D flip-flop

[@laius6047]

it amazes me that at some point people had to invent these things

[@zoefowler7002]

It is even more amazing when you consider the complex series of steps we had to take to even be ready to invent these. Harnessing electricity, generating electricity, resistors, capacitors, inductors, vacuum tubes and even wire. All had to be invented so to put 3 scientist in a position to make the transistor.

[@andrewpersaud4144]

You are using "people" very casually. Fact is, it is usually a select few every so often that are blessed with genetics to see things in a way others can't. 99 percent of population from current living to deceased can't invent complex things like this. They can only take what's already found and innovate. Any useful innovations are usually limited to a select few as well.

[@ohaRega]

It's not necessarily the smarts, or the "ability to see things in a way others can't". Yes, that helps, but they weren't the only smart people around. The most important factor is being born into the right socioeconomic environment where you're given the chance to study in good universities (and not have to herd the cattle or do labor to stay alive), and even be born with the right *gender* to be taken seriously - which eliminates 50% of all potential geniuses - if we're talking pre-20th century.

[@s1treyrr]

*Touching guys, really... this got me right in the feels xD

[@fasligand7034]

I am feeling enlightened just by listening to this guy explaining, I can't even imagine how it feels to invent it by yourself :D

[@NotMassLucks]

14:45 I am still amazed at how coordinated you are doing three separate things at once: moving the pen at a constant speed and pressing two different buttons at different times in different combinations.

[@SpringySpring04]

It's almost like playing music. The coordination ability required is crazy

[@kei_otake]

Having watched 5 videos previous to this, from transistor logic gates to the D latch, the use of the inverter delay in the edge detection circuit blew my mind to pieces. Biggest crossover event in cinematic history

[@audiodood]

compuedtr

[@JohnVance]

Dude me too holy shit, I'm like you can't do that, that's illegal.

[@eldarshamukhamedov4521]

@@JohnVance for sure, circuit diagrams as a mental model are so useful, it's easy to forget that they are mere approximations

[@DJayDiamond]

After 3 months of nonsense lectures at uni it take me about 20 minutes of watching your videos on latches and flip flops to completely understand it! Thank you so much for making these :D

[@nd685]

Same here!!

[@gsilos]

im watching this today, when im 40. and this kind of video makes me to think that sometimes the purpose of a uni is not to teach us, but just to take our money and time. :( but im not sure about this feeling... maybe I changed a lot since my uni times... maybe, back in that time, when I was younger, I was not ready to listen. but I will never know, because I never saw someone teaching eletronics like Ben does in my whole life. even in the uni times. maybe, back In my uni times, I could not listen because I didnt see teachers like Ben. His energy to teach us is magic.

[@iljadenisovs4659]

Same here!

[@lucasramirez320]

Ben explains Better than my Prof who has a Phd

[@andy982183]

​@@gsilos Same here, I feel we need a good mentor in our life to show us path.

[@カラスKarasu]

You are every nerd's dream teacher

[@sunflower4031]

i'm a nerd and you have a point

[@Amir_Plays_non_stop]

@@sunflower4031 Nerds don't play among us...

[@gatedrat6382]

@@Amir_Plays_non_stop ??? huh

[@Amir_Plays_non_stop]

@@gatedrat6382 dont huh me its true nerds just study no time for among us

[@DrewWalton]

@lupo "flipping true" I see what you did there.

[@high_runner]

Using propagation delay of gates to build an edge detection circuit always reminds me of the quote, "when life gives u lemon, make lemonade out of it"

[@usersn300]

Nicely put!

[@ElectroProjects]

@@usersn300 really

[@chitlitlah]

@@ElectroProjects Indubitably.

[@w花b]

I hope these gates are powered by lemon too then.

[@TerrisLeonis]

I know I've been doing too much redstone circuitry in Minecraft when I think "oh yeah, 1 tick inverter delay, that makes perfect sense"

[@danielpeck1310]

I swear you explain clearer than 99.99% of prof in the university.

[@p1nesap]

man that breadboard time machine is crazy!

[@aidanstanford6742]

It feels like I learn more from these videos than from school, imagine that!

[@kubatrojanowski1187]

My thoughts exactly

[@okiedokie9430]

Amazing how you explain all these things step by step! I wish you were my teacher years ago. If they explained electronics the way like you do then my country would probably be on Mars already.

