Crusades From the Byzantine Perspective - Medieval History DOCUMENTARY

[@pseudomonas03]

There is an old Greek folk song from Thessaly, which was a lament for the Fall of Constantinople in 1453, created a few years afterwards, and it says at a certain point, "μέσα με δέρνει ο θάνατος, ν' οξω με δέρνει ο Τούρκος, κι από την δεξιά μου την πλευρά Φράγκος με πολεμάει"... i.e, "from inside i was hit by death (implying the decadent situation of the state), from outside i was hit by the Turks, and from my right flank, the Franks fight against me". This folk song it's amazing because it gives the idea of how the simple people were still fiercely against the Latins, almost 3 centuries after the Crusades, and it summons perfectly in few words the situtation and the history of the last 4 centuries of the Eastern Roman Empire, and the war on two fronts, against the Latins and the Turks.

[@dudenamedhero]

Better the Turkish turban than the Papal tiara.

[@pseudomonas03]

@@dudenamedhero And at the end the disaster came by both of them, but mainly from inside...

[@acidboyssuper3446]

@@dudenamedhero better in our own

[@ahmetcan7979]

@@dudenamedhero as I Turk I much prefer unity of anatolia

[@BasileusRex]

Sad but elegant and beautiful

[@byzantinetales]

History IS always told from someone's point of view. I am so glad Byzantium is getting the attention it deserves lately!

[@zamirroa]

Byzantine empire ? Anhh you mean Basileia Rhomaion " Roman Empire"

[@user-sc5iv2rp2t]

@@zamirroa Have you ever read a single source from the prototype? Both Anna Komnena and Choniates use the term Byzantion for the state extensively. If someone is bored to search it in the Greek prototype I will be glad to quote below the exact passages for you.

[@ilias8972]

@@zamirroa Βασιλεία Ρωμαίων (Basileia Rhomaion), Ρωμαίων Αρχή (Rhomaion Arché) or Κράτος Ρωμαίων (Kratos Rhomaion) were all names of Byzantine state but in order for better understanding we call it Byzantine Empire because that's how it is known worldwide. Someone who is unfamiliar with its history might misunderstand it.

[@user-sc5iv2rp2t]

Alexiad 2.6.6, second book. "Βυζαντιω" describes the state. That is for starter. Alexiad has 15 books.

[@ilias8972]

@@user-sc5iv2rp2t You misunderstand the term Byzantion. It is used for the city, not for the state. For example Constantine Porhyrogennitos uses it in "Περί Θεμάτων" when he describes the city. Literally, all the works of Byzantines describe the state as "Ρωμαίων Αρχή". You mentioned for example Anne Comnene. In her " Alexiad", book A,1, in literally the first verse she writes: "Ὁ βασιλεὺς Αλέξιος καὶ ἐμὸς πατὴρ καὶ πρὸ τοῦ τῶν σκήπτρων ἐπειλῆφθαι τῆς βασιλείας μέγα ὄφελος τῇ βασιλείᾳ Ρωμαίων γεγένηται... " We see that she writes: "βασιλείᾳ Ρωμαίων". Such names for the Byzantine Empire are full in all the works of Byzantines, from Prokopius to Anne Komnene.

[@msb8792]

It’s very fascinating that in many ways a heavy sense of Byzantine identity still exists until today; I’m not sure how prevalent it is in Greece, but I’m from the Levant, and a Byzantine identification is still very heavily present for many Christians from the Greek Orthodox Church (Byzantine Orthodox Church). If you come from a family that’s part of that community, so many elements of your world and Childhood are ingrained in Byzantine elements, including art, chant, music, terminology, and lots of other things …etc. Also adding to that fact, the local Arabic name for the community is still “Rūm Orthodox”, meaning “Orthodox Romans”.

[@GeoBBB123]

Greeks today consider themselves very much to be the direct descendants of the Byzantine 'Romans'

[@Νευμαράκης]

Hello my brother. The state and the greek oligarchs are focus on the classical period because they are little bitches of the west. And the modern west is all about the ancient Greeks, democracy etc. But In reality the average Greek (even an atheist) feels much closer to the Byzantine indentity which is normal. How Is the Rum community in Levant ?

[@forgetful9845]

Where are you from?

[@GeoBBB123]

@@forgetful9845 I'm a Greek living in Australia.

[@guglielmovalentino8626]

I'm from Salentos in far south Italy, here people speak a language called Griko that it is essentially a Greece dialect, similar to Koinè the main language during byzantine era, here we respect Constantinople's history, I suggest to all of you to come here in Otranto/Hydruntos and join 💪

[@alexk7973]

I really like how throughout the video, the Eastern Romans are called Romans, as they would have called themselves, not Byzantines, what they were called by others later…

[@alexk7973]

I also always enjoy seeing the maps with all the borders and nations of the day. I appreciate that you don‘t just annotate the immediate region you talk about in the video, but so much further out as well. It might not be pertinent to the content of this video, how borders were drawn at the time in the British Isles or the Iberian Peninsula, but I frequently pause the video, just to take a closer look and to remind myself of what was happening in other places at the time. Generally speaking, modern society likes to believe that globalization is a new phenomenon and matters were kept much more local or regional „way back when“, but really, the Crusades are a great example of how interconnected life and people were even „way back then“.

