Dissolution of Austria : Treaty of Saint-Germain

The Final Days of Austria-Hungary video- • The Final Days of Aust...
My second channel M. Laser Random- / @mlaserrandom
where I just upload random videos from game-plays to vlogs and more.
My Patreon- / mlaser
My Twitter- / mnlaser
Music- Brian Crain: Song for Sienna
Video scripts with sources are available for free on my Patreon.
For extra historical information and corrections see the pinned comment.
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#History #Austria #AustriaHungary

[@MLaserHistory]

!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!! Extra Information & Sometimes Corrections if Needed !!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!! 1:03 1910 Austrian Census www.anno.onb.ac.at/ost.htm 1910 Hungarian census results. library.hungaricana.hu/hu/view/NEDA_1910_01/?pg=21&layout=s 1:06 By differently I mean there where slightly different questions on the two census resulting in a slightly different answers. Also the Hungarian census defined every language as separate while the Austrian census grouped a lot of languages like Serbian Croatian, Slovak Czech, Ukrainian Rusyn, together. 1:07 Although to be fare the censuses conducted after the war have a plethora of their own problems of how they where conducted and administers so it's really hard to define exactly the numbers, but stating that due to all these census problems the ethnic make up of the empire can't be defined is false. 2:39 As stated in the video I am aware that Yugoslavia was at this point called the Kingdom of Slovene Croats and Serbs but that's too long to say every time I mention the country hence I call it Yugoslavia for simplicity's sake. 5:21 In this case I mean the lands of the Bohemian Crown within the Austro-Hungarian kingdom (and a bit of Germany) not the whole historic lands with Silesia and Saxony, nor the Bohemian lands as defined by Austrian internal divisions which put Czech Silesia and Moravia separately. 6:36 The Frýdek-Místek south of Tesin should actually be Třinec I just forgot the change the name. 6:37 Czechoslovakia also gained land North West of Novi Bohumin but this was taken from Germany not Poland hence I forgot about it and didn't show Czechoslovakia controlling that land on the map. 7:34 "Polish Majority" lands, it does not mean there where no Slovaks living there, plus this entire area is complicated. For one the 1910 Hungarian census did not have Polish as a choice so many people in those areas opted to say "Slovak" being their native language as that was the closest language to what they spoke which was a Western Slavic dialect between Slovak and Polish. Whether this language was closer to Polish or Slovak is up to a linguistic debate and really doesn't matter because what matters is if the people thought of themselves as Polish or Slovak. Now many of these people never really thought about it seeing themselves as just the subjects of the AH so asking one of them at that time "what they are?" may have been very confusing to them. However, what is interesting is that in those areas in the 1921 and 1931 Polish censuses Slovak is stated to be only about 7% (in the 1921 census) so it seems like the people there did come to think of themselves as Polish if they didn't think of themselves as Polish already. 9:33 Help from not just Poland but also the Polish Liquidation Comity however both of these political entities had the same goal they just didn't become united until 1919 hence I count them together in the video. 10:54 I did not mean to say February 30th in the video (no such date exists) I just meant the last day of February which was February 28th as the Ukrainians than declined the treaty 1st of March. Also I wrote under the picture of the general 25th of February and it should have been 28th of February so another mistake I made there. 10:04 How I translated the amount of money being destroyed/looted to today's money was through the Geary-Khamis dollar. 10:58 General Joseph Barthélemy 25th of February 1919. It is a different Joseph Barthélemy than the one involved with the Vichy government in WW2. de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Marie_Joseph_Barth%C3%A9lemy 15:29 The way the plebiscite was held in Carinthia was a bit special because the whole area didn't vote at once. The province was divided in two zones A and B. With A being the southern part of Carinthia the one showed on the map to have a Slovenian majority. Only after the vote succeeded in this area would a vote be followed up in the Zone B which was the rest of Carinthia and had a largely German-Austrian majority. The plebiscite results I talked about in the video are the ones from Zone A where the majority population was Slovenian but as I sad half of them decided to stay with Austria meaning no follow up vote in Zone B was necessary to be held. 19:13 About the Vote in Sopron. Voters from the interior of Hungary where mobilized to vote on behalf of staying in Hungary and some even arrived to the city but the Italians appointed as the none-partial "referees" predicted this and therefore they made specific rules for the plebiscite. Voting could be done only by "All citizens who were twenty years old on January 1, 1921, were born in the city or were responsible, or were resident in the voting area before January 1, 1921" therefore there is no evidence of the actual people brought in from Hungary ever voting in the plebiscite as they couldn't. There was a fierce propaganda battle between Hungary and Austria and Hungarian law enforcement in the city did block Austrian propaganda letters and shipments from coming into the city. They also actively disbanded any pro Austrian demonstrations, plus university students within the city which were mostly German were not allowed to vote (since they weren't counted as "residence"), but voting of Hungarians that were brought in from outside even though tried never actually happened. Video scripts with all my sources are available for free on my Patreon- www.patreon.com/mlase

[@eiwtoca1579]

M. Laser History can you put a link to the full treaty that you used

[@MLaserHistory]

@@eiwtoca1579 It's in my script on Patreon but here you go. www.forost.ungarisches-institut.de/pdf/19190910-1.pdf

[@bartoszN01]

@@MLaserHistory Will you make a video on the whole macedonian-slavic thing?