[@NineInchFailz]

the edge detector is so clever. Never would have thought to exploit the delay in an inverter to create a quick pulse.

[@burhanuddin127]

This guy is so so so so so underrated.... I challenge no one is explaining this kinda topics currently on the you tube.

[@canofsoda]

I just got an electronic kit and ive been binging these videos. Ben Eater is definitely to 50 people ever. like everyone else who's commented on his videos has said, everything just makes sense. he doesn't tend to explain things that don't need to be explained, and the things that do need to be explained are explained at the right speed, at the right time. i wish i could be in his class

[@antonnym214]

Very nice explanation of the flip-flop! I enjoyed learning about the delay which causes the true condition on the AND gate output. Very cool!

[@silverbladeii]

what amazes me is that Redstone is so similar to all this. The first flip flop I learned in bedrock edition is a d flip-flop

[@electra.academy]

Gee - and I always thought that D-Latch and D-FLipFlop were identical and were just German/English terms. Thanks a lot!!! very well done video. I immediately corrected my simulator....

[@yerriswamyk.m6530]

You are wonderful teacher , keep posting videos and make us educate, can you make a video on pull up and pull down resistors.

[@tberry7348]

yerriswamy k.m he discussed that pretty thurally in previous videos in the play list.

[@gokuvegeta9500]

@@tberry7348 I couldn't find it

[@zrt3128]

@@gokuvegeta9500 basically, in a logic circuit you need to have either a 1 or a 0, you can't just disconect a wire, cuz that'll make it go to a random state. the pulldown resistor is conected to ground, so by default, the value is 0,but when the 1 comes in it will take 1 as the value it'll work with because of the resistor

[@ElectroProjects]

.

[@ElectroProjects]

.

[@danser_theplayer01]

10:00 I build it in a game with logic gates that have a speed of 40 "ticks" fancy word for hertz. When I press a button it takes 1 tick to activate the AND and to activate the NAND/NOR fed into AND then another 1 tick to deactivate AND because NAND changed to 0, which results in a 1 tick pulse and complete ignore afterwards unless you stop pressing the button and press it again. It's the only way to do that because the game doesn't have voltages or wires or current etc. It's either on or off, and connections are wireless (very convenient).

[@Mate-mate]

This is a wonderful explanation of D flip flop. As a computer science student, I salute to you for this amazing video!

[@WhitEagle7]

dude I kid you not I left computer engineering in favor of physics because my instructor couldn't explain this well enough! in 3 videos that took me about 30 minutes to watch I got it all!

[@francoisguyot9770]

You'rte a great teacher, Ben. I love the way you evolve from the SR to the D flip-flop by incrementally adding complexity to the circuit showing the evolution of design techniques.

[@ThePenguinsRpurple]

This is SUPER helpful. I'm taking a computer architecture class online and didn't understand the book. This cleared it up for me.

[@pressgreen]

This is the best thing I have ever seen. You should get an award or something for these videos.

[@emberleona6671]

Yes. I agree I wish I had a non profit openinvent.club website and I would give ben eater a commendation.

[@ucantSQ]

Does anybody else feel the excitement building as the pieces come together?

[@Mayank-mf7xr]

surely

[@ajibigad]

Thanks

[@JonathasPatrick]

Man that was helpful AF, your explanation helped me to build a d flip-flop that transitions from 1 to 0 instead of 0 to 1, just replace the "And" gate with an "XNOR" gate

[@napoleon3242]

these videos are a must-watch for anyone interested in electronics.

[@AshWeber-Campbell]

Thank you so much! I got covid and missed my lectures going over this, and your videos helped a lot. thank you

[@nilupulperera]

Excellent! Everybody studying computer science must watch these video series. Thank you so much for your effort and time. Kindly think about to do more related to this topic. You are an extraordinary teacher.Thank you again Ben.

[@TannerCh]

Super video! I applauded for $10.00 👏👏👏

[@TannerCh]

I would submit that there is not a better tutorial on this topic throughout all of youtube! Thank you so much!

[@walshrd]

Excellent video. This guy knows exactly how to teach electronics. None better.

[@jackardis3797]

yet more proof that capacitors are magic and anyone who understands them is a wizard. I couldn't make any sense of that edge detector thing.

[@cindypangs4173]

This makes so much more sense than whatever my professor was trying to do...if i pass it is all due to your videos!