[@alexk7973]

it does underline their worldview and personal convictions, though. To them, even though that Rome was no where near the territory they held, they were the Romans. The real Romans. Everyone else were Barbarians. The name „Byzantines“ doesn‘t have the same meaning.

[@maxion5109]

really the term Byzantine refers to the *culture* of the eastern Romans as observed by western Renaissance scholars during the 16th-century and by that time it had long seized to be a political reality. The scholar who coined the term Byzantium was Hieronymus Wolf and for him it was supposed to highlight a Christian culture with roots in a pre-Christian past, not empire, even though it had been. It hints at an identity-shift in culture that according to some historians started around the time of Justinian, (6th-century), roughly around the time of the beginning ot the Early Medieval Period. I assume by this argument is that simply too much had changed in the East for them to justifiably be called Romans and Romans only, and that "Rome" is something that always will be synonymous with the Classical Civilization of the ancient world, i.e Ancient Rome, and doesn't belong to the Middle Ages. Political realities, successions and governments nothwithstanding. I don't claim to have an answer to these questions. They are raised by different historians and i'm sure there are differing views on this among them depending on who you ask/read.

[@ampeerprime421]

If you no longer exist, people will call you and say about you whatever they like.

[@oliet9947]

You might be interested to know that although the term Byzantine was created centuries before, it only became widely adopted in Academia during the Crimean War when it was feared in the West that the Russians would create a puppet state based on the Eastern Roman Empire (the war started by Russia invading the Ottoman Empire). Byzantium was a deliberately empty term deployed for political reasons to derive the Eastern Roman Empire of any unifying identity and so undermine any attempt by Russia to re-create it. I learned about this from one of Antony Kaldellis’s podcasts - the academic who wrote Romanland and has most promoted the Roman identity of the Eastern Roman Empire

[@expandedhistory]

Fun fact: The word ‘Crusades’, wasn’t used when the wars first started. Sanctioned by the church, the Crusades were simply military expeditions. They got their current meaning in the late 18th century. The root of the word goes back to the 16th-century French word croisade, which essentially means ‘marked with the cross’.

[@infinitysck8094]

Wow I actually never knew this, thank you! Also your channel isn’t to bad itself, great content. You earned a new sub!

[@overlord5068]

Catholic here and proud of what happened

[@kontrarevolucijonar7764]

Almost all historical expressions and names are terms

[@sa25-svredemption98]

Exactly. Although religious belief was a key motivator for recruitment, they were fundamentally (and especially in the first and last Crusades) geopolitical conflicts with significant impacts on commerce and economics, strategic positioning, access to resources, etc. In reality, no different to many other wars fought without core religious or ideological motivations. For the first few Crusades, the term "police action" might very well have been applied by contemporaries, had such a term existed back then! The last few, obviously, were existential wars regarding the future existence of the Balkans and Europe (including the Siege of Vienna).

[@pogo8050]

PepoG

[@koolaid255]

I had to pause it dead on the 2 minute mark to stop and tell you how visually stunning that map looks....I subscribed around the 800,000 members days and since then the quality of your videos has multiplied immeasurably....thank you and thank you again!!

[@christianweibrecht6555]

The maps are the reason why I subscribed and watch the videos instead of just listening

[@koolaid255]

@@christianweibrecht6555 Roger that....I'm with ya....but hell I still listen to it while I'm "historiographing" myself to sleep....that narrator could put a tweaked out crack monster to sleep with his smooth ass "furthermores"!!!! Keep it up KAG!!

[@huseyincobanoglu531]

I always thought Conquering Constantinople by the Ottomans was a massive success. But now I understand it was already destroyed within. Thank you Kings and Generals Team for this amazing documentary.

[@vulkunne1542]

Correct. Manzikert, ie... Sultanate of Rum was really the end of them. Sad though, didn't have to be that way but they could not manage their internal corruption and because of this the leadership that did care could not stand against the Turks. A better foreign policy and a little respect might have put a stop to the Turk invasions before they even started as they were more interested in conquering Syria/Egypt areas... at first.

[@huseyincobanoglu531]

@@vulkunne1542 The Byzantium leadership that took notice of the Turkish threat was betrayed by their own and even after the Sultan spared the defeated Emporers life and realised him (which is unbelievable by the way for such an era) the Emporer returned home only to be captured and tortured. And yes, Turks never intended to establish themselves in Anatolia but almost invited to do so by disorder of the Empire. I think if it wasn't the Turks it would have certainly be the Bulgars or the Latins that took over. Ofcourse we will never know.

[@vulkunne1542]

@@huseyincobanoglu531 Yeah that's true.

[@alex3987654]

@@huseyincobanoglu531 Manzikert was a disaster because Byzantium lost eastern and part of central Anatolia. But what really destroyed the Empire was the fourth crusade, we see that after Mantzkert, with a competent emperor,, eastern empire found the strenghs to counter attack. But with the fall of Constantinople, it wasn't possible anymore, Venice took a huge place in the garden if Byzantines and it was too strong for the future Emperor. As usual with Byzantines, it's not the miliary defeat the disaster but the political mess just after.... Siege of Constantinople in 1453 is a real joke when you have in mind what was the city in 1204 or during the 12 century,.