[@MLaserHistory]

@@bartoszN01 Sorry no I don't see my self making a video about something past 1920 as that's kind of where my historical interests end.

[@bartoszN01]

@M. Laser History Ok, I understand.

[@zombarmk]

Man, post-WW1 Europe was even more chaotic than during WW1 itself.

[@LuisAldamiz]

There was a revolutionary wave or rather two: a nationalist one and a communist (socialist) one. This is something seldom debated re. post-war Europe but it was a very complicated mess indeed, at least East of the Rhine (Germany itself had a "soviet revolution" of sorts, but in the end they leaned towards Socialdemocracy, with elements already pointing to Nazism).

[@sean668]

After the ceasefire, it's like basically every political entity east of France temporarily stopped existing

[@Zorro9129]

There's a reason the term "Weimar" gets applied outside of Germany

[@LuisAldamiz]

@@Zorro9129 - Which is "broad spectrum Capitalist coalition regime". At least I usually call "Weimar coalition" to the governments in the EU, Germany, etc. which include both right and left (social-dem) parties.

[@cheems4061]

Correct

[@bas5681]

Alright, already 2 minutes in and the man has just created an ethnicity map for the austro hungarian empire. This is really damn high quality content

[@racoonlittle1679]

And that's why you should subscribe!

[@Sophiebryson510]

@@racoonlittle1679 already have

[@silviuc.5551]

AND THAT IS WHY I DISLIKED AND REPORTED THIS VIDEO!

[@somerandomguy___]

Creating an entire ethnicity map has got to be the most effort I’ve seen in a yt video in a long long time

[@MLaserHistory]

I mean thankfully half of the work was already done for me as I used a lot of reference maps done by other people and the census data itself.

[@milanwoods702]

@@MLaserHistory Humble king

[@MLaserHistory]

Yes.

[@oraclex2976]

Now let's see an "ethnicity map" of the Russian Empire/Russian Federation. That would really be something!

[@samuelluce8286]

You should check out Eastory’s eastern front of ww2 videos, he animates every division

[@fredericchopin4821]

My great grandpa served was a cavalryman in the Austro Hungarian and served in the eastern front as an Uhlan from the beginning of the war till his death in 1916. His brother survived the entire war and saw action in both Caporetto and Vittorio Veneto

[@samuelecherubin6902]

What did he say about vittorio Veneto?

[@GAarcher]

@@samuelecherubin6902 *No radetsky's?*

[@TankMarko]

this is one of the most well researched history video on youtube

[@seskal8595]

This whole event is just a mess tbh. Thanks for making it understandable!

[@pedrorombi3074]

Entente: Every ethinic group shall have the habilita to self determine itself Germans: Can we self determine and united? Entente: no

[@gryf92]

Germany in 1938: We are doing it anyway boys, let's grab some slavic land too. Allies in 1945: No you don't you little worm. It is time for you to get purged.

[@bigbrain2178]

@@gryf92 I mean it's telling that even France was shell shocked.

[@aureliamaxiumus3918]

I have been living in Burgenland for most of my life and roughly half the stuff about the Burgenland was completely new to me. A shocking testament on how much of history is actually taught in school. Thank you for this and all the other great videos!

[@marinazagrai1623]

The authorities who control everything, even historical facts taught in school… which we now find were lies or completely omitted. The same authorities want to portray these historical facts as something different which depends on how they want to shape the public view - it doesn’t seem sane but we are steered to their benefit because factual info is worth more than gold!

[@noahprussia7622]

I feel bad for the WUPR. The dude spat straight facts and they told him to get boned, then they got annexed

[@MLaserHistory]

Yeah when I read about it, it was kind of sad specially knowing how the WUPR eventually ended up but they truly thought that they could at least hold the oil fields and retake Lviv which is pretty much all they wanted and was the main reason why they didn't accept the treaty. But if they had accepted the treaty we could have had even today a West Ukrainian country which sounds very interesting.