[@thehighscore6218]

Wow, its amazing how easy it was to learn this because to a clear and able to show it using your circuts. If only you were my electrical professor.

[@amirdaniali4065]

Thank you Ben for making these amazing set of videos available for anybody on the internet who just wishes to learn. I can't describe how much this means to me. THANK YOU.

[@christianmiranda331]

Beautifully explained! Makes me shiver how it was explained so simply.

[@naveenkakada]

It's amazing to see it practically on breadboard

[@WhoWantsToKnow81]

I love the fact that Ben's explaining how a major component in a 8-bit shift register works. ;)

[@TheLunaLockhart]

Logisim broke when trying to make a DFF in this configuration, so I emulated the function by running 7-off, 1-on with the clock component at 8hz, could be 16 if I wanted to get even closer to instantaneous ticking. Anyway, thanks for the work you do! It's really helping me understand all this crazy stuff that goes on in computers and the embedded solutions (usually SOC) found in many devices we don't think of as computers

[@TheLunaLockhart]

(yes, I know there's a DFF module, but building it is an important part of learning its function)

[@emberleona6671]

@@TheLunaLockhart did you try the logic gates edge detector instead of the resistor capacitor version of edge detection. Also lower the clock speed in the sim. Electronics workbench ??

[@rosshiscock8317]

You're an excellent teacher, thank you very much for taking the time to make these videos.

[@johndoe-bq1xt]

Your videos are great because they're bringing me back "To - The - Days". In my COMPE270 Logic Design Class, we did all our designs on LogicWorks software. Then we did the real circuits next semester in the COMPE470L Lab. I remember my fried fried the logic chip network and a few capacitors by accidentally connecting the network up to the 15v supply instead of the 5v supply. The electrolytic caps all smelled like baked bread! Oh the GooD times......

[@streamindegenerate4339]

Another great video, 'events happening on the rising edge of the clock input/pulse' should make sense to usual programmers

[@hightttech]

VERY WELL DONE! Needed a little refresher during troubleshooting, and this video was perfect.

[@harry_rotter]

omg, thank you so much! It´s the night before my computer architecture exam and you saving me right now.

[@fifaham]

@10:59 >>> this method of pulse creation is used in one of the security systems to detect the signature of the acousto-magnetic pulse signature - so by controlling the width of the generated pulses (via a variable cap controlled by an MCU) and taking iterated measurements (Assembly code is used as C code is not fast enough) the wave signature of the system can be detected and an alarm will be issued once the signature is matched to the pattern stored in the EEPROM of the chip. Digital-CAPs are available from vendors that can generate variable cap values through the SPI or UART port.

[@himprakashdas4482]

You make things so much simple with those circuits. Thank you so much.

[@anmolpurty2416]

Very nice explanation. It leaves no room for any doubt. Great work Sir.

[@dkfactotum]

What a coordination! I'm pretty sure it would take me tens of tries to follow those signals at the same time XD

[@nonamex3052]

Love you ben(no homo). Just the way you explain things i can understand instantly without having to rewind most of the time. Your way of teaching needs to be studied

[@sachitdalwadi]

You have no idea how helpful your videos to me thanks

[@TanmayGejapati]

i literally hated electrical coz of the way it was taught in our uni, you just made it so damn interesting, tysm

[@valizeth4073]

Really appreciate these videos, our professors lectures are a bit hit or miss and some areas are difficult to understand. But your videos are excellent in quality!

[@ObiWanBillKenobi]

Reminds me of Doc's 1885 refrigerator in BTTF3. 😊

[@jamesmccoy8568]

Thanks for explaining how the clock edges are detected, that was a mystery to me

[@asdfplkjh5541]

You are the god of digital design much better tha my professor explains nothing on hour long classes lol

[@IceFromTheSun]

Here we go again, Ben Eater inspiring hundreds of thousands of people and a new whole generation of self-taught engineers...

[@kunwarfk]

You are such an awesome teacher!!! I am so grateful for this video.

[@paoarsu2363]

Ben Eater is the best thank you so much and keep teaching please!

[@Dynamik100]

the best explanation ever, congratulations!

[@RobUttley]

I feel like a little light went on there (no pun intended). I wish this had been explained to me this way in the past. Thank you, I really appreciate that. Great explanation.

