on 1400 years?!

[@ministeriosemmanuel638]

Coptic is a very interesting language! Gonna learn it. Please do a video on the Aramaic language

[@gringo3002]

There needs to be more videos on Aram and the Arameans.

[@believeinpeace]

So much to learn. Thank you for the education

[@shaolin1derpalm]

Nice and easy to understand. Good vid.

[@worldcitizeng6507]

You really know your subjects 🤓 I met acfew coptic Egyptian in Aswan, Luxor, Cairo during my Egypt journey in September 2021

[@youtherthyfproduction5005]

THANK YOU i love this video. btw we in egypt also use some coptic words in everyday arabic like shabora(fog)

[@citationneeded-hy9iz]

Excellent work! You should come to Egypt and see the amazing sites attributed to the journey of the Holy Family, and the ancient monasteries which have been in continuous operation since 300AD.

[@Carlos-ln8fd]

Your videos are so amazing thanks

[@happymisterbad]

“From Moscow to Michigan” is a great phrase

[@dr.banoub9233]

Fun fact- The word *_Copt_* is anglicized from the original ancient Egyptian words _Ka Ptah_ which meant the ‘Energy of Ptah’.

[@MaximilianOOO491]

I had to subscribe after this very informative video. The relationship between history and language is fascinating

[@spirituallevelofbeing7308]

He made a mistake on the age of the Coptic text the Greek version was written around the 4th century or just before the Coptic version was dated around the beginning of the first century or late firs century to the beginning of the second it was copied from an even Earlier copy that has been lost to time its older then the new testament I discuss these subjects and I upload ancient scriptures one love and many blessings peace ✌

[@annawolf8172]

Love waking up to a brand new history lesson while I make my coffee

[@thesinfultictac5704]

A young Egyptian boy was using an old text to do spells and make charms. Eventually his stern Coptic Orthodox mother caught him in his wizardry and shamed him saying. I don't like you messing around with those texts, its Demotic!

[@wmdkitty]

Ugh, take my upvote.

[@user-pv4mn6dn6d]

While sorcery is not something practiced by Copts, it was widely practiced in rural Fellahin Egyptian villages.

[@-amel-9896]

​@@user-pv4mn6dn6dunfortunate it's still practiced today in Egypt too... As an Egyptian I have heard so many cases of family being put under sorcery spells by others with harmful intentions... Some actual egyptologists higher them to break the spells from pharaonic antiquities as well, it's just very hidden off

[@brianhenry7348]

(no relation, that I know of) Love your videos and this is no exception. You must hear it a lot that you do very well discussing topics academically but presenting the information accessibly. I've watched/read some stuff on the Urim and Thummim from sources I'm less trustful of (admittedly, that means what? Just that I haven't watched them before? still). Knowing essentially nothing about them (or, tangentially related, what, if any, significance there was to the selection of precious stones making the breastplate), I would LOVE to hear you speak on that subject. That's assuming there's even enough scholastically credited knowledge about them to make an entire video. In any case, thanks for your work.

[@M4th3u54ndr4d3]

I have syrian jewish ancestry. There are many explanations. They explained to me that Urim and Thumim were two carnelian stones in the clothes of our high priest. One more lighter and one more darker, they were used for answering questions. The name of God written in ancient letters would glow depending on the answer. You can read the description of the garments of the high priest made by Flavius Josephus, who was a priest in times of the destruction of Jerusalem in 1c.e. But in second temple period, the stones didnt glowed because of the sins of the people.

[@M4th3u54ndr4d3]

Sorry about my english

[@brianhenry7348]

@@M4th3u54ndr4d3 Thanks. What you describe is what one of the videos described as the methodology, though it was also described by another as incorrect. Hence the confusion. Neither of these examples was the kind of video to cite their sources so it'd be nice to hear from ReligionForBreakfast who does.

[@ParisAndreou]

Love your new, more "together" and calm look! That's the way!

[@georgejackson3114]

We should start to learn this again !

[@prchdm]

It always fascinates me that the last 1000 years of Egypt's history before the Arab conquest, it was Hellenised in a large degree.

[@gringo3002]

From what I understand, the Greeks conquered a large area, at one time.

[@prchdm]

@Gringo300 * yeah, most of the known world at that time. From the Danube river in the Balkans to Indus river in India and from the steppes of Central Asia to the Sahara Desert.

[@gringo3002]

@@prchdm Also, from what I understand, there were a lot of people who weren't ethnic Greek who were fluent in Greek at that time. Another thing, from what I understand, Arabs started out in a much smaller area and gradually conquered more and more area.