[@huseyincobanoglu531]

@@alex3987654 couldn't agree more

[@jeremy1860]

The Byzantines had a lot of bad times in their history, and having the crusaders rampaging around their lands is definitely one of them 😟

[@hasantorun5410]

Exactly they were than us(Turks). Moreover they are the reason fall of byzantine empire, they destroyed st.ramonos gate(edirnekapi in Turkish) that was point Ottomans attacked and conquered the city. Even if Turks have taken costantinople they did not destroyed any historical monument or church(except hypodrom), they just converted churchs to mosque.

[@midgetporn9735]

@@hasantorun5410 which is sad. hope the greeks retains constantinople.

[@hasantorun5410]

@@midgetporn9735 in their dreams maybe.

[@dragonborn3283]

@@midgetporn9735 ha ha ha... let them try

[@LinusIslamTips]

@@midgetporn9735 thanks for your thoughts midget porn

[@kadaltokek3953]

2:05, that was Liutprand mistake, he insulted Basileus by addresing his Emperor as King of the Romans while everyone knows even England in that time, Basileus was the real King of the Romans

[@stephenjenkins7971]

Except that Liutprand was horribly insulted and mistreated long before that; he was likely using such language BECAUSE of his mistreatment.

[@lesROKnoobz]

@@stephenjenkins7971 he was a subhuman barbarian. He deserved the insults

[@stephenjenkins7971]

@MrKILLINOOBZ Then I guess the Byzantines paid the price for their arrogance later. Congrats.

[@Based_ippokrates]

I am a huge fan of Greek history, as a Greek myself and have seen every single video of your channel about Greek history during my lunchtime. I appreciated every moment of them because they are so accurate and objective. For the byzantine part of history (I prefer to say the Romeiko part of history but is widely known as Byzantine) I have read numerous books with the most notable being the "history of the byzantine empire" of A. Vasiliev, and your videos depict the best what i have read in an animated way. Therefore I have to say a great thank you for your work, keep up with those great efforts and I hope someday a filmmaker company to make a film for this fascinating part of history which is literally non-existent.

[@majormarketing6552]

Byzantine a term given by Rome’s enemies out of jealousy. England, France, Spain, Italy, Libya, Egypt, Israel, Syria, Turkey, Bulgaria, and Albania (and more) all hate Eastern Rome for many reasons. Their elite know their power belongs to Rome not them. To make everyone forget, they call you Byzantine

[@AstralisSirius]

So you Greeks truly feel Romans…mad respect from a Roman himself. Una faccia una razza 🇮🇹❤️🇬🇷

[@Based_ippokrates]

@@AstralisSirius 🇮🇹❤️🇬🇷

[@ionutpaun9828]

Anthony Kaldellis has a new book on the Eastern Roman Empire coming up soon. Should be more up date than A. Vasiliev's books.

[@sprc155]

@@AstralisSirius IT---> Lombard (not Roman xD)

[@fatirkuh]

This occupation caused Istanbul/Constantinapole to lose its Byzantine architecture. Many artifacts and structures from Byzantium were either looted, plundered or vandalized. Along with this occupation, many artifacts were smuggled to Europe. The quadrigo bronze horse statues in St. Marco's Basilica, the tetrahi statues, the bronze works of the walled obelisk in Sultanahmet Square are just a few of the known ones. The priceless wealth of Istanbul/Constantinapole was unfortunately extinguished by the crusaders. Only a few valuable items were preserved, but compared to what was lost, almost nothing was preserved. Imagine that many works from Istanbul now decorate buildings, structures, streets or palaces in Europe. And almost everyone who sees it says, "Oh, how beautifully made." says. But they do not know that they are the wealth of Istanbul/Constantinapole and Byzantium.

[@majormarketing6552]

Warlords with their selfish greed for power robbed everyone of massive wealth. Those riches were because one massive roman empire economy building for 1k years. Many wonders were built at the height in antiquity. But countless countries including yours is ran by morons who rather have sole power of a small state than see everyone united. They rather destroy shit than let things continue building. If constantinople never had plague or fallen (even as a small corrupt state), it would by far be the riches city in the world today

[@fatirkuh]

In this comment I wanted to emphasize the horror of the crusader raids in Istanbul/Constantinopole. You looked at it from a political point of view. Also, I don't understand why you want people to be united. People are made up of different races and tribes. Their religions, traditions and even food cultures are different. Therefore, they do not have a common goal and therefore it is only natural that they want to live by establishing small states. But when they occupy each other's land, they have to respect what the people of other cultures have built there and what is sacred. The plunder mentality, just like the crusaders, does not respect this and burns and even steals those holy ones. Unlike your opinion, I don't think countless rulers and states act with this looting mentality. If it were, the temple of Zeus in the ancient city of Aizanoi would have been destroyed long ago or you wouldn't be able to see the pyramids in Egypt and Sudan. Or you couldn't see the Ziggurats in Iraq and therefore you wouldn't know what great architects societies like the Sumerians and Babylonians were. I think it has to do with the intellectuality of these societies, and in the 10-12th centuries European societies were not intellectual enough and therefore thought ignorantly and cruelly. Or as an other example you can count the Mongols. Genghis Khan may have been a war genius, but he was too culturally ignorant and cruel. Ancient Mesopotamian cities such as Persepolis and Baghdad unfortunately suffered greatly from his cruelty, and the result is massive destruction and plunder.