[@josedominguez2021]

Explain this is not easy, u do so clear. Thanks. I love Relays.

[@vuquanghuy55]

your video was well prepared and has a best quality

[@Rooth9056]

You made a great job please don't stop share videos

[@bavishkasathyanjana1384]

wow and wow... your teaching skill is amazing sir

[@BrendaEM]

Rewatching these videos. Thanks Ben! It's probably not necessary, but the output could be put through a comparitor for a square pulse, though a Shmitdt trigger would be better, yet, I will try to use a an Op-amp to make a comparitor.

[@eliphusmeko9263]

thanks for your support towards my understanding Mr Ben

[@F3udF1st]

T-flipflops are very useful for counters!

[@victorpatrick1217]

Very cool, I have done my electrical, but I am very interested to learn electronics and your teaching is superb, so please do more basic Videos👍

[@Rotorbladesus]

Thank you for posting this! This is exactly what I need to further expound on a circuit I'm building. I will post a link to a video of the circuit if/when I get it functioning. Thank you.

[@fasligand7034]

I think the inverter-delayed flip flop would also set off on a "downward" spike (that is input switching from 1 to 0). Not saying this would be a bad thing, possibly leading to doubling the actual clock frequency

[@Kenneth_H_Olsen]

9:10 You can put time delays into the circuits by adding resistances infront of one, of two inlets . Plan the "race" of the currents in the SR . Ampere flows like water, have to wait for the bucket to get full .

[@ReplicateReality]

that edge detector blows my mind.

[@QDWhite]

Interesting note, the RC edge detector is effectively a high pass filter which lets the high frequency components of the square wave across. It could also be viewed as a circuit that takes the derivative of the square wave. At steady low state, the derivative is zero. When a rising edge hits, the rate of change is high but then quickly goes back to zero with the steady high state.

[@emberleona6671]

In music is this called the envelope. Or a triangle wave.

[@elalemanpaisa]

for some reason i need to watch your video every other year to refresh haha

[@Bestcuriosity_1]

Love your all tutorial sir, Your way of teaching with practical approach is fabulous We would love to see more videos of electronic and communication. Thank you

[@SiEmG]

Sorry if this is dumb: 1. I understand there is no additional delay until the capacitor fully charges, right? 2. The resistor slows down the flow and helps the capacitor fully charge?? What do you mean the capacitor charges "through" the resistor? 3. MOST IMPORTANTLY: Why the current stops flowing when the capacitor is full?? I undestood better the 1-input AND-gate with the inverter

[@jonesstefan]

goddamn bro I learnt faster and better from your videos about latches and flip flops than the lectures of my drunk teacher xD thank you!

[@RyanAndersonTechnical]

superb content - thank you for making this so consumable for the next generation(s)

[@AaronLin721]

Absolutely amazing. You make EE fun to learn. Thank you so much.

[@theankushjain]

please make more and more videos that explain how a computer works internally. Your videos are really helping me in my MCA. Also make video on how different types of registers work.

[@fiveoneecho]

This is going from using my electrical engineering intuition to using my Redstone intuition and I’m not sure if that’s what is supposed to be happening?

[@toastom]

Redstone is just logic circuits too. That's fine, and if that helps you study then even better!

[@tiaxanderson9725]

6:20 this was an interesting conundrum for my Minecraft CPU as I noticed the circuit behave as depicted at 2:30 :P I actually have a bunch of breadboards, chips, wires, resistors, etc in for delivery. I'll definitely be practicing the circuits in this playlist :D

[@emufasar1789]

I guess I’m not the only person that uses these videos to help with building and troubleshooting minecraft ALU’s and other stuff

[@tiaxanderson9725]

@@emufasar1789 Well, mine was a long time ago. I've since formatted my PC so I lost the save. I also don't think my Raspberry Pi Zero running a small Minecraft server for fun could handle a Redstone computer ^^' When I did the Redstone PC I rarely used any help, so I stumbled through most things on my own (occasionally I'd have to look up some quirks of Redstone and often it would include a circuit from a Redstone PC as an example and I had to look up some things about computers as I knew far from everything). So it's fascinating to see solutions either close or really far from what I figured out. Plus physical issues like voltages going into the components via 'out' lines. Since nearly every Redstone component and thus circuit acts like a diode, it's simply not something I ever had to think about

[@emberleona6671]

@@tiaxanderson9725 how's it going did you support ben eater buying at his website? Good luck. I haven't tried minecraft yet.