[@triflomastera4882]

@@aleksandersokal5279 You should never use ''us'' when talking about history. You were not alive back then, you didn't fight those Ukranians.

[@LuisAldamiz]

Well, in the end the USSR corrected that wrong.

[@croiscant66]

@@triflomastera4882 This. Nowadays Poland has nothing to do with erstwhile Poland. Ethnically and politically.

[@MacakPodSIjemom]

@@triflomastera4882 Then you should leave your country and dispose of your passport, because you didn't earned it. Or if you did, then your children should be thrown out because they didnot fight

[@miyama8936]

Here you can see the difficulties Austria had to face during the first WW. While germany was playing on hardened difficulty, austria was playing on nearly the same difficulty but had the game also in a different language, bc all their soldiers were speaking another one.

[@triflomastera4882]

I feel like I don't deserve this much high quality content for free

[@MLaserHistory]

I mean if you feel really guilty I have a Patreon :D www.patreon.com/mlaser

[@Schnitzelfox]

@@MLaserHistory stonks

[@boomerix]

18:00 "Hungary was....having a thing..." Ominous spiky red area with hammer and sickle appears. 18:05 Allies: you are Austrian now City of Sorpon: How about no?

[@samybreitler176]

Watching this as an austrian just hurts. Especially the 3 seconds you talked about south tyrol at least the biggest pain was dealt with quickly.

[@tirolerfighter.9144]

Als Südtiroler kann ich da zustimmen.

[@mundoloving]

That breakdown of the 1910 census was insanely detailed. I wish people broken down modern politics in that detailed of a fashion some of the time.

[@SamAronow]

I find St. Germain dissolves well with vodka.

[@MLaserHistory]

So does gold.

[@jacobnrskov716]

I really liked the Austro-Hungarian empire, the borders, the wild history behind the Habsburg and so on. I loved the empire overall

[@Rynewulf]

It's an honest shame then went down the genocidal and anti Danube Confederation route. By granting independence to the angered areas and autonomy to the friendly ones, a lot of death and war could have been avoided

[@silesiaball9505]

Great video, I never heard about pogrom in Lvov, in Poland we only learn about difficult fights ( in which also young teenagers took part) with Ukrainians over the city.

[@MLaserHistory]

Yeah "Hey guys we weren't always the good guys" is not really a thing a state would want to teach their kids in school. Than again a lot of countries do this.

[@JakubW.]

@@MLaserHistory Well you also did not mention e.g. war crimes of Czech side during the war (like Stonava massacre). Of course all parties that were involved in conflicts during the dissolution of Austria did despicable things. Poles, Czechs, Ukrainians... you name it. If you dig deep enough you will find that no side in this conflicts were the good guys.

[@Argacyan]

Countries don't like teaching negative or even neutral parts of their history, albeit nationalist countries are a thousand times more likely to do this than others because that's nationalism. Poland right at this moment is probably the most nationalist & thus changing what history children are taught than the country has ever been.

[@blackout6772]

@@Argacyan We don't change our history books, Russians already try to make the ones who started WW2. Historians or history enthusiasts know about things like Pogrom in Lwów, know about Blue Police in General Government. Normal people ,most of the time, don't know about things like that because they don't care about or don't know history. It's not like we are special by speaking in superlatives about our history, many countries (unless you are Germany) don't talk about things they did wrong or were simply evil. And it's not easy when you admit that "Yeah there were Poles that collaborated with Nazis but they executed for treason" and then you hear from some politicans from Israel that the Poles "Drink anti-semitism with their mothers milk" or something like that. Or that Russians blame us for starting WW2. Are there things in history of Poland that should be told more frequently? Yes there are, but the same could be told about every country.

[@samuan001]

@@Argacyan on the other hand, I read about pogroms by Ukrainians which didn't help WUPR gain support...

[@nicolaramoso3286]

Wow the South-Tyrol annexation went very smooth considering what happened in other areas during this transitional period, and yet still to this day the Provinces of Trento and Bozen have very large autonomy and in the latter they basically speak German everywhere except for the city of Bozen and the southern parts of the province. Road signs and official documents are also bi-lingual.

[@niccolocaramori7288]

Yeah but they are still a pain in the ass

[@tirolerfighter.9144]

As an South Tyrolean i can say only in bozem is the language manly italian nowhere else. And because of that I say Südtirol ist nicht italien

[@samybreitler176]

@@niccolocaramori7288 if they are such a pain in the ass why didn’t you let them leave. Lol. Italian fascism wouldn’t allow that.

[@tirolerfighter.9144]

@@samybreitler176 You are absolutely right.