[@hanzup4117]

Thank you, Kings and Generals for yet another answer to a question I never knew I wanted an answer to.

[@bevenaflame]

I've been following KnG back since 2015. Am so proud to see how this channel has grown and continues growing!

[@MateusToussaint]

This is so sad... It is like a quote from Silmarillion "But of bliss and glad life there is little to be said, before it ends; as works fair and wonderful, while still they endure for eyes to see, are their own record, and only when they are in peril or broken for ever do they pass into song"

[@EloiFL]

Gràcies!

[@marcusmacris464]

Greco Roman world destroyed and plundered from all sides and from within, is truly a tragedy.

[@majormarketing6552]

Sounds like what happened to the Western Roman Empire as well. Stand united or fall divided

[@zaboomafool1911]

Alexios inviting the crusaders is like when you invite a friend over you haven't seen in years, then you realize how much they've changed and that you actually can't stand them.

[@alex3987654]

And at the end this dear friend burn your house and r.. your wife !

[@charlesedwardandrewlincoln8181]

This is incredible! I would love to have an even more detailed account of the events regarding the Byzantine empire around this time and the crusades in general.

[@gtsep_the_mapper]

I love how this chanel actually does Byzantine history stuff

[@GnosticInformant]

This is seriously one of the greatest channels of all time

[@snicket87]

Bizantines are so relevant tô our western Society, but also so neglected in history teachings. Thank you for the vídeo! Great job!!

[@majormarketing6552]

Because everyone hated them. The holy roman empire exists to mock it. Guess who writes their history? Pretenders to roman territories. They have 0 interest in legitimizing Rome ever again. In fear, call them Byzantine. And Greek leaders dont want to give up power either, they rather keep their weak ancient greek culture instead of letting the ruler of spain hold roman power because he has its paper rights.

[@aarondemiri486]

historical perspective is so fascinating whatever book or video on history I read or watch I find myself rooting for someone or a side and then when I'm given the others sides story I root for them against those whom I originally supported. History is so marred in grey complexity I find it so enjoyable being shown both sides. Very rarely is one side overwhelming in the right.

[@drakehashimoto685]

True, though to prevent any bias, I tend to perceive the sides through a, through much effort, objective perspective.Historical nuances and intricacies make history quite a treat if I may say.

[@nikospapadopoulos1041]

You fail to mention at the beginning that the wrath and treatment (even short imprisonment) by the rough and soldier like Nicephoros Phokas of Liutprand of Cremona was instigated by the latter's addressing the Emperor(Basileus) as Emperor of the Greeks and not with his proper title as Emperor of the Romans.

[@tylerellis9097]

To be fair, he was treated rough from the Start. But that’s also because he was a diplomat of the HRE who was at War with them and a turncoat from the Kingdom of Italy, Byzantium’s ally destroyed by Otto. And to be fair the HRE had the balls to send a diplomat making demands when the Byzantines were beating that Holy Roman Ass in a war they didn’t start.

[@drakehashimoto685]

Eastern Roman history, among other histories, is always a treat for me, given that I've been studying roman history for years now and so watching these vids Kings and Generals, again, among others is always refreshing, especially when looking at those attractive maps ;)

[@abcdef27669]

Crusades from western perspective: “Lerooooooy Jenkins!” Crusades from muslim perspective: “WTF is that?!” Crusades from Byzantine perspective: “(Chuckles) I’m in danger…”.

[@remilenoir1271]

@@vitorpereira9515 It was more so about their political power than a need for money. Philippe le Bel saw the Templar organisation as a state in the state which threatened the centralised monarchical power; the fact that they were rich and the wealth that was to be gained in dissolving the order was only a happy consequence of that.

[@Remus-z6y]

Pretty cool to see a different view of the Crusades, would love more of these types of videos!

[@HistoryfortheAges]

You guys always make amazing content. Keep it up.

[@hjc1402]

8:43 “he had the difficult task of filling his fathers shoes and restoring balance to the empire” Ah yes my favorite line from Star Wars.

[@amienabled6665]

I'm no history expert but I have a weird feeling that the Byzantines had a negative view on the fourth crusade.

[@obaidaserdar1780]

Of every crusade since the first .... they were supportive of it at the start but they witnessed many cases of looting which prompted them to despise the crusaders however political leaders didn't hate it untill things went south with Antioch

[@tylerellis9097]

@@obaidaserdar1780 Yeah the First Crusade had the full support of the Byzantine army and navy with both in unison until Antioch. People forget Byzantine officials and Guides were with the Crusaders. Everything went to shit when that Deserter misled Alexios.