[@YuriccAmorim]

amazing very good studying digital electronics watching these support videos helps a lot in learning

[@Skiddla]

really easy to edge my rising clock pulse to this video

[@bad_teammates]

Wow this video just made me finally understand what the GHz of a cpu means

[@michaelbradley7621]

In my digital electronics class we were never taught that we needed an edge detector. I always wondered why we could change on the rise from 0 to 1 but not when clk was at 1.

[@alvinasef]

Thank you for the detail explanation. Keep up the great work !!

[@ec11368]

I did finish a master degree in Electronics Engineering. For the first time I really fully understand the lessons.

[@shantonudutta9726]

The delay of NOT gate switching its state being used for edge detector reminds me of "It's not a bug, it's a feauture"

[@ezio_g]

I was about to add my comments when I realized that the next guy had already said it. You are a very good teacher. You don't waste time; you build up your lessons carefully to get to main point of the class like a professor. I've seen several videos and they are very easy to watch and followed even when I'm completely lost or I'm completely aware of what is happening. I would like to start building up my digital electronics skills and need to buy all these ic's, protoboard and the such. I need to build up my bench and I wonder where do you think I should go to get all this peaces of parts, component and tools to follow you lectures. I need every thing like meter, scopes, parts, board, cables and the such.....I'm sure you know what I mean. I have nothing and need to start from zero. The only thing I have is my brains and my skills as a technician but I need every thing else. I want to build the 8 bit computer and I have other project that you may be able to assist me with. Thanks for you support and thank for these amazing lectures.

[@emberleona6671]

Openinvent.club

[@tombrady7390]

Ur soo passionate about science

[@Galluxi]

What is the point of the resistor there?

[@GloomEmbraced]

From the video, the pulse width is proportional to the resistance and the capacitance, roughly t = R x C. The lower the resistance, the faster the pulse. The resistance of the wire alone possibly results in a pulse so quick that the logic gates don't see it. The other way to do it would be to put a bigger capacitor there, but resistance is easier.

[@davidsk8s77]

At 14:15 you show a sweet set of needle nose pliers, where can I get my hands on some? Thanks!

[@albyshelly857]

To detect a rising edge can we use an AND gate with one input the clock and the other input is the output of the AND gate itself but passed through a NOT gate. So when the clock is high the output of the AND gate will be HIGH only till it's complement which is a LOW reaches the other input of the AND gate effectively making the output of AND gate LOW again.

[@saarike]

Excellent information about interesting circuits! I learned something new. My humble thanks.

[@ekaos5099]

The turn on voltage of the individual gate you address is 'approximately" .5 of the max voltage of the IC. Which in it self is a time lag as, we all know there is no-such-as-thing-as instantaneous voltage change. A square wave is a clipped sign wave no matter how fast you clock it.

[@weststarr2046]

Marvelous way of teaching....blessings friend!

[@kiavashkiaee5565]

Great explanation Ben, thanks. Won't the discharge of the capacitor cause another pulse on the edge where clock is going from 1 to 0?

[@nevpalmer]

I was thinking similarly, that when the clock goes from high to low (button released in Ben's circuit) wouldn't there be a negative pulse from 0 to -1 as the capacitor discharges? I made a quick breadboard test and confirmed with a scope that there is a negative pulse on the falling edge as well as the positive pulse on the rising edge. This won't affect the logic gate though as anything below zero will still be seen as "low". I also found that the indicator LED & resistor Ben has on the button in his circuit is essential (or at least the 2nd resistor is). He doesn't show this in his diagram but without it the first pulse happens as he illustrates but then the capacitor stays charged even when the button is released so the second and subsequent button presses don't cause any further pulses. My testing showed that a resistor to ground is needed on both sides of the capacitor.

[@larry90509]

That's why RC circuits are not used as time delays or "clock choppers" by experienced professional engineers. Taking a logic gate's inputs below ground can damage them causing them to function intermittently which is a *night*mare* to troubleshoot!

[@RoboGenesHimanshuVerma]

You could use a diode there to clip away the negetive pulse

[@Uniquelife_17]

you are great man god bless you!!! i am big fan of you from india

[@UsedToBeConsumer]

that's one hell of easy way for flipflopping, the only easy one i knew was a master/slave pair of latches