[@fzzy5739]

apolgy for bad english where were u when austria-hungary die i was at the isonzo fighting for the 6324327th time when telegram is sent "austria-hungary is kil" "no"

[@agrn.]

no

[@greyerskullz]

no

[@schurup2994]

what does it mean

[@keeganmoonshine7183]

@@schurup2994 is meme

[@paulh2468]

In my previous incarnation, in 1919, I was a farmer in Peru, raising alpacas and chupacabras for their wool.

[@jcm95]

Watching this video for the second time (first time was on release), this is such a high effort video I can't believe it doesn't have more views. Keep it up with the awesome content.

[@ElSayyidCampeador]

incredibly detailed on such events the more mainstream history channels gloss over, excellent work as ever, thank you so much for your perspective and animations

[@emilianoescudero322]

Austria of the Empire has the rarest Shape ..., it is like a long curved stick where at least 8 different languages or nationalities live

[@dompedrito25]

This video is of high quality and well researched; a thing that is really difficult to find nowadays in KZbin. This video made me interested in your fine work and I already subscribed in your channel!

[@vmycode5142]

Huzzah, we have been blessed by another vidoe of yours!

[@brutalnyas5639]

funny thing about this (more of the Slovak-Hungarian border and ethinicity stuff) is that people just look at the map and assume its just 100% that way, no mixing no nothing and that there were no minorities in Hungary (except Germans) when actually the whole border area like 25kms on both sides of the border, maybe more in Žitný ostrov were basicly mixed, Budapešt was Hungarian majoritly but a huge Slovak minority was in it, region Hont was basicly Slovak, so up to Vác right now, its just examples i am 100% sure about, source, my great grandparents which are Slovaks from what is today Hungary.

[@pampalini9344]

@@9wowable eyy my grate grandparents lived in south Hungary in Pitvaroš

[@TheSwedishHistorian]

should have kept the habsburgs

[@sackeshi]

I declare a republic, you declare a republic, we all declare a republic. EVERY BODY GETS A REPUBLIC.

[@lordyaromir6407]

Except only one of them stayed to be a republic :(

[@kbuschkuehl1839]

Great Video. Can't wait for the next in the series! :-)

[@MichaelScottRamming]

Thank you for making such an accessible and informative video!

[@isaiahsspontaneouscontent9111]

This KZbin channel delivers great content with detailed information. Very enjoyable video you have done 👍

[@ShahjahanMasood]

Hell yeah boys. Also wierd thing; I like your map colour scheme and its a big factor in me returning to your videos.

[@albs-x5868]

Nice video. Well researched and all. Congratulations.

[@ryankasch5650]

People wonder why the war was started, I think its quite simple if you look at the result. Serbia ended up getting all that it could have hoped for and more from the war. Sure they were occupied and lost many men but from reading about their leadership prior to the war that probably seemed like a reasonable cost for the creation of Yugoslavia

[@kostam.1113]

Yugoslavia was not Serbia. It was created same way as Czechoslovakia by majority of South Slavs wanting to unify and be free from outside powers aka Italians, Germans, Hungarians... Only issue is that after the war Yugoslavia became Serb centric due to Serbs being the most numerous and due to them doing all the heavy lifting in the war. That development was logical

[@Omnigreen]

I really like content like this, to see exactly how today's borders were established, how they changed over time and why is really fascinating, great work! Btw greetings from eastern Galicia :)

[@hansstrudel9614]

I love how Yugoslavia learned absolutely nothing from this and experienced the exact same thing happening to them again. All of the treaties of both world wars except for perhaps the one between the US and Japan were absolutely brutal. Demanding a bankrupt country that you stole much of what's left of their resources and economy from (the Rhineland) to pay you an amount of money thats so absurd that it takes them almost a hundred years to pay you back and their economy explodes so badly that it makes the American Great Depression look like the Roaring Twenties. And from what I heard the French in particular were vindictive to a childish degree and didn't give the Germans any breathing room to recover. And then there's the whole "Your police are allowed to use military grade weaponry but not your military" when all of Central Europe was experiencing the Big Sad and unable to stop massive revolts from happening in their completely destabilized countries. And then the second time they're like "Huh, we must've not punished them badly enough, time to punish them more!"

[@hansstrudel9614]

@rimacutem of Alsvartrsmiðr oh absolutely true, doesn’t make it right either way. Both treaties were devastating and basically just spiteful vindictiveness. They didn’t consider how these treaties would effect Europe in the future they were just hellbent on breaking the other country.

[@adriancernea6034]

"All of the treaties of both world wars ... were absolutely brutal." These were not so brutal like the war itself. So, at the end, somebody must pay for the war, don't you think? Anyway, we should study the plans of Central Powers if they would have won the war. In that case the treaties would be much harder for the losers. That could be a good subject to discuss.