[@obaidaserdar1780]

@@tylerellis9097 they had the support of the leadership not the peasants ...the peasants were very supportive at the start but as soon as the soldiers started abusing the land they are passing by the people of eastern empire detested them You have to understand that crusaders thought of eastern Christians as heretics and Latinised their churches or destroyed it and massacred many of them ... something caused many eastern Christians to fight to the side of Muslims

[@tylerellis9097]

@@obaidaserdar1780 There is no recorded massacres of an Orthodox Town in the first Crusade, the crusader army was trailed by a Byzantine one when it went through Byzantine territory. One town was by Massacred by Bohemond when he went off course but it was a Paulican Town which the Catholics actually considered Heretics. Same with the 2nd no Orthodox towns were massacred. We also know Native townsmen tried to swindle the Crusaders. Byzantine sources tell Manuel In the 2nd told his governors to inflate grain prices when the Crusaders arrived in Bulgaria. Their pillaging wasn’t always unjustified. There was no widespread persecution and harassment Of Orthodoxs by Catholics until after the 4th Crusade. Orthodox Greek Churches in Italy were allowed to operate in Greek with no persecution from the Normans or Church until the 1200s. There was mistrust and cultural differences between the sides but it wasn’t due to their faiths yet. Hungary and Croatia also got pillaged by crossing Crusading Armies despite being Catholic. The Third Crusade was a mess on both sides and Serbian/Bulgarian interaction flaring things up alongside Byzantine countermoves didn’t help. And peasants aren’t the ones writing our sources. Educated Priests and Officals safe in Constantinople, Thessaloniki and other Urban walled Cities were.

[@obaidaserdar1780]

@@tylerellis9097 the massacres I have mentioned was against the Levant Christians however records of peasants resentment exists in the Assyrian records of churches which is by the way does care about peasants not just rulers ...again yeah rulers weren't annoyed till fourth crusade but public opinion didn't support the crusades ....that opinion is eventually what led to the Byzantine power struggle to take place More over the prices inflation is normal when armies pass an area with out proper rationing which was the lesson crusaders learned the hard way ...and it wasn't in anyway a justification for the acts in Hungary

[@RexOlafusVidulusMagnus]

18:12 Władysław III had an enormous potential as a ruler, and could've potentially taken Byznatium under his protection... But of course he had to change the course of history by dying like the 20-year old idiot he was (says an 18 year old, none the wiser)

[@LordVelari]

And would be so cool to see Hunyadi as the new king of Bulgaria. Ō all the missed opportunities…

[@V-man117]

As a Greek, this kind of topics break my heart 💔

[@SwedishSinologyNerd]

Heck, I'm Swedish and I think the slow, torturous decline and fall of Byzantium is one of the saddest points in European history...

[@Rissamlu]

@@SwedishSinologyNerd On the other hand, it lasted a thousand years. That is a kind of stability other nations dream of, even if there was slow decline.

[@Rissamlu]

One day we'll all pray together in the Hagia Sophia

[@lamborghiniurus2660]

You mean as eastrean roman *

[@edim_35gs]

Greek proverb "You get used to the cold" Thank you Atatürk, he taught you how to swim.

[@gelisgeo1309]

Pope John Paul II during his visit to Athens 2001 apologize and ask for mercy to Greek Patriarch for Crusaders in 1204 "we turned against the brothers in Christ." sayd. Pope Francis in Athens (2021) repeated this apology to the Greeks

[@ChristopherThrawn-el3sz]

As always Excellent 👍👌

[@BattleHistories]

Well done, another great video on another interesting piece of history!

[@ricocampos1331]

Great video! 👏👏👏

[@napoleonibonaparte7198]

Luitpuld was treated like that because they don’t recognise his empire as Rome or as Emperor of the Romans.

[@yesihsaid]

Nice to see, I learnt a lot with this one again 👍

[@barnabaszu]

fantastic work

[@SchererDesigns]

Love this content!

[@0ak3nshi3ld88]

I've been wondering about this. Excellent "historical detective" work.

[@robbabcock_]

Another amazing video from Kings & Generals! 😎⚔🙏

[@jmvm31]

Love this channel! Best thing on youtube.

[@Louis-ji3sn]

Thanks, absolutely can't wait for more Crusader stuff!

[@michaelheater1969]

As always this is another great video from you

[@grahamturner1290]

Fascinating stuff, thanks!

[@Primetiime32]

Thanks for the upload

[@Uzair_Of_Babylon465]

Fantastic video keep it up your doing amazing job

[@mahinahmed4002]

Another wonderful video

[@carlodius7035]

Does anyone know the background music starting at 6:30

[@georgiok.6407]

Ioannes Cinnamos' history (επιτομή ιστοριών) is an amazing work. From all the writers you have mentioned Cinnamos, in my oppinion, is better because he emphasizes to military issues instead of the court.

[@Newidhan]

800 years and I'm still not over it. Why do I keep watching videos about 1204.

[@majormarketing6552]

Because Rome still is the envy of the world. Even if we recreated it, we can never replace the networking and economy built over a thousand years that Constantinople had. Even then, they were weaker than during Antiquity where it afforded so many wonders that people are still in awe of today because they were united. Now we are run by weak leaders and separated as English, French, Italians, Libyans, Egyptians, Israeli, Syrians, Turks, Albanians, Bulgarians, Ukrainian, Greek, and more. We used to Roman and better for it.