[@ahmedelkhwaga2751]

Muslims not arabs

[@Faisal-pb5gu]

@@ahmedelkhwaga2751 They were Arab Muslims The ethnic and cultural identity of the early conquerors should not be ignored on the pretext that they only wanted to spread religion

[@peterfarhat5767]

Hello I am Egyptian, Amazing job but I would like to correct a small mistake , Pope Cyril the Sixth is pronounced as Pope Kyrillos the sixth as the name originally from the letter “ K “ Kappa not “ C “ Cema

[@peterfarhat5767]

Btw Some families still till now Speak Coptic as their mother tongue, I can speak it but unfortunately wasn’t my mother tongue

[@zimriel]

He's translating for a Latin audience, this is how Latins pronounce this name today. Likewise Copts have their pronunciation of Greek names which do not match how Greeks spoke at the time

[@alechorn1109]

Another great one. Thanks

[@javierderivero9299]

Ireally like your video...great explanation

[@ralphbaier7793]

You span quite a couple of topics as a scholar. Hats off.

[@samywaleed9545]

Proud to be Coptic ❤️🇪🇬

[@raymonko]

Pls be proud of what you achieve, not how you were born as. No one chooses where they get born.

[@cavithalilparlak2264]

@@raymonko And why is that ? Why can't you be proud of your ancestors' accomplishment ?

[@raymonko]

@@cavithalilparlak2264 As I mentioned because we don't choose how we are born! And creating pride based on nationality and racial basis creates all kinds of issues including prejudices against others. Looking back to determine how privileged we are had proven to be detrimental. I know it sounds benign but it is not.

[@andersonchan4063]

Awesome sharing!

[@user-eh6th9wj5k]

Great content!

[@genavialts3058]

I'm so early yay. Been curious about Coptic for a while. So yay

[@alanfenick1103]

Wish you taught World Religions when I was in college! A little overwhelming, but quite understandable! Thanks

[@sharlkaiser5095]

Thanks for your explanation.

[@HassanRadwan133]

Excellent, thanks!

[@nash.p9781]

Good to see you value the Coptic language as an important historical language. You may not know it but you are a friend to the Coptic Orthodox Church.

[@theosisinstituteofhealinga6528]

Thank you. An excellent presentation.

[@screwyourhandle]

Idk when this became a linguistics channel but I am here for it

[@ranashehab5864]

I am an Egyptian ... we are really proud of our history ❤️ 🇪🇬

[@maryloudascoli]

As did the ancient Greeks and Romans.

[@robertolang9684]

europeans starting by the romans tried to ocult until our days the greatness of egypt as a great civilization , there is lots of countries in south europe populated bby egyptian tribes

[@Botkilla2K12]

I'm glad coptic was able to survive in one form or another. It's our last living connection to the ancient Egyptians. In a way it's a testament to the resilience of their culture that even after 5000yrs and numerous foreign conquests, something has survived from their former glory.

[@1mmemorial]

Neither the coptic nor the arabic people have any correlation to ancient egyptians, sure you both share a little DNA with them but both of you are nowhere close to a pure egyptian. You are more bryzantine then anything else.

[@1mmemorial]

The only reason you're "the closest" to ancient egyptians is not by DNA or ancestry but through tradition of paganism.

[@LincolnDWard]

@@1mmemorial you do realize that the Coptic churches preserving the ancient language are Christian, not pagan?

[@LincolnDWard]

@@1mmemorial Also, ancestry connection would mean basically nothing after this much time. The Egyptian kingdoms were long enough ago that it's likely everyone on Earth is descended from at least one Pharaoh. Cultural connections are much more significant, and that's what the Coptic Christians are preserving through their language.

[@robbabcock_]

Great video!

[@eloutsider4853]

Thanks for the video I am an Egyptian. And it's the first time to know these informations about Coptic language which is still be used in the Coptic churches ceremonies even there's a vallige in upper Egypt people still use it there . And I got to know few words : ))

[@teovu5557]

we blacks are the true Egyptians you are just arab invaders. jk jk lol

[@makslargu5799]

4:51 interesting graphic because the λ being shown in Coptic is just the lower case Λ in Greek, same with the ξ is just the lower case Ξ and ω is the lower case Ω. I have seen the Cyrillic looking c before as a stylized σ/ς in some Greek scripts. It’s really interesting that in Greek some of the capitals can look really different from their lower case counterparts but in Coptic to make something a capital it looks like the approach is to just make the letter bigger.

[@nathanjohnwade2289]

The Coptic alphabet is based on the ancient version of the Greek alphabet, since then the two alphabet have diverged somewhat, for a number of reasons.

[@supermavro6072]

Coptic and Greek are the similar languages and similar people.

[@nathanjohnwade2289]

@@supermavro6072 I attend a Coptic Orthodox Church, and I can say that, other than writing systems, the Coptic language is quite different to Greek, in fact, the Coptic language is just Ancient Egyptian written in a modified Greek alphabet, that's all. As for similarities in cultures, how? I can't see it.

[@supermavro6072]

@@nathanjohnwade2289 I sometimes think they are singing in Greek when I hear Coptic hymns. Coptic feels like Greek dialect.

[@nathanjohnwade2289]

@@supermavro6072 Yes, Greek is sometimes used, which is probably what you are hearing, however, the bulk is in Coptic, which is a form of ancient Egyptian written in a modified ancient Greek alphabet.