[@hansstrudel9614]

@@adriancernea6034 the Germans did the same thing to Russia, again it was hideously destructive. “Somebody” is the loser even if they weren’t responsible for the war in the first place.

[@rihardmlakar2933]

I have to say u are AWSOME. They never thought us about any wars betwen the poles and the ukrainians. And thank u wery much for the carinthian plebiscit and for mentioning general rudolf Maister. There arent a lot of youtubers that go into the details as much as u have so thank u very much and keep up the good work. Ps i am a slovene so thats why im happy to see the general rudolf Maister and the carinthia plebiscit.

[@ShaneMcBryde]

Wow, great vid. Now I'm going to watch the one about the dissolution.

[@furinick]

Pretty amazing, never thought about how complicated it would be to dismantle the empire

[@albs-x5868]

You know, this shaped the Europe we know today.

[@LuisAldamiz]

... to some extent only.

[@tomhahnl1927]

Very well done Video, greetings from Austria!

[@paulh2468]

Thanks for the great video. Excellent maps.

[@liberticus]

Fantastic informative video. I really loved it!!!

[@yaboidilan218]

This channel is severely underrated

[@tonuka6257]

It's hilariously ironic that the Lajtbansag was so successful in repelling their two powerful neighbours, only to make the idiotic decision of becoming a monarchy and immediately falling apart

[@edi3182]

Great job, Laser!

[@peffiSC2source]

Excellent work!

[@ferenc.gonczol]

You re vidoes the best about this topic :) so much legit new information in it for everyone.... thanks for your hard work :) btw do you have insta?

[@MLaserHistory]

Sorry insta isn't really my thing. The very rear times I do want to share a picture I just post it on Twitter.

[@ferenc.gonczol]

@@MLaserHistory ok i understand and what is your twitter name then?

[@MLaserHistory]

@@ferenc.gonczol twitter.com/MnLaser

[@sjoormen1]

When Slovenes don't want anything to do with Slovenia. Not much has changed.

[@MLaserHistory]

I believe the feeling was more that the Slovenes in Carinthia saw that rest of Slovenia united with Yugoslavia and it was that country they felt like they had no connection with, as with Austria, they lived under it for centuries so it felt like a more natural decision. If Slovenia as an independent country was formed I believe the plebecite results may have been diffrent. Although Austria even than had a much higher standard of living and stronger economy so that may have been a deciding factor as well.

[@sjoormen1]

@@MLaserHistory You know you might be right. Standard was higher, being under Austrians was felt natural. Again, not much has changed.

[@av8973]

@@MLaserHistory It's honestly pretty sad. They got completely assimilated.

[@nirfz]

@@av8973 While not living in that area, the things i read about and heard form freinds family ect there are: In that area of carinthia, the slovene language is an officiall language you can use with administration, teaching in schools and kindergarten happens in slovene, church service depneding on the community is either mixed or completely in slovene, the traffic markings are (depending on the place) in both slovene and german.... There are plenty of slovene culture organizations and events to preserve the cultural heritage. Same goes for the croatian minority in Burgenland. Meanwhile the german speaking minority in Slovenia to this day has no recognized minority rights even for their language.

[@amberanubis8336]

@@sjoormen1 You must know that austrian propaganda was very strong while yugoslavian basically didnt exist. Also serbian soldiers who came to "help" treated civilians badly. Thats the main reason why a lot of people voted for austria

[@redsun5929]

underrated piece of work

[@MrRbwboy]

Great video. Keep it up

[@d.c.8828]

Excellent video!

[@prinznikitaiii]

Will you make videos about German Empire transition from the ceasefire to the joining League of Nations ? I have not found a well structured visualized material, that mentioned all important stuff as well as side fun situations as for example Free State Bottleneck, situation in colonies, everyday life in France given territories with German majority etc.

[@MLaserHistory]

I am not excluding the idea of making it but at the moment it is not on my list.

[@TBaldy]

As an American not privy to the intricacies of Europe, this video is excellent, and very informative. Can't wait for july 31!

[@lorddiana7746]

Thank you for this wonderful and well-researched video! Incredible how you managed to present all that mess in such a structured, concise and fascinating way Wanted to add a little about the WUPR - while Barthélemy's offer seemed quite good, it was, in the end, an ultimatum from a person who already had really strained trust of the Ukrainian side. When he passed through Poland, the same train delivered weapons to the Poles + USA made it clear they very much supported Poland His mission was less about resolving the conflict, and more about reaching a ceasfire as quickly as possible - which would leave WUPR in a more vulnerable position with only a vague promise of further support + his offer was to be a military agreement, not a political one - about as concrete and long-term useful as those Hungarian talks in Belgrade Who knows what would happen if they accepted, but wanted to add here some aspects of the situation that probably influenced their decision

[@Erwin_The]

I know it might be of your area of interest by now, but I would really appreciate that video about austria after this treaty. Thanks

[@nxibba]

so much work from such a small channel

[@alesmarszal8890]

Hi Laser, there's a mistake on a map at 6:20, the town south from Těšín is not second Frýdek-Místek, it is Třinec ;-)

[@MLaserHistory]

I know, already in the pinned comment.