[@arturoliveira748]

Very good documentary 👍👍👍

[@silasbishop3055]

Well Done!

[@24Nasorangmal]

Good video

[@dshock85]

I don't care what anyone says....its 2000 years of Roman history....Roman tragedy....

[@MegaMayday16]

I live in the city of Cologne in Germany. The city was founded by the Romans as Colonia Claudia Ara Agrippinensis. During medieval times it was part of the holy Roman empire and the language was German. Here is a church that has the tomp of a Greek aristocratic lady. Her name is theophanu. She was sent from Constantinople to marry the German Kaiser they appreciated her as daughter of the advances and civilized roman empire and they hoped that that will give Legitimation to their empire

[@CSSPMSwithMuhammadAli]

Very informative videos

[@desssval]

Great series.

[@0lazarov]

Tarihi anlatimlari cok seviyorum. Basiralirinizin devamini diliyorum🫡

[@Mc-attac]

The Palaiologian period gave significant and wonderful art despite the bad condition of the empire

[@-RONNIE]

Thanks for the information 👍🏻

[@mowm88]

John Komnenus deserves a standalone video guys.

[@alex3987654]

Totally agree, excellent Roman Emperor but was here between two more famous rulers.

[@HellenicWolf]

good one

[@jaylo9421]

Sounds like someone was pumping helium into your sound studio during this recording ;)

[@imd8875]

I see ERE on the map (not Byzantine Empire), I instantly hit like! Now, let’s watch) And yeah, thanks for the content, guys!

[@istvansipos9940]

09:20 how do the borders of Rum make any sense? I mean, how can a country be landlocked all over the place with such a narrow ring around it, not making any successful push to any shore so near? And, to approach the question from another angle, how is that ring defendable? thank you

[@MegaMayday16]

Check out a map of turkeys topography. You might find the answer there are mountain

[@danielcuevas5899]

2:07 wasn’t it nikephoros 1st not the 2nd that insulted the germanic king?

[@ofi1238]

15:58 would appreciated if you would have a link of a mentioned video.

[@KingsandGenerals]

kzbin.info/www/bejne/q2jClqp9i9Rpa80

[@muazzamshaikh2049]

I wonder if Constantinople would've been captured by the Turks had the relations between Byzantines and the West been good. As Will Durant said, no civilization is destroyed from outside until it has destroyed itself from inside.

[@majormarketing6552]

Not a chance

[@Smithington_]

There is an editing error at 1:19.

[@direwoulf1663]

Have you done an episode on Shaka Zulu? I always admired the story of a bastard born son hated from birth becoming a leader by his own right and uniting dozens of long warring tribes under his rule

[@JOGA_Wills]

Yeah they have not really touched the race for Africa or whatever the hell they call it .. oh scramble

[@kyisin7457]

Eight centuries had passed since the Crusaders sacked Constantinople, yet watching it all unfold still filled me with a deep sense of loss. I’m not even Greek or Christian, but as a young history student, I can hardly bear the weight of what was lost 😢

[@r.filipesilva3896]

Name of song from 2:00 Thank you

[@anonymos59]

This must be an example for reading history from all perspectives.Then you figure out what is happening. Whoever read Byzantine history, will realize the issues of this region.

[@qwertyguy12345]

"The Catholic Constantine XI' - is this correct? Was under the impression he followed Orthodoxy but was willing to accept his churches subservience to the Latin rite.

[@gonzaloalvarezpalomino6449]

Do we have crusades from crusaders perspective?

[@Muradmb1986]

You are the best YT channel ever .. best of puck

[@brokenbridge6316]

I will always like and appreciate another point of view when it comes to history. And it seems to be that both the Byzantines and the Western Europeans were laboring under misconceptions and arrogance about the other in equal measure. Such things always lead to tragedy. And did. (Sack of Constantinople 4th Crusade).

[@pouyamori3861]

napoleonic wars would be a good series if you were looking for another awsome series kings and generals

[@Bojanglesz89]

Guys, what is Stephen of Blois doing on the map @14:37?

[@npalmi88]

A part of me hopes we have an equivalent to the bronze age collapse so we can go back to city-states. Would be so kino.

[@aycemanm8151]

I would like to see a video focusing on John II and Manuel I, the latter which I think you covered too harshly. He had many accomplishments during his reign and had the emperor had a strong succession it could have continued to be very successful. The treasury was not empty at the end of his reign as the Empire was collecting strong revenue more depleted would be correct. -Decisive victory against Hungary Battle of Sirmium which consolidated Byzantine control of the Western Balkans -The Egypt campaign failure is more on the crusader states than the Empire -Battle of Myriocephalum was not very significant defeat more a morale defeat Byzantines crushed that same Turkish army a year later at the Battle of Hyelion and Leimocheir, in 1179 a strong peace was confirmed -He handled the second crusade brilliantly. -Broke the Venice Monopoly.

[@alex3987654]

I would love to see this video too ! Manuel wasn't a bad emperor but in my opinion he distracted too much from the goal pursued carefully by his fater John (an amazing emperor from what i read), goal being : destroy piece by piece, strike by strike the seljuks realms. His rule wasn't bad, but he didn't prepare well the sucession with his young son on the throne, helped by his unpopular mother. He kept the power firmly but he needed a really strong heir to continue after his death. Myriocephalum is famous but indeed had 0 impact on Byzantine Power, it had more an impact on Manuel's health eventually. If Manuel had focused to totally destroy and reconquer Anatolia at the end of his rule, the Byzantines Empire would have been in a more comfortable situation to face the f.g th Crusade and its impacts.

[@aycemanm8151]

@@alex3987654 agreed completely in fact in the 1160's had campaigned in Anatolia instead of wasting his time in Italy he would have taken Konya much easier since the Turks were not at all united by that point. But yes John II was a great ruler, had Manuel followed what his father did the history of Anatolia would be different. He should have left Bela as Heir or at least protector but yes it all makes for fascinating discussion.

[@ScapularSaves]

Could you expand on Constantine XI's battles before the Fall of Constantinople ?

[@skull2470]

Can you explain (romance of the three kingdoms) battle of hefei? no one has explained it even though it was a remarkable battle where 800 soldiers of wei beat back 100,000 soldiers of wu.

[@psikogeek]

Religious tourists are among the most lucrative, but they must be kept from mischief, then and now.

[@gilbertplays]

You should make a video about r/place showing the battles we took there.

[@dioni5580]

Alexios Komnenos didn't commanded the crusading army but it was by a byzantine who had the same name. Alexios

[@dayanbalevski4446]

These videos are beutifully crafted... very high quality!

[@teodorbabic8007]

Great video and I can't wait for next one! I am also glad to see in the last section of the video that Serbia is shown as the original owner of modern - day Kosovo. This further supports the well-known fact that Serbs were far greater majority in that region during middle ages and it was them who erected thousands of churches and monasteries that are still present today (some are under UNESCO protection).

[@sidp5381]

This Byzantine European Schism heavily infleunced the relations between the West and the Russian Empire in later centuries especially in the lead up to the Crimean War

[@legioromanaxvii7644]

Keep up the good work, and please do not stop calling them what they called themselves: Romans!

[@antimimoniakos]

The two Greek symbols one of ancient Greek civilisation (the Parthenon) and the second of Greek orthodox church (Asia Sophia) are being destroyed by Christian Europeans. Not by Muslim Turks.

[@antimimoniakos]

@Misericordia So it was latin civil war? Or latins came to lute their own gold? Is now Aghia Sphia latin symbol? Did pope ever mention it? And if it was latin why did they bring army to enter Constantinopl? Your narrative ia a dark area.

[@antimimoniakos]

@Misericordia Do you claim roman crusaders came at their home? Were they at the same church?

[@antimimoniakos]

@Misericordia Little advise. Please read carefully: ''The two Greek symbols the second of Greek orthodox church (Asia Sophia) Then the trolling begun. There was one church and chisma been held in 1054. You like it or not Aghia Sophia is symbol of greek Orthodox church. Do you doubt it?

[@antimimoniakos]

@Misericordia Ok. You made your point.

[@legioromanaxvii7644]

​@@antimimoniakos Hagia Sophia was built by the Romans, during one of the greatest reigns of a well known Roman emperor, known as Justinian. The architectural styles of Hagia Sophia stem from Roman engineering. It really is that obvious, the Parthenon resembles ancient Greek architecture. Hagia Sophia is clearly a megalithic Roman monument.

[@MPOTSARIS20]

George Acropolitis resolves the depate about if Byxantines were Greeks or Romans. They where both.

[@alex3987654]

There is no subject honestly, Eastern Roman Empire was alive during this time, Romans that's all. It's only jealous western historians during the XVII/XVIII who decided to name the empire Byzantium, because they didn't accept that the empire of Komnenos was the heir of Auguste.

[@MPOTSARIS20]

@@alex3987654 The term Byzantine is ahistorical. But the Greek cultural identity of the empire along with its Roman political heritage is undisputed. Even ij modern times Greeks use the term "romios" aka Roman to selfidentify

[@legioromanaxvii7644]

@@MPOTSARIS20 George Acropolites said they were Graikoi (Greek-speakers) and Romans. However, if you read his work "Kata Latinos" the word Hellene is never used. It is a small detail but it makes a big difference. The "Byzantines" were Greek-speaking Romans, but not Hellenes. The ancient Hellenes worshiped demonic entities in the veiwpoint of the byzantine Romans, and thus were not Hellenes.

[@ChronosHellas]

@@legioromanaxvii7644 The ancient Roman’s also worshiped those same gods seems you can’t under the differences between Roma and Rhomhaioi

[@remilenoir1271]

@@alex3987654 You should stop with that ridiculous notion of jealousy. No one in Europe in the XVIIth century was jealous of some long fallen greco-roman empire that was already a shadow of its former self since a millenia by the time it had fallen to the Ottomans. Europeans only used the term "Byzantine" as a matter of convenience (since the Roman Empire was named after Rome, it was only logical that its Eastern counterpart, long removed from the City both culturally and geographically be named after its own capital, Byzantium). Europeans by the XVIIth century were litteraly the rulers of the World, there was nothing above them but God, and the former Byzantine Empire was nothing more to them than a eastern curiosity from the Middle Ages. Not anything to fuel any amount of jealousy.