[@Sebastianek1990]

VERY well made video, very objective . Subscribed before the video ends. My possible bias: I am Polish from south-east.

[@klausjackklaus]

My two sides in my mother's line come from Ruthenia and Northeastern Hungary. Trying to find the actual birthplace of my great-great grandfather has been a nightmare as his "country of birth" has Poland on one, Austria-Hungary on another, Ruthenia on a third, and Czechoslovakia on a fourth in the public records; luckily I found it as being in present-day Slovakia (he was of Ruthenian descent and was Byzantine Catholic). I have heard stories also later on in the dual-monarchy that Ruthenians (Rusyns) were forced to speak Hungarian as everyday language, only spoke Rusyn in their own homes, and their language was persecuted as it was seen as an Eastern Slavic dialect of Belarussian or Ukrainian (which still happens today in Ukraine). My mother's family discouraged speaking the language even after coming to the United States due to it sounding Russian; it is now better as Slovakia has given the region autonomy in 2008 and there is a cultural revival occurring with media and written works. They all came over to America between 1900 and 1918 and we still do the tradition of breaking the bottle of liqueur even though we do not want to stab any Austrians haha

[@pilum3705]

Can we maybe find this amazing map of yours somewhere? I really want to have a closer look and just making a KZbin screenshot doesn’t result in the best quality.

[@MLaserHistory]

As stated in the video it's on my Patreon.

[@pilum3705]

M. Laser History Sorry, I must have missed it.

[@Kovad6]

6:05 I am so drunk I see my home town twice.. Right side = Třinec Left side = Frýdek - Místek... and even that is not historically accurate. Místek was on west side of the river and Frýdek was on east side. They were two independent towns until 1943 when Nazis merged these two towns. (edit) I see you have been already noticed. Also coal mines are not in the mountains they are in the rural area here. In Ostrava, you could walk for a minute and then you would see the coal mine towers there. :)

[@MLaserHistory]

It's hard to put something on the map that you only read about in a book and I didn't have much time (as much of it was spend on the ethnic map) to go try to search for the exact locations of the mines. As for the cloning of city name that was just an editing error ... mistakes happen.

[@Kovad6]

​@@MLaserHistory Yeah, It happens and I understand your situation. Tho it made me smile :) Anyway, lets talk about history. I am not sure if you will ever read the prelude of World War II. In March 1939, Hitler wanted Czechoslovak president to sign that Bohemia and Moravia would became protectorate and will be occupied by Nazis. None of the side wanted to fight. Czsk was already weakened by Munich agreement and nazis troops were already at the borders and wanted "peaceful" occupation. However, Polish wanted to get back the lands they had lost and even little bit more. That day in March 1939, before the treaty was signed, Nazis had already started the occupation. So they could prevent Polish army of taking more lands. Anyway, that day the only organised resistance against Nazis was held in Mistek barracks. It was the only Czechoslovak fight against the occupation. The second day Nazis occupied the rest of the republic without any bigger resistance.

[@ACHistory]

Great video! Here is my rant on the Austro-Hungarian Empire: The Austro-Hungarian Empire was doomed from the start, in my opinion, just considering the ethnic and linguistic differences between the average Austrian or Hungarians (or Magyars). On one hand, Austrians are mostly Germanic, but then Hungarians other wise known as Magyars aren't even from Europe, they likely came from central Asia. P.S: M. Laser History, if you are reading this, I really like your videos and like how you go to great lengths to make your fantastic videos, whether it requirers translating old texts, or just doing your best. Your channel was one of the inspirations to why I make my history videos on major countries of the world (on their national days). Keep up your stellar work!

[@MLaserHistory]

Read it :)

[@ACHistory]

@@MLaserHistory Thanks for reading my comment, but what do you mean "read it", my comment or my videos?

[@nirfz]

Well, i think it makes a difference, depending on if you are talking about specifically the period since it was a dual monarchy, or if you are inlcuding the time before. To me the doom started withe the beginn of the dual monarchy, as this led to more differences. Maybe the idea that floated around on FF's desk and his staff for a creation of semi autonomous regions of ethnic groups, basically that each large ethnic group has its own state under the overall empires rule but with equal rights for each group, could have prevented the split up longer (or at all?), but for that FF would have had to survive the attack in Sarajewo and actually manage to make it happen. Many "if's". If you are talking about the whole thing even before that point in time i would say: it may have been doomed in your view, but it certainly existed longer than the kingdom of italy, the kingdom of Slovenes, Croats and Serbs (+ Yoguslavia) or the german empire as such. (the "united german empire") Even though these all supposedly share more in common in terms of language and culture. Somehow the different groups got along peacefully among each other for quite a long time. Just think of the following comparisson: the Slovenes and Croats were peacefully living together with austrians for a couple hundred years. (Some still do today...speaking of the minorities in carinthia and burgenland) With their language and culture wise supposedly more similar Serbs they lasted less than 80 years.

[@lamola4414]

17:22 Rapajjo? My heart! (At least you tried)

[@InstigationFixation]

Can we get an F in the chat for Fiume. Those poor bastards got FUCKED up, especially after WW2.

[@mastermindd]

I've never heard of Lajtabánság, but I'm hungarian. I guess I learnt something again. Thank you.

[@mastermindd]

@@9wowable Yea, I've read about it since then. A desperate attempt to save western Hungary from austrian occupation. Since then, almost all hungarian communities have been assimilated.

[@mastermindd]

@@9wowable True, Sopron had a significant german population az that time, and they still voted in favor of Hungary

[@Baurles]

First of all; I must say an excellent video, as always! And a question, why was it named the Polish Liquidation Committee? I understand that the name might be a bit, unfortunate, but it must have meant that they were supposed to liquidate something. Liquidate the Austrian government (in favour for a Polish government)?

[@MLaserHistory]

Yeah exactly basically liquidating the Austrian administration and services and basically just keeping order until the Polish Government could fully take over. (not any liquidation of actual people)

[@NoName-hg6cc]

AH after Caporetto: "Told you you'd pay Italy" Italy: "You...should have gone..for the head" *SNAP*

[@casianneagu5273]

Hello! Great video! Sorry for being rude, but you didn't say anything about Romania taking Bucovina. I know you work hard and the video was great! Keep it up! #StaySafe

[@MrKata87]

1st of Dec 1918 is also celebrated as the national day of Romania. What happened on 11th of November?

[@renatosiqueira8112]

Does anyone know where i can get a similar map with both terrain and rivers but without borders like in this video?

[@MLaserHistory]

maps-for-free.com/#close

[@renatosiqueira8112]

@@MLaserHistory Wow thanks dude! I took 3 months to realize you answered me but thank so much!!

[@d0nutwaffle]

Always sad to learn more about border disputes between brothers, especially since its still used to craft narratives 100 years aftewards, but at the very least I suppose noone went full yugo.

[@radored7750]

7:18 there is a mistake, under Těšín should be Třinec i think. Not Frýdek-Místek again .

[@cosxpy9065]

whats the background music?

[@isabelhahn9095]

This is so fucking entertaining! I’m devouring it whole

[@wotertool]

Meanwhile some Habsburgs singing in the background: Look at all these nations that we used to own ...

[@Timm_GooglePlus]

The Trianon treaty video will be over half a hour at this rate

[@pepela8214]

i wish the WUPR generals werent so stubborn and put their peoples' interests ahead of their pride

[@timonlindtner1818]

Conclusion: Slovenia was rekt

[@kostam.1113]

How? Slovenia didn't even exit back then.

[@timonlindtner1818]

@@kostam.1113 Slovenia lost a third of Slovene populated lands.

[@mrhippo6040]

Well, we managed to keep Maribor. And we got most of littoral back after ww2. So it's not all bad ending. But yeah we lost a crap ton of land in Carinthia.

[@timonlindtner1818]

@@mrhippo6040 And a whole lot land to Italy.

[@nikgracanin6180]

@@timonlindtner1818 Yeah but that we got back after ww2. Except for Trieste, but it's a shithole now so who cares.

[@roban2799]

Heard about the messy breakup that was Yugoslavia? Now get ready for the messy breakup that was *all of central europe*

[@matvey504]

Do you think the Entente would actually help the Austrians if Yugoslavia didn't back down? For example, the Entente forces in Russia withdrew as they were fed up with fighting, or in Turkey, where they just kinda either didn't fight at all or lost/withdrew.

[@MLaserHistory]

I think yes specially because Italy was right there and they had their own grudge with Yugoslavia and I find it hard they would let a thing like this slide as long as Yugoslavia was unwilling to give up the land Italy wanted.