[@dasd.bilany]

Noticed use some of the animations from other videos about constantinople before only like 2 or 3 but just thought id mention.

[@Bits89]

Please make a video about operation barborosa

[@loupiscanis9449]

Thank you , K&G . 🐺

[@demetriusstiakkogiannakes1326]

Hey i have another idea for a video. Can you make a video about the identity of the Romans you refer in the video(Byzantines) and compare it to the Ancient Roman term we commonly use. So that people can understand the difference between them?. Simply referring to them as Romans will make you seem like you are referring to the original Latin speaking ones for the people that don't understand Eastern Roman history.

[@TheChiconspiracy]

The "original Romans" were people from the city state of Rome, surrounded by other Italians who spoke a variety of languages and held a variety of beliefs that were just as alien to the Romans as the Hellenes were. Roman identity had little to do with language, and a lot more to do with the fact that you were a Roman citizen paying taxes to the Roman state. The Roman citizens of Constantinople in the 1000s wouldn't have considered themselves any less Roman than the Oscan speaking Samnites of the late Republic.

[@demetriusstiakkogiannakes1326]

@@TheChiconspiracy Correct. But the Romans of the Medieval period were comprised of Hellenic speakers of both Hellenic and non Hellenic descend. Isn't this why Heraclius changed the language and titles used to Hellenic/Greek ones.?

[@TheChiconspiracy]

@@demetriusstiakkogiannakes1326 I thought Heraclius changing the official language was a myth, and it was a far more gradual and sporadic process according to more recent historical research.

[@demetriusstiakkogiannakes1326]

@@TheChiconspiracy I don't know. Since he didn't only change the language but also other things such as the Imperial title of Imperator to Basileus is that supposed to be taken as a "sporadic" process? I mean why would a Roman Emperor change and adapt to "Greek things" that much. I mean they even spoke a different version of Latin, identified as Late Latin why would they change the language to Koine Greek is the real question in the first place. And Medieval Greek which was created later had its own variations by itself as well. So i don't know if the change to the Greek language was created to support the people in the first place as Medieval Greek brought its own complexity.

[@TheChiconspiracy]

@@demetriusstiakkogiannakes1326 Every educated Roman spoke Greek going way back into classical times... Several accounts of Julius Caesar's last words have him speaking in Greek, and there is evidence that upper class ITALIAN Romans would often speak Greek to one another. And yes, languages change over time... There is actually a writing from the early imperial period talking about how alien and strange the ancient Latin from the very early republic is. T he fact is that the principate would have been a very alien and disturbing place to the early Republican era Romans, with its emperor, the commonality of non-latin languages, clothing, and customs (even in the city of Rome itself), and the destruction of the land-owning citizen military thanks to a few rich men buying them out and replacing them with massive slave estates. If simply changing a title means you should change the name of your civilization, Rome should have done that LONG before "The Greeks" took over.

[@eliaspapanikolaou3563]

For those dident getting yet according " Byzantine " sholars on video they Say that all Italy ( I clouding Rome its self descended by Greeks,for more info " How Rome was founded " in the Chanel of You tube ""KNOWLEDGIA "Italos son of Enotro from Arcadia Greece gave his name into Italians Peninsula many centuries before Trojan was and Evander of Pallantium 60 years before Trojan war first create a settlement on the same exactly place 600years later founded Rome ,B We n ow the Greeks carrying the tradition not only of new but even old Rome since you Italians ,you are under Frank's,Lombard s and Norman's ,and The Influence of the Germanic " Holy Roman Empire" THATS true " Byzantine "Prospective

[@TheClownesque]

Naming conventions note for ~8:40: Przemyśl was, at the time, under Rus rule, so should be spelled Peremyshl, just as Halych is spelled correctly in Ukrainian romanisation and not as Halycz. Also, Danzig under Poland should surely be Gdańsk? Also, you're using the German spelling of Olomouc (Olmütz), but the Czech spelling of Brno (German: Brünn). I'm not sure if Silesia was de-facto independent from Bohemia at the time, but in either case, Silesia wouldn't have been German - there's a case for using German spelling consistently here since Bohemia and Silesia were both in the HRE, but you should be consistent!

[@abdullahazzam4703]

Maybe next video,you can bring history why german emperor consider himself as a descendant of roman empire despite there is another so called roman descendant that already exist before francia empire

[@abdullahazzam4703]

@@mysteryjunkie9808 very interesting,so basically the the new roman emperor its a german origin,i think the terms roman not referred to roman that came from the city of rome,but something different,looking up for another great video,keep it up🔥

[@tasosalexiadis7748]

That's because of Charlemagne, the first Holy Roman Emperor. During that time where was not a Roman Emperor in Constantinople but an Empress (Irene of Athens). So the Pope declared that Roman Emperor title was vacant and named Charlamagne Roman Emperor. That's how this mess started.