[@LuisAldamiz]

They might have rather let Italy take all their claims. I don't think they would have directly intervened but Yugoslavia was a fragile entity allowed to exist only because France thought it was a good idea.

[@Tinil0]

Good lord I don't think I ever fully understood JUST how chaotic central Europe was at this time. It's very easy to know "Austria-Hungary split apart" without fully considering what "split apart" implies, because it was not nice and clean.

[@JasonGodwin69]

And then one day, for no reason at all...

[@dejsihorcici6886]

the eastern "Frýdek-Místek" is Třinec :D

[@dejsihorcici6886]

Already mentioned, I see now :D

[@tirolerfighter.9144]

Im sad that you only mentioned South Tyrol for 3 Seconds. Its a interesting thing because there was like 0 Italians in it and still there are not many italians in it

[@lukashaupt219]

Doubled Frýdek - Místek on the map. The one on the left is wrong.

[@Artur_M.]

Amazing video on this insanely messy and complex subject! I noticed that the ethnolinguistic (let's call it that) maps based on the 1910 census do not show Yiddish at all. Was it not included in the census, officially unrecognized and treated as a dialect of German? Or did the Yiddish speakers themselves usually prefer to declare German (or other languages) as their "Umgangssprachen"?

[@MLaserHistory]

They were clasified as German speakers within the census.

[@Artur_M.]

​@@MLaserHistory Thanks! Things make perfect sense now, especially the seemingly large presence of "Austrian-Germans" in Krakow and all over the Eastern Galicia. Let me say once again that the whole video was great. Personally I probably found that part about the Burgenland/Lajtabánság most interesting because (unlike about everything else) I don't recall ever hearing anything about it.

[@nirfz]

There were other languages too that were not represented, so some people had to choose what was most similar. This year i first read of the Hutsuls for example, they, as well as Roma and Sinti had the same problem: they had to pick what they thought comes closest.

[@MLaserHistory]

@@nirfz Yes that's also true.

[@Findo_Gask]

This era kind of reminds me of the anarchy in the Hunnic empire following the death of Atilla.

[@dan_mer]

Traditionally, the Germans always considered nationality and language the same thing. That is why all the censuses form Germany and Austria-Hungary are wrong. I don't speak the official language of my country or my ethnicity, so, according to German understanding, I am not Croatian. That is how you get the situation where for instance a town in West Prussia had a 95% German majority and after Bismarck started attacking the Catholic church, the same town had a 85% Polish majority. These were the same people, they only got really pissed at the Prussians.

[@ARx-mb6ig]

WUPR "doubleju-ju-pe-ar". You continuously say "doubleju-pe-ar" as in WPR.

[@MLaserHistory]

I just say it so quickly it's impossible to hear.

[@ARx-mb6ig]

@@MLaserHistory how about triple-ju :D

[@grizwoldphantasia5005]

This is all so confusing that I actually felt a twinge of sympathy for the diplomats responsible.

[@noekahn2073]

What about the Voralberg vote that should have had Voralberg be a canton of switzerland??

[@MLaserHistory]

Yeah, obviously I couldn't mention everything that happened everywhere in the empire but the Voralberg referendum was a thing that happened.

[@noekahn2073]

@@MLaserHistory UNBELIEVABLE IT INVOLVED SWITZERLAND AND IT WASNT INCLUDED, UNACCEPTABLE

[@concretetoy54]

teachers: don't trust Wikipedia! but M. Laser History, you can trust him any time

[@MLaserHistory]

Never trust me completely, if you really want to get to the bottom of something specific always search for different/other sources. Also Wikipedia isn't really that bad as people make it out to be. It is much more often incomplete than actually untruthful or misleading.

[@triflomastera4882]

Wikipedia articles cite their sources so you can just read them too.

[@concretetoy54]

@@MLaserHistory it was a bad joke, sorry

[@MLaserHistory]

@@concretetoy54 nah don't worry about it it was fine I was just giving more context :)

[@HundreadD]

Pain.

[@geroestetumor]

I actually think the Umgangssprache was filled out wrongly. They would pick their own household language anyway.

[@markmh835]

I've always wanted to have my birthday on February 30th. 😊

[@MLaserHistory]

I know I know a simple mistake corrected it in the pinned comment.

[@Dani-ld3yc]

Bukovina?

[@nOtstrO]

Do about treaty of nuelly

[@electricVGC]

treaty of neuilly when

[@multivitamin425]

I see the only problem of any independence is defining the borders

[@MLaserHistory]

That is an age old problem, many kingdoms went to war over insufficiently defined borders.

[@LuisAldamiz]

Maybe but also the problem is that occupant powers do not want to allow independence at all.

[@steved2947]

People of Sopron still cursing themselves for staying with Hungary.